CN116176766A

CN116176766A - Bidirectional ground grabbing type ship anchor and use method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN116176766A
Application number: CN202310375995.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张广川; 陈玉华; 高夕照; 龚倩倩; 刘润宇
Original assignee: Jiangsu Vocational College of Electronics and Information
Current assignee: Jiangsu Vocational College of Electronics and Information
Priority date: 2023-04-11
Filing date: 2023-04-11
Publication date: 2023-05-30

Abstract

The invention discloses a two-way ground grabbing type ship anchor and a use method thereof, wherein two flukes move to two sides by utilizing the concentric rotation principle, and the flukes are controlled to be in different working states by sliding rails with corners; the auxiliary component of the 'shutter fan' structure is embedded into sandy soil together with the fluke, so as to increase the ground grabbing force of the fluke in the sandy soil, improve the stability during mooring and reduce the anchor walking probability; through setting up controllable opening and closing mouth on the fluke, realize unloading the sand function when the anchor, reduce the probability of ship anchor atress and damage, increase life, adopt simultaneously in this invention to be mechanical structure and connected mode, not have the unable problem of anchor that leads to because of the performance inefficacy when the anchor, be equipped with the quicksand groove simultaneously, flow and unload the sandy soil of piling up in the anchor process, reduce the atress of ship anchor when the anchor to a certain extent.

Description

Bidirectional ground grabbing type ship anchor and use method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ship accessories, in particular to a bidirectional ground grabbing type ship anchor and a using method thereof.

Background

The ship anchor is a main component of anchoring equipment, and is connected to a ship through an anchor chain, and is thrown at the bottom of the water, so that the ship can be stopped stably. Modern anchors can be categorized as: the high-grabbing-force anchor, the rod-bearing anchor, the rodless anchor and the special anchor, wherein when the rodless anchor is used, two flukes can be simultaneously embedded into the soil, and the use is wider.

The prior art ship anchor has the following problems: 1. the ship anchor has insufficient ground grabbing force, the anchor is easy to walk in the mooring process, and accidents are caused by movement of the ship position; 2. after the ship anchor is embedded into the soil, the anchor flukes and the anchor chains are stressed greatly when the ship anchor is lifted, and the ship anchor is easy to break and damage; 3. the ship anchor is usually cast, so that air holes are easily formed in the ship anchor, and the ship anchor is easily deformed due to cracks or collapse in the use process; 4. after the existing ship anchor is anchored, the ship body is easily scratched due to the fact that the position orientation of the anchor head is not opposite when the ship body hovers.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, provides a bi-directional ground grabbing type ship anchor and a use method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that the anchor is easy to walk due to insufficient ground grabbing force and the ship anchor is broken and damaged due to an anchor lifting mode and an anchor casting process in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a bi-directional ground-grabbing ship anchor, comprising, in order from top to bottom: the anchor button, the anchor rod, the fluke and the anchor crown are disassembled, which is characterized in that,

the inside of the anchor rod is provided with a slideway and a spring, the bottom of the anchor rod is provided with a shaft rod and is connected with the anchor crown, the top of the spring is connected into the anchor rod through a bolt, and the anchor unloading buckle is connected with the anchor rod in a sliding way through an opening and closing component;

the fluke comprises: the anchor comprises a plurality of first anchor flukes and second anchor flukes, wherein a plurality of first slide rails are arranged on the first anchor flukes, second slide rails are arranged on the second anchor flukes, and the second slide rails penetrate through the inside of the second anchor flukes;

the anchor fluke is provided with a plurality of through holes in a staggered manner, the back and the bottom are respectively provided with a plurality of auxiliary parts and a rotating unit, the auxiliary parts are in rotating connection with the anchor fluke, one end, close to the rotating unit, of each of the first sliding rail and the second sliding rail is provided with a positioner, and the rotating unit is in rotating connection with the shaft rod;

the anchor crown is internally provided with a roller, a line collecting groove, a sand flowing groove and a plurality of auxiliary springs, one ends of the auxiliary springs are connected into the anchor crown through bolts, and the other ends of the auxiliary springs are perpendicular to the back of the fluke.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shaft rod is provided with a plurality of special-shaped grooves, and a plurality of steel cables are arranged in the special-shaped grooves.

