CN116345179B - Transparent window with intelligent regulation and control function for high-frequency communication signals and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Transparent window with intelligent regulation and control function for high-frequency communication signals and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116345179B CN116345179B CN202310630707.XA CN202310630707A CN116345179B CN 116345179 B CN116345179 B CN 116345179B CN 202310630707 A CN202310630707 A CN 202310630707A CN 116345179 B CN116345179 B CN 116345179B
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
- H01Q15/002—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective said selective devices being reconfigurable or tunable, e.g. using switches or diodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
- H01Q15/0026—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective said selective devices having a stacked geometry or having multiple layers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
Abstract
The application discloses a transparent window with an intelligent regulation function for high-frequency communication signals and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the transparent window comprises a transparent substrate, a transparent conductive array and a regulation unit, the transparent conductive array and the regulation unit are arranged on the transparent substrate, the regulation unit is nested in the transparent conductive array, and the regulation unit and the transparent conductive array form conductive patterns; the regulating unit is used for regulating the electromagnetic property of the conductive pattern. According to the application, the conductive transparent conductive array and the regulating and controlling unit are arranged on the transparent substrate, and the conductive performance of the regulating and controlling unit is changed by external excitation such as electricity, light and heat, so that the electromagnetic property of the whole conductive pattern is influenced, the transparent window can flexibly regulate and control and switch the wave front properties such as transmission, reflection, focusing and deflection of high-frequency electromagnetic waves, and the use requirements in more scenes are met.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of transparent windows, in particular to a transparent window with an intelligent regulation and control function for high-frequency communication signals and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the improvement of the living standard and the continuous improvement of living concepts of people, the proportion of using high-performance transparent windows in the aspects of buildings, vehicles, living equipment and the like is higher and higher requirements on the use performance of the transparent windows are also put forward. At present, few researchers use metal grids as conductive media, glass as a transparent substrate, realize substrate spacing control by means of piezoelectric phenomena of lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramics (lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramics, PZT ceramics for short), design a lens with higher light transmittance, realize focal spot position modulation by a Fresnel-zone-plate (FZP) principle, and apply the focal spot position modulation to the glass to prepare a transparent window; some researchers also use varactors or PIN diodes in the microwave frequency range, combine Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) or a sub-wavelength structure of a metal copper film, and use a field programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) to regulate the capacitance or switch of the diodes so as to realize the direct modulation of the wave front of a transparent window wave beam; some researchers have designed optically transparent millimeter wave antennas using high optical transparency films and transparent media such as glass for the material core.
However, the performance of the conductive structure arranged on the conventional transparent window is fixed, so that the electromagnetic properties of the formed transparent window are fixed, the transparent window can only be used in specific places, and the requirements on the use environment are high, so that the transparent window has the defects of single function, incapability of regulation and control and limited use scene.
Accordingly, the prior art is still in need of improvement and development.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the application aims to provide a transparent window with an intelligent regulation function for high-frequency communication signals and a manufacturing method thereof, and aims to solve the problems of rigid structure, single function and limited use scene of the conventional transparent window.
The technical scheme of the application is as follows:
the transparent window with the intelligent regulation and control function for the high-frequency communication signals comprises a transparent base material, a transparent conductive array and a regulation and control unit, wherein the transparent conductive array is arranged on the transparent base material; the regulating and controlling unit is arranged on the transparent substrate and is nested in the transparent conductive array; the regulating and controlling unit and the transparent conductive array form a conductive pattern; the regulating and controlling unit is used for regulating and controlling the electromagnetic property of the conductive pattern.
The transparent window with the intelligent regulation and control function for the high-frequency communication signals comprises a transparent substrate, wherein the transparent substrate comprises one of soda lime glass, quartz glass, high borosilicate glass, high alumina glass, silicon dioxide crystals, sapphire, a gallium nitride substrate, a silicon carbide substrate, a lithium niobate substrate, a polyethylene substrate, a polypropylene substrate, a polymethyl methacrylate substrate and a polycarbonate substrate.
