CN116353320A

CN116353320A - Battery package quick change guider reaches trading electric vehicle including it

Info

Publication number: CN116353320A
Application number: CN202211308135.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张建平; 于新瑞; 仇丹梁
Original assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-15
Filing date: 2022-10-24
Publication date: 2023-06-30
Also published as: CN218805182U; CN116118466A; CN219096472U; CN218558546U; CN218577492U; CN218577493U; CN219007567U; CN218577494U; CN116118452A; CN116118453A; CN116118461A; CN218558547U; CN116118454A; CN218558548U; CN218577489U; CN116001548A; CN218558542U; CN116118469A; CN116353319A; CN219096474U

Abstract

The invention provides a battery pack quick-change guide device and a battery-change vehicle comprising the same, wherein the battery pack quick-change guide device is used for guiding a plurality of battery packs which are arranged in parallel along the length direction or the width direction of the battery-change vehicle to be vertically connected with the battery-change vehicle respectively through a bead expansion locking mode, and the bead expansion locking mode is simple to operate and high in locking reliability. The battery pack quick-change guiding device comprises first guiding units which are respectively arranged between each battery pack and the battery-change vehicle, wherein a main guiding mechanism of each first guiding unit is used for vertically guiding the battery packs when the battery packs are connected to the battery-change vehicle, so that the position relationship between the battery packs and the battery-change vehicle is quickly and effectively determined, a auxiliary guiding mechanism of each first guiding unit is used for being matched with the main guiding mechanism to limit the rotation of the battery packs in the horizontal plane, the positioning precision of the battery packs relative to the battery-change vehicle is improved, the rotation of the battery packs due to jolt or inertia of the vehicle is prevented, and the possibility of collision of the battery packs and the battery-change vehicle is reduced.

Description

Battery package quick change guider reaches trading electric vehicle including it

The present application claims priority from chinese patent application 202210837804.1, whose application date is 2022, month 07, and 15. The present application refers to the entirety of the above-mentioned chinese patent application.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of electric vehicle battery replacement, in particular to a battery pack quick-change guiding device and a battery replacement vehicle comprising the same.

Background

The existing battery pack mounting mode of the electric automobile is generally divided into fixed mounting and replaceable mounting, wherein the battery pack which is fixedly mounted is generally fixed on the automobile; the replaceable safety-rotating battery pack generally adopts a movable mounting mode, and the battery pack can be taken down at any time to be replaced or charged, and is mounted on the vehicle body after the replacement or charging is finished.

The existing electric heavy truck or light truck is provided with a battery pack which is arranged above a truck body, the battery pack is required to be disassembled and assembled from the upper part of the truck to realize power exchange during power exchange, the cost of the sling is high, the occupied space is large, the land cost and the equipment cost for building a station are increased, the weight of the battery pack is large, shaking is easy to occur in the hoisting process, the hoisting reliability is affected, and potential safety hazards exist. In addition, in the installation process of the battery pack, due to the reasons of parking deviation of the electric vehicle and the like, the positioning accuracy of the battery pack relative to the electric vehicle is reduced, the installation difficulty is improved, and the success rate of power conversion is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome at least one of the defects in the prior art and provides a battery pack quick-change guiding device and a battery-change vehicle comprising the same.

The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical scheme:

the battery pack quick-change guide device is used for guiding a plurality of battery packs which are arranged in parallel along the length direction or the width direction of a battery change vehicle to be vertically connected with the battery change vehicle in a bead expansion locking mode;

the battery pack quick-change guide device comprises first guide units which are respectively arranged between each battery pack and the electric vehicle, wherein each first guide unit comprises at least one main guide mechanism and auxiliary guide mechanisms matched with the main guide mechanisms;

the main guiding mechanism is used for vertical guiding when the battery pack is connected to the battery-changing vehicle, and the auxiliary guiding mechanism is used for limiting rotation of the battery pack in a horizontal plane in cooperation with the main guiding mechanism.

In this scheme, the mode operation of pearl locking rises is simple, and locking reliability is high. In the process of installing the battery pack, the main guiding mechanism can guide the battery pack in advance, so that the position relationship between the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle can be quickly and effectively determined, the positioning accuracy of the battery pack relative to the battery replacement vehicle is improved, the connection between the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle is convenient, the stability of the relative position of the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle in the moving process is ensured, the installation difficulty is reduced, and the success rate of battery replacement is improved. The main guiding mechanism and the auxiliary guiding mechanism cooperate to limit the rotation of the battery pack in the horizontal plane, so that the positioning precision of the battery pack relative to the battery-replacing vehicle is further improved, the rotation of the battery pack caused by jolt or inertia of the vehicle can be prevented, the possibility of collision between the battery pack and the battery-replacing vehicle is reduced, and the damage of the battery pack is avoided.

Preferably, the structure of the bead expansion locking mode comprises a bead expansion and a lock seat, and the bead expansion and the lock seat are detachably connected so as to independently lock the battery pack on a quick-change bracket or a vehicle beam of the battery replacement vehicle.

In this scheme, through the cooperation between pearl and the lock seat that rises, realize the pearl locking that rises between battery package and the change electric vehicle, be favorable to improving the reliability and the durability of locking.

Preferably, the expanding beads are arranged on the battery pack, and the lock seat is arranged on the quick-change bracket or the vehicle beam; or the lock seat is arranged on the battery pack, and the expansion beads are arranged on the quick-change bracket or the vehicle beam.

In this scheme, rise one of them setting of pearl and lock seat on the battery package, another setting is on trading electric vehicle to realize battery package and trading electric vehicle's connection through the cooperation of rising pearl and lock seat. Compared with the traditional clamping locking mode, T-shaped rotary locking mode and bolt type locking mode, the rising bead type locking mode can realize floating of the structure, reduce positioning errors of the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle, and improve the battery replacement efficiency.

Preferably, the expanding bead or the lock seat is arranged at the middle position of the battery pack, and the expanding bead or the lock seat penetrates through the battery pack.

In this scheme, above-mentioned setting is used for guaranteeing the stability that the battery package is connected with the replacement vehicle.

Preferably, the expanding bead or the lock seat is connected to the battery pack in a floating mode.

In this scheme, the floating connection can reduce the torque or the vibrations transmission to quick change support or roof beam when changing electric vehicle receives the turning distortion or jolt, and then makes quick change support or roof beam receive the influence of torque or vibrations to reduce.

Preferably, the expansion bead or the lock seat is connected to the quick-change bracket or the vehicle beam in a floating manner.

Preferably, the expanding bead comprises a connecting column and a plurality of locking balls, and the locking balls can move on the connecting column, so that the locking balls are exposed out of the outer surface of the connecting column or contract towards the inner part of the connecting column, and the locking balls are propped against and locked on the lock seat or the expanding bead and the lock seat are unlocked mutually.

In this scheme, realize locking ball and lock seat's cooperation through the removal of locking ball for the spliced pole, and then realize rising pearl and lock and unblock of lock seat.

Preferably, the expanding bead further comprises a driving assembly, wherein the driving assembly is arranged in the connecting column and connected with the locking ball, the lock seat is provided with a locking cavity for accommodating the connecting column and the locking ball, and the driving assembly is used for driving the locking ball to move between a locking position and an unlocking position;

when the locking ball is positioned at the locking position, the locking ball is exposed out of the outer surface of the connecting column and is clamped with the inner side wall of the locking cavity;

when the locking ball is located at the unlocking position, the locking ball contracts towards the inside of the connecting column and resets to the inside of the connecting column.

In the scheme, when the battery pack is required to be locked on the battery-changing vehicle, the connecting column and the locking ball can extend into the locking cavity, and the locking ball is driven by the driving assembly to extend out of the connecting column and be clamped with the inner side wall of the locking cavity, so that locking is realized; when the battery pack is required to be unlocked from the battery-powered vehicle, the locking ball is driven by the driving assembly to reset to the inside of the driving assembly, so that unlocking is realized. The locking and unlocking operations are simple and convenient, and the locking and unlocking efficiency of the battery pack is improved.

Preferably, the driving assembly comprises a driving bolt and a driving ball, the driving ball is arranged at one end of the driving bolt facing the locking ball, the driving ball is located in the connecting column and is in butt joint with the locking ball, an internal thread is arranged in the connecting column and matched with the driving bolt, and the driving bolt is used for controlling the driving ball to apply acting force to the locking ball so that the locking ball at least partially stretches out of the connecting column through adjusting the spiral length of the connecting column.

