CN116118453A

CN116118453A - Vehicle for replacing electric vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN116118453A
Application number: CN202211305937.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张建平; 于新瑞; 凌春雷; 宋志强
Original assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-15
Filing date: 2022-10-24
Publication date: 2023-05-16
Also published as: CN116118466A; CN218558547U; CN218558548U; CN219007567U; CN116353320A; CN116118461A; CN218577493U; CN116409129A; CN218577489U; CN218805182U; CN116118469A; CN116118454A; CN116353319A; CN116118457A; CN218577494U; CN116001548A; CN218577492U; CN219096472U; CN116118452A; CN219096474U

Abstract

The invention provides a battery-powered vehicle, comprising: a vehicle body; the quick-change bracket is connected to the beam of the vehicle body; the quick-change bracket forms a plurality of battery pack accommodating areas along the length direction of the vehicle body, and each accommodating area is independently provided with a locking mechanism; the battery packs are provided with locking pieces, the locking pieces are detachably connected with the locking mechanisms in a bead expansion locking mode, the battery packs are connected to the corresponding battery pack accommodating areas through the locking pieces respectively, and the battery packs are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the vehicle body. The position of the quick-change bracket relative to the girder of the vehicle body can be adjusted according to the internal layout of the battery replacement vehicle and the structure of the battery so as to adapt to the battery replacement vehicles of different models, so that the arrangement among the battery packs is flexible. In addition, the battery and the trolley replacing vehicle are locked in a bead expansion locking mode, so that the battery and trolley replacing vehicle are convenient and quick to assemble and disassemble, and the locking is stable and reliable.

Description

Vehicle for replacing electric vehicle

The present application claims priority from chinese patent application 2022108378041, whose application date is 2022, 7, 15. The present application refers to the entirety of the above-mentioned chinese patent application.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of automobile power conversion, in particular to a power conversion vehicle.

Background

The existing battery pack mounting mode of the electric automobile is generally divided into fixed mounting and replaceable mounting, wherein the battery pack which is fixedly mounted is generally fixed on the automobile; the replaceable safety-rotating battery pack generally adopts a movable mounting mode, and the battery pack can be taken down at any time to be replaced or charged, and is mounted on the vehicle body after the replacement or charging is finished.

The existing electric heavy truck or light truck is provided with a battery pack which is arranged above a truck body, the battery pack is required to be disassembled and assembled from the upper part of the truck to realize power exchange during power exchange, the cost of the sling is high, the occupied space is large, the land cost and the equipment cost for building a station are increased, the weight of the battery pack is large, shaking is easy to occur in the hoisting process, the hoisting reliability is affected, and potential safety hazards exist. In addition, the overall battery pack is large and heavy, and the replacement difficulty is high. Especially for large vehicles, such as heavy truck type, the vehicle body and the heavy load are very large, so that the requirement of the large vehicle on the capacity of the battery pack is high, and the large vehicle can be supported to travel hundreds of kilometers by electric energy with enough large capacity.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a power conversion vehicle.

The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical scheme:

a battery-powered vehicle comprising:

a vehicle body;

the quick-change bracket is connected to the beam of the vehicle body; the quick-change bracket forms a plurality of battery pack accommodating areas along the length direction of the vehicle body, and each accommodating area is independently provided with a locking mechanism;

the battery packs are provided with locking pieces, the locking pieces are detachably connected with the locking mechanisms in a bead expansion locking mode, the battery packs are connected to the corresponding battery pack accommodating areas through the locking pieces respectively, and the battery packs are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the vehicle body.

In this scheme, can be according to the inside overall arrangement of trading the electric vehicle and the structure of battery, the position of adjustment quick change support for the automobile body girder to the electric vehicle of trading of adaptation different models, consequently the arrangement between the battery package is comparatively nimble. The battery pack accommodating areas are used for accommodating a plurality of battery packs, and the battery packs are divided into boxes, so that the volume and the weight of the battery pack accommodating areas are relatively smaller, the battery packs can be replaced conveniently, and labor is saved when the battery packs are replaced; after the battery packs are placed in the boxes, different quantities of battery packs can be matched and installed according to the electricity consumption required by the battery change vehicle, so that the compatibility is high; in addition, the battery pack is divided into boxes, so that compared with the whole battery pack in transportation, large-scale transportation equipment is not required to be adopted for transporting the battery packs after the boxes are divided, and the equipment material cost is reduced. The locking piece and the locking mechanism are locked in a bead expansion locking mode, so that the battery pack is convenient and quick to assemble and disassemble, the assembling and disassembling efficiency of the battery pack is improved, and the locking is stable and reliable.

Preferably, the locking piece comprises an expanding bead assembly, the locking mechanism comprises a lock seat, and the expanding bead assembly is detachably connected with the lock seat so as to independently lock the battery pack on the quick-change bracket;

or, the locking piece comprises a lock seat, the locking mechanism comprises a bead expansion assembly, and the bead expansion assembly is detachably connected with the lock seat to independently lock the battery pack on the quick-change bracket.

In this scheme, through the cooperation of pearl subassembly and lock seat that rises, only need rotatory pearl subassembly that rises can realize detachable locking, install and remove convenient and fast.

Preferably, the bead expansion assembly or the lock seat is arranged at the middle position of the battery pack, and the bead expansion assembly or the lock seat penetrates through the battery pack.

In this scheme, rise pearl subassembly or lock seat and set up in the intermediate position of battery package, be favorable to improving battery package and quick change support connection's stability.

Preferably, the expanding bead assembly or the lock seat is connected to the battery pack in a floating mode.

In this scheme, floating connection plays the cushioning effect, has reduced the hard collision between pearl subassembly or lock seat and the battery package that rises to the condition that pearl subassembly or lock seat wear and battery package damage have been reduced.

Preferably, the expanding bead assembly or the lock seat is connected to the quick-change bracket in a floating manner.

Preferably, the lock seat is provided with a locking cavity with an opening facing the expanding bead assembly, the expanding bead assembly can extend into the locking cavity, and at least part of the expanding bead assembly can be clamped with the locking cavity so as to lock the battery pack and the bracket body.

In this scheme, realize the locking of battery package and support body through the joint between pearl subassembly and the locking cavity that rises, the operation of being convenient for, and the locking effect is reliable.

Preferably, the expanding bead assembly comprises a connecting column, a locking part and a driving part, wherein the locking part is arranged in the connecting column, the connecting column is provided with a locking hole allowing at least part of the locking part to extend out, and at least part of the driving part is arranged in the connecting column and can drive the locking part to move between a locking position and an unlocking position;

when the locking part is positioned at the locking position, the locking part at least partially extends out of the locking hole and is clamped with the inner side wall of the locking cavity;

When the locking part is positioned at the unlocking position, the locking part is reset to the inside of the connecting column.

In the scheme, the locking hole of the connecting column provides a moving channel for the locking part to extend out of the connecting column, and when the battery pack is locked, the driving part drives the locking part to extend out of the locking hole and be clamped with the inner side wall of the locking cavity, so that locking is realized; when carrying out the unblock operation of battery package, drive division drive locking part resets to the spliced pole inside to make the inside wall phase separation of locking part and locking cavity, realize the unblock, above-mentioned locking and unlocking operation are simple and convenient, are favorable to improving the locking and unlocking efficiency of battery package.

Preferably, the driving part comprises a driving screw and a driving ball located at one end of the driving screw, the driving ball is disposed in the connecting column and movably connected or abutted to the locking part, and the driving screw part is disposed in the connecting column in a penetrating manner and can move up and down relative to the connecting column, so that the driving ball can move towards one side of the locking part to drive the locking part to move to the locking position or can move away from one side of the locking part to drive the locking part to move to the unlocking position.

In the scheme, the structure is adopted, when the battery pack is locked, the driving screw is rotated to enable the battery pack to move towards the direction close to the driving ball relative to the connecting column, and the driving ball is continuously pushed to move towards the direction close to the locking part so as to drive the locking part to extend out of the locking hole and be clamped with the inner side wall of the locking cavity, so that locking is realized; when carrying out the unblock operation of battery package, rotatory drive screw along opposite direction makes its relative spliced pole remove to the direction of keeping away from the drive ball, and the drive ball is after losing drive screw's exogenic action, does not exert the driving force to locking portion for locking portion can reset to in the spliced pole, realizes the unblock, through the setting of drive screw and drive ball, makes the locking of rising pearl subassembly and lock seat and unlocking more convenient.

Preferably, the portion of the locking part extending out of the locking hole is provided with a matching surface facing the inner side wall of the locking cavity, the locking cavity is provided with a clamping surface corresponding to the matching surface, and the matching surface and the clamping surface are matched in shape.

In this scheme, adopt above-mentioned structural style, through the cooperation between the mating surface of locking portion and its shape assorted block face realize the joint of locking portion and locking cavity, prevent that the locking portion in locking position from breaking away from locking cavity, the joint effect is stable.

