CN116328022A - 可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法及应用 - Google Patents
可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法及应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法,首先以壳聚糖CS为基体,采用碳二亚胺偶联法制备贻贝仿生改性壳聚糖Cat‑CS,以N‑异丙基丙烯酰胺NIPAm和2‑丙烯酰胺基‑2‑甲基丙磺酸AMPS为单体,采用自由基溶液聚合法制备温敏聚合物PNAM;然后在冰水浴条件下,依次将PNAM溶液与NaHCO3溶液滴加入贻贝仿生改性壳聚糖Cat‑CS溶液中,持续搅拌,随后恒温水浴形成水凝胶粘合剂,最后冷冻干燥得到干凝胶。本发明还公开了可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的应用。本发明解决了现有技术中存在的生物相容性差、交联速度缓慢以及在潮湿条件下粘合剂无法有效粘附的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医用高分子材料制备技术领域,具体涉及一种可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法,本发明还涉及一种可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的应用。
背景技术
每年有1.14亿例由于创伤事故、慢性创伤和外科手术切口等引起的组织创伤,传统缝合的方法存在操作复杂耗时、易造成二次损伤、术后需要移除等缺点,也不适用于血管缝合、眼部手术、神经修复等复杂敏感的手术,愈合过程中由于空气和体液泄漏造成细菌感染,严重时甚至危及生命。开发新型组织粘合剂来代替传统缝合材料具有重要的理论意义和实际应用价值。
水凝胶作为一种新型的组织粘合剂,具有独特的三维网络结构,表现出固有的柔韧性、可控的机械强度和良好的生物相容性。然而,大量的水与水凝胶相互作用,严重削弱了其粘附能力,需要开发一种新型水凝胶作为组织粘合剂,使其在潮湿条件下与界面具有牢固的粘附能力。研究发现,海洋贻贝能够在海浪不断冲刷下牢固粘附在各种材料表面,这种超强的万能粘附及湿粘附能力归因于贻贝分泌的粘附蛋白,主要成分是3,4-二羟基苯丙氨酸,其侧链的邻苯二酚基团在粘附过程中起着关键性的作用,即通过氢键、配位、静电相互作用、阳离子-π相互作用和π-π相互作用等实现水下粘附。
体液环境下的粘合性、高韧性以及生物相容性是医用组织粘合剂面临的挑战,而现有技术大多应用于皮肤表面创伤,存在湿粘附能力弱、无法修复深层创伤、无法应用于敏感或形状不规则部位的缺陷,大大限制了其应用范围。壳聚糖因其固有的组织粘附性、抗菌止血、无毒、可生物降解等特性,是目前制备粘合剂最常用的天然聚合物。以贻贝仿生改性壳聚糖为基体,构建一种可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂,具有快速交联、抑菌抗菌、抗湿粘附能力强等特点;既可用于组织表面的创伤闭合,也可作为注射液用于治疗体内的深层损伤,应用范围更加广泛,治疗效果更加明显。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法,解决了现有技术中存在的生物相容性差、交联速度缓慢以及在潮湿条件下粘合剂无法有效粘附的问题。
本发明另一目的是提供一种可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的应用。
本发明所采用的第一技术方案是,可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法,具体按照以下步骤实施:
步骤1、以壳聚糖CS为基体,采用碳二亚胺偶联法制备贻贝仿生改性壳聚糖Cat-CS;
步骤2、以N-异丙基丙烯酰胺NIPAm和2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸AMPS为单体,采用自由基溶液聚合法制备温敏聚合物PNAM;
步骤3、将Cat-CS溶于去离子水中制备得到贻贝仿生改性壳聚糖Cat-CS溶液,然后配制PNAM溶液与NaHCO3溶液;在冰水浴条件下,依次将PNAM溶液与NaHCO3溶液滴加入贻仿生改性壳聚糖Cat-CS溶液中,持续搅拌,随后恒温水浴形成水凝胶粘合剂,最后冷冻干燥得到干凝胶。
本发明第一技术方案的特点还在于,
步骤1具体按照以下步骤实施:
将壳聚糖CS溶解于盐酸溶液中,并调节pH至1.5~1.7,然后加入氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至5.3~5.5,得到溶液A,将3,4-二羟基苯乙酸HCA加入到溶液A中,得到溶液B,将1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺EDC和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺NHS溶解于混合溶剂C中,在持续搅拌下滴加至溶液B中,充分反应1~2h,将充分反应后的溶液进行透析,最后在-40~-50℃下冷冻干燥后得到仿贻贝壳聚糖Cat-CS。