It should be noted that, because many special-shaped grooves are formed on the shaft rod, many semi-hollow structures are formed, in order to ensure the strength of the shaft rod in the using process, the shaft rod is fixedly connected with the anchor crown, or is separated in the axial direction to form an integral body, and then is connected by bolts.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary component includes a "herringbone" rotating plate and a connecting rod, the "herringbone" rotating plate includes a rotating shaft, a bearing, a clamping plate and a baffle, the rotating shaft, the clamping plate and the baffle are all fixedly connected to the bearing, and the "herringbone" rotating plate is rotatably connected to the connecting rod through the rotating shaft.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, one end of the connecting rod is installed in the positioner and connected to the opening and closing member through the wire rope and the roller.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the connecting rod is arranged in a plurality of connecting grooves, and the connecting grooves are arranged below the sliding rail and close to the back surface of the fluke.

It should be noted that, in order to ensure the use strength of the fluke on the seabed, the rest parts except the sliding rail part adopt a semi-hollow structure, i.e. a minimum movable range is reserved.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary members are arranged in a staggered manner on the fluke, the weight of the clamping plate is greater than that of the baffle, and the size of the baffle is greater than that of the through hole.

The weight of the clamping plate is larger than that of the baffle plate, so that when the flukes are separated at the bottom, the clamping plate is inserted into the soil relatively vertically due to the dead weight, and the grabbing force is convenient to improve; the baffle is used for blocking the through hole in the anchoring process, so that part of sediment in the through hole increases the weight of the fluke and improves the grabbing force.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotation unit includes a rotation unit one and a rotation unit two, and a rotation port one and a rotation port two are respectively provided in the rotation unit one and the rotation unit two.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the opening and closing member includes a support rod and an opening and closing rod, where the support rod is clamped with the spring, and the opening and closing rod is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves for installing the steel cable.

The invention also provides a use method of the bidirectional ground grabbing type ship anchor, which comprises the following steps:

s1, anchor setting: sinking the ship anchor into the water, separating the flukes at two sides to two sides respectively by utilizing the dead weight of the ship anchor part and concentric rotation, and achieving the maximum included angle, continuously releasing the anchor chain and dragging the anchor chain forwards to enable the ship anchor to incline to one side;

s2, anchoring: after the ship anchor is dumped, the anchor chain is pulled, so that the auxiliary component is clamped into the sandy soil, the anchor chain is pulled continuously, the fluke attached to one side of the sandy soil is driven to be embedded into the sandy soil, and the anchor continues to go deep until the fluke reaches the maximum included angle and the included angle is filled with the sandy soil;

s3, anchor lifting: the anchor chain is pulled to drive the fluke to move upwards, the auxiliary component rotates, sand on the surface of part of the fluke flows to the seabed from the through hole, and the flukes are assisted to retract by the springs.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S3, the auxiliary member is preferentially rotated and the fluke is rotated by setting the length and shape of the member, i.e. designing the slide rail to have a corner.

The elastic value of the spring in the anchor rod when the spring is deformed is as follows: when the traditional anchor is moored, the tension in the anchor chain is exerted; because the loads of different vessels and the stress of anchor chains are different, the springs need to be analyzed and selected according to actual conditions; when the ship is moored, the tension force in the anchor chain is basically unchanged, and when the ship is moored, the ship anchor is equivalent to a lever, and the anchor chain needs to exert a force larger than the force born by the anchor chain when the ship is moored, so that the ship anchor can be "pried up" to realize the mooring.

The invention solves the defects existing in the background technology, and has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The invention designs a plurality of auxiliary components, adjusts the weight distribution of the auxiliary components to ensure that after the ship anchor is submerged, one heavier end of the component can incline to one side and forms an included angle with the fluke, and the auxiliary components and the fluke are embedded into sandy soil together during anchoring, so that the ground grabbing force can be generated on the front surface and the back surface of the fluke at the same time, and the problems of insufficient ground grabbing force of the ship anchor and easy anchor walking in the mooring process in the prior art are solved.

(2) According to the invention, the anchor fluke is provided with the through holes, the anchor fluke is matched with the baffle plate in the auxiliary component, the baffle plate blocks the through holes during anchoring, part of sand is accumulated in the through holes, the weight of the anchor fluke is increased, and the ground grabbing force is provided to a certain extent; when the anchor is lifted, the connecting rod is pulled, the baffle rotates to open the through hole, sediment in the through hole and on the surface of the fluke is discharged to the sea bottom through the through hole, a certain sand discharging function is provided, and the problem that when the anchor is lifted in the prior art, the ship anchor is stressed to be larger and is easy to break or damage is solved.