Preferably, the structure of the locking mode of the expanding bead assembly further comprises an anti-rotation and anti-back structure, and the anti-rotation and anti-back structure is connected with the expanding bead assembly and/or the lock seat so as to prevent relative rotation between the expanding bead assembly and the lock seat.

In this scheme, utilize preventing changeing the backstop structure and avoid locking piece and locking mechanism relative rotation, improved the steady reliability that rises the pearl locking.

Preferably, the number of the battery packs is at least two; the locking pieces are arranged in the edge area of each battery pack so as to be independently locked or unlocked at the bottom of the battery-powered vehicle.

In the scheme, a single large battery pack is split into a plurality of battery packs, so that the weight of each battery pack is small, and the load of the battery replacement device during battery disassembly and assembly is reduced; the locking member is located at the edge, i.e., locks the battery pack from the edge, so that the locking stability is good.

Preferably, the plurality of locking members are further disposed at a middle region of each of the battery packs.

In the scheme, the locking piece in the middle area and the locking piece in the edge area jointly lock the battery pack, so that the locking stability of the battery pack is further improved.

Preferably, when the number of the locking pieces in the middle area is plural, the plurality of locking pieces are distributed along the length direction or the width direction of the vehicle body; and/or the locking piece located in the middle area is connected to the bottom of the battery-changing vehicle along the height direction of the battery-changing vehicle.

In the scheme, the locking reliability is enhanced by the plurality of locking pieces, and the plurality of locking pieces are distributed, so that the load of the battery pack is uniformly distributed, and the load concentration is avoided; meanwhile, the locking piece is arranged along the height direction of the battery changing vehicle, so that the battery pack can be conveniently dismounted and mounted at the bottom of the battery changing vehicle in a straight up and down mode, and the battery changing efficiency is improved.

Preferably, the locking member located in the middle region penetrates the battery pack.

In this scheme, be located the locking piece in middle region and run through in the battery package for the locking piece is better with the connection effect of battery package, and can make full use of the space of battery package.

Preferably, the plurality of locking mechanisms are provided in an edge region of the battery pack accommodating region in a body length direction and/or a width direction of the battery-powered vehicle.

In this scheme, locking mechanism is located marginal area for locking piece is easier with locking mechanism's counterpoint, is favorable to improving locking stability.

Preferably, the plurality of locking mechanisms are further disposed in a middle region of the battery pack accommodating region.

In this scheme, the locking mechanism in middle region locks the battery package with the locking mechanism that is located the marginal region jointly, has further improved the locking stability of battery package.

Preferably, when the plurality of locking mechanisms are provided in the intermediate region, the plurality of locking mechanisms are distributed in the longitudinal direction or the width direction of the vehicle body.

In this scheme, a plurality of locking mechanism have strengthened the reliability of locking, and a plurality of locking mechanism distribution sets up, can make the load equipartition of battery package, avoids the load to concentrate.

Preferably, the quick-change bracket comprises a bracket body, wherein the bracket body is of a frame structure, the bracket body comprises a plurality of first supporting beams which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle body and a plurality of second supporting beams which extend along the length direction of the vehicle body, the second supporting beams are respectively connected to two ends of the first supporting beams, the first supporting beams and the second supporting beams are connected and enclosed to form the frame structure, and a space between two adjacent first supporting beams along the length direction of the vehicle body forms the battery pack accommodating area; the locking mechanism is arranged on the side part of the first supporting beam.

In this scheme, can be according to the inside overall arrangement of trading the electric vehicle, and the structure or the battery package quantity of battery package, the position of adjustment support body for the roof beam to the electric vehicle trades of different models of adaptation, consequently the arrangement between the battery package is comparatively nimble, and has reduced the whole processing degree of difficulty of quick change support.

Preferably, the locking member is located at or below the middle of the battery pack in the height direction of the battery pack.

In this scheme, adopt above-mentioned structural style, realize being connected with locking mechanism through the locking piece that is located battery package middle part or middle part below the region, the tie point is located battery package middle part or middle part below the region, reduces the battery package and needs unsettled region that sets up, and locking stability is high.

Preferably, the battery pack is located at the bottom of the vehicle beam or the battery pack is higher than the lower surface of the vehicle beam along the height direction of the vehicle body.

In this scheme, adopt above-mentioned structural style, set up the installation space of battery package in the roof beam bottom, make full use of the space of roof beam below, be favorable to improving space layout rationality. The battery pack part is higher than the lower surface of the vehicle beam, so that the space utilization rate is effectively improved, the ground clearance of the lower surface of the battery pack is increased, and the battery pack bottom is convenient for the battery replacement equipment to enter and exit.

Preferably, the quick-change bracket comprises two groups of sub-brackets arranged at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle body, at least one side of each sub-bracket forms the battery pack accommodating area, each sub-bracket comprises a plurality of segmented beams arranged at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle body, each segmented beam is connected with the vehicle beam, and at least the outer side wall of each segmented beam is provided with the locking mechanism.

In this scheme, can increase or reduce the quantity of segmentation roof beam according to actual need, the flexibility ratio is high, also is convenient for improve the stability of battery package installation.

Preferably, the quick-change bracket comprises a plurality of independent bracket bodies, wherein the independent bracket bodies are distributed along the length direction of the vehicle body, and each bracket body forms a battery pack accommodating area; the locking mechanism is arranged at the side part of the bracket body.

In this scheme, can be according to the inside overall arrangement of trading the electric vehicle, and the structure of battery package, the number of adjustment support body and for the position of roof beam to the electric vehicle trades of adaptation different models, compare in the arrangement of the quick change support of integrated processing, more nimble.

Preferably, along the length direction of the body, a plurality of locking mechanisms are oppositely arranged in the battery pack accommodating area of the bracket body.

In this scheme, locking mechanism is located the space of relative closure between two body girders, and the security is high.

Preferably, along the length direction of the vehicle body, one side of the battery pack accommodating area is provided with at least two locking mechanisms, and at least two locking mechanisms are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the vehicle body.

In this scheme, realize the locking jointly through a plurality of locking mechanisms, increase the lock point between battery package and the quick change support, the locking effect is stable.

Preferably, the quick-change bracket comprises a first connecting beam extending along the length direction of the vehicle body and a second connecting beam extending along the direction perpendicular to the ground of the vehicle body, and the quick-change bracket is connected with the side part of the vehicle beam through the first connecting beam and the second connecting beam.

In the scheme, the connecting beam is arranged at the side part of the vehicle beam, so that the installation space is larger, and the installation and the disassembly are convenient; the quick-change bracket can be fixed in the vertical direction through the second connecting beam on the basis that the first connecting beam can be fixed in the horizontal direction, so that the quick-change bracket is more firm in fixing relative to the vehicle beam.

Preferably, the quick-change bracket comprises a plurality of first reinforcing ribs and a plurality of second reinforcing ribs, wherein the first reinforcing ribs are arranged between the first connecting beam and the bracket body at intervals, and the second reinforcing ribs are arranged between the first connecting beam and the second connecting beam at intervals.

In this scheme, second tie-beam, support body and first strengthening rib form firm structure, guarantee the connection reliability of quick change support. The first connecting beam, the vehicle beam and the second reinforcing ribs form a firm structure, so that the connection reliability of the quick-change bracket is ensured.

Preferably, the quick-change bracket further comprises a connector assembly, the connector assembly comprises a vehicle end connector and mounting pieces, each of the battery pack accommodating areas is provided with the mounting pieces respectively, the mounting pieces are connected to the quick-change bracket, and the vehicle end connector is arranged on the mounting pieces.

In this scheme, adopt above-mentioned structural style, through set up the car end connector in every battery package holds the district, each battery package of being convenient for realizes independently supplying power to electric vehicle to satisfy the branch case demand. The car end connector is connected to the quick-change bracket through the mounting piece, the connection is stable and reliable, the mounting piece can be mounted by utilizing an idle area in the battery pack accommodating area, mounting interference with the locking mechanism can be avoided, a mounting space can be reserved for the car end connector, other space occupation is avoided, and the space layout rationality is improved.

Preferably, the mounting member includes a support beam and a support plate connected to the quick-change bracket through the support beam, the vehicle-end connector is provided on the support plate,

or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,

the mounting piece comprises a mounting plate, the mounting plate is connected to the quick-change bracket, and the vehicle end connector is arranged on the mounting plate.

In this scheme, adopt above-mentioned structural style for the backup pad of installation car end connector passes through a supporting beam to be fixed on quick change support, compares in the length through increasing the backup pad for the both ends of backup pad can direct mount in quick change support, save material's use. The support plate of the installation car end connector is directly connected to the quick-change bracket, so that the assembly efficiency is improved, and the processing of parts is also facilitated.

