CN116333753B - Site repair material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Site repair material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116333753B CN116333753B CN202310577010.0A CN202310577010A CN116333753B CN 116333753 B CN116333753 B CN 116333753B CN 202310577010 A CN202310577010 A CN 202310577010A CN 116333753 B CN116333753 B CN 116333753B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a site restoration material, a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of soilless restoration ecological environment treatment. The pH value of the biomass material can be obviously reduced and the water retention capacity of the biomass material can be improved through puffing and fermentation treatment, so that the alkalinity of the gold mine rock-soil stripper is neutralized by the biomass material in the mixing process, the air permeability of the site repair material and the cohesiveness of the gold mine rock-soil stripper are improved by combining with the biomass material, and the formation of a soil aggregate structure is promoted. The site repair material does not need to add soil in the preparation process, and is suitable for ecological repair of areas with lack of surface soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soilless restoration ecological environment treatment, in particular to a site restoration material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Under the current large background of ecological civilization construction, the win-win of how to realize development and protection is more and more important, so that the land reclamation and ecological restoration work of the industrial field are imperative. In actual work, land reclamation is limited by local natural resource conditions, and land reclamation strategies are required to be formulated according to local conditions.
Soil reconstruction is the core of land reclamation, and the quality of the reconstructed soil directly determines the land reclamation condition. In the land reclamation quality control standard (TD/T1036-2013), the effective soil layer thickness should be larger than 30cm when the reclamation application is other grasslands in the northern grassland area. In the process of mining the strip mine, a dumping site is constructed in a stacking mode of a platform and a side slope, and the dumping mode can cause the increase of the surface area of the earth, so that the insufficient amount of the earth for covering the earth is caused. Thus, for areas where topsoil is lacking, selection of a topsoil substitute becomes critical to the soil reconstitution process.
In view of the above, it is necessary to design a site repair material prepared by using gold mine rock-soil peeler, and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a site repair material, and a preparation method and application thereof. Under the condition of not using soil, the waste materials are used as main raw materials to prepare the site repair material with higher water retention, fertilizer retention and air permeability, so as to be used for ecological repair in areas with lack of surface soil.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing a site repair material, comprising the steps of:
s1, after crushing and puffing biomass materials, adding a preset amount of organic fertilizer and microbial inoculum, uniformly stirring, fermenting, air-drying and crushing to obtain biomass mixed materials;
s2, mixing the pretreated water conservancy waste, the gold mine rock-soil stripping material and the biomass mixed material prepared in the step S1 in a certain proportion to obtain the site repair material.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the step S2, the volume ratio of the water conservancy waste, the gold mine rock-soil stripper and the biomass mixed material is (40-80): (10-40): (10-40).
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, the crushing and puffing treatment is performed as follows: pulverizing the biomass material into a pulverized body with the particle size less than or equal to 200mm, controlling the water content within the range of 40% -55%, and putting the pulverized body into a bulking machine for bulking; the puffing temperature is 100-130 ℃, the puffing pressure is 1.0-1.5MPa, and the puffing time is 0.25-2 h.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the step S1, the fermentation temperature of the fermentation is 40-60 ℃ and the fermentation time is 15-30 days.
As a further improvement of the invention, in step S1, the mass ratio of the biomass material, the organic fertilizer and the microbial inoculum is (60-95): (0-40): (0.1-0.5).
As a further improvement of the invention, the biomass material is agricultural waste, including any one or a mixture of a plurality of corn stalks, wheat stalks and pasture; the organic fertilizer comprises any one or a mixture of a plurality of cow dung and sheep dung; the microbial inoculum comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, paenibacillus mucilaginosus and aspergillus niger.
In step S2, the water conservancy waste is reservoir sludge, and the pretreatment is to air-dry and crush the reservoir sludge to make the water content of the reservoir sludge be 5% -15%.
As a further improvement of the invention, the particle size of the biomass mixed material is less than or equal to 1mm; the gold ore rock-soil stripping material is gold ore waste powder, and the particle size of the gold ore waste powder is less than or equal to 1mm.
The invention also provides a field restoration material, which is prepared by the preparation method of the field restoration material according to any one of the technical schemes.