The transparent window with the intelligent regulation and control function for the high-frequency communication signals, wherein the thickness of the transparent base material is 1-60 mm, and the dielectric constant is 2-12.
The transparent window with the intelligent regulation and control function for the high-frequency communication signals is characterized in that the transparent conductive array is a transparent conductive oxide film array or a metal grid.
The transparent window with the intelligent regulation and control function for the high-frequency communication signals comprises an antimony single-element film, a tellurium single-element film, a germanium-antimony double-element film, an antimony-tellurium double-element film, a germanium-antimony-tellurium triple film, a graphene film, an organic conductive polymer film, a phase-change material vanadium dioxide film, a transparent thin film transistor, a transparent Schottky thin film diode and one of an organic electrochemical transistor.
The transparent window with the intelligent regulation and control function for high-frequency communication signals, wherein a transparent medium film layer is arranged on one side of the transparent substrate facing the transparent conductive array, and the transparent conductive array and the regulation and control unit are both arranged on one side of the transparent medium film layer, which is away from the transparent substrate.
The transparent window with the intelligent regulation and control function for the high-frequency communication signals, wherein the thickness of the transparent medium thin layer is 25-1000 microns, and the dielectric constant is 1-4.
The transparent window with the intelligent regulation and control function for the high-frequency communication signals is characterized in that an adhesive layer is arranged on one side of the transparent medium thin layer, which faces the transparent substrate, and comprises one of an ethylene vinyl acetate layer, a polyvinyl butyral layer, a polyurethane layer and a polyethylene terephthalate layer; and the thickness of the adhesive layer is 5-100 micrometers.
The application also discloses a manufacturing method for manufacturing the transparent window with the intelligent regulation and control function for the high-frequency communication signals, which comprises the following steps:
providing a transparent substrate;
performing first coating on the transparent substrate to obtain a transparent conductive film layer;
etching the transparent conductive film layer to obtain a transparent conductive array;
and (3) performing secondary coating on the transparent substrate, and embedding the regulating and controlling unit into the transparent conductive array to finish the manufacture of the transparent window.
The manufacturing method comprises the steps that the transparent conductive film layer is manufactured on the transparent substrate in a magnetron sputtering, vacuum evaporation, chemical vapor deposition or ink-jet electronic printing mode;
and preparing the transparent conductive array on the transparent conductive film layer by adopting a wet etching or laser etching mode.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the application has the following advantages:
the transparent window with the intelligent regulation and control function for the high-frequency communication signals disclosed by the application takes the transparent base material as a main body, and the transparent base material is provided with the conductive transparent conductive array and the regulation and control unit, so that the whole light transmittance is good. In the use, the electric conductivity of the regulating and controlling unit is changed through external excitation such as electricity, light, heat and the like, and the electromagnetic property of the whole conductive pattern is further influenced, so that the transparent window can flexibly regulate and control and switch the wave front properties such as transmission, reflection, focusing, deflection and the like of high-frequency electromagnetic waves, the problem that the existing light transparent window is single in function and cannot be modulated is solved, the effect of intelligent and controllable regulation of the wave front transmission properties such as transmission, reflection, deflection, focusing and the like of high-frequency communication signals such as high-frequency millimeter waves, centimeter waves and the like is achieved, and the use requirements in more scenes can be met by modifying the existing building outer wall glass, automobile glass, high-speed rail glass, aircraft cabin covers, unmanned aerial vehicle communication windows, solar cover plates and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort to those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a transparent window with intelligent regulation and control functions for high-frequency communication signals in the application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a transparent window with intelligent regulation and control function for high-frequency communication signals in the application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a conductive pattern according to the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another transparent window with intelligent control function for high-frequency communication signals according to the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of another transparent window with intelligent control function for high frequency communication signals according to the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another conductive pattern according to the present application;
fig. 7 is a graph showing the effect of a transparent window with intelligent regulation and control function on high-frequency communication signals on 28GHz millimeter waves.