Preferably, the number of the vehicle beams is two, the two vehicle beams are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the length direction of the vehicle body, and the mounting piece is positioned between the two vehicle beams.

In this scheme, the installed part is located between the roof beam, that is to say that the electric connector is installed between the roof beam, compares with installing the electric connector in the both sides of quick change support to make load balance, more firm, and the security is higher, the effectual inner space who utilizes the trading electric vehicle.

Preferably, the battery replacing vehicle further comprises a first limiting mechanism, wherein the first limiting mechanism is installed on the quick-change bracket and is used for being matched with a positioning hole at the top of the battery pack so as to position the battery pack.

In this scheme, adopt above-mentioned structural style, realize the location between battery package and the quick change support through first stop gear and locating hole cooperation to play the guide effect when the battery package is installed to the quick change support, in order to improve the installation accuracy that the battery package got into the battery package and holds in the district, improve the installation effectiveness of battery package. Meanwhile, after the battery pack is mounted on the quick-change bracket, the first limiting mechanism and the positioning hole which are matched with each other can limit the battery pack, so that the battery pack is prevented from shaking in the running process of the vehicle.

Preferably, the battery-powered vehicle further includes a second limiting mechanism disposed at opposite ends along a length direction of the vehicle body and opposite ends along a width direction of the vehicle body.

In this scheme, second stop gear can realize the location of two degrees of freedom on the horizontal direction to the battery package at the length of automobile body and the opposite both ends of width direction respectively, realizes the stability of location.

Preferably, the second limiting mechanism comprises a limiting seat and a limiting piece, wherein one limiting seat and one limiting piece are arranged on the battery pack, the other limiting seat is arranged on the bracket body, and an elastic piece is arranged on the limiting seat and is contacted with the elastic piece to position the battery pack.

In this scheme, because the space that quick change support and battery package contacted in the horizontal direction is limited, consequently advance extrusion location's mode through locating part and elastic sheet and can improve space utilization, also can realize the location effect that is preferred in the horizontal direction simultaneously.

Preferably, the end of the elastic piece is inclined to form a guiding inclined plane.

In this scheme, the tip slope setting of elastic piece forms the direction inclined plane, and the direction inclined plane makes the elastic piece have better elasticity and better guidance quality to make things convenient for the elastic component to fix a position the installation for quick change support, also further restrict the elastic piece and move for quick change support.

Preferably, the quick-change bracket further comprises a protection plate, and the protection plate covers the top of the battery pack.

In this scheme, adopt above-mentioned structural style, the top of battery package is covered and is had the protection shield, reduces debris such as dust, rainwater and gets into battery package accommodation area to avoid causing the influence to the performance of battery package.

Preferably, a buffer pad is arranged on one side of the protection plate facing the top of the battery pack, and/or an avoidance part is arranged on one side of the protection plate facing the top of the battery pack.

In this scheme, set up the blotter and can prevent that the battery package from scraping the battery package surface when removing, play the effect of protection battery package, also can reduce the rocking of battery package. In addition, the vehicle end connector can be arranged on the protective plate, a gap is formed between the battery pack and the protective plate in the area outside the junction of the vehicle end connector, and the buffer pad is arranged to compensate the gap, so that uniform load distribution is ensured. In addition, set up in the protection plate and dodge the portion, be convenient for walk the line, also can dodge the interior car end connector of installation of portion, spatial layout is reasonable, avoids taking place the contact interference between car end connector and the protection plate.

Preferably, the battery-powered vehicle is an electric truck.

In the scheme, the power and the total energy required by the operation of the electric truck are large, so that a battery with a large volume needs to be adapted, and through the arrangement, the battery with a small volume can be adapted to the electric truck, thereby reducing the electricity changing cost.

The invention has the positive progress effects that: the position of the quick-change bracket relative to the girder of the vehicle body can be adjusted according to the internal layout of the battery replacement vehicle and the structure of the battery so as to adapt to the battery replacement vehicles of different models, so that the arrangement among the battery packs is flexible. The battery pack accommodating areas are used for accommodating a plurality of battery packs, and the battery packs are divided into boxes, so that the volume and the weight of the battery pack accommodating areas are relatively smaller, the battery packs can be replaced conveniently, and labor is saved when the battery packs are replaced; after the battery packs are placed in the boxes, different quantities of battery packs can be matched and installed according to the electricity consumption required by the battery change vehicle, so that the compatibility is high; in addition, the battery pack is divided into boxes, so that compared with the whole battery pack in transportation, large-scale transportation equipment is not required to be adopted for transporting the battery packs after the boxes are divided, and the equipment material cost is reduced. In addition, through setting up locking mechanism at every battery package accommodation area, each battery package of being convenient for is fixed respectively in corresponding battery package accommodation area through the locking piece to independent installation between each battery package is in order to satisfy the branch case demand, is convenient for change battery package and reduce cost. Simultaneously, the locking piece is connected with the locking mechanism through the ball locking mode can be dismantled in rising, further makes things convenient for the dismouting of battery package, has improved the dismouting efficiency of battery package.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a battery-powered vehicle according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a battery-powered vehicle according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a battery-powered vehicle according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a second limiting mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the quick-change bracket according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a partially enlarged perspective view of the transfer frame in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking assembly according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a locking assembly according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a bottom view of the locking assembly of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a part of the structure of a battery-powered vehicle according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a battery pack according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a quick-change bracket according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Description of the reference numerals

Electric vehicle 100

Body 1

Vehicle beam 11

Quick change stand 2

Bracket body 21

First support beam 201

Second support beam 202

First connecting beam 203

Second connecting beam 204

First stiffener 205

Second stiffener 206

Transfer frame 3

Beam 31

Longitudinal beam 32

Battery pack 4

Locking piece 5

Connecting column 501

Locking portion 502

Driving unit 503

Locking hole 504

Connecting piece 51

Mounting hole 511

Mounting sleeve assembly 52

First mounting sleeve 521

Second mounting sleeve 522

Bead expansion assembly 53

Third limiting step 5311

Limiting projection 5312

Locking ball 532

Drive screw 533

Drive ball 534

Mounting sleeve stopper 54

First limit step 541

Second limiting step 542

Limiting groove 543

Locking mechanism 6

Lock seat 61

Locking chamber 62

Connector assembly 7

Vehicle end connector 71

Mounting member 72

Support beam 720

Support plate 721

Locating pin 8

Guide surface 81

Spacing seat 91

Limiting member 92

Elastic sheet 93

Guide slope 930

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments are shown.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, 4 to 12, the present embodiment provides an electric vehicle 100, and the electric vehicle 100 is an electric truck.

Specifically, the electric truck includes: the vehicle body comprises a vehicle body, a quick-change bracket 2 and a plurality of battery packs 4, wherein the quick-change bracket 2 is connected to a vehicle beam 11 of the vehicle body; the quick-change bracket 2 forms a plurality of battery pack accommodating areas along the length direction of the vehicle body, and each accommodating area is independently provided with a locking mechanism 6; the battery packs 4 are provided with locking pieces 5, the locking pieces 5 and the locking mechanisms 6 are detachably connected in a bead expansion locking mode, the battery packs 4 are connected to corresponding battery pack accommodating areas through the locking pieces 5 respectively, and the battery packs 4 are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the vehicle body.

The position of the quick-change bracket 2 relative to the body frame can be adjusted according to the internal layout of the electric vehicle 100 and the structure of the battery to adapt to electric vehicles 100 of different models, so that the arrangement between the battery packs 4 is flexible. The method is characterized in that a plurality of battery packs 4 are placed in a plurality of battery pack accommodating areas, the plurality of battery packs 4 are respectively arranged and fixed on the body of the electric vehicle 100 in parallel along the width direction of the body through quick-change brackets 2, and the battery packs 4 are subjected to box-dividing design, so that the volume and the weight of the battery packs 4 placed in each battery pack accommodating area are relatively small, the battery packs 4 are convenient to replace, and labor is saved when the battery packs 4 are replaced; after the battery packs 4 are placed in boxes, different quantities of battery packs 4 can be matched and installed according to the power consumption required by the electric vehicle 100, so that the compatibility is high; in addition, the battery packs 4 are arranged in the case, compared with the whole battery packs 4, the large-scale conveying equipment is not needed to be adopted for conveying the battery packs 4 after the case separation, and the equipment material cost is reduced. The plurality of battery packs 4 are arranged in parallel along the width direction of the vehicle body, so that the space at the bottom of the vehicle beam 11 and at the two sides of the vehicle beam can be effectively utilized, and the space utilization rate is high. The locking piece and the locking mechanism are locked in a bead expansion locking mode, so that the battery pack is convenient and quick to assemble and disassemble, the assembling and disassembling efficiency of the battery pack is improved, and the locking is stable and reliable. The electric vehicle in this embodiment is an electric truck, and the electric truck requires larger power and total energy in operation, so that a battery with larger volume needs to be adapted.