(3) In order to enable the fluke to have the function of unloading sand and then closing, a sliding rail on the fluke is designed to have a corner, so that an opening and closing rod firstly pulls a steel cable to move below the corner to drive an auxiliary part to rotate, and the sand unloading function is realized; when the opening and closing rod passes through the corner, sand unloading is basically completed, and the auxiliary spring is used for opening and closing the fluke.

(4) The anchor flukes are opened and closed to the two sides by means of the mutual coordination of gravity and elasticity in a way that concentric rotation and the slide rail limit a route, so that the ship anchor can be anchored on the two sides after landing, is easier to embed in sandy soil, and does not need to search a landing anchor point and an embedding point for many times; meanwhile, due to the arrangement of the sliding rail and the sliding way, the front end of the fluke faces upwards in the direction after anchor lifting, and the fluke cannot contact with the ship body when hovering, so that the ship body is prevented from being scratched.

(5) The ship anchor has more parts and is mostly connected by bolts or other connection and installation modes, namely, the ship anchor is not manufactured into a whole, so that the parts can be manufactured by forging, the mechanical property of the ship anchor is far greater than that of casting, the ship anchor can be effectively prevented from being broken due to air holes generated by casting, and meanwhile, the ship anchor is convenient to detach and replace.

(6) The ship anchor's part is connected and the mode of operation is pure mechanical connection or motion, does not contain electronic components, need not regularly supply power and waterproof to components, when anchor under water, can prevent that electronic components's inefficacy from leading to the ship anchor unable anchor down or anchor, avoid causing economic loss because of unable anchor, designed the quicksand groove simultaneously, be convenient for the sand in various grooves flows into the seabed along with rivers at anchor in-process, can not cause spare part card to hang over.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art;

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a second block diagram of the fluke of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a fluke in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present invention at A;

in the figure: 1. anchor buckle unloading; 2. a bolt; 3. flukes; 4. an anchor crown; 5. a support rod; 6. a through hole; 7. a spring; 8. a connecting rod; 9. a connecting groove; 10. a positioner; 11. an auxiliary spring; 12. a wire rope; 13. a roller; 14. line collecting grooves; 15. an opening and closing member; 16. an opening and closing rod; 17. a special-shaped groove; 18. a shaft lever; 19. a second slide rail; 20. a second rotating unit; 21. a second rotating port; 22. a first slide rail; 23. a first rotating unit; 24. a clamping plate; 25. a bearing; 26. a baffle; 27. a rotating shaft; 28. a slideway; 29. a fluke I; 30. flukes II; 31. an auxiliary component.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may include one or more of the feature, either explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific context.

As shown in fig. 1, a three-dimensional structure diagram of a bi-directional ground-grabbing type ship anchor sequentially comprises, from top to bottom: the anchor comprises an anchor shackle 1, an anchor rod 2, an anchor fluke 3 and an anchor crown 4.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a cross-sectional view and an anchor rod structure diagram of a bi-directional ground grabbing type ship anchor are shown, a slide way 28 and a spring 7 are arranged inside an anchor rod 2, a shaft lever 18 is arranged at the bottom and connected with an anchor crown 4, the top of the spring 7 is connected in the anchor rod 2 through a bolt, and an anchor dismounting buckle 1 is connected with the anchor rod 2 in a sliding manner through an opening and closing part 15; the shaft lever 2 is provided with a plurality of special-shaped grooves 17, and a plurality of steel cables 12 are arranged in the special-shaped grooves 17.

The connecting rod 8 is installed in a plurality of connecting grooves 9, and a plurality of connecting grooves 9 are arranged below the slide rail, and one end of the connecting rod is installed in the positioner 10 and is connected with the opening and closing part 15 through the steel cable 12 and the roller 13.

The opening and closing part 15 comprises a supporting rod 5 and an opening and closing rod 16, the supporting rod 5 is clamped with the spring 7, and the opening and closing rod 16 is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves for installing a steel cable.