Wherein, 10, transparent base material; 20. a transparent conductive array; 21. a composite unit; 211. a mountain-shaped conductive part; 2111. a middle end; 2112. a side end; 212. a connection section; 213. a conductive block; 30. a regulation unit; 40. a conductive pattern; 50. a thin layer of transparent medium; 60. an adhesive layer; 70. and (5) conducting wires.
Detailed Description
In order to make the present application better understood by those skilled in the art, the following description will make clear and complete descriptions of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present application, a transparent window having an intelligent regulation function for high-frequency communication signals is disclosed, wherein the transparent window comprises a transparent substrate 10, a transparent conductive array 20 and a regulation unit 30, wherein the transparent conductive array 20 is disposed on the transparent substrate 10; the regulating and controlling unit 30 is arranged on the transparent base material 10, and the regulating and controlling unit 30 is nested in the transparent conductive array 20; the regulating unit 30 and the transparent conductive array 20 form a conductive pattern 40; the adjusting and controlling unit 30 is used for adjusting and controlling the electromagnetic property of the conductive pattern 40.
The transparent window with the intelligent regulation and control function for the high-frequency communication signals disclosed by the embodiment is applied to the use scene with special requirements for optical transmittance and regulation and control of the high-frequency communication signals, and has the function of intelligent regulation and control on the performances of the intensity, phase, polarization and the like of the high-frequency communication signals.
Specifically, the transparent substrate 10 is taken as a main body, the conductive transparent conductive array 20 and the regulating and controlling unit 30 are arranged on the transparent substrate 10, the transparent window in the optical wave band has higher transmittance, and the whole light transmittance is good. In the use process, the electric conductivity of the regulating and controlling unit 30 is changed by external excitation such as electricity, light and heat, so that the electromagnetic property of the whole conductive pattern 40 is influenced, the transparent window can flexibly regulate and switch the wave front properties such as transmission, reflection, focusing and deflection of high-frequency electromagnetic waves in the millimeter wave high-frequency communication frequency band, and the problem that the existing optical transparent window is single in function and cannot be modulated is solved. The embodiment achieves the effect of intelligent controllable adjustment of the wavefront transmission characteristics of high-frequency communication signals such as high-frequency millimeter waves, centimeter waves and the like, such as transmission, reflection, deflection, focusing and the like, can reform the existing building outer wall glass, automobile glass, high-speed rail glass, aircraft cabin covers, unmanned aerial vehicle communication windows, solar cover plates and the like, and meets the use requirements in more scenes.
Specifically, the conductive pattern 40 disclosed in another implementation of the present embodiment may be provided on the surface of either side of the transparent substrate 10, or the conductive pattern 40 may be provided on the surface of both sides of the transparent substrate 10. For example, a transparent window applied to a building material window, the transparent conductive array 20 and the regulating unit 30 can be arranged on the side of the transparent window facing the indoor so as to reduce sundries or rainwater contact in the air; the transparent conductive array 20 and the regulating unit 30 can be arranged on one side of the transparent window facing outdoors to reduce the collision with indoor articles; or the transparent conductive arrays 20 and the regulating and controlling units 30 are arranged at the two sides of the building material window at the same time, so that the regulating and controlling capability of the building material window on high-frequency communication signals is enhanced.
In general, with the rapid development of high-frequency electromagnetic waves in commercial, civil and military systems, there is a great demand for adjustable devices and equipment having optical transparency, efficient transmission/reflection of high-frequency signals such as millimeter waves and centimeter waves, and the like, in many application fields. The transparent window with the intelligent regulation function for the high-frequency communication signals disclosed in the embodiment can support wireless high-frequency communication frequency bands including millimeter waves and centimeter waves, wherein the frequency ranges related to millimeter wave communication (sometimes called extremely high frequency communication) and centimeter wave communication are mainly 10 GHz-300 GHz. The transmission wavefront of the high-frequency communication signal can effectively and intelligently regulate and control the characteristics of transmission, reflection, focusing or deflection, and the like, thereby providing possibility for developing an intelligent transparent window and being beneficial to adapting the transparent window to the requirements of various application occasions. The application has the greatest advantage that the transmission or shielding of the high-frequency communication signal can be variably regulated and controlled in a simple electric control or temperature control mode, the transmission switch ratio is higher than 400, preferably higher than 500, and the waveform, polarization, focusing, deflection and the like of the communication signal are controllably designed, so that the application can be widely applied to transparent windows with special requirements for waveform or communication transmission control, including but not limited to windshields, display glass and building glass on transportation means.