In addition, the battery packs are divided into boxes in the length direction (X direction) of the vehicle, and compared with the boxes in the width direction (Y direction) of the vehicle, the boxes in the X direction are not easy to generate unbalanced load in the power conversion process, and the unbalanced load of the vehicle can not be caused under the condition that only part of the battery packs are mounted on the electric vehicle, so that the use mode is more flexible and the applicability is better; in addition, the X-direction box separation is convenient for unlocking operation of an unlocking mechanism on the battery replacing equipment along gaps among a plurality of battery packs, and the battery replacing equipment cannot interfere with the battery packs in the process of reciprocating to the bottom of the vehicle from the side surface of the vehicle.

The quick-change bracket 2 is provided with at least two battery pack accommodating areas, and correspondingly, the number of the battery packs 4 is at least two, so that a single large battery pack is split into a plurality of battery packs, the weight of each battery pack 4 is small, and the load of the battery changing device during battery disassembly is reduced. A plurality of locking members 5 are provided in the edge region of each battery pack 4 to be independently locked or unlocked on the quick-change bracket 2, that is, the battery packs 4 are locked from the edge at the bottom of the electric vehicle 100, so that the locking stability is good. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the number of the battery packs 4 is three.

The locking member 5 and the locking mechanism 6 together constitute a locking assembly. The portion of the locking assembly corresponding to the locking member 5 may be directly mounted on the side wall of the battery pack 4, the locking member 5 may be mounted on the flange side of the battery pack 4, or the locking member 5 may be mounted on the battery pack 4 through an adapter bracket, as shown in fig. 10. A plurality of locking members 5 are also provided in the middle region of each battery pack 4. The locking piece 5 in the middle area and the locking piece 5 in the edge area jointly lock the battery pack 4, so that the locking stability of the battery pack 4 is further improved, the load of the battery pack 4 is dispersed, and the battery pack is prevented from deforming.

The locking piece 5 located in the middle area is locked at the bottom of the electric vehicle 100 along the height direction of the electric vehicle 100, so that the battery pack 4 is dismounted in a straight up-down mode at the bottom of the electric vehicle 100, and the electric device can be used for dismounting the battery pack 4 in the process of lifting the battery pack 4, so that the action is simpler, and the electric efficiency is improved.

In some embodiments, the locking member 5 in the middle region may be disposed through the battery pack 4, which saves more space and makes the structure compact.

The quick-change bracket is fixedly arranged on a beam 11 of the battery-change vehicle 100, the quick-change bracket 2 forms a plurality of battery pack accommodating areas which are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the vehicle body of the battery-change vehicle 100, and each battery pack accommodating area is internally provided with a plurality of locking mechanisms 6 independently so as to realize locking and unlocking of the battery pack 4 in the battery pack accommodating area relative to the quick-change bracket 2 in a bolt locking mode.

The plurality of locking mechanisms 6 are provided in an edge region of the battery pack accommodating region in the vehicle body width direction of the battery change vehicle 100. The locking mechanism 6 is located in the edge area, so that the alignment of the locking piece 5 and the locking mechanism 6 is easier, and the locking stability is improved. Accordingly, the lock member 5 is also provided on the side of the battery pack in the vehicle body width direction of the battery change vehicle 100. In other embodiments, the plurality of locking mechanisms 6 are provided in the edge region of the battery pack accommodating region in the vehicle body length direction of the electric vehicle 100, for example, the plurality of locking mechanisms 6 are provided on the second support beam 202, and the locking member 5 is provided in the side portion of the battery pack in the vehicle body length direction of the electric vehicle 100.

A plurality of locking mechanisms 6 are also provided in the middle region of the battery pack receiving area. The locking mechanism 6 in the middle area and the locking mechanism 6 in the edge area jointly lock the battery pack, so that the locking stability of the battery pack is further improved. Specifically, in the present embodiment, a plurality of locking mechanisms 6 are provided on the first support beam 201.

When the plurality of locking mechanisms 6 are located in the middle area, the plurality of locking mechanisms 6 can be distributed along the length direction of the vehicle body, can also be distributed along the width direction, and correspondingly, the locking pieces 5 are located in the middle area of the battery pack, and the plurality of locking pieces 5 can be distributed along the length direction of the vehicle body, can also be distributed along the width direction, so that the battery pack is not limited. The reliability of locking has been strengthened to a plurality of locking mechanism 6, and a plurality of locking mechanism 6 distribution sets up, can make the load equipartition of battery package, avoids the load to concentrate.

Specifically, the quick-change bracket 2 includes a bracket body 21, the bracket body 21 is a frame structure, the bracket body 21 includes a plurality of first support beams 201 arranged at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle body and a plurality of second support beams 202 extending along the length direction of the vehicle body, the second support beams 202 are respectively connected to two ends of the first support beams 201, the first support beams 201 and the second support beams 202 are connected and enclosed to form a frame structure, and a battery pack accommodating area is formed along the space between two adjacent first support beams 201 along the length direction of the vehicle body; the locking mechanism 6 is provided at a side portion of the first support beam 201.

The position of the bracket body 21 relative to the vehicle beam 11 can be adjusted according to the internal layout of the electric vehicle 100 and the structure of the battery packs 4 or the number of the battery packs 4 so as to adapt to the electric vehicles 100 with different models, so that the arrangement between the battery packs 4 is flexible, the overall processing difficulty of the quick-change bracket 2 is reduced, and in addition, the bracket body 21 adopts a frame structure, so that the structural strength is high and the weight is reduced.

As an alternative embodiment, the battery pack accommodating area includes a plurality of sub-accommodating areas arranged side by side in the width direction of the vehicle body, and each sub-accommodating area is provided with the locking mechanism 6, so that each sub-accommodating area can independently mount the battery pack, that is, each battery pack accommodating area can mount a plurality of small battery packs, thus further reducing the volume and weight of a single battery pack, reducing the requirement on the power exchanging device, and further reducing the power exchanging cost. For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, each battery accommodating area may be divided into three sub-accommodating areas along the width direction of the vehicle body, and one small battery pack is provided in each sub-accommodating area, so that the quick-change bracket 2 may simultaneously install nine independent battery packs. The number of sub-receiving areas in the respective battery pack receiving areas on the same quick-change bracket 2 may be different, for example, the battery pack receiving area located at the forefront of the vehicle body may have three sub-receiving areas, and the battery pack receiving area in the middle may have only two sub-receiving areas. On the premise of meeting the requirement of battery pack installation, the number and arrangement modes of the sub-accommodation areas can be adjusted arbitrarily by a person skilled in the art.

In this embodiment, along the height direction of the battery pack 4, the locking member 5 is located in the middle or lower middle area of the battery pack 4, the locking member 5 located in the middle or lower middle area of the battery pack 4 is connected with the locking mechanism 6, the connection point is located in the middle or lower middle area of the battery pack 4, the area where the battery pack 4 needs to be suspended is reduced, and the locking stability is high. In other alternative embodiments, the locking member 5 may also be located in an area above the middle of the battery pack 4. The present invention is not particularly limited, and may be adapted according to actual needs as long as the locking member 5 can be coupled to the corresponding battery pack receiving area.

Secondly, along the direction of height of automobile body, battery package 4 is located roof beam 11 bottom, sets up battery package 4's installation space in roof beam 11 bottom, make full use of the space of roof beam 11 below, be favorable to improving space layout rationality. The part of the battery pack 4 is higher than the lower surface of Che Liang, so that the space utilization rate is effectively improved, the ground clearance of the lower surface of the battery pack 4 is increased, and the battery replacement equipment can conveniently enter and exit the bottom of the battery pack 4. In other alternative embodiments, the battery pack 4 may also be partially raised above the upper surface of Che Liang, e.g., one or more portions of the battery pack 4 may protrude upward, up to Yu Cheliang a, to fully utilize the space above. As long as the battery pack 4 can not interfere with other components, the shape and position of the battery pack 4 are not particularly limited here.

The locking mechanism 6 has a plurality ofly, sets up in the marginal area in battery package holding area, specifically, along the length direction of automobile body 1, locking mechanism 6 distributes in battery package holding area at least one side, and the lateral wall of battery package 4 is equipped with locking piece 5 with locking mechanism 6 complex. The locking mechanism 6 is located at least one side of the battery pack accommodation area, and correspondingly, the locking piece 5 is located on the side wall of the battery pack 4, and the space layout is reasonable, so that the battery pack 4 enters the battery pack accommodation area, and connection between the locking piece 5 and the locking mechanism 6 is achieved. Preferably, the locking mechanism 6 is distributed on both sides of the battery pack accommodating area along the length direction of the vehicle body 1. The locking mechanism 6 is located the both sides of battery package holding area, and the lock point is located the both sides of battery package 4 for battery package 4 both sides all can be realized holding the district with the battery package and be connected, in order to improve the equilibrium.