In the scheme, when the locking operation of the battery pack is performed, the driving bolt is rotated to enable the driving bolt to move towards the direction close to the driving ball relative to the connecting column, and the driving ball is continuously lifted, so that the driving ball can squeeze the locking ball, and the locking ball extends out of the connecting column and is clamped with the inner side wall of the locking cavity to realize locking; when the unlocking operation of the battery pack is carried out, the driving bolt is rotated along the opposite direction to enable the driving bolt to move away from the driving ball relative to the connecting column, the driving ball does not squeeze the locking ball after losing the external force action of the driving bolt, and the locking ball is reset into the connecting column to realize unlocking. Through the setting of drive bolt and drive ball for the locking and unlocking of pearl that rises are more convenient.

Preferably, the structure of the expanding bead locking mode further comprises an anti-rotation and anti-return structure, and the anti-rotation and anti-return structure is connected with the expanding bead and/or the lock seat so as to prevent relative rotation movement between the expanding bead and the lock seat.

In this scheme, prevent changeing the stopping structure and avoided rising pearl and lock seat and produce relative rotation when the cooperation, and then guaranteed the stability that battery package and trading car are connected.

Preferably, the anti-rotation anti-return structure achieves the purpose of limiting rotation of the expanding bead relative to the lock seat in a matching mode of one of ratchet pawls, expanding beads, clamping and meshing.

In this scheme, provide several kind and prevent rotating the concrete structure of stopping structure, realize the locking to the relative position of pearl and lock seat that rises through corresponding structure.

Preferably, the main guide mechanism is further used for limiting the movement of the battery pack in the horizontal direction, and the auxiliary guide mechanism is further used for vertical guide when the battery pack is connected to the battery-powered vehicle.

In this scheme, the removal of battery package along the horizontal direction is further restricted to leading guide mechanism, avoids the battery package to appear in the horizontal direction skew in the installation on the one hand, guarantees the battery package for the positioning accuracy of trading the electric vehicle, improves the electric success rate of trading, on the other hand also can prevent that the battery package from producing the removal in the horizontal direction because of reasons such as vehicle jolt or inertia, further reduces the possibility that battery package and trading the electric vehicle collide, avoids the battery package damage. The auxiliary guiding mechanism plays a vertical guiding role on the battery pack at the same time, improves the guiding effect of the first guiding unit on the battery pack, and improves the positioning accuracy and the power conversion success rate of the battery pack relative to the power conversion vehicle.

Preferably, the main guide mechanism includes a main guide pin extending in a vertical direction and a main guide hole engaged with the main guide pin, and the sub guide mechanism includes a sub guide pin extending in a vertical direction and a sub guide hole engaged with the sub guide pin; the primary guide pin mates with the primary guide hole and the secondary guide pin is clearance fit with the secondary guide hole.

In this scheme, through the cooperation in main guide pin and main guide hole, auxiliary guide pin and auxiliary guide hole, when realizing the direction to the battery package, also can restrict the removal on the battery package horizontal direction and the rotation on the horizontal plane, simple structure, with low costs, the reliability is high. The auxiliary guide pin is in clearance fit with the auxiliary guide hole, so that the auxiliary guide mechanism can prevent over-positioning when guiding the battery pack, the positioning precision of the first guide unit relative to the battery pack is reduced, the position precision of the first guide unit is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.

Preferably, the main guide pin is a round pin, and the main guide hole is a round hole;

the auxiliary guide pin is a round pin, and the auxiliary guide hole is a slotted hole; or the auxiliary guide pin is a chamfered edge pin, the auxiliary guide hole is a round hole, and the normal line of the positioning circular arc connecting line of the chamfered edge pin points to the center of the main guide pin.

In this scheme, main guide pin and main guide hole adopt the structure of round pin and round hole, and supplementary guide pin and supplementary guide hole adopt the structure of round pin and slotted hole, and on the one hand the cooperation is convenient, can realize the quick guide to the battery package, and the shape of slotted hole can reduce the cooperation precision of supplementary guide pin and supplementary guide hole to reduce the position precision of first guide unit. On the other hand, the round pin and the round hole have simple structure, convenient processing and lower cost. The auxiliary guide pin and the auxiliary guide hole adopt the structures of the chamfered edge pin and the round hole, so that a certain degree of freedom is reserved for the auxiliary guide pin, and the situation of over-positioning is avoided.

Preferably, one of the main guide pin and the main guide hole is provided to the battery pack, and the other is provided to the battery change vehicle; one of the auxiliary guide pin and the auxiliary guide hole is arranged on the battery pack, and the other is arranged on the battery change vehicle;

and/or two main guide mechanisms and two auxiliary guide mechanisms are respectively arranged, and the two main guide mechanisms and the two auxiliary guide mechanisms are arranged corresponding to four corner areas at the top of the battery pack;

and/or the main guiding mechanism and the auxiliary guiding mechanism are respectively provided with one, and the main guiding mechanism and the auxiliary guiding mechanism are arranged corresponding to two diagonal areas of the top of the battery pack;

And/or the free ends of the main guide pin and/or the auxiliary guide pin are provided with guide conical surfaces.

In this scheme, main guide pin and main guide hole, auxiliary guide pin and auxiliary guide hole locate battery package and change on the electric vehicle respectively correspondingly, can realize the location and the direction of battery package for changing the electric vehicle, reduce the installation degree of difficulty, improve and change the electric success rate. The four end corner areas of the battery pack are respectively provided with a main guide mechanism or a auxiliary guide mechanism, so that the guide and limit effects of the first guide unit on the battery pack can be enhanced. The main guiding mechanism and the auxiliary guiding mechanism are arranged in two diagonal areas of the battery pack, so that the guiding and limiting effects on the battery pack can be ensured while the number of the main guiding mechanism or the auxiliary guiding mechanism is reduced. The free ends of the main guide pins and/or the auxiliary guide pins are provided with guide conical surfaces, so that the main guide pins and/or the auxiliary guide pins can be guided into the corresponding main guide holes and auxiliary guide holes, and the guide reliability is improved.

Preferably, the battery pack quick-change guiding device further comprises second guiding units respectively arranged between each battery pack and the vehicle, each second guiding unit comprises at least one second guiding mechanism, each second guiding mechanism comprises a guiding groove and at least one guiding block which is opposite to the guiding groove and matched with the guiding groove, and one end of each guiding block, which faces the guiding groove, is provided with a guiding inclined surface.

In this scheme, the second guide unit is used for further realizing the direction to the battery package, through the cooperation of guide way and guide block, further improves the battery package for the positioning accuracy of trading the electric vehicle, improves and trades the electric success rate. One end of the guide block, which faces the guide groove, is provided with a guide inclined plane, so that the guide block and the guide inclined plane can be matched conveniently.

Preferably, the guide inclined planes are positioned on two sides of the guide block corresponding to the groove wall of the guide groove, and the guide inclined planes incline towards the inner side of the guide groove;

and/or two second guide mechanisms are arranged, the guide grooves of the two second guide mechanisms are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the two guide grooves are respectively positioned on two opposite sides of the battery pack in the length direction;

and/or the length direction of the guide groove is parallel to the length direction of the battery pack;

and/or, the battery pack is connected to the battery replacing vehicle through a plurality of locking devices, the locking devices comprise lock shaft assemblies and lock seats, the lock shaft assemblies and the lock seats are arranged between the battery pack and the battery replacing vehicle and are matched with each other, the lock shaft assemblies are expansion beads, and the guide inclined planes are formed on the expansion beads.

In this scheme, all set up the direction inclined plane in the both sides of guide block, realize the guide between guide block both sides and the guide way, further improve the guide effect. The guide grooves are formed in the two sides of the battery pack and matched with the guide blocks, so that the guide effect is further improved. The length direction of guide way is on a parallel with the length direction of battery package for the length of guide way can be designed longer, the effect of direction can be guaranteed. The detachable connection of the battery pack and the electric vehicle is realized through the matching of the expansion bead and the lock seat, the shape of the expansion bead is fully utilized to form a guide inclined plane, the space is saved, the guide block is not required to be arranged independently, the cost is reduced, and the structure is simpler.