As another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, there is disclosed a manufacturing method for manufacturing a transparent window having an intelligent regulation function for a high-frequency communication signal as described above, comprising:
s100, providing a transparent substrate;
s200, performing first film coating on the transparent substrate to obtain a transparent conductive film layer;
s300, preparing a transparent conductive array by etching the transparent conductive film layer;
s400, performing second coating on the transparent substrate, and embedding the regulating and controlling unit into the transparent conductive array to finish manufacturing the transparent window.
The manufacturing method disclosed in this embodiment uses the structure of the transparent conductive array 20, the regulating unit 30 and the transparent substrate 10 as the basis by performing multiple coating on the transparent substrate 10, and uses the response of the regulating unit 30 to electricity, light and heat to change the conductive performance, even the on-off control of the circuit, especially the intelligent regulation and control of the transmission/reflection wavefront of the high-frequency communication signal, especially the critical electromagnetic characteristics such as amplitude, phase and the like. Finally, the intelligent transparent window with the advantages of high visible light transmittance, adjustable high-frequency communication signal transmission characteristics, high adjustment flexibility and the like can be obtained.
Specifically, as an implementation manner of this embodiment, the transparent conductive film layer is disclosed to be formed on the transparent substrate 10 by using magnetron sputtering, vacuum evaporation, chemical vapor deposition or inkjet electronic printing.
Specifically, in another implementation manner of this embodiment, it is disclosed that the transparent conductive film layer may also be indirectly plated, for example, the transparent conductive array 20 is first formed on a first transparent plastic thin layer, where the first transparent plastic thin layer includes at least one of Polyimide (PI), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA); and then is compounded with the first transparent substrate 10 by the thermoplastic material. Among them, thermoplastic materials include polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA), polyurethane (PU), and the like.
Specifically, as another implementation manner of this embodiment, a method of manufacturing the transparent conductive array 20 on the transparent conductive film layer by wet etching or laser etching is disclosed.
Specifically, the transparent conductive array 20 disclosed in the present embodiment may be arranged periodically or non-periodically. As shown in fig. 3, the transparent conductive film layer is formed into a plurality of complex units 21 by etching in a periodic arrangement, and a regulating unit 30 is embedded between the upper and lower complex units 21 of each column.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the composite unit 21 disclosed in the present embodiment includes a pair of symmetrically arranged mountain-shaped conductive parts 211, two mountain-shaped conductive parts 211 are conducted through one connecting section 212, and two ends of the connecting section 212 are respectively conducted with the middle positions of the two mountain-shaped conductive parts 211; each of the mountain-shaped conductive parts 211 includes a middle end 2111 and two side ends 2112 on both sides, the middle end 2111 is slightly shorter than the side ends 2112, and the middle end 2111 is provided with a transverse conductive block 213; the regulating unit 30 is embedded between two opposite side ends 2112 of two adjacent composite units 21, and two opposite conductive blocks 213 of two adjacent composite units 21 are opposite to each other. Therefore, the transparent conductive array 20 disclosed in this embodiment has high structural symmetry, and the composite units 21 are arranged regularly, so that the space can be utilized to the maximum, and the effect of adjusting and controlling the amplitude parameter, phase, polarization, bandwidth and the like of electromagnetic wave transmission, reflection, focusing or deflection signals is improved.
According to the embodiment, the response state of the induced electric field on each composite unit 21 along with the voltage change is regulated, the flexible and controllable array design is carried out on the phase, the amplitude and the like of radiation, and further the intelligent regulation and control are carried out on the characteristics of reflection, transmission and the like of scattered or radiated wave fronts, so that the modulation of high-frequency communication signals has more ideal effects. In addition, the arrangement or digital control of the composite units 21 can be realized by different arrangement modes, so that the multi-functional shaping control of the transmitted waves, such as beam scanning, deflection, convergence, multi-beam, vortex field and the like, can be realized.