In other embodiments, as an alternative means, the locking mechanism 6 is distributed on at least one side of the battery pack accommodating area along the width direction of the vehicle body 1, and the side wall of the battery pack 4 is provided with a locking piece 5 that cooperates with the locking mechanism 6. Preferably, the locking mechanism 6 is distributed on both sides of the battery pack accommodating area in the width direction of the vehicle body 1. Alternatively, in another embodiment, the locking mechanism 6 is distributed on at least one side of the battery pack accommodating area along the length direction of the vehicle body 1, and the side wall of the battery pack 4 is provided with a locking piece 5 matched with the locking mechanism 6; along the width direction of the vehicle body 1, the locking mechanism 6 is distributed on at least one side of the battery pack accommodating area, and the side wall of the battery pack 4 is provided with a locking piece 5 matched with the locking mechanism 6. Preferably, locking mechanism 6 distributes in the side all around of battery package holding area, and locking piece 5 of lateral wall all around of battery package 4 is all fixed in the battery package holding area through locking mechanism 6, and the locking effect is stable, further prevents dropping of battery package 4.

Along the width direction of the body 1, at least one side of the battery pack accommodating area is provided with at least two locking mechanisms 6, and at least two locking mechanisms 6 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the body 1. At one side of the battery pack accommodation area, a plurality of locking points are arranged between the battery pack 4 and the battery pack accommodation area, and the battery pack 4 is fixed in the battery pack accommodation area through a plurality of locking mechanisms 6, so that the reliability and stability of the battery pack 4 locked in the quick-change bracket 2 are improved. Preferably, at least two locking mechanisms 6 are provided on both sides of the battery pack accommodating area in the width direction of the vehicle body 1. Accordingly, a plurality of locking pieces 5, which are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of locking mechanisms 6, are provided in the edge region of each battery pack 4, and the locking pieces 5 are located at the edges, that is, lock the battery packs 4 from the edges, so that the locking stability is good.

In addition, the bracket body 21 further includes a connection plate, which may be disposed on the first support beam 201 and the second support beam 202 at a position facing the battery accommodating area, and the plurality of locking members 5 may also be disposed in a middle area of each battery pack 4, and accordingly, the locking mechanism 6 is also disposed in a middle area of the battery pack accommodating area, that is, the locking mechanism 6 is disposed on the connection plate. The locking piece 5 and the locking mechanism 6 in the middle area and the locking piece 5 and the locking mechanism 6 in the edge area lock the battery pack together, so that the locking stability of the battery pack is further improved. In this embodiment, the number of the locking members 5 located in the middle area is plural, the plurality of locking members 5 are distributed along the length direction or the width direction of the vehicle body, the reliability of locking is enhanced by the plurality of locking members 5, and the plurality of locking members 5 are distributed, so that the load of the battery pack is uniformly distributed, and the load concentration is avoided. The locking piece 5 located in the middle area is connected to the bottom of the battery replacing vehicle in the height direction of the battery replacing vehicle, and the battery pack is convenient to disassemble and assemble in a straight up and down mode at the bottom of the battery replacing vehicle, so that the battery replacing efficiency is improved.

In other embodiments, as an alternative means, at least two locking mechanisms 6 are provided on one side of the battery pack accommodating region in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body 1, and at least two locking mechanisms 6 are provided at intervals in the width direction of the vehicle body 1. Preferably, at least two locking mechanisms 6 are provided on both sides of the battery pack accommodating area in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body 1. Alternatively, at least two locking mechanisms 6 are arranged on at least one side of the battery pack accommodating area along the width direction of the vehicle body 1, and the at least two locking mechanisms 6 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle body 1; along the length direction of the body 1, one side of the battery pack accommodation area is provided with at least two locking mechanisms 6, and at least two locking mechanisms 6 are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the body 1. Preferably, at least two locking mechanisms 6 are provided on both sides of the battery pack accommodating area in the width direction of the vehicle body 1; along the length direction of the vehicle body 1, both sides of the battery pack accommodating area are also provided with at least two locking mechanisms 6.

As shown in fig. 6 to 9, the locking mechanism 6 and the locking member 5 of the present embodiment are provided in the battery pack 4, and the locking mechanism 6 is correspondingly provided in the quick-change bracket 2.

Specifically, the locking mechanism 6 includes a locking seat 61, a locking cavity 62 matched with the locking piece 5 is arranged in the locking seat 61, and an opening of the locking cavity 62 faces the locking piece 5 so that the locking piece 5 stretches into the locking cavity 62 to be locked, and therefore the battery pack 4 is locked on the quick-change bracket 2. The lock seat 61 is floatingly connected to the quick-change bracket 2, for example, by a spring, and the floating connection can reduce the torque or vibration of the electric vehicle 100 when the electric vehicle is subjected to steering torsion or jolt from being transmitted to the bracket body 21, so that the influence of the torque or vibration on the bracket body 21 is reduced; at the same time, the torsion force at the connection of the lock seat 61 and the locking piece 5 is reduced, and the hard collision between the lock seat 61 and the battery pack is avoided, so that the abrasion of the lock seat 61 and the locking piece 5 and the damage of the battery pack 4 are reduced.

Referring to fig. 12, the lock base 61 may be directly provided on the quick-change holder 2, for example, by welding, or provided on the quick-change holder 2 by another switching mechanism (for example, a connection plate).

In this embodiment, the locking member 5 includes a connecting member 51, a mounting sleeve assembly 52 and an expanding bead assembly 53, the connecting member 51 is used for connecting the battery pack 4, the connecting member 51 has a mounting hole 511, the mounting sleeve assembly 52 is sleeved on the expanding bead assembly 53, the expanding bead assembly 53 is mounted in the mounting hole 511 through the mounting sleeve assembly 52, the expanding bead assembly 53 can extend into the locking chamber 62, and at least part of the expanding bead assembly 53 can be clamped with the locking chamber 62 to lock the battery pack 4 and the bracket body 21. The battery pack 4 and the bracket body 21 are locked through the clamping connection between the expanding bead component 53 and the locking cavity 62, so that the operation is convenient, and the locking effect is reliable.

In another embodiment, the locking member 5 may comprise only the bead-expanding assembly 53, i.e. the bead-expanding assembly 53 is directly arranged at the battery pack 4. The bead expansion assembly 53 can also be connected to the battery pack 4 in a floating manner, and the floating connection can reduce the torque or vibration of the battery-powered vehicle 100 when the battery-powered vehicle is subjected to steering torsion or jolt from being transmitted to the bracket body 21, so that the influence of the torque or vibration on the bracket body 21 is reduced; at the same time, the torsion force at the connection part of the expanding bead assembly 53 and the lock seat 61 is reduced, and the hard collision between the expanding bead assembly 53 and the battery pack is avoided, so that the abrasion of the expanding bead assembly 53 and the lock seat 61 and the damage of the battery pack 4 are reduced.

The mounting sleeve assembly 52 includes a first mounting sleeve 521 and a second mounting sleeve 522, the outer surface of the first mounting sleeve 521 being provided with a first threaded section and the inner surface of the second mounting sleeve 522 being provided with a second threaded section that mates with the first threaded section to threadably couple the first mounting sleeve 521 to the second mounting sleeve 522.

The expanding bead assembly 53 comprises a connecting column 501, a locking part 502 and a driving part 503, wherein the locking part 502 is arranged in the connecting column 501, the connecting column 501 is provided with a locking hole 504 allowing at least part of the locking part 502 to extend out, and at least part of the driving part 503 is arranged in the connecting column 501 and connected with the locking part 502 and drives the locking part 502 to move between a locking position and an unlocking position; when the locking portion 502 is located at the locking position, a portion of the locking portion 502 extends out of the locking hole 504 and is engaged with the inner side wall of the locking chamber 62; when the locking portion 502 is located at the unlocking position, the locking portion 502 is reset to the inside of the connection post 501. The locking hole 504 of the connecting column 501 provides a moving channel for the part of the locking part 502 extending out of the connecting column 501, and when the locking operation of the battery pack 4 is performed, the driving part 503 drives the part of the locking part 502 to extend out of the locking hole 504 and be clamped with the inner side wall of the locking chamber 62, so that locking is realized; when the unlocking operation of the battery pack 4 is performed, the driving part 503 drives the locking part 502 to reset to the inside of the connecting column 501, so that the locking part 502 is separated from the inner side wall of the locking cavity 62, unlocking is realized, the locking and unlocking operations are simple and convenient, and the locking and unlocking efficiency of the battery pack 4 is improved.

