CN116330760A - 一种亚克力与镂空金属的复合结构及其复合工艺 - Google Patents
一种亚克力与镂空金属的复合结构及其复合工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及层状产品技术领域,尤其是涉及一种亚克力与镂空金属的复合结构及其复合工艺,首先将下层的亚克力板粘接面进行铣槽处理,预留一圈胶槽,接着在亚克力板粘接面的表面铺设多个亚克力垫块,然后将镂空金属板盖至亚克力垫块上方,亚克力板和镂空金属板之间形成浇注腔,从镂空金属板的镂空口向浇注腔内灌注液态亚克力复合料,进入浇注腔后的液态亚克力复合料会因自身的流动性向四周自流,最终将浇注腔内的所有空隙填充满。该亚克力与镂空金属的复合结构通过在镂空金属板和亚克力板之间预留浇注空间,不仅使复合后的结构更加牢靠,同时也为复合结构的收缩膨胀提供了缓冲空间。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及层状产品技术领域,尤其是涉及一种亚克力与镂空金属的复合结构及其复合工艺。
背景技术
随着时代的发展,越来越多的新型材料被应用于建筑景观的设计中,亚克力材料因其自身透光性好、密度小、耐候性好等优点,被设计师大量的使用,而为了更好的凸显设计的多元性,亚克力也经常被用来和不锈钢等金属材料相互配合使用。
然而,工程师在将两种不同材质相互匹配的过程中也会遇到诸多问题,首先,亚克力和金属的受热膨胀变形系数不同,在相同温度下会产生不同程度的膨胀变形;当两种材料复合尺寸较小时,膨胀变形的差距较小,不会对结构稳定性产生太大的影响,但当两种材料复合尺寸都超过一定程度时,两者的膨胀变形量有了较大的差距,复合成型后的材料会从两者结构复合处开始断裂脱落。其次,亚克力与其他材料的常规复合使用的是包埋工艺,即使用亚克力液态料包覆住其他材料,待液态料固化后形成材料的复合。
而当设计方案需要将金属板附着在亚克力表面时,就无法使用包埋工艺来进行材料的复合,同时,如果使用常规的胶水进行点式粘接,无法满足两种材料复合后的受力要求;并且在设计过程中,设计师为了更好地展示亚克力的通透性,表面附着的金属板多设计为镂空结构,辅以灯光照射后,两种材料复合处的点胶痕迹就十分明显,犹如补丁一般,影响整体美观。
发明内容
为了解决现有金属与亚克力的点胶粘接方式牢固性差且影响整体美观的问题,本发明提供了一种亚克力与镂空金属的复合结构及其复合工艺,通过在镂空金属板和亚克力板之间预留浇注空间,不仅使复合后的结构更加牢靠,同时也为复合结构的收缩膨胀提供了缓冲空间。
本发明提供一种亚克力与镂空金属的复合结构,包括亚克力板和镂空金属板,镂空金属板上开设有镂空口,还包括若干亚克力垫块,若干亚克力垫块置于亚克力板和镂空金属板之间,使亚克力板和镂空金属板之间形成有用于粘接的浇注腔,浇注腔与镂空口连通,浇注腔内灌注有液态亚克力复合料。通过若干亚克力垫块的设置,在亚克力板和镂空金属板之间预留出用于灌注复合材料的浇注腔,便于将复合材料从金属板的镂空口灌入,以提高粘接稳定性。
进一步地,亚克力板具有一与镂空金属板复合的粘结面,粘结面的外缘开设有胶槽,胶槽内填充有透明结构胶。透明结构胶的设置,不仅能有效防止复合材料从浇注腔四周的缝隙流出,而且空腔封闭边界比常规胶带粘接稳定性更好。
进一步地,透明结构胶填充于亚克力板和镂空金属板之间。透明结构胶没有突出于复合板结构,更加美观。
进一步地,亚克力垫块的厚度为1.5-3mm。
进一步地,胶槽的宽度为8-10mm,胶槽的深度为4-6mm。
一种亚克力与镂空金属的复合结构的复合工艺,步骤如下:
步骤一:首先将下层的亚克力板粘接面的四周边缘进行铣槽处理,预留一圈胶槽;
步骤二:对铣槽完毕后的亚克力板进行水平调校放置,保证其整体的水平;