Specifically, as another implementation manner of the present example, the transparent substrate 10 is disclosed to include one of soda lime glass, quartz glass, high borosilicate glass, high alumina glass, silica crystal, sapphire, gallium nitride substrate, silicon carbide substrate, lithium niobate substrate, polyethylene substrate, polypropylene substrate, polymethyl methacrylate substrate, and polycarbonate substrate. The transparent substrate 10 disclosed in this embodiment is used for supporting the transparent conductive array 20 and the control unit 30, and is used in various places such as building material windows, vehicle windows, aircraft cabins, unmanned aerial vehicle lenses, solar cell cover plates and the like in practical application, and also needs to have certain hardness, so that glass, silicon dioxide, sapphire or plastics are adopted as the transparent substrate, so that the transparent substrate has a supporting effect, has good light transmittance, and meets the light transmittance requirement.
Specifically, the transparent substrate 10 disclosed in this embodiment is preferably a gallium nitride substrate, a silicon carbide substrate, a lithium niobate substrate, a polyethylene substrate, a polypropylene substrate, a polymethyl methacrylate substrate, a polycarbonate substrate, or a mixture of high molecular compounds such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethyl methacrylate, and polycarbonate. The organic plastic is mature in processing process, low in manufacturing cost, and easy to mold and mix, so that the transparent substrate 10 in this embodiment can be manufactured conveniently.
Specifically, as another implementation manner of this example, the thickness of the transparent substrate 10 is 1-60 mm, and the dielectric constant is 2-12. The thickness, size, dimension, shape and number of layers of the transparent substrate 10 disclosed in this embodiment can be selected according to the requirements of each application. The transparent substrate 10 having a thickness of 1 to 60 mm and a dielectric constant of 2 to 12 is most suitably selected in consideration of the strength, light transmittance and the like of the transparent substrate 10 in practical use.
Specifically, as another implementation manner of this embodiment, the transparent conductive array 20 is disclosed as a transparent conductive thin film array or a metal mesh (metal mesh). The transparent conductive oxide film is manufactured on the transparent substrate 10, so that the high light transmittance of the whole transparent window can be maintained; the volume of the metal mesh is relatively small, and the overall light transmission effect is not affected when the metal mesh is arranged on the transparent substrate 10.
Specifically, when the transparent conductive array 20 is a metal mesh, it may include at least one of a metal film, a conductive oxide film, and a conductive polymer film, and the surface resistance of the transparent conductive layer should be less than or equal to 6 ohm/square, and preferably less than or equal to 3 ohm/square. It can also be made by multi-layer lamination of various conductive films including but not limited to gold, silver, copper, aluminum, indium tin oxide, aluminum zinc oxide, arsenic trioxide, fluorine doped zinc oxide, graphene, PEDOT, etc. Wherein, when metals such as gold, silver, copper, aluminum and the like are selected to be made into metal grids, a metal film with the thickness of 5-15 nanometers and the surface resistance of 0.01-1 ohm/square is preferably selected; selecting conductive oxide films such as indium tin oxide/aluminum zinc oxide/fluorine doped zinc oxide with the thickness of 5-500 nanometers and the area resistance of 0.7-3 ohm/square; the final manufactured metal mesh has a thickness of 1-10 microns.
The transparent conductive layer prepared by the application has good infrared reflection performance, namely lower emissivity, so that the finally manufactured transparent window can reflect infrared rays, thereby being beneficial to reducing energy consumption and saving resources, and simultaneously meeting the requirements of low carbon, green color, high light transparency, intelligent and controllable high-frequency signals and the like.