步骤1中盐酸浓度为1mol/L,氢氧化钠溶液浓度为1mol/L;所述混合溶剂C由蒸馏水和无水乙醇组成,体积比为1:1;CS、HCA、EDC、NHS的摩尔比为1:2:1:1~1:2:8:8。
步骤1中透析条件为在含100mmol/L NaCl的盐酸溶液中透析48~72h,盐酸溶液pH为3~3.5,再在去离子水中透析4~8h,所述步骤1中将充分反应后的溶液移至截留分子量为3500~5000Da的透析袋中进行透析。
步骤2具体按照以下步骤实施:
将单体N-异丙基丙烯酰胺NIPAm和2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸AMPS溶解于混合溶剂D中,在N2保护、恒温搅拌下滴加入引发剂,滴加时长为2~3h,反应温度为55~65℃;滴加完毕后,反应10~12h后补加2mL引发剂,再继续反应10~12h,将反应液用截留分子量为3500Da的透析袋进行透析,最后在-40~-50℃下冷冻干燥后,得到温敏聚合物PNAM。
步骤2中引发剂为偶氮二异庚腈,引发剂的质量是N-异丙基丙烯酰胺NIPAm和2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸AMPS单体总质量的1%;混合溶剂由去离子水和1,4-二氧六环组成,体积比为4:1。
步骤3中:贻贝仿生改性壳聚糖Cat-CS溶液的浓度为10~35mg/mL;NaHCO3溶液的浓度为0.06~0.10mol/L;PNAM水溶液的质量浓度为2.0~6.0mg/mL;贻贝仿生改性壳聚糖Cat-CS溶液、PNAM溶液与NaHCO3溶液的体积比为15:3:10。
步骤3中,冰水浴的温度为0~4℃,滴加速度为0.5~1.0μL/s,搅拌时间为1~2h,冷冻干燥的温度为-40~-50℃,冷冻干燥时间为12~24h,凝胶时间为30~180s。
本发明所采用的第二技术方案是,可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂应用于包括不规则或敏感表面的创伤,还作为注射液应用于深层损伤。
本发明的有益效果是,可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法,以壳聚糖为基体,通过碳二亚胺偶联法合成贻贝仿生改性壳聚糖Cat-CS,其具有抑菌杀菌、优异的粘附强度以及促进伤口愈合等优势,采用双离子交联法制备可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂。该水凝胶粘合剂不仅具有良好的粘附性能,适用于潮湿的环境;且其毒性更小,安全性更高,可应用于组织修复和再生、防污抗菌、药物输送、细胞封装等领域;同时具有温度敏感性,可定位注射至部分组织和器官,能够减少手术带来的二次伤害,并降低手术成本。
附图说明
图1为本发明可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法流程示意图;
图2为本发明可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法中双离子交联法制备的壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的SEM图;
图3为本发明可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法中的水凝胶在不同基材上的粘附强度图;
图4为本发明可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法中的不同NaHCO3浓度对水凝胶粘附强度的影响图;
图5为本发明可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法中的不同接枝度的水凝胶对玻璃的粘附性对比图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行详细说明。
本发明可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法,流程图如图1所示,具体按照以下步骤实施:
步骤1、以壳聚糖CS为基体,采用碳二亚胺偶联法制备贻贝仿生改性壳聚糖Cat-CS;
步骤1具体按照以下步骤实施:
将壳聚糖CS溶解于盐酸溶液中,并调节pH至1.5~1.7,使壳聚糖质子化并提供酸性环境,然后加入氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至5.3~5.5,得到溶液A,将3,4-二羟基苯乙酸HCA加入到溶液A中,得到溶液B,将1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺EDC和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺NHS溶解于混合溶剂C中,在持续搅拌下滴加至溶液B中,充分反应1~2h,将充分反应后的溶液进行透析,最后在-40~-50℃下冷冻干燥后得到仿贻贝壳聚糖Cat-CS。