步骤三:接着在亚克力板粘接面的表面铺设多个亚克力垫块,保证将镂空金属板稳定抬起;
步骤四:然后将镂空金属板盖至亚克力垫块上方,此时,亚克力板和镂空金属板之间形成浇注腔;
步骤五:待镂空金属板盖放完毕后,使用气喷枪清理干净亚克力板和镂空金属板之间的灰尘与杂质;
步骤六:紧接着使用透明结构胶填充步骤一中的胶槽,将浇注腔四周进行密闭处理;
步骤七:从镂空金属板的镂空口向浇注腔内灌注液态亚克力复合料,进入浇注腔后的液态亚克力复合料会因自身的流动性,向四周进行自流,最终将浇注腔内的所有空隙填充满,待液态亚克力复合料凝固后,即完成亚克力板和镂空金属板的复合。
通过在亚克力板与镂空金属板之间铺设亚克力垫块,以形成浇注腔,将镂空金属板盖合到亚克力垫块上以后,可直接从镂空口向浇注腔内灌注亚克力复合料,利用液态亚克力复合料的自流实现亚克力板与镂空金属板的稳固粘接。
进一步地,步骤二中的亚克力板的粘结面经铣面处理。保证亚克力板表面的整体平整性。
进一步地,步骤七中的灌注液态亚克力复合料为多次灌注。有效防止液态亚克力复合料溢出镂空金属板表面的情况。
进一步地,步骤七中的液态亚克力复合料中包括MMA粘合剂。MMA能有效增强亚克力与金属之间的粘接。
进一步地,步骤七中的液态亚克力复合料中还包括MBS增韧剂。MBS增加了复合结构的韧性,使其可以随着亚克力与金属一同膨胀收缩,防止脱落。
本发明的有益效果在于:
(1)本发明提供一种亚克力与镂空金属的复合结构,通过在镂空金属板和亚克力板之间预留浇注空间,不仅使粘接后的复合结构更加牢靠,同时也为复合结构的收缩膨胀提供了缓冲空间,从而有效防止亚克力和金属在相同温度下因膨胀不同而崩开脱落;
(2)本发明提供一种亚克力与镂空金属的复合结构的复合工艺,通过多次灌注方式,可以有效防止液态亚克力复合料溢出镂空金属板表面的情况;通过在亚克力复合料中增加MMA,提高耐剪切、耐剥离及冲击应力,增加MBS,降低了亚克力复合料在硬化后的脆性,提高了其冲击强度和延伸率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施方式,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是复合结构的示意图;
图2是镂空金属板的示意图;
图中1.亚克力板,11.粘结面,12.胶槽,2.镂空金属板,21.镂空口,3.亚克力垫块,4.浇注腔,5.透明结构胶。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。
为了解决传统亚克力与金属的粘接方式牢固性差且影响美观的问题,设计一种亚克力与镂空金属的复合结构,如图1和2所示,包括亚克力板1和镂空金属板2,镂空金属板2上开设有镂空口21,还包括若干亚克力垫块3,若干亚克力垫块3置于亚克力板1和镂空金属板2之间,使亚克力板1和镂空金属板2之间形成有用于粘接的浇注腔4,浇注腔4与镂空口21连通,浇注腔4内灌注有液态亚克力复合料。通过若干亚克力垫块3使亚克力板1和镂空金属板2之间预留出2mm灌注亚克力复合料的浇注腔4,浇注腔4为复合料提供了自流空间,复合完成后整体平整性更优,结合更牢靠,同时也为复合结构的收缩膨胀提供了缓冲空间。
为了防止亚克力复合料从浇注腔4四周空隙处漏料,亚克力板1具有一与镂空金属板2复合的粘结面11,粘结面11的外缘开设有胶槽12,胶槽12内填充有透明结构胶5。将浇注腔4四周进行密闭处理,确保在后期注料过程中,亚克力复合料不会从浇注腔4四周漏料,可以使复合结构边缘位置更易处理,透明结构胶5作为浇注腔4封闭边界,比常规胶带稳定性更佳,且相互结合更加紧密。
为了保证结构美观,透明结构胶5填充于亚克力板1和镂空金属板2之间,使透明结构胶5不突设于复合板结构外部,增加美感。
