CN116376881A - 一种谷氨酸氨肽酶及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种谷氨酸氨肽酶及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种谷氨酸氨肽酶及其制备方法和应用,涉及蛋白酶重组表达技术领域,其技术要点为:本发明提供的谷氨酸氨肽酶(PepA),其氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1;其编码基因的核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:2。本发明实现了氨肽酶(PepA)在毕赤酵母中的分泌表达,提供了其分离纯化方法。本发明还提供了谷氨酸氨肽酶(PepA)生物学特性及其潜在应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及蛋白酶重组表达技术领域,具体涉及一种谷氨酸氨肽酶及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
氨肽酶是一类外肽酶,从蛋白质或肽链的N末端选择性切割氨基酸残基,一般作用范围较广,是人们较早发现的一类酶。根据水解N端氨基酸残基专一性程度的不一样,将氨肽酶分为两大类:一类对N端氨基酸残基具有严格的专一性,只能将某一种或几种氨基酸残基特异地水解,如天冬氨酸和谷氨酸残基只能用PepA水解;这类氨肽酶包括:PepP(水解末端脯氨酸残基)、PepX(水解末端第二位为脯氨酸残基的肽)、PepI(水解末端脯氨酸亚氨基)。另一类对N端氨基酸残基专一性弱,几乎所有的氨基酸残基都能够水解,如赖氨酰氨肽酶(PepN)、亮氨酰氨肽酶(LAP)、苯丙氨酰氨肽酶(PepM)。氨肽酶的酶解产物为小肽和游离氨基酸,由于小肽和游离氨基酸是食品中重要的营养物质和风味,因此氨肽酶在在食品保健品工业中受到广泛的关注。谷氨酸氨肽酶PepA一种金属依赖的蛋白酶,专一性的水解以谷氨酸/天冬氨酸为N末端的多肽,可应用于富含谷氨酸/天冬氨酸的食物蛋白的水解,如面筋和酪蛋白等。与其他的外肽酶和内肽酶复合使用,谷氨酸氨肽酶(PepA)可显著提高蛋白质的降解程度,提高蛋白质如面筋的水溶性,而且还能极大的提高谷氨酸和天冬氨酸的含量,使食物的味道更为鲜美,在食物烹饪上具有较好的应用前景。
乳酸菌(Lacticacidbacteria,LAB)是一类异源性革兰氏阳性细菌的总称,其共同的特征是发酵碳水化合物形成终产物乳酸。大多数的LAB都是氨基酸的营养缺陷型,但能在复合蛋白质的培养基上生长良好,说明其具有强大的蛋白水解系统,因而LAB是蛋白水解酶类的丰富资源。2001年,Uniprot数据库提供了一个来源于乳球菌菌株Lc.lactisssp.lactisIL1403的谷氨酸氨肽酶(PepA)氨基酸序列,但迄今为止仍没有该酶的制备和功能方面的研究报道。本发明从本实验室分离和保存的乳酸乳球菌LMY001为研究对象,通过同源克隆分离了其谷氨酸氨肽酶(PepA)编码基因、提供了该酶的表达和制备技术、功能特性及潜在应用。
为此,本发明旨在设计提供一种谷氨酸氨肽酶及其制备方法和应用,以解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决上述问题,提供一种谷氨酸氨肽酶及其制备方法和应用。
为了达到上述目的,本发明的技术方案如下:
本发明提供一种谷氨酸氨肽酶,所述谷氨酸氨肽酶为蛋白酶,所述谷氨酸氨肽酶的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
本发明还提供一种核苷酸片段,所述核苷酸片段用于编码所述的谷氨酸氨肽酶。
进一步地,所述核苷酸片段的序列如SEQ ID NO:2所示。
本发明还提供一种重组表达载体,所述表达载体为携带如上所述的核苷酸片段的表达载体。是将编码上述谷氨酸氨肽酶(PepA)核苷酸片段插入到载体中构建而成。