The auxiliary parts 31 are rotationally connected with the fluke 3, the end, close to the rotating unit, of the first slide rail 22 and the second slide rail 19 is provided with a positioner 10, and the rotating unit is rotationally connected with the shaft rod.

The anchor crown 4 is internally provided with a roller 13, a line collecting groove 14, a sand flowing groove and a plurality of auxiliary springs 11, one ends of the auxiliary springs 11 are connected in the anchor crown 4 through bolts, and the other ends of the auxiliary springs are perpendicular to the back of the fluke 3.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, a block diagram of fluke one and fluke two of a double-grabbing-type ship anchor, fluke 3 comprises: the anchor fluke comprises a plurality of anchor flukes 29 and anchor flukes 30, a plurality of slide rails 22 are arranged on the anchor flukes 29, a slide rail 19 is arranged on the anchor flukes 30, and the slide rail 19 penetrates through the anchor flukes 30.

The fluke 3 is provided with a plurality of through holes 6 in a staggered manner, the back and the bottom are respectively provided with a plurality of auxiliary parts 31 and a rotating unit, the rotating unit comprises a first rotating unit 23 and a second rotating unit 20, and a first rotating opening 21 and a second rotating opening 21 are respectively arranged in the first rotating unit 23 and the second rotating unit 20.

As shown in fig. 6, an a-site structure of a bi-directional ground grabbing type ship anchor, the auxiliary component 31 comprises a herringbone rotating plate and a connecting rod 8, the herringbone rotating plate comprises a rotating shaft 27, a bearing 25, a clamping plate 24 and a baffle 26, the weight of the clamping plate 24 is greater than that of the baffle 26, and the size of the baffle 26 is greater than that of the through hole 6; the rotating shaft 27, the clamping plate 24 and the baffle 26 are fixedly connected to the bearing 25, and the herringbone rotating plate is rotatably connected with the connecting rod 8 through the rotating shaft 27.

The invention designs the herringbone auxiliary component, the weight distribution of which is different, so that after the ship anchor is submerged, one heavier end of the component can incline to one side and form an included angle with the fluke, and the component and the fluke are embedded into sandy soil together during anchoring, so that the grabbing force can be generated on the front surface and the back surface of the fluke at the same time, and the problems of insufficient grabbing force of the ship anchor and easy anchor walking in the mooring process in the prior art are solved.

According to the invention, the anchor fluke is provided with the through holes, the anchor fluke is matched with the baffle plate in the auxiliary component, the baffle plate blocks the through holes during anchoring, part of sand is accumulated in the through holes, the weight of the anchor fluke is increased, and the ground grabbing force is provided to a certain extent; when the anchor is lifted, the connecting rod is pulled, the baffle rotates to open the through hole, sediment in the through hole and on the surface of the fluke is discharged to the sea bottom through the through hole, a certain sand discharging function is provided, and the problem that when the anchor is lifted in the prior art, the ship anchor is stressed to be larger and is easy to break or damage is solved.

The anchor flukes are opened and closed to the two sides by means of the mutual coordination of gravity and elasticity in a way that concentric rotation and the slide rail limit a route, so that the ship anchor can be anchored on the two sides after landing, is easier to embed in sandy soil, and does not need to search a landing anchor point and an embedding point for many times; meanwhile, due to the arrangement of the sliding rail and the sliding way, the front end of the fluke faces upwards in the direction after anchor lifting, and the fluke cannot contact with the ship body when hovering, so that the ship body is prevented from being scratched.

Because the ship anchor parts are more, the ship anchor parts are connected by bolts or are connected by other mounting modes, namely, the ship anchor parts are not manufactured into a whole, so that the parts can be manufactured by adopting a forging mode, the mechanical property of the ship anchor parts is far greater than that of the ship anchor parts during casting, the ship anchor parts can be effectively prevented from being broken due to air holes generated during casting, and meanwhile, the ship anchor parts are convenient to detach and replace; the ship anchor is connected with the components in a purely mechanical mode or in a purely mechanical mode, does not contain electronic components, does not need to regularly supply power to the components and is waterproof, and can prevent the ship anchor from being capable of being off or being capable of being lifted due to failure of the electronic components when the ship anchor is anchored underwater, so that economic losses caused by incapability of being lifted are avoided.