保证粘接稳定性的前提下,将亚克力垫块3的厚度设置为1.5-3mm,优选为2mm。将胶槽12的宽度设置为8-10mm,优选为10mm,胶槽12的深度设置为4-6mm,优选为5mm。
一种亚克力与镂空金属的复合结构的复合工艺,复合工艺步骤如下:步骤一:首先将下层的亚克力板1粘接面的四周边缘进行铣槽处理,预留一圈胶槽12;步骤二:对铣槽完毕后的亚克力板1进行水平调校放置,保证其整体的水平,防止在灌注复合料的过程中,复合料向单一方向汇聚,形成积聚,影响粘接效果;步骤三:接着在亚克力板1粘接面的表面铺设多个亚克力垫块3,保证将镂空金属板2稳定抬起,制造两块板间的空腔,相邻亚克力垫块3间的具体间隔按照镂空金属板2上镂空口21的间隙密度进行铺设;步骤四:然后将镂空金属板2盖至亚克力垫块3上方,此时,亚克力板1和镂空金属板2之间形成浇注腔4;步骤五:待镂空金属板2盖放完毕后,使用气喷枪清理干净亚克力板1和镂空金属板2之间的灰尘与杂质,确保无杂质影响粘接和结构整体观感;步骤六:紧接着使用透明结构胶5填充步骤一中的胶槽12,将浇注腔4四周进行密闭处理,确保在后期注料过程中,复合料不会从空腔四周空隙处漏料;步骤七:从镂空金属板2的镂空口21向浇注腔4内灌注液态亚克力复合料,进入浇注腔4后的液态亚克力复合料会因自身的流动性,向四周进行自流,将浇注腔4内的所有空隙填充满,待液态亚克力复合料凝固后,即完成亚克力板1和镂空金属板2的复合。
为了保证亚克力表面的整体平整性,在复合前会对亚克力板1的粘结面11进行铣面处理。由于大幅面的镂空金属板2在定位吊运过程中,会存在一定量的变形翘曲,所以在灌注复合料过程中仍有可能会出现复合料溢出金属板表面的情况发生,针对此类情况,可多次少量灌注复合料。至于相邻亚克力垫块3间的具体铺设间隔按照镂空金属板2上镂空口21的间隙密度进行铺设,如果金属板上的镂空口21比较密的话,就考虑以“井”字的形式铺设垫块,如果金属板上的镂空口21比较稀的话,就考虑以“非”字的形式铺设垫块,垫块上下左右的间距是200mm。
亚克力复合料的主要成分为MMA(即甲基丙烯酸甲酯),是亚克力与亚克力之间拼接使用的常规复合料,MMA可在室温下快速固化,施工后不久就具有完全的粘结强度,该粘合剂耐剪切,剥离和冲击应力。从技术角度来看粘合过程,此粘合剂通过产生放热聚合反应而起作用,聚合反应是单体分子在化学反应中反应形成聚合物链的过程,这意味着粘合剂在保持柔韧性的同时形成强大的粘合。这些粘合剂能够在具有不同柔韧性的不同材料(如金属和塑料)之间形成粘合,与其他一些结构性粘合剂(如双组分环氧树脂)不同,MMA不需要加热即可固化,MMA比环氧树脂脆性小,可以填补很大空隙,具有比氨基甲酸酯更高的粘合强度以及更好的耐冲击性和抗疲劳性,还具有良好的化学和环境抗性,以及快速的固化速度,复合粘接处的拉伸强度可达到亚克力拉伸强度的65%,同时MMA无色及常温固化等特性也更加契合亚克力这种透明材料。
当其用于亚克力与金属材料的复合时,为了解决两种材料因不同的线性膨胀系数造成不同位移的情况,就需要对其配方进行优化与修改,设法增大其固化后的伸展性,降低脆性,增大韧性,提高承载能力,使得复合料能够在亚克力与金属膨胀位移时跟随其一起变形收缩,同时还保留复合料原有的粘合力。因此在亚克力复合料中,还增加了少量MBS增韧剂(1kg MMA中约添加58gMBS),以降低复合料在硬化后的脆性,提高其冲击强度和延伸率。增韧剂是具有降低复合材料脆性和提高复合材料抗冲击性能的一类助剂,MBS这类增韧剂是通过特殊的化学增聚和物理作用,在少量使用的条件下,能够有效增加各种塑性材料的韧性。这样,经过含MMA和MBS特殊配比的复合料就能够在粘接住两种不同材质的同时,提供给其膨胀位移空间,从而有效防止两种材料在相同温度下因膨胀不同而崩开脱落。