Specifically, as another implementation of the present example, the control unit 30 is disclosed to include an antimony (Te) monobasic film, a tellurium (Sb) monobasic film, a germanium-antimony (Ge-Te) dibasic film, an antimony-tellurium (Sb-Te) dibasic film, a germanium-antimony-tellurium (Ge-Sb-Te) tribasic film, a graphene film, an organic conductive polymer film, a phase change material vanadium dioxide (VO 2 ) One of a thin film, a transparent thin film transistor, a transparent schottky thin film diode, and an organic electro-chemical transistor. In actual manufacturing, according to the conditions of the use place of the transparent window, the specific regulation and control unit 30 of parameters such as amplitude parameter, phase and polarization is selected according to the requirements, and the dielectric constant or conductivity of the material is changed according to the chemical characteristics of different lattice states before and after the phase transition temperature by selecting the phase transition material, so that the transmission characteristic of the high-frequency communication signal is changed. Taking the vanadium dioxide film as an example of the regulating unit 30, when the external temperature exceeds the phase transition temperature Tc, the vanadium dioxide is converted from a dielectric state to a conductive state, and the integral connection characteristic of the unit structure is changed, so that the switching effect on millimeter wave communication is realized aiming at the conversion of the original transmission state of the high-frequency communication signal to the shielding state.
In the manufacturing process, the regulating and controlling units 30 are nested in the transparent conductive array 20 and can also serve as a part of the transparent conductive array 20, and the sizes, the positions and the number of the regulating and controlling units 30 are reasonably distributed on the premise that the whole light transmittance of the transparent window is not affected, so that the electromagnetic characteristics of the whole surface of the transparent window are consistent, and the situation that local electromagnetic characteristics are different is avoided.
As shown in fig. 4, specifically, as another implementation manner of this embodiment, a transparent medium thin layer 50 is disposed on a side of the transparent substrate 10 facing the transparent conductive array 20, and the transparent conductive array 20 and the regulating unit 30 are both disposed on a side of the transparent medium thin layer 50 facing away from the transparent substrate 10. In this embodiment, by setting the transparent dielectric thin layer 50 as a transition, a certain protection effect is provided for the transparent conductive array 20 and the regulating unit 30, so as to avoid the situation that the transparent conductive array 20 or the regulating unit 30 falls off from the transparent substrate 10.
Specifically, as another implementation of this example, the thickness of the transparent dielectric thin layer 50 is 25-1000 micrometers, and the dielectric constant is 1-4.
As another implementation of this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, an adhesive layer 60 is disposed on a side of the transparent medium thin layer 50 facing the transparent substrate 10, and the adhesive layer 60 includes one of an ethylene vinyl acetate layer, a polyvinyl butyral layer, a polyurethane layer, and a polyethylene terephthalate layer; and, the thickness of the adhesive layer 60 is 5-100 micrometers. In this embodiment, the adhesive layer 60 is provided to connect the transparent substrate 10 and the transparent medium thin layer 50, so as to improve the connection stability of the overall structure of the transparent window, and avoid cracking and delamination during use.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the types of the transparent substrate 10, the transparent conductive array 20, the control unit 30 and the transparent medium thin layer 50 are merely exemplified, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and as long as the transmittance of the transparent substrate 10, the transparent conductive array 20, the control unit 30 and the transparent medium thin layer 50 in the visible light band with the wavelength of 380-800 nm is greater than 50%, preferably greater than 70%, the technical effects disclosed in the present application can be achieved, and the equivalent substitution of the concept of the present application shall be also included in the protection scope of the present application.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, in another embodiment of the present application, it is disclosed that the transparent conductive array 20 may be etched into a plurality of composite units 21 arranged in an array. By arranging one conductive line at each of both ends of the transparent conductive array 20 in the lateral direction, conducting by an external voltage (V in fig. 6 indicates a voltage supplied by an external power source), and arranging a plurality of conductive wires 70 between the two conductive lines, the conductive wires 70 are arranged in a gap between two adjacent columns of the composite units 21, the conductive wires 70 are connected to the regulating units 30 at both sides from the lateral side, and the regulating units 30 are subjected to voltage or current excitation, thereby controlling the phase change of the regulating units 30. The wires 70 and the transparent conductive array 20 may be etched from a transparent conductive thin film layer.