Preferably, when the battery pack is connected with the electric vehicle, the main guide pin and the main guide hole of the first guide unit are coupled in advance of the guide groove and the guide block of the second guide unit, and the auxiliary guide pin and the auxiliary guide hole of the first guide unit are coupled in advance of the guide groove and the guide block of the second guide unit.

In the scheme, the first guide unit guides the battery pack before the second guide unit, so that the position correspondence of the guide groove and the guide block can be ensured in advance, and the guide block can smoothly enter the guide groove.

Preferably, the guide groove of the second guide mechanism is in clearance fit with the guide block.

In this scheme, above-mentioned setting makes things convenient for the guide block to get into the guide way in, avoids guide way and guide block card to die, reduces the position accuracy of both.

Preferably, the battery pack quick-change guiding device further comprises third guiding units respectively arranged between each battery pack and the vehicle for changing;

the battery pack is connected to the battery replacing vehicle through a plurality of locking devices, each locking device comprises a lock shaft assembly and a lock seat, the lock shaft assemblies and the lock seats are arranged between the battery pack and the battery replacing vehicle and are matched with each other, each lock shaft assembly is an expansion bead, each lock seat comprises a lock hole, each lock hole extends in the vertical direction, an opening is formed in one end of each lock hole in the extending direction, an expansion inclined surface gradually expanding outwards of each lock hole is formed in each opening, each expansion inclined surface is matched with each expansion bead to form a third guide mechanism, and each third guide unit is composed of a plurality of third guide mechanisms on each locking device.

In this scheme, realize battery package and change car's detachable connection through the cooperation of rising pearl and lock seat, third guiding mechanism is used for guiding rising pearl and gets into in the lockhole, makes things convenient for the lock seat to the locking of rising pearl. Each locking device is correspondingly provided with a third guide mechanism, so that each expansion bead can accurately enter a lock hole of the lock seat to be locked, and the locking effect is improved.

Preferably, the expansion inclined plane is an arc-shaped plane;

and/or, when the battery pack is connected with the vehicle, the guide groove and the guide block of the second guide mechanism are connected in a matched manner before the expansion inclined plane and the expansion bead of the third guide mechanism;

and/or, the guiding direction of the second guiding mechanism is perpendicular to the guiding direction of the third guiding mechanism.

In this scheme, the expansion inclined plane adopts the arcwall face, further improves the guide effect to the pearl that rises. The second guiding mechanism guides the battery pack before the third guiding mechanism, so that the positions of the expanding beads and the lock seat can be guaranteed to correspond in advance, and the expanding beads can smoothly enter the lock hole. The guiding direction of the second guiding mechanism is perpendicular to the guiding direction of the third guiding mechanism, and the battery packs are guided in different directions respectively, so that the guiding effect is improved.

Preferably, the battery pack quick-change guide device further includes first buffer members respectively disposed between each of the battery packs and the battery change vehicle:

the battery pack comprises a battery box for accommodating the battery module, and the first buffer piece is arranged at the top of the battery box;

and/or, the battery pack is connected to the battery replacing vehicle through a plurality of locking devices, each locking device comprises a lock shaft assembly and a lock seat, the lock shaft assemblies are arranged between the battery pack and the battery replacing vehicle and are matched with each other, the lock shaft assemblies are expanded beads, the lock seats are provided with locking holes matched with the expanded beads, one ends of the locking holes are provided with openings, and the first buffer parts are arranged on the lock seats and/or are arranged in the locking holes and are positioned at the other ends opposite to the openings.

In this scheme, first buffer structure is used for avoiding the top of battery package and trades the excessive collision of electric vehicle, prevents the damage of battery package. The first buffer structure is arranged at the top of the battery box, so that the installation space is large and the installation is convenient. The battery package is realized with changing the detachable connection of electric vehicle through the cooperation of pearl and lock seat that rises, and first buffer structure installs on the lock seat, can further slow down the impact force when rising the pearl and lock seat butt joint.

Preferably, a second buffer member is arranged between two adjacent battery packs.

In this scheme, the second buffer structure is used for avoiding the collision between battery package and the battery package.

The utility model provides a trade electric vehicle, trade electric vehicle includes vehicle body, quick change support and a plurality of battery package, the quick change support set up in on the vehicle body, a plurality of the battery package is through the guide of battery package quick change guider as described above, respectively vertical connect in on the quick change support.

In this scheme, the battery package is fixed on trading the electric vehicle through quick change support, carries out the subcontracting setting to the battery package, reduces the weight of single battery package, reduces the requirement to trading electric equipment, trades the electricity more nimble moreover. In addition, when a single battery pack is damaged, only the damaged battery pack needs to be correspondingly repaired or replaced, and the operation and use cost is low.

Preferably, the vehicle body is an electric truck, and the quick-change bracket is connected to a beam of the electric truck.

In this scheme, quick change support is connected with the roof beam of trading electric vehicle, and joint strength is high, and the connection can be high, can support the battery package better.

Preferably, the quick-change bracket is an integral quick-change bracket, and a plurality of corresponding battery pack accommodating areas are arranged in the integral quick-change bracket corresponding to the areas of the battery packs; or, the quick-change bracket comprises a plurality of split brackets, and the split brackets are respectively connected to the beam of the electric truck and correspond to the battery packs one by one.

In this scheme, above-mentioned setting makes every battery package all have independent installation space, can not collide or extrude each other. When the battery hanging frame is integrated, the integrity of the battery hanging frame is strong, and the connection with the battery pack assembly is firmer; when the battery hanger is split, the installation and arrangement are more flexible.

The invention has the positive progress effects that: the mode of the expanding bead locking is simple to operate, and the locking reliability is high. In the process of installing the battery pack, the main guiding mechanism can guide the battery pack in advance, so that the position relationship between the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle can be quickly and effectively determined, the positioning accuracy of the battery pack relative to the battery replacement vehicle is improved, the connection between the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle is convenient, the stability of the relative position of the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle in the moving process is ensured, the installation difficulty is reduced, and the success rate of battery replacement is improved. The main guiding mechanism and the auxiliary guiding mechanism cooperate to limit the rotation of the battery pack in the horizontal plane, so that the positioning precision of the battery pack relative to the battery-replacing vehicle is further improved, the rotation of the battery pack caused by jolt or inertia of the vehicle can be prevented, the possibility of collision between the battery pack and the battery-replacing vehicle is reduced, and the damage of the battery pack is avoided.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a battery-powered vehicle according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the quick-change bracket and the battery pack according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a quick-change bracket according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is another schematic perspective view of a quick-change bracket according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a battery pack according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the locking device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of another internal structure of the locking device of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the main guide pin and the main guide hole according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the auxiliary guide pin and the auxiliary guide hole according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a lock base according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a part of a quick-change bracket according to another embodiment 1 of the present invention in a side view.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view showing a part of the structure of another quick-change bracket according to embodiment 1 of the present invention in a bottom view.

Fig. 13 is a schematic perspective view of a battery pack according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view showing the configuration of the main guide pin and the main guide hole according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 15 is a schematic view showing the configuration of the auxiliary guide pin and the auxiliary guide hole according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 16 is a schematic structural view showing the positional relationship between the main guide pin and the auxiliary guide pin in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Reference numerals illustrate:

a vehicle body 1; a vehicle beam 11; a quick-change bracket 2; a battery pack accommodating region 21; a top plate 22; a projection 23; a through hole 24; a battery pack 3; a battery box 31; a frame 32; a main guide mechanism 41; a main guide pin 411; a main guide hole 412; an auxiliary guide mechanism 42; auxiliary guide pins 421; a secondary guide hole 422; a guide taper surface 43; a second guide mechanism 5; a guide groove 51; a guide block 52; a guide slope 521; a third guide unit 6; an expansion slope 61; expanding beads 7; a connection post 71; a locking hole 711; a connection post limit step 712; a locking ball 72; a drive bolt 73; a drive ball 74; a mounting sleeve 75; a first limit step 751; a second limit step 752; a lock base 8; a lock hole 81; locking chamber 82.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments are shown.

[ example 1 ]

As shown in fig. 1-5, the embodiment discloses a battery-powered vehicle, in particular an electric truck, which comprises a vehicle body 1, a quick-change bracket 2, a plurality of battery packs 3 and a battery pack quick-change guiding device, wherein the quick-change bracket 2 is arranged on the vehicle body 1, the plurality of battery packs 3 are vertically (namely, the height direction of the battery-powered vehicle is the Z direction in fig. 1) guided by the battery pack quick-change guiding device to be connected to the quick-change bracket 2, and then are connected with the vehicle body 1 by the quick-change bracket 2.