进一步地,所述重组表达载体为毕赤酵母表达载体pMB905M-PepA。
本发明还提供一种谷氨酸氨肽酶的表达方法,所述表达方法是通过在宿主细胞中转入上述的重组表达载体,进行高密度发酵并配合诱导剂诱导谷氨酸氨肽酶的表达。
进一步地,所述宿主细胞为毕赤酵母GS115。
本发明还提供了一种一步分离纯化谷氨酸氨肽酶(PepA)的方法,即通过一步超滤可使该酶的纯度达到95%以上。
本发明还提供上述的谷氨酸氨肽酶在食品工业中的应用。即用该酶水解以谷氨酸/天冬氨酸为N末端的多肽可产生游离的谷氨酸Glu和天冬氨酸Asp,Glu是呈味氨基酸中最具鲜味的氨基酸,因此具有水解多肽形成游离Glu的氨肽酶在提高食品风味上具有独特的应用潜力。
以下为本发明方案涉及的序列:
SEQ ID NO:1(谷氨酸氨肽酶PepA氨基酸序列):MELFDKVKALTEIQATSGFEGSVRDYLKTRMIALGYQPEFDGLGGIFVTKTSKVANAPRIMIAAHMDEVGFMVSSIKADGTFRVVPLGGWNPLVVSGQRFTLFTRTGKKIPVVTGGLPPHLLRGTGVTPQIPAISDIVFDGAFENAAEATEFGIAQGDVIIPETETILSANGKNIISKAWDNRYGCLMILELLGFLADKELPATLIIGANVQEEVGLRGAKVSTTMFKPDLFFAVDCSPASDTFGDDNGRLGEGTTLRFFDPGHIMLPGMKNFLLETADKAKVKTQVYMAKGGTDAGAAHLANNGVPSTTIGVVARYIHSHQTIFNIDDFNQAQTFLRNIVTSLSTEKVAEIKNYGGGGSGGGGSHHHHHH
SEQ ID NO:2(谷氨酸氨肽酶PepA编码基因的核苷酸序列):ATGGAATTGTTCGATAAGGTTAAGGCTTTGACTGAAATTCAAGCTACAAGTGGTTTTGAAGGTTCCGTTAGAGATTACTTGAAAACTAGAATGATTGCTTTGGGTTACCAACCAGAATTTGATGGTTTGGGTGGTATTTTTGTTACTAAAACTTCTAAGGTTGCTAACGCTCCTAGAATTATGATTGCAGCTCACATGGATGAAGTTGGTTTTATGGTTTCTTCTATTAAGGCTGATGGTACTTTTAGAGTTGTTCCTTTGGGTGGTTGGAATCCATTGGTTGTTTCTGGTCAAAGATTTACTTTATTCACTAGAACTGGTAAGAAGATTCCAGTTGTTACTGGTGGTTTGCCACCACATTTGTTGAGAGGTACTGGTGTTACTCCTCAAATTCCTGCTATTTCTGATATTGTTTTCGATGGTGCTTTTGAAAACGCTGCTGAAGCTACTGAATTTGGTATTGCTCAAGGTGATGTTATTATTCCAGAAACTGAAACTATTTTGTCCGCTAATGGTAAGAATATTATTAGTAAGGCTTGGGATAACAGATATGGTTGTTTAATGATTTTGGAATTGTTGGGTTTCTTGGCTGATAAAGAATTGCCTGCTACTTTGATTATTGGTGCTAATGTTCAAGAAGAAGTTGGTTTGAGAGGTGCTAAGGTTTCTACTACTATGTTTAAACCTGATTTGTTCTTCGCTGTTGATTGTTCTCCAGCTTCTGATACTTTTGGTGATGATAATGGTAGATTGGGTGAAGGTACTACTTTGAGATTTTTTGATCCAGGTCATATTATGTTGCCAGGTATGAAAAATTTCTTGTTGGAAACTGCAGATAAGGCTAAAGTTAAGACTCAAGTTTATATGGCTAAGGGTGGTACTGATGCTGGTGCTGCTCATTTGGCTAATAACGGTGTTCCAAGTACTACTATTGGTGTTGTTGCTAGATATATTCATTCCCATCAAACTATTTTCAACATTGATGATTTCAACCAAGCTCAAACTTTTTTGAGAAACATTGTTACATCCTTGTCCACTGAAAAAGTTGCTGAAATTAAGAATTACGGTGGTGGTGGTTCTGGTGGTGGTGGTTCACATCATCATCATCATCAT