The ship anchor, when in use, comprises the following states:

s1, hovering: the opening and closing component is positioned at the upper end of the slideway, contacts with the spring, the fluke is attached to the anchor rod, the steel cable is in a straightened state, and the clamping plate in the auxiliary component is attached to the back surface of the fluke;

s1, anchor setting: sinking the ship anchor into the water, enabling the opening and closing rod to move downwards due to the dead weight of the opening and closing component and the elasticity of the spring, enabling the concentric rotation to drive the flukes to separate towards two sides respectively, enabling the flukes to reach the maximum included angle, and storing the steel cable unloading force in the wire collecting groove; the clamping plate in the auxiliary component rotates downwards due to self weight, continuously releases the anchor chain and drags the anchor chain forwards, so that the ship anchor falls to one side;

s2, anchoring: after the ship anchor is dumped, the fluke and the clamping plate are in contact with the sand, the anchor chain is pulled, so that the clamping plate is embedded into the sand, the anchor chain is pulled continuously, the fluke attached to one side of the sand is driven to be embedded into the sand, and the ship anchor continues to go deep until the fluke reaches the maximum included angle and the included angle is filled with the sand; the opening and closing part is contacted with the spring at the moment, and the steel cable is slightly stressed under the action of the elasticity, so that the state is kept until the mooring is completed;

s3, anchor lifting: the anchor chain is pulled, the stress of the anchor chain and the opening and closing part is increased, the pulling force is larger than the elastic force of the spring, the opening and closing part moves upwards, the steel cable straightens to drive the connecting rod to move, the auxiliary part rotates, sand in the through hole and on the surface of part of the fluke flows to the seabed from the through hole, the anchor chain is continuously pulled upwards, the opening and closing rod moves to the corner of the sliding rail and then moves along the sliding rail, the fluke starts to shrink towards the anchor rod, and meanwhile, the plurality of springs assist the fluke to retract.

The above-described preferred embodiments according to the present invention are intended to suggest that, from the above description, various changes and modifications can be made by the person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the description, but must be determined according to the scope of claims.

Claims

1. A bi-directional ground-grabbing ship anchor, comprising, in order from top to bottom: the anchor button, the anchor rod, the fluke and the anchor crown are disassembled, which is characterized in that,

2. A bi-directional ground-engaging ship anchor as recited in claim 1 wherein: a plurality of special-shaped grooves are formed in the shaft rod, and a plurality of steel cables are arranged in the special-shaped grooves.

3. A bi-directional ground-engaging ship anchor as recited in claim 1 wherein: the auxiliary component comprises a herringbone rotating plate and a connecting rod, wherein the herringbone rotating plate comprises a rotating shaft, a bearing, a clamping plate and a baffle, the rotating shaft, the clamping plate and the baffle are fixedly connected to the bearing, and the herringbone rotating plate is connected with the connecting rod in a rotating mode through the rotating shaft.

4. A bi-directional ground-engaging ship anchor as recited in claim 2 wherein: one end of the connecting rod is installed in the positioner and is connected with the opening and closing component through the steel cable and the roller.

5. A bi-directional ground-engaging ship anchor according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: the connecting rods are arranged in the connecting grooves, and the connecting grooves are arranged below the sliding rail and close to the back of the fluke.

6. A bi-directional ground-gripping ship anchor and method of use thereof as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the auxiliary components are arranged on the flukes in a staggered mode, the weight of the clamping plate is larger than that of the baffle, and the size of the baffle is larger than that of the through hole.

7. A bi-directional ground-engaging ship anchor as recited in claim 1 wherein: the rotating unit comprises a first rotating unit and a second rotating unit, and a first rotating opening and a second rotating opening are respectively arranged in the first rotating unit and the second rotating unit.

8. A bi-directional ground-engaging ship anchor as recited in claim 4 wherein: the opening and closing component comprises a supporting rod and an opening and closing rod, the supporting rod is connected with the spring in a clamping mode, and a plurality of clamping grooves are formed in the opening and closing rod and used for installing the steel cable.

9. A method of using a bi-directional ground-gripping ship anchor according to any one of claims 1-8, comprising the steps of:

10. A bi-directional ground-gripping ship anchor and method of use thereof as claimed in claim 9 wherein: in the step S3, the auxiliary part rotates preferentially by setting the length and the shape of the part, and then the fluke rotates.