It should be noted that: the structure of the quick-change holder 2 and the battery pack 3 shown in fig. 1 of the present embodiment is not exactly the same as the structure of the quick-change holder 2 and the battery pack 3 shown in fig. 2 to 5, and fig. 1 is merely for the purpose of illustrating the positional relationship of the quick-change holder 2 and the battery pack 3 with respect to the vehicle body 1.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the quick-change bracket 2 is mounted on the vehicle beam 11 at the chassis position of the vehicle body 1, has high connection strength, can be connected high, and can better support the battery pack 3. Wherein, the quick-change bracket 2 can be fixed on the car beam 11 by a threaded connection mode and the like.

As shown in fig. 1, the plurality of battery packs 3 are arranged in the width direction (Y direction in fig. 1) of the battery-change vehicle and are each located below the vehicle beam 11 so as to avoid interference with the vehicle beam 11. In this embodiment, the battery packs 3 are sub-packaged, so that the weight of a single battery pack 3 is reduced, the requirement on the battery replacement equipment is reduced, and the battery replacement is more flexible. In addition, when a single battery pack 3 is damaged, only the damaged battery pack 3 needs to be repaired or replaced correspondingly, and the operation and use cost is low.

In the power exchange process, the power exchange equipment can enter the chassis position of the electric truck, and the battery pack 3 is vertically installed and detached from the bottom of the electric truck, so that the battery pack 3 is installed on the quick-change bracket 2, or the battery pack 3 is detached from the quick-change bracket 2, and the power exchange operation of the electric truck is realized.

In other alternative embodiments, the electric vehicle may be a small electric vehicle such as a passenger car.

In other alternative embodiments, the plurality of battery packs 3 may be arranged in the same direction as the width direction of the non-battery-change vehicle, for example, the length direction (X direction in fig. 1) of the battery-change vehicle, so as to facilitate the installation and removal of the battery packs 3.

In other alternative embodiments, the battery pack 3 may be directly secured to the vehicle frame 11 of the battery-powered vehicle without the quick-change bracket 2.

As shown in fig. 2-4, the quick-change bracket 2 in this embodiment is an integral quick-change bracket, and a plurality of corresponding battery pack accommodating areas 21 with downward openings are provided in the area corresponding to each battery pack 3, and each battery pack accommodating area 21 accommodates one battery pack 3, so that each battery pack 3 has an independent installation space, and cannot collide or be extruded with each other. Specifically, the number of battery packs 3 in the present embodiment is three, and the number of battery pack accommodating regions 21 is also three.

In other alternative embodiments, if the plurality of battery packs 3 are arranged along the length direction of the battery exchange vehicle, the quick-change bracket 2 is provided with a plurality of battery pack accommodation regions 21 along the length direction of the battery exchange vehicle.

In other alternative embodiments, instead of using an integral quick-change bracket, the quick-change bracket 2 may be a split-type quick-change bracket, where the split-type quick-change bracket includes a plurality of split-type brackets, and the split-type brackets are respectively connected to the beam 11 of the electric truck and form a plurality of battery pack accommodating areas 21, that is, each split-type bracket is connected to one battery pack 3, so that each battery pack 3 has an independent installation space, and is not mutually collided or extruded, and the installation and arrangement are more flexible. In order to further facilitate the fixing of the split type quick-change bracket, a plurality of split type brackets can also be connected with each other through connecting pieces.

As shown in fig. 2-7 and 10, the battery pack quick-change guiding device in this embodiment is used for guiding the battery pack 3 to be vertically connected with the quick-change bracket 2 of the battery-change vehicle in a bead-expanding locking manner. Specifically, the battery pack 3 is vertically connected to the quick-change bracket 2 through a plurality of locking devices, the locking devices are locked by using expansion beads, the operation is simple, and the locking reliability is high. Compared with the traditional clamping locking mode, T-shaped rotary locking mode and bolt type locking mode, the rising bead type locking mode can realize floating of the structure, reduce positioning errors of the battery pack 3 and the battery replacement vehicle, and improve the battery replacement efficiency.

As shown in fig. 2-9, the structure (locking device) of the expanding bead locking mode comprises a lock shaft assembly and a lock seat 8, wherein the lock shaft assembly comprises an expanding bead 7, and the battery pack 3 is independently locked on the quick-change bracket 2 of the battery-powered vehicle through detachable connection between the expanding bead 7 and the lock seat 8, so that the reliability and durability of locking are improved.

One of the expansion bead 7 or the lock seat 8 is arranged on the battery pack 3, and the other one of the expansion bead 7 or the lock seat 8 is arranged on the battery exchange vehicle. In this embodiment, all the expansion beads 7 are disposed on the battery pack 3, and all the lock bases 8 are disposed on the quick-change bracket 2.

In other alternative embodiments, all the expansion beads 7 may be provided on the quick-change holder 2, and all the lock holders 8 may be provided on the battery pack 3. Or, part of the expansion beads 7 are arranged on the battery pack 3, the corresponding part of the lock seats 8 are arranged on the quick-change bracket 2, the other part of the expansion beads 7 are arranged on the quick-change bracket 2, and the corresponding other part of the lock seats 8 are arranged on the quick-change bracket 2.

It should be noted that: the structures of the expansion bead 7 and the lock base 8 shown in fig. 2-5 may be identical to the structures of the expansion bead 7 and the lock base 8 shown in fig. 6, 7 and 10, or may not be identical to the structures of the expansion bead 7 and the lock base 8 shown in fig. 6, 7 and 10, and the structure of the lock base 8 shown in fig. 10 may be identical to the structure of the lock base 8 shown in fig. 6 and 7, or may not be identical to the structure of the lock base 8 shown in fig. 6 and 7, and fig. 6, 7 and 10 are only for illustrating the specific structures of the expansion bead 7 and the lock base 8, so as to facilitate the explanation of the locking device in this embodiment.

As shown in fig. 5, the battery pack 3 in the present embodiment includes a battery box 31 and a frame 32, the battery box 31 is used for accommodating a battery module, the frame 32 is disposed outside the battery box 31 and is located at two sides of the battery box 31 in the length direction of the battery-changing vehicle, and the expanded beads 7 are disposed on the frames 32 at two sides of the battery box 31 to avoid damage to the battery module inside the battery box 31.

In other alternative embodiments, the expansion bead 7 may be disposed at a middle position of the battery pack 3, that is, the expansion bead 7 may be disposed at a middle position of the battery box 31, so as to ensure the stability of connection between the battery pack 3 and the replacement vehicle. Under this state, the bead 7 that rises needs to run through the battery package 3 from bottom to top to realize that the lower extreme that rises the bead 7 cooperates with the battery replacement equipment, the upper end that rises the bead 7 cooperates with lock seat 8, and then realizes locking and unblock of battery package 3.

In other alternative embodiments, when the lock base 8 is provided on the battery pack 3, the lock base 8 may be provided on the frames 32 on both sides of the battery case 31, or may be provided at a middle position of the battery case 31. In this state, the lock seat 8 is required to penetrate the battery pack 3 from bottom to top, so that the lower end of the lock seat 8 is matched with the battery replacement device, the upper end of the lock seat 8 is matched with the expansion bead 7, and further locking and unlocking of the battery pack 3 are realized.

Further, the expansion beads 7 are connected to the battery pack 3 in a floating mode, and the lock seat 8 is connected to the quick-change bracket 2 in a floating mode. The floating connection can reduce the torque or vibration of the vehicle when the vehicle is subjected to steering torsion or jolt from being transmitted to the quick-change bracket 2, so that the influence of the torque or vibration on the quick-change bracket 2 is reduced.

In other alternative embodiments, the lock seat 8 may be connected to the battery pack 3 in a floating manner, and the expansion beads 7 may be connected to the quick-change bracket 2 in a floating manner.