For example, the adjusting and controlling unit 30 takes a vanadium dioxide film as an example, when the excitation voltage on the wire 70 is gradually loaded, so that the vanadium dioxide can be changed in phase, the dielectric state is changed into the conductive state, and the transmission of the high-frequency communication signal is changed from the transmission state into the shielding state, thereby changing the electromagnetic characteristic of the transparent window, and providing possibility for further deep and intelligent adjusting and controlling and modulating. As shown in fig. 7, the abscissa represents the frequency; the ordinate indicates the network parameter S21, which is the most commonly used network parameter in microwave and radio frequency circuits, S21 being an indicator describing the transmission characteristics of the circuit. The S21 parameter of the transparent window is obviously changed in the simulation and test states of no loading bias voltage and loading bias voltage on the visible lead 70, and the transparent window has obvious switching effect on 28GHz millimeter wave transmission or shielding.
In summary, the application discloses a transparent window with intelligent regulation and control function for high-frequency communication signals, which comprises a transparent substrate 10, a transparent conductive array 20 and a regulation and control unit 30, wherein the transparent conductive array 20 is arranged on the transparent substrate 10; the regulating and controlling unit 30 is arranged on the transparent base material 10, and the regulating and controlling unit 30 is nested in the transparent conductive array 20; the regulating unit 30 and the transparent conductive array 20 form a conductive pattern 40; the adjusting and controlling unit 30 is used for adjusting and controlling the electromagnetic property of the conductive pattern 40. The transparent window with intelligent regulation and control function for high-frequency communication signals disclosed in the embodiment takes a transparent base material 10 as a main body, and a conductive transparent conductive array 20 and a regulation and control unit 30 are arranged on the transparent base material 10, so that the whole light transmittance is good. In the use process, the electric conductivity of the regulating and controlling unit 30 is changed by external excitation such as electricity, light and heat, so that the electromagnetic property of the whole conductive pattern 40 is influenced, the transparent window can flexibly regulate and switch the wave front properties such as transmission, reflection, focusing and deflection of high-frequency electromagnetic waves, the problem that the existing light transparent window is single in function and cannot be modulated is solved, the effect of intelligently and controllably regulating the wave front transmission properties such as transmission, reflection, deflection and focusing of high-frequency communication signals such as high-frequency millimeter waves and centimeter waves is achieved, and the use requirements in more scenes can be met by modifying the existing building outer wall glass, automobile glass, high-speed rail glass, aircraft cabin covers, unmanned aerial vehicle communication windows, solar cover plates and the like.
It should be noted that, the structure of the multilayer transparent substrate 10 according to the embodiment of the present application may be modified according to the type, thickness, number of layers, thickness, size of the conductive pattern 40, or the like of each layer of the multilayer transparent substrate 10.
Disclosed in the embodiments of the present application is a conventional alternative scheme of combining multiple types of control units 30 with the transparent conductive array 20 based on a single-layer transparent conductive array 20 and a single control unit 30 design, and when multiple types of control units 30 are provided, the control units may be combined with the transparent conductive array 20 in the same layer or may be combined in multiple layers on a multi-layer structure.
The pattern of the transparent conductive array 20 proposed by the present application is merely illustrative and not exhaustive, and thus, if other patterns are substituted, the combination of the transparent conductive array 20 and the adjusting and controlling unit 30 is not changed, and the present application still falls within the scope of protection.
It should also be noted that embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The application also describes the specific structure and working principle of the application by taking the transparent window with the intelligent regulation and control function for the high-frequency communication signals as an example, but the application of the application is not limited by the transparent window with the intelligent regulation and control function for the high-frequency communication signals, and the application can be applied to the production and the use of other similar workpieces.
It is to be understood that the application is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown in the drawings, which have been described above, and that various modifications and changes may be effected without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the application is not intended to limit the application to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the application are intended to be included within the scope of the application.