与现有技术相比,本方案的有益效果:
本发明实现了氨肽酶(PepA)在毕赤酵母中的分泌表达,提供了其分离纯化方法。本发明还提供了谷氨酸氨肽酶(PepA)生物学特性及其潜在应用价值。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例中乳球菌LMY001的PepA与乳球菌菌株Lc.lactisssp.lactisIL1403的PepA基因对比;
图2本发明实施例中谷氨酸氨肽酶(PepA)表达载体pHB905M-PepA的构建程序;
图3本发明实施例中谷氨酸氨肽酶(PepA)在毕赤酵母GS115中的高效分泌表达(A,转化pHB905M-PepA载体的毕赤酵母GS115诱导表达上清SDS-PAGE检测,箭头所指为目标蛋白PepA,其表达量与诱导时间正相关。M为蛋白分子量Marker(kDa),1,2,3,4分别对应诱导时间24h,48h,72h,96h。B,PepA一步超滤纯化后的SDS-PAGE检测。M为蛋白分子量Marker(kDa),1为PepA);
图4本发明实施例中谷氨酸氨肽酶(PepA)的活力及应用(A,应用原理,特异性水解Glu/Asp为氨基端的多肽。B,酶活力的定量曲线。C,PepA水解H-Asp-pNA生成Asp的转化率(%)。D,PepA水解H-Glu-pNA生成Glu的转化率(%));
图5本发明实施例中谷氨酸氨肽酶(PepA)最适温度和最佳pH(A,最适温度。B,最佳pH)。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案,下面将结合本发明的实施例及附图,对本发明的技术方案进行进一步详细地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分的实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将结合实施例来详细说明本发明。
实施例:
本发明方案的实施过程如下:
1.谷氨酸氨肽酶(PepA)编码基因的PCR扩增和克隆
根据Uniprot数据库提供的一个来源于乳球菌菌株Lc.lactis ssp.lactisIL1403的谷氨酸氨肽酶(PepA)氨基酸序列(UniProtID:Q9CIH3)所对应的编码核苷酸序列设计引物,采用同源克隆的策略,从实验室分离保存的乳球菌LMY001扩增谷氨酸氨肽酶(PepA)的编码序列。引物为P1:5′-ATGGAACTATTCGACAAAG-3′和P2:5′-ATAGTTTTTAATTTCAGCTAC-3′。在平板培养基上挑取乳球菌LMY001的单个菌落,转移至1.5mLEP,100μLPBS重悬细胞,置沸水浴中10min,将EP迅速插入冰中冷却。离心,收集上清。以制备的上清为模板PCR扩增PepA编码基因。反应条件如下:模板5μL、引物P1、P2各1μL、10×buffer2μL(含Mg2+)、Taq酶1μL。热循环如下:95℃5min,95℃1min、55℃1min30s、72℃2min,循环30次,72℃5min。扩增产物经回收,采用AT克隆连接到载体pMD-18T,进行序列分析。
如图1所示,从乳球菌LMY001中成功扩增出编码PepA的核苷酸片段,通过序列分析,与报道的菌株Lc.lactisssp.lactisIL1403的PepA编码核苷酸序列对比,同源性达到99.62%。其中63位的A变为C,423位的A变为T,552位的C变为T,783位的C变为T。但编码的氨基酸没有变化,即氨基酸的同源性为100%。