The invention also provides an application of the field repair material, which comprises the following steps: the site restoration material prepared by using the gold mine rock-soil stripper is used as an ecological restoration matrix, a certain thickness is paved on the site to be restored, a certain amount of water is sprayed, the water content is kept between 10 and 30 percent, the site restoration material is piled for 3 to 7 days under natural conditions, and plant seeds are sown.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
after the biomass material is puffed and fermented, the biomass material is mixed with gold mine rock-soil stripping materials with the particle size below 1mm and water conservancy wastes according to a preset proportion, so that the site repair material prepared by the gold mine rock-soil stripping materials is obtained. According to the puffing and fermentation treatment, on one hand, the biomass material can be subjected to hydrolysis reaction through puffing, polysaccharide is hydrolyzed into monosaccharide, meanwhile, acidic substances are generated, and the continuous fermentation treatment is combined, so that the monosaccharide is fully utilized by microorganisms to generate lactic acid and volatile fatty acid, the pH value of the biomass material is further reduced to 4.5-5.0, and the alkalinity of gold mine rock and soil peelings is neutralized by the biomass material in the mixing process, so that the pH value of a mixed system meets the growth requirements of plants and microorganisms; on the other hand, the bulk of the biomass material is primarily enhanced through puffing, and the bulk of the biomass material is further improved due to the volume expansion caused by enzymolysis in the fermentation process, so that the water retention capacity of the biomass material can be effectively improved, the subsequent fermentation time can be effectively shortened through puffing, and the time cost is reduced.
The biomass material with higher bulk degree can improve the air permeability and water retention capacity of the site restoration material, can improve the cohesiveness of gold rock and soil peelings through the use of water conservancy wastes, and promotes the formation of soil aggregate structures, so that the water retention capacity and the fertilizer retention capacity of the site restoration material are improved, and the site restoration material prepared by the method has higher water retention, fertilizer retention and air permeability, and is beneficial to plant growth.
The site repair material does not need to add soil in the preparation process, and is suitable for ecological repair of areas with lack of surface soil. The site after the ecological restoration method is restored has good greening effect, excellent water and soil conservation capability, no secondary pollution is generated in the process of technological construction test operation, the site almost has no hidden danger of direct and indirect environmental pollution after the ecological restoration, the resource utilization of waste substances is realized, the soilless ecological restoration target is achieved, the ecological restoration cost is reduced, the resource utilization rate of harmful substances is improved, and the environmental and social benefits are obvious.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a site repair material prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention due to unnecessary details, only structures and/or processing steps closely related to aspects of the present invention are shown in the drawings, and other details not greatly related to the present invention are omitted.
In addition, it should be further noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention provides a preparation method of a site repair material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, after crushing and puffing biomass materials, adding a preset amount of organic fertilizer and microbial inoculum, uniformly stirring, fermenting, air-drying and crushing to obtain biomass mixed materials;
s2, mixing the pretreated water conservancy waste with the gold mine rock-soil stripper and the biomass mixed material prepared in the step S1 in a certain proportion to obtain the site repair material.
Specifically, in step S1, the biomass material is agricultural waste, including any one or a mixture of several of corn stalk, wheat stalk and pasture. The biomass material can increase the fertility of the site repair material, regulate the growth performance of crops and improve the stress resistance of the crops, thereby improving the adaptability and ecological stability of the crops.
Specifically, in step S1, the organic fertilizer includes any one or a mixture of several of cow dung and sheep dung; the microbial inoculum is commercial microbial inoculum and comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, paenibacillus mucilaginosus and aspergillus niger; the mass ratio of the biomass material to the organic fertilizer to the microbial inoculum is (60-95): (0-40): (0.1-0.5); the crushing and puffing treatment operation comprises the following steps: pulverizing biomass material into pulverized body with particle diameter less than or equal to 200mm, controlling water content within 40% -55%, putting into a bulking machine for bulking, naturally cooling to normal temperature, wherein the bulking temperature is 100-130 ℃, the bulking pressure is 1.0-1.5MPa, and the bulking time is 0.25-2 h.
Specifically, in step S1, the fermentation operation is as follows: manufacturing an arch-shaped stack with the length of 1.5-3 m and the width of 0.75-1.5 m, coating a film on the upper end of the arch-shaped stack, and fermenting for 15-30 days at the temperature of 40-60 ℃, wherein the stack is turned every 5-10 days, and water is sprayed periodically at the same time, so that the water content of the arch-shaped stack is between 60% and 70%.
Specifically, in step S1, the air-drying and pulverizing operations are as follows: after the fermentation of the biomass material is completed, the biomass material is air-dried in a cool and ventilated place, so that the water content of the biomass material is kept between 5% and 15%, and then the biomass material is crushed into powder with the particle size less than or equal to 1mm, so that the biomass mixed material is obtained.
Specifically, in step S2, the volume ratio of the water conservancy waste, the gold mine rock-soil stripper and the biomass mixed material is (40-80): (10-40): (10-40), and controlling the water content of the mixed system within the range of 10-20%.