In other alternative embodiments, the expansion bead 7 or the lock seat 8 may be directly connected to the beam 11 of the electric vehicle in a floating manner, so as to reduce the torque or vibration of the electric vehicle when the electric vehicle is subjected to steering torsion or jolt and transmit the torque or vibration to the beam 11, thereby reducing the influence of the torque or vibration on the beam 11.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the expanding bead 7 includes a connecting post 71 and a plurality of locking balls 72, and the locking balls 72 can move on the connecting post 71, so that the locking balls 72 are exposed out of the outer surface of the connecting post 71 or retract into the connecting post 71, so as to realize that the locking balls 72 are propped against and locked on the lock seat 8 or the expanding bead 7 and the lock seat 8 are mutually unlocked. In this embodiment, the locking ball 72 is matched with the lock seat 8 through the movement of the locking ball 72 relative to the connecting post 71, so as to lock and unlock the expansion bead 7 and the lock seat 8.

Specifically, when the locking operation of the battery pack 3 is performed, the locking balls 72 are driven to be partially exposed to the connection posts 71 and engaged with the inner side walls of the locking chambers 82 of the lock base 8, thereby achieving locking; when the unlocking operation of the battery pack 3 is performed, the locking balls 72 are reset to the inside of the connecting column 71, so that the expansion beads 7 are separated from the lock seats 8, and unlocking is achieved. Through the structure, the locking and unlocking of the expansion bead 7 and the lock seat 8 are more convenient and quicker.

In this embodiment, the connection post 71 is a hollow post, and the connection post 71 is provided with a plurality of locking holes 711, the locking holes 711 are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the locking balls 72, and the diameter of the locking holes 711 is smaller than that of the locking balls 72, so that the locking balls 72 can be partially exposed to the connection post 71 through the locking holes 711, and cannot completely slip out of the connection post 71.

The number of the locking balls 72 in the present embodiment is two, and the two locking balls 72 are disposed at opposite sides of the connecting post 71. In other alternative embodiments, the number of the locking balls 72 may be one or more, so long as the locking effect of the expansion beads 7 and the lock base 8 is ensured.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the expanding bead 7 further includes a driving assembly provided inside the connection post 71 and connected to the locking ball 72, and the lock base 8 has a locking chamber 82 for accommodating the connection post 71 and the locking ball 72, and the driving assembly is used for driving the locking ball 72 to move between a locking position and an unlocking position. When the locking ball 72 is at the locking position, the locking ball 72 is exposed out of the outer surface of the connecting post 71 and is clamped with the inner side wall of the locking cavity 82; when the lock ball 72 is in the unlock position, the lock ball 72 is retracted toward the inside of the connection post 71 and is reset to the inside of the connection post 71.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the driving assembly further includes a driving bolt 73 and a driving ball 74, the driving ball 74 is disposed at an end of the driving bolt 73 facing the locking ball 72, the driving ball 74 is disposed in the connecting post 71 and abuts against the locking ball 72, an internal thread is disposed in the connecting post 71, the internal thread is matched with the driving bolt 73, and the driving bolt 73 controls the driving ball 74 to apply a force to the locking ball 72 to enable the locking ball 72 to at least partially extend out of a locking hole 711 in the connecting post 71 by adjusting a screw length of the connecting post 71. The arrangement of the driving bolt 73 and the driving ball 74 in the embodiment makes the locking and unlocking of the expanding beads 7 more convenient.

In this embodiment, the structure of the bead locking mode further includes an anti-rotation and anti-back structure, and the anti-rotation and anti-back structure is connected to the bead 7 to prevent relative rotation between the bead 7 and the lock seat 8, so as to ensure the stability of connection between the battery pack 3 and the vehicle.

In other alternative embodiments, an anti-rotation stop feature may be coupled to the lock base 8 to prevent relative rotational movement between the tension bead 7 and the lock base 8.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the expanding bead 7 further includes a mounting sleeve 75, the mounting sleeve 75 is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the connecting post 71, and the expanding bead 7 is connected with the battery pack 3 through the mounting sleeve 75. The outer peripheral surface of the connecting column 71 is provided with a connecting column limiting step 712, the connecting column limiting step 712 extends outwards from the outer peripheral surface of the connecting column 71, the inner peripheral surface of the mounting sleeve 75 is provided with a first limiting step 751 and a second limiting step 752, the first limiting step 751 and the second limiting step 752 extend inwards from the inner peripheral surface of the mounting sleeve 75, the connecting column limiting step 712 is clamped between the first limiting step 751 and the second limiting step 752, the two axial end surfaces of the connecting column limiting step 712 are respectively abutted with the first limiting step 751 and the second limiting step 752, so that the movement of the connecting column 71 in the axial direction is limited, the rotation of the connecting column in the circumferential direction can be limited through the surface friction force between the connecting column limiting step 712 and the first limiting step 751 and the second limiting step 752, and the relative rotation of the expanding bead 7 and the lock seat 8 is further prevented.

In other alternative embodiments, the anti-rotation anti-back structure may also limit the relative rotation between the expansion bead 7 and the lock seat 8 by means of a ratchet, a pawl, and/or an expansion bead, and/or a snap, and/or a mesh. More specifically, the rotation of the drive bolt 73 relative to the lock base 8 is restricted by the above-described engagement manner, so that the relative rotation between the expansion bead 7 and the lock base 8 is restricted.

The following is a brief description of the locking and unlocking process of the battery pack 3 and the quick-change bracket 2 based on the specific mechanism of the locking device in the above.

In the locking process, the driving bolt 73 is rotated to enable the driving bolt 73 to move towards the direction close to the driving ball 74 relative to the connecting column 71, and the driving ball 74 is continuously lifted, so that the driving ball 74 can press the locking ball 72, and the locking ball 72 extends out of the connecting column 71 and is clamped with the inner side wall of the locking cavity 82, so that locking is achieved.

In the unlocking process, the driving bolt 73 is rotated in the opposite direction to enable the driving bolt 73 to move away from the driving ball 74 relative to the connecting column 71, after the driving ball 74 loses the external force action of the driving bolt 73, the locking ball 72 is not pressed any more, and the locking ball 72 is reset into the connecting column 71, so that unlocking is achieved.

As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the battery pack quick-change guide device includes first guide units respectively disposed between each battery pack 3 and the battery change vehicle, that is, the first guide units are disposed between each battery pack 3 and the battery pack accommodating area 21 of the corresponding quick-change bracket 2, so as to guide the vertical connection of each battery pack 3 with respect to the quick-change bracket 2.

As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the first guide unit includes a main guide mechanism 41 and a sub guide mechanism 42 engaged with the main guide mechanism 41.

The main guiding mechanism 41 is used for vertically guiding the battery pack 3 when being connected to the battery replacement vehicle, the main guiding mechanism 41 can guide the battery pack 3 in advance in the process of installing the battery pack 3, the position relationship between the battery pack 3 and the battery replacement vehicle can be quickly and effectively determined, the positioning accuracy of the battery pack 3 relative to the battery replacement vehicle is improved, the connection of the battery pack 3 and the battery replacement vehicle is convenient, the relative position stability of the battery pack 3 and the battery replacement vehicle in the moving process is ensured, the installation difficulty is reduced, and the battery replacement success rate is improved.

In addition, the main guiding mechanism 41 is further used for limiting the movement of the battery pack 3 along the horizontal direction, so that on one hand, the deviation of the battery pack 3 in the horizontal direction in the installation process is avoided, the positioning accuracy of the battery pack 3 relative to the battery exchange vehicle is ensured, the success rate of the battery exchange is improved, on the other hand, the movement of the battery pack 3 in the horizontal direction due to jolt or inertia of the vehicle is prevented, the possibility of collision between the battery pack 3 and the battery exchange vehicle is further reduced, and the damage of the battery pack 3 is avoided.

The auxiliary guiding mechanism 42 is used for limiting the rotation of the battery pack 3 in the horizontal plane in cooperation with the main guiding mechanism 41, so that the positioning precision of the battery pack 3 relative to the battery change vehicle is further improved, the rotation of the battery pack 3 caused by jolt or inertia of the vehicle can be prevented, the possibility of collision between the battery pack 3 and the battery change vehicle is reduced, and the damage of the battery pack 3 is avoided.

In addition, the auxiliary guiding mechanism 42 is also used for vertical guiding when the battery pack 3 is connected to the battery change vehicle, vertical connection guiding to the battery pack 3 is completed together with the main guiding mechanism 41, the guiding effect of the first guiding unit to the battery pack 3 is improved, and the positioning accuracy and the battery change success rate of the battery pack 3 relative to the battery change vehicle are improved.