以上说明对本发明而言只是说明性的,而非限制性的,本领域普通技术人员理解,在不脱离所附权利要求所限定的精神和范围的情况下,可做出许多修改、变化或等效,但都将落入本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种亚克力与镂空金属的复合结构,包括亚克力板(1)和镂空金属板(2),所述镂空金属板(2)上开设有镂空口(21),其特征在于,还包括若干亚克力垫块(3),若干所述亚克力垫块(3)置于所述亚克力板(1)和所述镂空金属板(2)之间,使所述亚克力板(1)和所述镂空金属板(2)之间形成有用于粘接的浇注腔(4),所述浇注腔(4)与镂空口(21)连通,所述浇注腔(4)内灌注有液态亚克力复合料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种亚克力与镂空金属的复合结构,其特征在于:所述亚克力板(1)具有一与镂空金属板(2)复合的粘结面(11),所述粘结面(11)的外缘开设有胶槽(12),所述胶槽(12)内填充有透明结构胶(5)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种亚克力与镂空金属的复合结构,其特征在于:所述透明结构胶(5)填充于亚克力板(1)和镂空金属板(2)之间。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种亚克力与镂空金属的复合结构,其特征在于:所述亚克力垫块(3)的厚度为1.5-3mm。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种亚克力与镂空金属的复合结构,其特征在于:所述胶槽(12)的宽度为8-10mm,所述胶槽(12)的深度为4-6mm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种亚克力与镂空金属的复合结构的复合工艺,其特征在于:
步骤一:将下层的亚克力板(1)粘接面的四周边缘进行铣槽处理,预留一圈胶槽(12);
步骤二:对铣槽完毕后的亚克力板(1)进行水平调校放置,保证其整体的水平;
步骤三:在亚克力板(1)粘接面的表面铺设多个亚克力垫块(3),保证将镂空金属板(2)稳定抬起;
步骤四:将镂空金属板(2)盖至亚克力垫块(3)上方,此时,亚克力板(1)和镂空金属板(2)之间形成浇注腔(4);
步骤五:待镂空金属板(2)盖放完毕后,使用气喷枪清理干净亚克力板(1)和镂空金属板(2)之间的灰尘与杂质;
步骤六:使用透明结构胶(5)填充步骤一中的胶槽(12),将浇注腔(4)四周进行密闭处理;
步骤七:从镂空金属板(2)的镂空口(21)向浇注腔(4)内灌注液态亚克力复合料,进入浇注腔(4)后的液态亚克力复合料会因自身的流动性,向四周进行自流,将浇注腔(4)内的所有空隙填充满,待液态亚克力复合料凝固后,即完成亚克力板(1)和镂空金属板(2)的复合。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种亚克力与镂空金属的复合结构的复合工艺,其特征在于:所述步骤二中的亚克力板(1)的粘结面(11)经铣面处理。
8.根据权利要求6所述的一种亚克力与镂空金属的复合结构的复合工艺,其特征在于:所述步骤七中的灌注液态亚克力复合料为多次灌注。
9.根据权利要求6所述的一种亚克力与镂空金属的复合结构的复合工艺,其特征在于:所述步骤七中的液态亚克力复合料中包括MMA粘合剂。
10.根据权利要求8所述的一种亚克力与镂空金属的复合结构的复合工艺,其特征在于:所述步骤七中的液态亚克力复合料中还包括MBS增韧剂。
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