2.谷氨酸氨肽酶(PepA)表达载体的构建
将上述获得的谷氨酸氨肽酶(PepA)编码基因优化为毕赤酵母的偏爱密码子,并在该酶的C末端加上组氨酸标签,获得SEQ ID NO:2所示的核苷酸序列。采用基因合成的方法合成上述PepA的编码基因,同时在两端分别引入CpoI和NotI酶切位点。合成基因插入到载体pMD-18T,形成克隆载体pMD-18T-PepA。CpoI/NotI双酶切质粒pMD-18T-PepA及pHB905M,回收PepA基因片段和线性化的质粒载体pHB905M,T4DNA连接酶连接PepA基因片段和线性化的质粒载体pHB905M,将PepA的编码基因插入到载体pHB905M的表达盒内,形成PepA的表达载体pHB905M-PepA。表达载体的构建流程如图2所示。PepA编码基因插入到表达载体pHB905M以毕赤酵母醇脱氢酶启动子(5AOX)和终止子(3AOX)的表达盒内,同时在其上游含有毕赤酵母α-因子的分泌信号肽,用甲醇诱导,可使PepA高效表达并分泌于培养基中。
3.酵母细胞的转化及谷氨酸氨肽酶(PepA)的诱导表达
取GS115感受态细胞,加入5μL(100ng)线性化的载体pHB905M-PepA(SalI酶切),混匀,将液体转让0.2cm的电转杯中。电压1.5kV,电容25μF,电阻400Ω,点击时间4.2s,进行转化。电转后的GS115细胞涂布MD培养基。28℃培养箱倒置培养,直至长出单个菌落。挑取单克隆,接种至含25mlBMGY250ml摇瓶中,28℃,250-300rpm培养至OD600=2-6(约16-18小时)。将25ml培养基接种至含1LBMGY的3-4L摇瓶中,28℃剧烈振荡(250-300rpm),至对数生长期(OD600=2-6)。用灭菌离心管,室温1500-3000g离心5min收集细胞。诱导表达时,去除上清,用BMMY重悬细胞至OD600=1.0(2-6L)。分装培养物至几个3-4L隔板摇瓶,用2层灭菌纱布或干酪包布盖住,放入摇床28℃继续培养。每24小时,加甲醇至0.5%浓度,直至到达最佳诱导时间。室温,1500-3000g离心5min,保留上清,置于4℃预冷,如需要可进行浓缩,SDS/PAGE观察蛋白的表达情况。如图3A所示,通过甲醇的诱导表达,PepA成功分泌至培养基中,单体的分子量大约为41kDa,与理论值一致,其表达量与诱导的时间正相关。
4.谷氨酸氨肽酶(PepA)的分离制备
将上述获得的上清装入适当大小的透析袋,对缓冲液(10mM Tris-HCl,200mMNaCl,pH8.0)透析,体积比为1:100,每4小时换一次透析液,透析24小时。将透析液装入超滤管(50ml),10000g离心10min。超滤管中加入10ml透析液,震荡5min,溶解蛋白,SDS/PAGE检测蛋白纯度,对蛋白定量。谷氨酸氨肽酶(PepA)天然状态下是由12个单体组成的寡聚体蛋白,分子量大约为480kDa左右。如图3B所示,我们用截留分子量为300-900kDa的超滤管一次离心超滤,可去除95%以上的杂蛋白,获得纯度为95%以上的谷氨酸氨肽酶(PepA),该纯度满足工业化生产的要求。蛋白定量表明该制备方法可获得大约400mg/L(表达上清)的PepA。
5.谷氨酸氨肽酶(PepA)的活力
原理:PepA特异性的水解以Glu/Asp为氨基的多肽,从氨基端(N)端切下Glu或ASP。本研究氨肽酶活力测定的经典方法测定了PepA的活性。合成了两种底物H-ASP-pNA和H-Glu-pNA,分别为天冬氨酸与对硝基苯胺(p-NA)及谷氨酸与p-NA通过肽键连接的产物,PepA可水解H-ASP-pNA和H-Glu-pNA的肽键,释放p-NA,p-NA为黄色物质,在405nm处有吸收,通过光分析,就可以对p-NA进行定量分析,可进一步计算出酶的活力。如图4A所示。