Specifically, in the step S2, the water conservancy waste is reservoir sludge, and the pretreatment is to air-dry and crush the reservoir sludge, so that the water content of the reservoir sludge is 5% -15%.
Specifically, the gold ore rock-soil stripping material is gold ore waste powder, and comprises waste powder generated by rock-soil stripping in the gold mine surface mining process, wherein the particle size of the gold ore waste powder is less than or equal to 1mm so as to improve the germination rate of plants.
The invention also provides a site repairing material, which is prepared according to the preparation method of the site repairing material, and by taking the gold mine rock-soil stripper as the main body of the site repairing material, the in-situ ecological environment repairing of the gold mine polluted site is realized by utilizing wastes, meanwhile, the waste production amount in the gold mine exploitation process is reduced, and compared with the foreign soil, the gold mine rock-soil stripper also contains essential nutrient substances for the growth of crops. The site restoration material prepared by the invention can be used for restoring desertification and desertification sites, restoring sites polluted by heavy metals and metalloids, restoring sites with ecological destruction such as tailing ponds, barren rock sites and the like.
The invention also provides an application of the field repair material, which comprises the following steps: the site restoration material prepared by using the gold mine rock and soil peels is used as an ecological restoration matrix, 20-50cm of the site to be restored is paved, a certain amount of water is sprayed, the water content is kept between 10% and 30%, the site restoration material is piled for 3-7 days under natural conditions, and plant seeds are sown.
Specifically, the plant seeds include ryegrass, festuca arundinacea, and bermuda grass.
The preparation method and application of the field restoration material provided by the invention are described below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a site repair material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing wheat straw into crushed bodies with the particle size less than or equal to 200mm, controlling the water content to be within a range of 40% -55%, putting the crushed bodies into a bulking machine, bulking for 1h under the conditions that the bulking temperature is 120 ℃ and the bulking pressure is 1.3MPa, naturally cooling to normal temperature, adding cow dung and a microbial inoculum, and uniformly stirring to obtain a biomass material to be fermented; wherein, the mass ratio of the wheat straw to the cow dung to the microbial inoculum is 80:19.7:0.3;
s2, preparing the biomass material to be fermented in the step S1 into an arch-shaped stack with the length of 2 m and the width of 1.2 m, covering a film at the upper end of the arch-shaped stack, and fermenting for 20 days at the temperature of 40-60 ℃, wherein the stack is turned once every 5 days, and water is sprayed periodically at the same time, so that the water content of the arch-shaped stack is between 60% and 70%; after the fermentation of the biomass material is completed, air-drying the biomass material at a cool and ventilated place to keep the water content between 5% and 15%, and then crushing the biomass material into powder with the particle size less than or equal to 1mm to obtain a biomass mixed material;
s3, air-drying and crushing reservoir sludge to enable the water content to be 5% -15%, and mixing the reservoir sludge with gold mine waste powder with the particle size less than or equal to 1mm and the biomass mixed material prepared in the step S2 in a volume ratio of 60:20:20 to obtain the site repair material, as shown in fig. 1.
Examples 2 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2
Examples 2-3 and comparative examples 1-2 respectively provide a preparation method of a site repair material, and compared with example 1, in example 2 and example 3, the fermentation time in step S2 is respectively adjusted from 20 days to 15 days and 30 days, the wheat straw is not puffed in comparative example 1, the fermentation time in step S2 is adjusted from 20 days to 3 days in comparative example 2, and the rest of the steps are identical to those in example 1, and are not repeated here.
The pH and nutrient content of the site repair materials prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were measured, and the results are shown in the following table.
TABLE 1 pH and nutrient detection results of field restoration materials prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2
| Examples | pH | N（%） | P（%） | K（%） | Organic matter (%) | Humus (%) | Water retention (%) |
| Example 1 | 7.74 | 0.254 | 0.172 | 2.93 | 14.0 | 7.39 | 43.44 |
| Example 2 | 7.91 | 0.238 | 0.121 | 2.62 | 12.8 | 6.68 | 41.02 |
| Example 3 | 7.70 | 0.250 | 0.143 | 2.75 | 11.9 | 6.25 | 44.08 |
| Comparative example 1 | 8.16 | 0.036 | 0.093 | 2.63 | 2.79 | 1.47 | 37.96 |
| Comparative example 2 | 8.37 | 0.022 | 0.093 | 2.38 | 4.23 | 2.23 | 32.99 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the pH values of the site repair materials prepared in comparative examples 1 and 2 are both high, which indicates that the pH value of the site repair material is affected by the fact that the site repair material is not subjected to puffing treatment and the fermentation time is short, so that the site repair material cannot meet the plant growth requirements; meanwhile, the N, P, K, organic matter, humus content and water holding capacity of comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 were lower than those of examples 1 to 3.