As shown in fig. 4, the number of the main guide mechanisms 41 and the auxiliary guide mechanisms 42 in the present embodiment is two, and the two main guide mechanisms 41 and the two auxiliary guide mechanisms 42 are respectively provided at four corner regions at the top of the battery pack 3. The present embodiment provides a plurality of main guide mechanisms 41 and auxiliary guide mechanisms 42 capable of enhancing the guiding and limiting effects of the first guide unit on the battery pack 3.

In other alternative embodiments, the number of primary and

secondary guide mechanisms

41, 42 may be one or more, and the number of primary and

secondary guide mechanisms

41, 42 may be the same or different. When the first guide unit includes only one main guide mechanism 41 and one auxiliary guide mechanism 42, it is preferable that one main guide mechanism 41 and one auxiliary guide mechanism 42 are respectively provided at two diagonal areas of the top of the battery pack 3, so that the guiding and limiting effects on the battery pack 3 can be ensured while the number of main guide mechanisms 41 or auxiliary guide mechanisms 42 is small.

As shown in fig. 4, 5, 8 and 9, the main guide mechanism 41 includes a main guide pin 411 extending in the vertical direction and a main guide hole 412 that mates with the main guide pin 411, the main guide pin 411 mating with the main guide hole 412. The sub guide mechanism 42 includes a sub guide pin 421 extending in a vertical direction and a sub guide hole 422 fitted with the sub guide pin 421, the sub guide pin 421 being clearance-fitted with the sub guide hole 422.

In this embodiment, through the cooperation of the main guide pin 411 and the main guide hole 412 and the cooperation of the auxiliary guide pin 421 and the auxiliary guide hole 422, the movement of the battery pack 3 in the horizontal direction and the rotation on the horizontal plane can be limited while the guidance of the battery pack 3 is realized, and the structure is simple, the cost is low, and the reliability is high. The auxiliary guide pin 421 is in clearance fit with the auxiliary guide hole 422, so that the auxiliary guide mechanism 42 can prevent over-positioning while guiding the battery pack 3, the positioning precision of the first guide unit relative to the battery pack 3 is reduced, the position precision of the first guide unit is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the main guide hole 412 and the auxiliary guide hole 422 in the present embodiment are all disposed on the battery pack 3, and the main guide pin 411 and the auxiliary guide pin 421 are all disposed on the quick-change bracket 2 of the electric truck, so as to realize positioning and guiding of the battery pack 3 relative to the quick-change bracket 2, reduce the installation difficulty, and improve the success rate of power exchange.

In other alternative embodiments, the main guide hole 412 and the auxiliary guide hole 422 may be provided on the quick-change bracket 2, and the main guide pin 411 and the auxiliary guide pin 421 may be provided on the battery pack 3; or the main guide hole 412 and the auxiliary guide pin 421 are both provided on the quick-change bracket 2, and the main guide pin 411 and the auxiliary guide hole 422 are both provided on the battery pack 3; or the main guide pin 411 and the auxiliary guide hole 422 are both provided on the quick-change bracket 2, and the main guide hole 412 and the auxiliary guide pin 421 are both provided on the battery pack 3; or a part of the main guide hole 412, the auxiliary guide hole 422, the main guide pin 411 and the auxiliary guide pin 421 are provided on both the quick-change bracket 2 and the battery pack 3. In this embodiment, the main guide hole 412 and the auxiliary guide hole 422 are both disposed on the battery pack 3, and the main guide pin 411 and the auxiliary guide pin 421 are both disposed on the quick-change bracket 2 of the electric truck, so as to avoid interference between the main guide pin 411 and/or the auxiliary guide pin 421 mounted on the battery pack 3 and other structures on the electric truck during the mounting process of the battery pack 3, and improve the reliability of power exchange.

As shown in fig. 4 and 8, the main guide pin 411 in the present embodiment is a circular pin, the main guide hole 412 is a circular hole, the outer diameter of the main guide pin 411 is approximately the same as the aperture of the main guide hole 412, and the outer diameter of the main guide pin 411 is only slightly smaller than the aperture of the main guide hole 412, so as to facilitate insertion into the main guide hole 412 and restrict movement of the battery pack 3 in the horizontal direction. The main guide pin 411 and the main guide hole 412 adopt the structures of a round pin and a round hole, so that on one hand, the structure is convenient to match, and the quick guide of the battery pack 3 can be realized, and on the other hand, the structure of the round pin and the round hole is simple, the processing is convenient, and the cost is lower.

Specifically, during the installation of the battery pack 3, the main guide pin 411 can move the battery pack 3 only in the extending direction (i.e., the vertical direction) of the main guide pin 411, and when there is a tendency for the battery pack 3 to move in the horizontal direction, the main guide pin 411 can abut against the wall of the main guide hole 412 to restrict the movement of the battery pack 3 in the horizontal direction.

As shown in fig. 4 and 9, the auxiliary guide pin 421 in the present embodiment is a circular pin, the auxiliary guide hole 422 is an oblong hole, the width of the auxiliary guide hole 422 is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the auxiliary guide pin 421, and the outer diameter of the auxiliary main guide pin 411 is only slightly smaller than the width of the auxiliary guide hole 422, so as to facilitate insertion into the auxiliary guide hole 422 and to restrict movement of the battery pack 3 in the width direction of the auxiliary guide hole 422. The length of the auxiliary guide hole 422 is greater than the outer diameter of the auxiliary guide pin 421, so that the fitting accuracy of the auxiliary guide pin 421 and the auxiliary guide hole 422 can be reduced, thereby reducing the position accuracy of the first guide unit. The width direction of the oblong hole is parallel to the width direction of the battery-changing vehicle, and the length direction of the oblong hole is parallel to the length direction of the battery-changing vehicle.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, one ends of the main guide pin 411 and the auxiliary guide pin 421 facing the battery pack 3 are free ends, and the free ends of the main guide pin 411 and the auxiliary guide pin 421 are provided with guide tapered surfaces 43, and the guide tapered surfaces 43 gradually incline downwards from outside to inside to guide the main guide pin 411 and the auxiliary guide pin 421 into the corresponding main guide hole 412 and auxiliary guide hole 422, thereby improving the reliability of the guide. In other alternative embodiments, the free ends of the primary 411 and/or secondary 421 guide pins may be provided without guide tapers 43.

As shown in fig. 4, 6 and 7, the battery pack quick-change guide device further includes second guide units respectively disposed between each battery pack 3 and the battery change vehicle, that is, the second guide units are disposed between each battery pack 3 and the battery pack accommodating area 21 of the corresponding quick-change bracket 2, so as to guide the vertical connection of each battery pack 3 with respect to the quick-change bracket 2.

As shown in fig. 4, 6 and 7, the second guide unit includes a second guide mechanism 5, the second guide mechanism 5 includes a guide groove 51 and a plurality of guide blocks 52 disposed opposite to and fitted with the guide groove 51, the guide groove 51 is disposed on the quick-change bracket 2, and the guide blocks 52 are disposed on the battery pack 3. The guide block 52 can be received in the guide groove 51 when the battery pack 3 is mounted on the quick-change bracket 2. According to the embodiment, through the matching of the guide groove 51 and the guide block 52, the battery pack 3 is guided along the groove width direction and the groove length direction (namely the width direction and the length direction of the battery exchange vehicle) of the guide groove 51, and the positioning precision of the battery pack 3 and the quick-change bracket 2 is improved.

Further, the guide groove 51 is in clearance fit with the guide block 52, for example, a single-side clearance between the guide block 52 and an inner wall surface of the guide groove 51 in a groove width direction and a groove length of the guide groove 51 may be 1mm, so that the guide block 52 can conveniently enter the guide groove 51, the guide groove 51 and the guide block 52 are prevented from being blocked, and position accuracy of the guide groove 51 and the guide block 52 is reduced.

Further, the battery pack quick-change guide device further comprises first buffer members respectively arranged between each battery pack 3 and the vehicle for changing, the first buffer members comprise first buffer units, and the first buffer units are arranged between the top of the mounting sleeve 75 and the lock seat 8 so as to prevent the battery pack 3 from colliding with the lock seat 8 in the lifting process and prevent the battery pack 3 from being damaged.

In other alternative embodiments, the first buffer unit may not be separately provided.

In other alternative embodiments, the number of guide blocks 52 may be one.