反应体系:200mlTris-HCl(50mM)含1mM底物(H-ASP-pNA或H-Glu-pNA),100mMNaCl,0.1mMCoCl2,3μgPepA,50℃水域中反应10min、20min、30min,用等体积醋酸终止反应。
定量方法:配制10μM、20μM、40μM、60μM、80μM、100μM的标准p-NA溶液,405nm测定吸光值,以浓度为横坐标,吸光值为纵坐标绘制标准曲线(图4B)。取上述反应液,405nm测定吸光值,将吸光值代入标准曲线,计算反应后生产p-NA的浓度,即可计算出酶的活力单位。酶活力定义为:每分钟催化1μmol的底物转化为产物所需要的酶量为一个单位(IU/mg)。由于该反应中生成p-NA的分子数与生成Asp和Glu的分子数相等,根据p-NA的浓度还可以计算出PepA生成Asp和Glu的转化率。
PepA反应不同时间,生成Asp和Glu的转化率如图4C及图4D所示。以反应10min产生p-NA的量计算酶的活力,对Asp-pNA的活力为28.6IU/mg,对Glu-pNA的活力为31.0IU/mg。
6.谷氨酸氨肽酶(PepA)最佳反应温度和最佳pH
200mlTris-HCl(50mM,pH8.0)含1mM底物(H-ASP-pNA或H-Glu-pNA),100mMNaCl,0.1mMCoCl2,3μgPepA,于10℃、20℃、30℃、40℃、50℃、60℃、70℃、80℃、90℃水浴中反应10min,用等体积醋酸终止反应。酶活力的定量测定方法如上所述,以酶活力最大值所对应的温度为酶的最佳反应温度。
配制不同pH范围的缓冲液,Glycine-HCl(pH2.0-5.0),醋酸钠(CH3COONa)缓冲液(pH6.0-8.0),Tris-HCl(pH8.0-9.0),Glycine-NaOH(pH9.0-11.0)。于200ml上述不同pH的缓冲体系中分别加入1mM底物(H-Asp-pNA或H-Glu-pNA),100mMNaCl,0.1mM CoCl2,3μgPepA,50℃水浴反应10min,酶活力的定量测定方法如上所述。以酶活力最大值所对应的pH为酶的最佳反应pH。
如图5所示,该酶最适温度为70℃,最佳pH为8.5。
综上所述,通过本发明的上述实施例,本发明实现了氨肽酶(PepA)在毕赤酵母中的分泌表达,提供了其分离纯化方法。本发明还提供了谷氨酸氨肽酶(PepA)生物学特性及其潜在应用价值。
以上具体实施例仅仅是对本发明的解释,其并不是对本发明的限制,本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改,但只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。
Claims (8)
1.一种谷氨酸氨肽酶,其特征是:所述谷氨酸氨肽酶为蛋白酶,所述谷氨酸氨肽酶的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
2.一种核苷酸片段,其特征是:所述核苷酸片段用于编码如权利要求1所述的谷氨酸氨肽酶。
3.权利要求2所述的核苷酸片段,其特征是:所述核苷酸片段的序列如SEQ ID NO:2所示。
4.一种重组表达载体,其特征是:所述表达载体为携带如权利要求2所述的核苷酸片段的表达载体。
5.权利要求4所述的重组表达载体,其特征是:所述重组表达载体为毕赤酵母表达载体pMB905M-PepA。
6.一种如权利要求1所述的谷氨酸氨肽酶的表达方法,其特征是:所述表达方法是通过在宿主细胞中转入如权利要求4所述的重组表达载体,进行高密度发酵并配合诱导剂诱导谷氨酸氨肽酶的表达。
7.如权利要求6所述的表达方法,其特征是:所述宿主细胞为毕赤酵母GS115。
8.如权利要求1所述的谷氨酸氨肽酶在食品工业中的应用。
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