Application example 1
The site repairing material prepared in the embodiment 1 is paved on a site to be repaired for 30cm, a certain amount of water is sprayed to keep the water content of the site repairing material at 10% -30%, the site repairing material is piled for 7 days under natural conditions, ryegrass seeds are sown, watering is carried out regularly, plants are in a healthy growth state, and the vegetation growth state is good within 60 days, and the coverage can reach more than 90%.
In summary, the site repair material and the preparation method and application thereof disclosed by the invention can obviously reduce the pH value and improve the water retention capacity by puffing and fermenting the biomass material, so that the alkalinity of the gold mine rock-soil stripper is neutralized by the biomass material in the mixing process, and the pH value of a mixed system can meet the growth requirements of plants and microorganisms. The biomass material with higher bulk improves the air permeability and water retention capacity of the site restoration material, and simultaneously improves the cohesiveness of gold mine rock-soil peelings and promotes the formation of soil aggregate structures through the use of water conservancy wastes, so that the water retention and fertilizer retention capacity of the site restoration material is improved, and the site restoration material prepared by the method has higher water retention, fertilizer retention and air permeability, and is beneficial to plant growth. The site repair material does not need to add soil in the preparation process, and is suitable for ecological repair of areas with lack of surface soil.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The preparation method of the site repair material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, after crushing and puffing biomass materials, adding a preset amount of organic fertilizer and microbial inoculum, uniformly stirring, fermenting, air-drying and crushing to obtain biomass mixed materials; the fermentation time is 15-30 days; the fermentation operation is as follows: manufacturing an arch-shaped stack with the length of 1.5-3 m and the width of 0.75-1.5 m, coating a film on the upper end of the arch-shaped stack, fermenting for 15-30 days at the temperature of 40-60 ℃, turning the stack once every 5-10 days, and spraying water periodically to ensure that the water content of the arch-shaped stack is between 60% and 70%; the crushing and puffing treatment operation comprises the following steps: pulverizing the biomass material into a pulverized body with the particle size less than or equal to 200mm, controlling the water content within the range of 40% -55%, and putting the pulverized body into a bulking machine for bulking; the puffing temperature is 100-130 ℃, the puffing pressure is 1.0-1.5MPa, and the puffing time is 0.25-2 h; the biomass material is agricultural waste, and is selected from any one or a mixture of a plurality of corn stalks, wheat stalks and pastures; the organic fertilizer is selected from any one or a mixture of a plurality of cow dung and sheep dung; the microbial inoculum is bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, paenibacillus mucilaginosus and aspergillus niger; the mass ratio of the biomass material to the organic fertilizer to the microbial inoculum is (60-95): (0-40): (0.1-0.5), and wherein the organic fertilizer has a duty cycle other than 0;
s2, mixing the pretreated water conservancy waste with the gold mine rock-soil stripper and the biomass mixed material prepared in the step S1 in a certain proportion to obtain a site repair material; the water content of the pretreated water conservancy waste is 5-15%; the water conservancy waste is reservoir sludge, and the pretreatment is to air-dry and crush the reservoir sludge; the volume ratio of the water conservancy waste, the gold mine rock-soil stripper and the biomass mixed material is (40-80): (10-40): (10-40).
2. The method for preparing a site repair material according to claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the biomass mixed material is less than or equal to 1mm; the gold ore rock-soil stripping material is gold ore waste powder, and the particle size of the gold ore waste powder is less than or equal to 1mm.
3. A field restoration material, characterized in that it is prepared according to the preparation method of the field restoration material as defined in any one of claims 1-2.
4. Use of a field repair material according to claim 3, comprising the steps of: the site restoration material prepared by using the gold mine rock-soil stripper is used as an ecological restoration matrix, 20-50cm of the site to be restored is paved, water is sprayed to keep the water content of the site restoration material at 10% -30%, and plant seeds are sown after stacking for 3-7 days under natural conditions.
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| CN115608759A (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-01-17 | 长春黄金研究院有限公司 | Soilless repair method for cyanide slag in tailing pond |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115608759A (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-01-17 | 长春黄金研究院有限公司 | Soilless repair method for cyanide slag in tailing pond |
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| Title |
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| 戴广翠等.矿区植被保护与生态恢复技术及政策研究.地质出版社,2012,第75页. * |
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