Claims (9)
1. The manufacturing approach of a transparent window with intelligent regulation and control function to the high-frequency communication signal, characterized by, the said transparent window with intelligent regulation and control function to the high-frequency communication signal includes:
a transparent substrate;
a transparent conductive array disposed on the transparent substrate;
the regulation and control unit is arranged on the transparent substrate and is nested in the transparent conductive array; the regulating and controlling unit and the transparent conductive array form a conductive pattern; the regulating and controlling unit is used for regulating and controlling the electromagnetic property of the conductive pattern;
the manufacturing method of the transparent window with the intelligent regulation and control function for the high-frequency communication signals comprises the following steps:
providing a transparent substrate;
performing first coating on the transparent substrate to obtain a transparent conductive film layer;
etching the transparent conductive film layer to obtain a transparent conductive array;
performing second coating on the transparent substrate, and embedding a regulating and controlling unit into the transparent conductive array to finish the manufacture of the transparent window;
the transparent conductive film layer comprises a plurality of composite units which are arranged periodically, and the regulating and controlling units are embedded between the upper composite unit and the lower composite unit of each column;
the composite unit comprises symmetrically arranged mountain-shaped conductive parts, the two mountain-shaped conductive parts are communicated through a connecting section, and two ends of the connecting section are respectively communicated with the middle positions of the two mountain-shaped conductive parts; each of the mountain-shaped conductive parts comprises a middle end and two side end heads on two sides, wherein the middle end head is slightly shorter than the side end heads, and a transverse conductive block is arranged on the middle end head; the regulating and controlling units are embedded between the two opposite side ends of the adjacent two composite units, and the two opposite conductive blocks of the adjacent two composite units are opposite to each other.
2. The method for manufacturing a transparent window with an intelligent regulation function for high-frequency communication signals according to claim 1, wherein the transparent substrate comprises one of soda lime glass, quartz glass, high borosilicate glass, high alumina glass, silica crystal, sapphire, gallium nitride substrate, silicon carbide substrate, lithium niobate substrate, polyethylene substrate, polypropylene substrate, polymethyl methacrylate substrate, and polycarbonate substrate.
3. The method for manufacturing a transparent window having an intelligent regulation function for high-frequency communication signals according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the transparent substrate has a thickness of 1 to 60 mm and a dielectric constant of 2 to 12.
4. The method for manufacturing a transparent window with intelligent regulation and control function for high-frequency communication signals according to claim 1, wherein the transparent conductive array is a transparent conductive oxide film array or a metal grid.
5. The method for manufacturing a transparent window with intelligent regulation and control function for high-frequency communication signals according to claim 1, wherein the regulation and control unit comprises one of an antimony-based film, a tellurium-based film, a germanium-antimony binary-based film, an antimony-tellurium binary-based film, a germanium-antimony-tellurium ternary film, a graphene film, an organic conductive polymer film, a phase-change material vanadium dioxide film, a transparent thin film transistor, a transparent schottky thin film diode and an organic electrochemical transistor.
6. The method for manufacturing the transparent window with the intelligent regulation and control function for the high-frequency communication signals according to claim 1, wherein a transparent medium thin layer is arranged on one side, facing the transparent conductive array, of the transparent substrate, and the transparent conductive array and the regulation and control unit are both arranged on one side, facing away from the transparent substrate, of the transparent medium thin layer.
7. The method for manufacturing a transparent window with intelligent regulation and control function for high-frequency communication signals according to claim 6, wherein the thickness of the transparent dielectric thin layer is 25-1000 micrometers, and the dielectric constant is 1-4.
8. The method for manufacturing a transparent window with intelligent regulation and control function for high-frequency communication signals according to claim 6, wherein an adhesive layer is arranged on one side of the transparent medium thin layer facing the transparent substrate, and comprises one of an ethylene vinyl acetate layer, a polyvinyl butyral layer, a polyurethane layer and a polyethylene terephthalate layer; and the thickness of the adhesive layer is 5-100 micrometers.
9. The method for manufacturing the transparent window with the intelligent regulation and control function for the high-frequency communication signals according to claim 1, wherein the transparent conductive film layer is manufactured on the transparent substrate by adopting a magnetron sputtering, vacuum evaporation, chemical vapor deposition or inkjet electronic printing mode;
and preparing the transparent conductive array on the transparent conductive film layer by adopting a wet etching or laser etching mode.
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