The driving portion 503 includes a driving screw 533 and a driving ball 534 located at one end of the driving screw 533, where the driving ball 534 is disposed in the connecting column 501 and movably connected or abutted against the locking portion 502, and the driving screw 533 is partially disposed in the connecting column 501 and can move up and down relative to the connecting column 501, so that the driving ball 534 can move toward one side of the locking portion 502 to drive the locking portion 502 to move to the locking position, or the driving ball 534 can move away from one side of the locking portion 502 to drive the locking portion 502 to move to the unlocking position. When the locking operation of the battery pack 4 is performed, the driving screw 533 is rotated to move in a direction approaching the driving ball 534 relative to the connection column 501, and the driving ball 534 is continuously pushed to move in a direction approaching the locking portion 502, so as to drive the locking portion 502 to partially extend out of the locking hole 504 and be clamped with the inner side wall of the locking chamber 62, thereby realizing locking; when the unlocking operation of the battery pack 4 is performed, the driving screw 533 is rotated in the opposite direction to move away from the driving ball 534 relative to the connecting column 501, and after the driving ball 534 loses the external force action of the driving screw 533, no pushing force is applied to the locking part 502, so that the locking part 502 can be reset into the connecting column 501 to realize unlocking, and the locking and unlocking of the expanding bead assembly 53 and the lock seat 61 are more convenient through the arrangement of the driving screw 533 and the driving ball 534.

The portion of the locking portion 502 extending out of the locking hole 504 has a mating surface facing the inner sidewall of the locking chamber 62, and the locking chamber 62 has an engaging surface corresponding to the mating surface, and the mating surface and the engaging surface are shaped to match. The locking portion 502 and the locking chamber 62 are locked by the matching between the matching surface of the locking portion 502 and the locking surface matched with the shape of the matching surface, so that the locking portion 502 at the locking position is prevented from being separated from the locking chamber, and the locking effect is stable.

Specifically, the locking portion 502 is a locking ball, an arcuate surface of the locking ball extending out of the locking hole 504 is a mating surface, and an arcuate groove matched with the arcuate surface in shape is disposed on an inner sidewall of the locking chamber 62 and is a locking surface. In another embodiment, the locking portion 502 is a locking steel column, and the locking steel column is placed transversely, so that an arc surface of a portion of the locking steel column extending out of the locking hole 504 is used as a mating surface, and an arc groove is formed on an inner side wall of the locking chamber 62 and used as a clamping surface; of course, in other embodiments, the locking steel balls may be vertically disposed, so that the cambered surface and the two end surfaces of the portion of the locking steel balls extending out of the locking hole 504 serve as mating surfaces, and the inner side wall of the locking chamber 62 is provided with a U-shaped groove serving as a clamping surface.

Preferably, a recess is provided on a surface of the driving ball 534, which is used for abutting against the locking portion 502 (e.g. locking ball, locking steel column), so as to increase the contact area between the driving ball 534 and the locking portion 502, so as to avoid slipping between the driving ball 534 and the locking portion 502 during the process that the driving ball 534 drives the locking portion 502 to move.

The locking piece 5 further comprises a mounting sleeve limiting piece 54 arranged on the second mounting sleeve 522, the mounting sleeve limiting piece 54 comprises a first limiting step 541 and a second limiting step 542, the connecting column 501 of the locking body 53 is provided with a third limiting step 5311, the third limiting step 5311 is arranged between the first limiting step 541 and the second limiting step 542, the distance between opposite surfaces of the first limiting step 541 and the second limiting step 542 is equal to the thickness of the third limiting step 5311, further, the second limiting step 542 is provided with a limiting groove 543, the third limiting step 5311 is provided with a limiting projection 5312, and the limiting projection 5312 is positioned in the limiting groove 543 so that the second limiting step 542 is matched and connected with the third limiting step 5311. The third stop step 5311, the first stop step 541 and the second stop step 542 cooperate to form a stop mechanism to limit movement of the expanded bead assembly 53 relative to the mounting sleeve assembly 52.

The structure of pearl locking mode rises still includes anti-rotation stopping structure, in this embodiment, set up anti-rotation stopping mechanism on the pearl subassembly 53 that rises, specifically, anti-rotation stopping structure is connected on drive screw 533 for the pearl subassembly 53 that rises and lock seat 61 cooperation locking, after fixing the battery package 4 on support body 21, drive screw 533 is restricted and unable rotation, avoid drive screw 533 to take place to rotate and make drive ball 534 move down and lead to locking part 502 to get back to the unblock position, thereby improve the security and the reliability that battery package 4 and support body 21 are connected. In other embodiments, an anti-rotation and anti-back mechanism may be provided on the lock base 61, or on both the lock base 61 and the drive screw 533.

The rotation preventing and stopping mechanism can achieve the purpose of limiting the rotation of the driving screw 533 relative to the lock seat 61 through one of a ratchet, a pawl, an expanding bead, a clamping and a meshing.

In another embodiment, the mounting positions of the expansion bead assembly 53 and the lock seat 61 may be interchanged, that is, the locking mechanism 6 includes the expansion bead assembly 53, and the expansion bead assembly 53 is used to match the lock seat 61 on the battery pack 4 and lock and unlock the battery pack 4 and the bracket body 21 by means of an expansion bead locking manner. In other embodiments, the bead-expanding assembly 53 is floatingly coupled to the bracket body 21 and the lock base 61 is floatingly coupled to the battery pack 4.

In the present embodiment, the quick-change bracket 2 includes a first connection beam 203 extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and a second connection beam 204 extending in the direction perpendicular to the ground along the vehicle body, and the quick-change bracket 2 is connected to the side portion of the vehicle beam 11 through the first connection beam 203 and the second connection beam 204.

The first connection beam 203 is installed at the side of the vehicle beam 11 so that the installation space is larger and the installation and the removal are facilitated. The quick-change bracket 2 can be fixed in the vertical direction through the second connecting beam 204 on the basis that the first connecting beam 203 can be fixed in the horizontal direction, so that the quick-change bracket 2 is more firmly fixed relative to the vehicle beam 11.

In the present embodiment, the quick-change bracket 2 includes a plurality of first reinforcing ribs 205 and a plurality of second reinforcing ribs 206, the plurality of first reinforcing ribs 205 being disposed between the first connection beam 203 and the bracket body 21 at intervals, and the plurality of second reinforcing ribs 206 being disposed between the first connection beam 203 and the second connection beam 204 at intervals. The second connection beam 204, the bracket body 21 and the first reinforcing ribs 205 form a firm structure, and the connection reliability of the bracket of the battery pack 4 is ensured. The first connection beam 203, the vehicle beam 11 and the second reinforcing ribs 206 form a firm structure, and the connection reliability of the bracket of the battery pack 4 is ensured.

In this embodiment, the quick-change bracket 2 further includes a connector assembly 7, as shown in fig. 5, the connector assembly 7 includes a mounting vehicle-end connector 71 and a mounting member 72, each of the battery pack accommodating areas is provided with the mounting member 72, the mounting member 72 is connected to the quick-change bracket 2, and the vehicle-end connector 71 is disposed on the mounting member 72. The mounting member 72 includes a support beam 720 and a support plate 721, the support plate 721 is connected to the quick-change bracket 2 through the support beam 720, and the vehicle-end connector 71 is provided on the support plate 721. By providing the vehicle end connector 71 in each battery pack accommodation area, each battery pack 4 is facilitated to realize independent power supply to the electric vehicle 100, thereby satisfying the case division requirement. The car end connector 71 is connected to the quick-change bracket 2 through the mounting piece 72, the connection is stable and reliable, and the mounting piece 72 can be mounted by utilizing an idle area in a battery pack accommodating area, so that mounting interference with a locking mechanism can be avoided, a mounting space can be reserved for the car end connector 71, other space occupation is avoided, and the improvement of space layout rationality is facilitated.

In other alternative embodiments, the mounting member 72 includes a mounting plate that is coupled to the quick-change bracket 2, and the vehicle end connector 71 is disposed on the mounting plate. Alternatively, the mounting member 72 may be disposed astride the bracket body 21 to accommodate the case where the locking member 5 is disposed at or below the middle of the battery pack 4 in the height direction of the battery pack 4. In the present embodiment, the vehicle-end connector 71 includes a liquid-cooled connector and an electrical connector, which are sequentially arranged on the mounting plate. Specifically, the vehicle-end electrical connector on the quick-change bracket 2 is connected with the circuit control unit of the electric vehicle 100, thereby realizing the electrical connection of the battery pack 4 with the electric vehicle 100, so that the battery pack 4 can supply power to the electric vehicle 100. The liquid cooling connector is connected with the cooling system of the electric vehicle 100, and the cooling liquid can flow into the battery pack 4 through the battery end water connector and the vehicle end water connector to cool or insulate the battery pack 4, so that the temperature of the battery pack 4 is always kept within a normal range, and the normal power supply of the battery pack 4 is ensured.

In this embodiment, the electric connector and the liquid cooling connector are mounted on the top of the quick-change bracket 2, compared with the conventional art that the battery end electric connector is mounted on the side wall of the battery pack 4, the space of the battery side portion occupied by the battery end electric connector can be avoided, so that the side portion of the battery pack 4 can have more space to mount other structures.