As shown in fig. 4, the number of the second guide mechanisms 5 in the second guide unit in the present embodiment is two, thereby further improving the guide effect. The guide grooves 51 of the two second guide mechanisms 5 are arranged at intervals in parallel, the two guide grooves 51 are respectively located at two opposite sides of the length direction of the battery pack 3 (namely the length direction of the battery exchange vehicle), and the length direction of the guide grooves 51 is parallel to the length direction of the battery pack 3, so that the length of the guide grooves 51 can be designed longer, and the guiding effect is ensured.

In other alternative embodiments, the number of second guiding mechanisms 5 in one second guiding unit may be one or more, designed according to the actual requirements.

In other alternative embodiments, the guide grooves 51 may be provided on both sides or one side of the battery pack 3 in the width direction (i.e., the width direction of the battery exchange vehicle), and the length direction of the guide grooves 51 corresponds to the width direction of the battery exchange vehicle, and the groove width direction of the guide grooves 51 corresponds to the length direction of the battery exchange vehicle. Alternatively, the guide grooves 51 may be provided in both the longitudinal direction and the width direction of the battery pack 3.

In other alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 11 and 12, the guide groove 51 may be located below the top plate 22 instead of being directly formed on the top plate 22 of the quick-change bracket 2. Specifically, the quick-change bracket 2 further includes a protruding portion 23 formed by extending downward from the lower end surface of the top plate 22, a guiding groove 51 with a downward opening is formed in the protruding portion 23, a through hole 24 for the locking member to pass through is formed in the top plate 22, and the through hole 24 is communicated with the guiding groove 51, so that the locking member can further pass through the through hole 24 after entering the guiding groove 51, and connection with the locking mechanism is achieved. Wherein, the width of the through hole 24 in the width direction of the vehicle can be equal to or slightly smaller than the width of the guide groove 51 in the width direction of the vehicle, and when the width of the through hole 24 in the width direction of the vehicle is smaller than the width of the guide groove 51 in the width direction of the vehicle, the gap between the guide groove 51 and the guide block 52 can be properly increased, and the clearance fit is also adopted between the guide block 52 and the through hole 24 to ensure that the guide block 52 is not jammed with the through hole 24.

As shown in fig. 6, one end of the guide block 52 facing the guide groove 51 is provided with a guide inclined plane 521, specifically, the guide block 52 in this embodiment has a circular structure, one end of the guide block 52 corresponding to the groove wall of the guide groove 51 is circumferentially provided with the guide inclined plane 521, the guide inclined plane 521 inclines towards the inner side of the guide groove 51, and guiding between two sides of the guide block 52 and the guide groove 51 is achieved, so that guiding effect is further improved. In this embodiment, the matching of the guide groove 51 and the guide block 52 further improves the positioning accuracy of the battery pack 3 relative to the battery replacement vehicle, and improves the success rate of battery replacement. A guide slope 521 is provided at an end of the guide block 52 facing the guide groove 51 to facilitate the engagement of the two.

In other alternative embodiments, when the guide block 52 has a square structure, one guide slope 521 may be provided on each side of the guide block 52 corresponding to the groove wall of the guide groove 51, or only one side of the guide block 52 may be provided with the guide slope 521.

As shown in fig. 6, the connecting post 71 of each expansion bead 7 naturally forms a guiding inclined plane 521 towards one end of the lock base 8, and the embodiment fully utilizes the shape of the connecting post 71 to form the guiding inclined plane 521, so that the space is saved, the cost is reduced, and the structure is simpler.

In other alternative embodiments, the guide groove 51 may be provided on the battery pack 3, and the guide block 52 may be provided on the quick-change bracket 2.

As shown in fig. 10, the battery pack quick-change guide device further includes third guide units 6 respectively disposed between each battery pack 3 and the battery change vehicle, that is, the third guide units 6 are disposed between each battery pack 3 and the battery pack accommodating area 21 of the corresponding quick-change bracket 2, so as to guide the vertical connection of each battery pack 3 with respect to the quick-change bracket 2.

As shown in fig. 10, the lock base includes a lock hole 81, the lock hole 81 extends along a vertical direction, an opening is provided at one end along the extending direction, an expanding inclined surface 61 gradually expanding outwards of the lock hole 81 is formed in the opening, and the expanding inclined surface 61 and the expanding beads 7 cooperate to form a third guiding mechanism, so that the battery pack 3 is guided in the vertical direction. The third guide unit 6 is composed of a plurality of third guide mechanisms on the locking device. In this embodiment, the battery pack 3 is detachably connected with the battery changing vehicle through the cooperation of the expansion bead 7 and the lock seat 8, and the third guiding mechanism is used for guiding the connecting column 71 of the expansion bead 7 to enter the lock hole 81, so that the lock seat 8 is convenient for locking the expansion bead 7. Each locking device is correspondingly provided with a third guide mechanism, so that the connecting column 71 of each expansion bead 7 can accurately enter the lock hole 81 of the lock seat 8 to be locked, and the locking effect is improved.

In this embodiment, the locking hole 81 of the lock base 8 is the locking cavity 82.

The guiding direction of the second guiding mechanism 5 is perpendicular to the guiding direction of the third guiding mechanism, and the battery pack 3 is guided in different directions respectively, so that the guiding effect is improved.

As shown in fig. 10, the expansion slope 61 in the present embodiment is an arc surface, further improving the guiding effect on the expansion bead 7. In other alternative embodiments, the expansion ramp 61 may also be planar.

When the battery pack 3 is connected with the replacement vehicle, the first guiding of the battery pack 3 is performed by the first guiding unit, and the horizontal guiding and limiting of the battery pack 3 are performed by the matching of the main guiding pin 411 and the main guiding hole 412, and the matching of the auxiliary guiding pin 421 and the auxiliary guiding hole 422. Next, the battery pack 3 is guided by the second guide unit for the second time, and the position of the battery pack 3 in the width direction and the length direction of the battery exchange vehicle is further defined by the cooperation of the guide grooves 51 and the guide blocks 52. Then, the battery pack 3 is guided for the third time by the third guiding unit 6, and the expanding inclined surface 61 and the expanding beads 7 are matched.

In the present embodiment, the first guide unit guides the battery pack 3 prior to the second guide unit, and the positions of the guide grooves 51 and the guide blocks 52 can be ensured in advance so that the guide blocks 52 can smoothly enter the guide grooves 51. The second guiding mechanism 5 guides the battery pack 3 before the third guiding mechanism, so that the positions of the expansion beads 7 and the lock seat 8 can be guaranteed to correspond in advance, and the expansion beads 7 can smoothly enter the lock hole 81.

As shown in fig. 4, the main guide holes 412, the auxiliary guide holes 422 and the beads 7 are provided on the frame 32 to avoid damage to the battery module inside the battery case 31.

Further, the first buffer member further comprises a second buffer unit, and the second buffer unit is disposed in the lock hole 81 and located at the other end opposite to the opening, so as to further slow down the impact force generated when the expansion bead 7 and the lock seat 8 are in butt joint.

In other alternative embodiments, the second buffer unit may not be separately provided.

In other alternative embodiments, the first buffer member may further include a third buffer unit disposed at the top of the battery box 31, where the third buffer unit is used to avoid collision between the top and the quick-change bracket 2 when the battery pack 3 is lifted, so as to prevent the battery pack 3 from being damaged.

Further, a second buffer may be provided between adjacent two battery packs 3 to avoid collision between the battery packs 3 and the battery packs 3.

In other alternative embodiments, the first guide unit, the second guide unit, and the third guide unit may be implemented separately or in any two-by-two combination.

[ example 2 ]

The structure of the battery pack quick-change guide device and the battery-change vehicle in this embodiment is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, except that:

As shown in fig. 13, in this embodiment, the main guide pin 411 and the auxiliary guide pin 421 are respectively provided in two diagonal areas at the top of the battery pack 3, so that the guiding and limiting effects on the battery pack 3 can be ensured while the number of the main guide mechanisms 41 or the auxiliary guide mechanisms 42 is small.

As shown in fig. 14, the main guide pin 411 and the auxiliary guide pin 421 are both disposed on the battery pack 3, and hollow columns are correspondingly disposed on the quick-change bracket 2 to form a main guide hole 412 and an auxiliary guide hole 422 which are matched with the main guide pin 411 and the auxiliary guide pin 421, so that the battery pack 3 is positioned and guided relative to the quick-change bracket 2, the installation difficulty is reduced, and the success rate of power exchange is improved.