In the present embodiment, the number of the vehicle beams 11 is two, the two vehicle beams 11 are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and the mounting member 72 is located between the two vehicle beams 11.

The mounting members 72 are located between the vehicle beams 11, that is, the electrical connectors are mounted between the vehicle beams 11, and make the load balanced, more stable, and safer, effectively utilizing the inner space of the electric vehicle 100, as compared to mounting the connector assembly 7 on both sides of the quick-change bracket 2.

Referring to fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the electric vehicle 100 further includes a first limiting mechanism mounted on the quick-change bracket 2 for cooperating with a positioning hole at the top of the battery pack 4 to position the battery pack 4. The quick-change bracket 2 is also provided with a guide mechanism, so that the space utilization rate of the electric vehicle 100 is effectively improved, and the positioning accuracy of the battery pack 4 is improved. The positioning between the battery pack 4 and the quick-change bracket 2 is realized through the cooperation of the first limiting mechanism and the positioning hole, so that a guiding effect is realized when the battery pack 4 is installed in the quick-change bracket 2, the installation accuracy of the battery pack 4 in the accommodating area of the battery pack 4 is improved, and the installation efficiency of the battery pack 4 is improved. Meanwhile, after the battery pack 4 is mounted on the quick-change bracket 2, the first limiting mechanism and the positioning hole which are matched with each other can limit the battery pack 4, so that the battery pack 4 is prevented from shaking in the running process of the vehicle.

Specifically, referring to fig. 6, the first limiting mechanism is a positioning pin 8, the end of the positioning pin 8 near the battery pack 4 has a guiding surface 81 with a gradually decreasing diameter, and by the guiding surface 81 with a gradually decreasing diameter of the end of the limiting mechanism, a certain offset error can be allowed to more easily insert the limiting mechanism into the positioning hole of the battery pack 4, and even if there is a small error in the horizontal direction, accurate alignment of the battery pack 4 can be achieved. Preferably, the positioning pins 8 may be disposed at both sides of the support plate 721.

It should be noted that, in other alternative embodiments, the cross sections of the positioning pin 8 and the positioning hole may be non-circular, for example, diamond pins may be used, where the diamond pins are easier to orient than circular pins, but lack a certain degree of freedom, and may be adapted according to the actual needs, and are not limited in this regard.

In the present embodiment, the electric vehicle 100 further includes second stopper mechanisms provided at opposite ends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body and opposite ends in the width direction of the vehicle body. The second limiting mechanism can position two degrees of freedom of the battery pack 4 in the horizontal direction at two opposite ends of the length and width directions of the vehicle body respectively, and positioning stability is achieved.

Specifically, the second stop mechanism includes a stop seat 91 and a stop member 92, one of the stop seat 91 and the stop member 92 is disposed on the battery pack 4, the other is disposed on the bracket body 21, an elastic sheet 93 is disposed on the stop seat 91, and the stop member 92 contacts with the elastic sheet 93 to position the battery pack 4. The elastic piece 93 is used for preventing the rigid collision between the battery pack 4 and the quick-change bracket 2, realizes elastic buffering, and through the cooperation of the elastic piece 93 and the limiting piece, limits the displacement of the battery pack 4 in the battery pack accommodation area, prevents the damage of the battery pack 4. Because the space that quick change support 2 and battery package 4 contacted in the horizontal direction is limited, consequently carry out extrusion location's mode through locating part 92 and elastic piece 93 and can improve space utilization, also can realize the location effect that is preferred in the horizontal direction simultaneously.

The quantity of elastic piece 93 and spacing seat 91 is the same and all is a plurality of, and the quantity one-to-one setting of elastic piece 93 and spacing seat 91, elastic piece 93 all connect on quick change support 2's inside wall, and spacing component all connects on the lateral wall of battery package 4. The elastic piece 93 is used for preventing the rigid collision between the battery package 4 and the quick-change bracket 2, realizes elastic buffering, and through the cooperation of the limiting seat 91 and the elastic piece 93, restricts the movement of the battery package 4 relative to the quick-change bracket 2, prevents the battery package 4 from damaging.

In other alternative embodiments, the limiting seats 91 may be connected to the inner side walls of the quick-change bracket 2, and the elastic pieces 93 may be connected to the outer side walls of the battery pack 4. Alternatively, the inner side wall of the quick-change bracket 2 may be connected with a part of the elastic piece 93 and a part of the stopper 91, and the outer side wall of the battery pack 4 may be connected with a corresponding part of the stopper 91 and a corresponding part of the elastic piece 93.

In the present embodiment, the end portions of the elastic pieces 93 are disposed obliquely to form a guide slope 930. The guide slope 930 is formed to be bent toward the inner side wall of the quick-change bracket 2 of the electric vehicle 100 such that the guide slope 930 is for engagement with the inner side wall of the quick-change bracket 2. In other alternative embodiments, the guiding inclined surface 930 may be formed into a hook shape, which hooks the lower surface of the inner side wall of the quick-change bracket 2, and the guiding inclined surface 930 allows the elastic piece 93 to have better elasticity and better guiding property, so that the elastic piece 93 is convenient to be installed and positioned relative to the quick-change bracket 2, and also helps to further limit the movement of the elastic piece 93 relative to the quick-change bracket 2.

In this embodiment, the quick-change holder 2 further includes a protection plate, which covers the top of the battery pack 4. The protection shield is equipped with the blotter towards one side at battery package 4 top, and the top of battery package 4 is covered with the protection shield, reduces debris such as dust, rainwater and gets into the battery package and holds the district to avoid causing the influence to the performance of battery package 4. The cushion pad can prevent the battery pack from scraping the surface of the battery pack when the battery pack moves, so that the battery pack is protected, and shaking of the battery pack can be reduced.

In other alternative embodiments, the side of the protection plate facing the top of the battery pack 4 is provided with a relief portion, which can be passed through by the battery pack line to be connected to the vehicle body. The vehicle end connector can be arranged on the protective plate, a gap is arranged between the battery pack 4 and the protective plate in the area outside the junction of the vehicle end connector, and the buffer cushion is arranged to compensate the gap, so that the load distribution is ensured to be uniform. In addition, set up in the protection plate and dodge the portion, be convenient for walk the line, also can dodge the interior car end connector of installation of portion, spatial layout is reasonable, avoids taking place the contact interference between car end connector and the protection plate.

The number of the protection plates is plural, and a protection plate is correspondingly arranged at the top of each battery pack 4. The number of the protection plates can be adjusted according to the internal layout of the electric vehicle 100 and the number of the battery packs 4 to adapt to different models of electric vehicles 100, on the one hand, and the weight of the whole structure can be reduced when the number of the battery packs 4 is small, on the other hand.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment discloses another electric vehicle 100, which is different from embodiment 1 in that the electric vehicle 100 includes a switch frame 3, the switch frame 3 is located above a vehicle beam 11, and a quick-change bracket 2 is connected to the vehicle beam 11 through the switch frame 3. The connection of the battery pack 4 is made more stable by adding an additional adapter frame 3.

Specifically, the adaptor frame 3 includes two relatively parallel longitudinal beams 32 and a plurality of relatively parallel cross beams 31, two ends of the two cross beams 31 are respectively connected with the two longitudinal beams 32, the longitudinal beams 32 extend along the length direction of the vehicle body, and the cross beams 31 extend along the width direction of the vehicle body.

The rectangular frame formed by the plurality of cross beams 31 and the longitudinal beams 32 not only ensures that the structure of the transfer frame 3 is firm and unexpected, but also ensures that the quick-change bracket 2 is more firm when being connected with the transfer frame 3, and the stability of the connection between the battery pack 4 and the quick-change bracket 2 is increased.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment discloses another electric vehicle 100, which is different from embodiment 1 in that the quick-change bracket 2 includes three independent bracket bodies 21, the three independent bracket bodies 21 being distributed along the length direction of the vehicle body, each bracket body 21 forming a battery pack accommodating area; the locking mechanism is arranged at the side part of the bracket body. Each of the independent bracket bodies 21 adopts a frame structure, has high structural strength and is favorable for weight reduction, and specifically, similarly to embodiment 1, each of the bracket bodies 21 has two first support beams 201 disposed at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle body and two second support beams 202 extending along the length direction of the vehicle body, and the first support beams 201 and the second support beams 202 are surrounded to form a rectangular frame structure. The number of the bracket bodies 21 and the positions of the bracket bodies relative to the vehicle beam 11 can be adjusted according to the internal layout of the electric vehicle 100 and the structure of the battery pack 4 so as to adapt to electric vehicles 100 of different models, and the arrangement of the integrated quick-change bracket 2 is more flexible than that of the integrated quick-change bracket.

In other alternative embodiments, a different number of independent bracket bodies 21 may be provided according to actual needs, which is not particularly limited herein.