As shown in fig. 15, the main guide pin 411 in the present embodiment is a circular pin, the main guide hole 412 is a circular hole, the outer diameter of the main guide pin 411 is approximately the same as the aperture of the main guide hole 412, and the outer diameter of the main guide pin 411 is only slightly smaller than the aperture of the main guide hole 412, so as to facilitate insertion into the main guide hole 412 and restrict movement of the battery pack 3 in the horizontal direction. The main guide pin 411 and the main guide hole 412 adopt the structures of a round pin and a round hole, so that on one hand, the structure is convenient to match, and the quick guide of the battery pack 3 can be realized, and on the other hand, the structure of the round pin and the round hole is simple, the processing is convenient, and the cost is lower.

As shown in fig. 16, the auxiliary guide pin 421 in this embodiment is a chamfered edge pin, specifically a diamond pin, the auxiliary guide hole 422 is a round hole, the long edge of the chamfered edge pin is approximately the same as the aperture of the auxiliary guide hole 422, and the long edge of the chamfered edge pin is only slightly smaller than the aperture of the auxiliary guide hole 422, so as to facilitate insertion into the auxiliary guide hole 422. The cooperation of edging round pin and round hole for restrict the rotatory degree of freedom in the horizontal plane of battery package 3, and can reserve certain degree of freedom for auxiliary guide pin 421 when auxiliary guide hole 422 cooperates simultaneously, avoided appearing the condition of location.

In other alternative embodiments, pins of other shapes that perform the above function may be selected as the chamfered pins.

Further, as shown in fig. 16, the normal line m of the positioning arc connecting line of the edging pin points to the center of the main guide pin 411, so that the guiding and limiting effects are further improved. Here, fig. 16 shows only the positional relationship between the normal line m of the positioning circular arc connecting line of the trimming pin and the center of the main guide pin 411 for clarity, and does not represent the actual distance of the main guide pin 411 and the auxiliary guide pin 421 as shown in fig. 16.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are all based on the orientation or positional relationship of the device or component when in normal use, and are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and to simplify the description, rather than to indicate or imply that the device or component in question must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such changes and modifications are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The battery pack quick-change guiding device is characterized by being used for guiding a plurality of battery packs which are arranged in parallel along the length direction or the width direction of a battery change vehicle to be vertically connected with the battery change vehicle in a bead expansion locking mode;

2. The battery pack quick change guide device according to claim 1, wherein the structure of the expanding bead locking mode comprises an expanding bead and a lock seat, and the expanding bead and the lock seat are detachably connected to realize independent locking of the battery pack on a quick change bracket or a vehicle beam of the battery change vehicle.

3. The battery pack quick change guide device according to claim 2, wherein the expansion beads are arranged on the battery pack, and the lock seat is arranged on the quick change bracket or the vehicle beam; or the lock seat is arranged on the battery pack, and the expansion beads are arranged on the quick-change bracket or the vehicle beam.

4. The quick change guide device for a battery pack according to claim 3, wherein the expansion bead or the lock seat is arranged at the middle position of the battery pack, and the expansion bead or the lock seat penetrates through the battery pack.

5. A battery pack quick change guide as claimed in claim 3 wherein said tension bead or said lock base is floatingly attached to said battery pack.

6. A battery pack quick change guide as claimed in claim 3 wherein said tension bead or said lock base is floatingly attached to said quick change bracket or said vehicle beam.

7. The quick change guide device for a battery pack according to claim 2, wherein the expansion bead comprises a connecting column and a plurality of locking balls, the locking balls can move on the connecting column, so that the locking balls are exposed out of the outer surface of the connecting column or retract into the connecting column, and the locking balls are locked on the lock seat in a propping manner or the expansion bead and the lock seat are unlocked from each other.

8. The battery pack quick change guide as claimed in claim 7, wherein the expansion bead further comprises a driving assembly provided inside the connection post and connected to the locking ball, the locking seat having a locking chamber for receiving the connection post and the locking ball, the driving assembly for driving the locking ball to move between a locking position and an unlocking position;

9. The battery pack quick change guide as claimed in claim 8, wherein the driving assembly comprises a driving bolt and a driving ball, the driving ball is disposed at one end of the driving bolt facing the locking ball, the driving ball is disposed in the connecting column and abuts against the locking ball, an internal thread is disposed in the connecting column, the internal thread is matched with the driving bolt, and the driving bolt controls the driving ball to apply a force to the locking ball to enable the locking ball to extend out of the connecting column at least partially by adjusting the spiral length of the connecting column.

10. The battery pack quick change guide apparatus of claim 2, wherein the structure of the expanding bead locking means further comprises an anti-rotation and anti-back structure connected to the expanding bead and/or the lock base to prevent relative rotational movement between the expanding bead and the lock base.

11. The battery pack quick change guide device according to claim 10, wherein the anti-rotation stop structure is configured to limit rotation of the expansion bead relative to the lock base by one of a ratchet pawl, an expansion bead, a snap fit, and engagement.

12. The battery pack quick change guide apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the primary guide mechanism is further adapted to restrict movement of the battery pack in a horizontal direction, and the secondary guide mechanism is further adapted to vertically guide the battery pack when connected to the battery change vehicle.

13. The battery pack quick change guide device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the main guide mechanism includes a main guide pin extending in a vertical direction and a main guide hole engaged with the main guide pin, and the sub guide mechanism includes a sub guide pin extending in a vertical direction and a sub guide hole engaged with the sub guide pin; the primary guide pin mates with the primary guide hole and the secondary guide pin is clearance fit with the secondary guide hole.

14. The battery pack quick change guide apparatus of claim 13, wherein the main guide pin is a circular pin and the main guide hole is a circular hole;

15. The battery pack quick change guide apparatus of claim 13, wherein one of the main guide pin and the main guide hole is provided to the battery pack, and the other is provided to the battery change vehicle; one of the auxiliary guide pin and the auxiliary guide hole is arranged on the battery pack, and the other is arranged on the battery change vehicle;

16. The battery pack quick change guide device according to claim 13, further comprising second guide units respectively arranged between each battery pack and the battery change vehicle, wherein the second guide units comprise at least one second guide mechanism, the second guide mechanism comprises a guide groove and at least one guide block which is arranged opposite to the guide groove and matched with the guide groove, and one end of the guide block facing the guide groove is provided with a guide inclined surface.

17. The quick change guide device for a battery pack according to claim 16, wherein the guide inclined surfaces are positioned on both sides of the guide block corresponding to the walls of the guide groove, and the guide inclined surfaces are inclined toward the inner side of the guide groove;

18. The battery pack quick change guide apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the main guide pin and the main guide hole of the first guide unit are coupled in advance of the guide groove and the guide block of the second guide unit, and the auxiliary guide pin and the auxiliary guide hole of the first guide unit are coupled in advance of the guide groove and the guide block of the second guide unit when the battery pack is coupled with the change vehicle.

19. The battery pack quick change guide as claimed in claim 16, wherein the guide groove of the second guide mechanism is clearance-fitted with the guide block.

20. The battery pack quick change guide apparatus according to claim 16, further comprising third guide units respectively provided between each of the battery packs and a battery change vehicle;

21. The battery pack quick change guide of claim 20, wherein the expansion ramp is arcuate;

22. The battery pack quick change guide as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising first buffers respectively provided between each of the battery packs and a battery change vehicle:

23. The battery pack quick change guide as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11, 22, wherein a second buffer is provided between adjacent two of the battery packs.

24. A battery-changing vehicle, characterized in that the battery-changing vehicle comprises a vehicle body, a quick-changing bracket and a plurality of battery packs, wherein the quick-changing bracket is arranged on the vehicle body, and the battery packs are respectively vertically connected to the quick-changing bracket through the guidance of the battery pack quick-changing guide device according to any one of claims 1-23.

25. The battery-powered vehicle of claim 24, wherein the vehicle body is an electric truck and the quick-change bracket is attached to a beam of the electric truck.

26. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 25, wherein the quick-change bracket is a unitary quick-change bracket having a plurality of respective battery pack receiving areas corresponding to the areas of each of the battery packs; or, the quick-change bracket comprises a plurality of split brackets, and the split brackets are respectively connected to the beam of the electric truck and correspond to the battery packs one by one.