Example 4

The present embodiment discloses another electric vehicle 100, which is different from embodiment 1 in that: the quick-change bracket 2 in this embodiment includes two sets of branch brackets that set up along the length direction interval of automobile body, and at least one side of branch bracket forms the battery package and holds the district, and branch bracket includes a plurality of segmentation roof beams that set up along the length direction interval of automobile body, and segmentation roof beam connects in automobile beam 11, is provided with locking mechanism on the at least lateral wall of segmentation roof beam. The number of the sectional beams can be increased or reduced according to actual needs, the flexibility is high, and the stability of the installation of the battery pack 4 is improved conveniently.

In some cases, the quick-change bracket 2 in embodiment 4 can be regarded as a structure in which the second support beam 202 is omitted from the quick-change bracket in embodiment 1, and in this case, the first support beam 201 in this modification of embodiment 1 can be regarded as a segmented beam.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are all based on the orientation or positional relationship of the device or component when in normal use, and are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and to simplify the description, rather than to indicate or imply that the device or component in question must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A battery-powered vehicle, comprising:

a vehicle body;

2. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 1, wherein the locking member comprises an expanding bead assembly, the locking mechanism comprises a lock seat, and the expanding bead assembly is detachably connected with the lock seat to independently lock the battery pack on the quick-change bracket;

Or, the locking piece comprises a lock seat, the locking mechanism comprises a bead expansion assembly, and the bead expansion assembly is detachably connected with the lock seat so as to independently lock the battery pack on the quick-change bracket.

3. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 2, wherein the bead expansion assembly or the lock seat is disposed at a middle position of the battery pack, and the bead expansion assembly or the lock seat penetrates through the battery pack.

4. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 2, wherein the bead assembly or lock base is floatingly connected to the battery pack.

5. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 2, wherein the bead assembly or lock base is floatingly connected to the quick change bracket.

6. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 2, wherein the lock base has a locking chamber open to the bead assembly, the bead assembly being extendable into the locking chamber and at least a portion of the bead assembly being engageable with the locking chamber to effect locking of the battery pack and the quick-change bracket.

7. The battery powered vehicle of claim 6, wherein the bead assembly includes a connecting post, a locking portion and a drive portion, the locking portion being disposed within the connecting post and the connecting post being provided with a locking aperture allowing at least a portion of the locking portion to extend out, the drive portion being at least partially disposed within the connecting post and being operable to drive the locking portion between a locked position and an unlocked position;

8. The battery exchange vehicle as set forth in claim 7, wherein the driving part comprises a driving screw and a driving ball at one end of the driving screw, the driving ball is disposed in the connecting column and movably connected or abutted against the locking part, the driving screw part is disposed in the connecting column in a penetrating manner and can move up and down relative to the connecting column so that the driving ball can move toward one side of the locking part to drive the locking part to move to the locking position or can move away from one side of the locking part to drive the locking part to move to the unlocking position.

9. The battery exchange vehicle according to claim 7, wherein a portion of the locking portion protruding from the locking hole has a mating surface facing an inner side wall of the locking chamber, the locking chamber has an engagement surface corresponding to the mating surface, and the mating surface and the engagement surface are matched in shape.

10. The battery powered vehicle of claim 2, wherein the bead lock arrangement further comprises an anti-rotation and anti-back arrangement coupled to the bead and/or the lock base to prevent relative rotational movement between the bead and the lock base.

11. The battery-powered vehicle of claim 1, wherein the number of battery packs is at least two; the locking pieces are arranged in the edge area of each battery pack so as to be independently locked or unlocked at the bottom of the battery-powered vehicle.

12. The battery-powered vehicle of claim 11, wherein a plurality of said locking members are further disposed in a central region of each of said battery packs.

13. The battery-powered vehicle according to claim 12, wherein when the plurality of locking pieces are located in the intermediate region, the plurality of locking pieces are distributed in the longitudinal direction or the width direction of the vehicle body;

and/or the locking piece located in the middle area is connected to the bottom of the battery-changing vehicle along the height direction of the battery-changing vehicle.

14. The battery-powered vehicle of claim 12, wherein the locking member located in the intermediate region extends through the battery pack.

15. The battery exchange vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the lock mechanisms are provided in an edge region of the battery pack accommodating region in a vehicle body length direction and/or a width direction of the battery exchange vehicle.

16. The battery powered vehicle of claim 15, wherein a plurality of said locking mechanisms are further disposed in a middle region of said battery pack receiving area.

17. The battery powered vehicle of claim 16, wherein when there are a plurality of locking mechanisms located in the intermediate region, the plurality of locking mechanisms are distributed in the longitudinal direction or the width direction of the vehicle body.

18. The battery-changing vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the quick-change bracket comprises a bracket body, the bracket body is of a frame structure, the bracket body comprises a plurality of first supporting beams arranged at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle body and a plurality of second supporting beams extending along the length direction of the vehicle body, the second supporting beams are respectively connected to two ends of the first supporting beams, the first supporting beams and the second supporting beams are connected and enclosed to form the frame structure, and a space between two adjacent first supporting beams along the length direction of the vehicle body forms the battery pack accommodating area; the locking mechanism is arranged on the side part of the first supporting beam.

19. The battery changing vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the locking member is located at or below a middle portion of the battery pack in a height direction of the battery pack.

20. The battery exchange vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the battery pack is located at the bottom of the vehicle beam or the battery pack portion is higher than the lower surface of the vehicle beam in the height direction of the vehicle body.

21. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 1, wherein the quick-change bracket comprises two sets of sub-brackets spaced apart along the length of the body, at least one side of the sub-brackets defining the battery pack receiving area, the sub-brackets comprising a plurality of segmented beams spaced apart along the length of the body, the segmented beams being connected to the vehicle beams, at least an outer side wall of the segmented beams being provided with the locking mechanism.

22. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 1, wherein said quick-change bracket includes a plurality of individual bracket bodies, said plurality of individual bracket bodies being distributed along a length of said body, each of said bracket bodies defining a battery pack receiving area; the locking mechanism is arranged at the side part of the bracket body.

23. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 18 or 22, wherein a plurality of the locking mechanisms are oppositely disposed in the battery pack receiving area of the bracket body along the length direction of the vehicle body.

24. The battery powered vehicle of claim 23, wherein at least two of said locking mechanisms are provided on one side of said battery pack receiving area along a length direction of said vehicle body, and at least two of said locking mechanisms are provided at intervals along a width direction of said vehicle body.

25. The electric vehicle of claim 18, characterized in that the quick-change bracket includes a first connecting beam extending in a length direction of the vehicle body and a second connecting beam extending in a direction perpendicular to the ground along the vehicle body, and the quick-change bracket is connected to a side portion of the vehicle beam through the first connecting beam and the second connecting beam.

26. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 25, wherein the quick-change bracket includes a plurality of first reinforcing ribs and a plurality of second reinforcing ribs, a plurality of the first reinforcing ribs being disposed in spaced relation between the first connecting beam and the bracket body, a plurality of the second reinforcing ribs being disposed in spaced relation between the first connecting beam and the second connecting beam.

27. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 1, wherein the quick-change bracket further comprises a connector assembly including a vehicle end connector and a mounting member, the mounting member being disposed in each of the battery pack receiving areas, the mounting member being connected to the quick-change bracket, the vehicle end connector being disposed on the mounting member.

28. The battery powered vehicle of claim 27, wherein said mounting member includes a support beam and a support plate, said support plate being connected to said quick change bracket by said support beam, said vehicle end connector being disposed on said support plate,

or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,

29. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 27, wherein the number of said vehicle beams is two, two of said vehicle beams being symmetrically disposed along a central axis of said body in a length direction of said vehicle body, said mounting member being located between two of said vehicle beams.

30. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 1, further comprising a first stop mechanism mounted on the quick-change bracket for mating with a locating hole in the top of the battery pack to locate the battery pack.

31. The battery exchange vehicle according to claim 18, further comprising second stopper mechanisms provided at opposite ends in a length direction of the vehicle body and opposite ends in a width direction of the vehicle body.

32. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 31, wherein the second limiting mechanism comprises a limiting seat and a limiting member, one of the limiting seat and the limiting member is arranged on the battery pack, the other is arranged on the bracket body, and an elastic sheet is arranged on the limiting seat and is contacted with the elastic sheet through the limiting member so as to position the battery pack.

33. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 32, wherein the ends of the resilient tabs are angled to form a guide ramp.

34. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 1, wherein the quick-change bracket further comprises a protective plate that covers the top of the battery pack.

35. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 34, wherein a bumper pad is provided on a side of the protective plate facing the top of the battery pack, and/or an avoidance portion is provided on a side of the protective plate facing the top of the battery pack.

36. The battery-powered vehicle of claim 1, wherein the battery-powered vehicle is an electric truck.