当体系环境的pH值高于5.5时,邻苯二酚被氧化成醌,考虑邻苯二酚基团在反应过程中的易氧化性,全程保证体系的pH小于5.5,避免邻苯二酚基团氧化。
步骤1中盐酸浓度为1mol/L,氢氧化钠溶液浓度为1mol/L;所述混合溶剂C由蒸馏水和无水乙醇组成,体积比为1:1;CS、HCA、EDC、NHS的摩尔比为1:2:1:1~1:2:8:8。
步骤1中透析条件为在含100mmol/L NaCl的盐酸溶液中透析48~72h,盐酸溶液pH为3~3.5,再在去离子水中透析4~8h,所述步骤1中将充分反应后的溶液移至截留分子量为3500~5000Da的透析袋中进行透析。
步骤2、以N-异丙基丙烯酰胺NIPAm和2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸AMPS为单体,采用自由基溶液聚合法制备温敏聚合物PNAM;
步骤2具体按照以下步骤实施:
将单体N-异丙基丙烯酰胺NIPAm和2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸AMPS溶解于混合溶剂D中,在N2保护、恒温搅拌下滴加入引发剂,滴加时长为2~3h,反应温度为55~65℃;滴加完毕后,反应10~12h后补加2mL引发剂,再继续反应10~12h,将反应液用截留分子量为3500Da的透析袋进行透析,最后在-40~-50℃下冷冻干燥后,得到温敏聚合物PNAM。
步骤2中引发剂为偶氮二异庚腈,引发剂的质量是N-异丙基丙烯酰胺NIPAm和2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸AMPS单体总质量的1%;混合溶剂由去离子水和1,4-二氧六环组成,体积比为4:1。
步骤3、将Cat-CS溶于去离子水中制备得到贻贝仿生改性壳聚糖Cat-CS溶液,然后配制PNAM溶液与NaHCO3溶液;在冰水浴条件下,依次将PNAM溶液与NaHCO3溶液滴加入贻仿生改性壳聚糖Cat-CS溶液中,持续搅拌,随后恒温水浴形成水凝胶粘合剂,最后冷冻干燥得到干凝胶。
步骤3中:
贻贝仿生改性壳聚糖Cat-CS溶液的浓度为10~35mg/mL;NaHCO3溶液的浓度为0.06~0.10mol/L;PNAM水溶液的质量浓度为2.0~6.0mg/mL;贻贝仿生改性壳聚糖Cat-CS溶液、PNAM溶液与NaHCO3溶液的体积比为15:3:10。
步骤3中,冰水浴的温度为0~4℃,滴加速度为0.5~1.0μL/s,搅拌时间为1~2h,冷冻干燥的温度为-40~-50℃,冷冻干燥时间为12~24h,凝胶时间为30~180s。
可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂应用于包括不规则或敏感表面的创伤,还作为注射液应用于深层损伤。
本发明可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法,以壳聚糖为基体,通过碳二亚胺偶联反应制备贻贝仿生改性壳聚糖Cat-CS;采用双离子交联法制备可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶,可实现体内注射、体温下快速成胶以及优异的粘附性能。
图1为本发明可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的形成示意图,凝胶温度为37℃,该水凝胶在凝胶温度以下为溶液态,达到凝胶温度后,快速形成凝胶。图2为本发明双离子交联法制备的壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的SEM图;冻干水凝胶呈现出致密的三维多孔网络结构,致密的网络结构使其在组织粘附领域得到广泛应用。图3为本发明的水凝胶在不同基材上的粘附强度图。该水凝胶对镀锌铁的粘附强度最强,通过强氢键在材料表面形成稳定的有机金属配合物;其次对玻璃、PMMA和猪皮表面也有不同程度的粘附,这归因于非共价相互作用(如氢键、离子键和阳离子-π相互作用)。图4为本发明的不同NaHCO3浓度对水凝胶粘附强度的影响图;从图4可以看出NaHCO3含量的增加提高了水凝胶的粘附强度,这是因为NaHCO3增加了与Cat-CS氨基的相互作用,形成更紧密的螯合网络。图5为本发明的不同接枝度的水凝胶对玻璃的粘附性对比图,用从图5可以看出,随着接枝度的增加,水凝胶粘合剂的粘附强度增加。说明邻苯二酚基团是影响粘附强度的主要因素,可以增大邻苯二酚接枝度来改善水凝胶与基体的粘合强度。
实施例1
本发明涉及一种可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法,具体按照以下步骤实施:
步骤1,将壳聚糖CS溶解于pH=1.6盐酸溶液中,并加入一定浓度的盐酸将体系pH调回至1.6,使壳聚糖质子化并提供酸性环境,然后加入氢氧化钠溶液调节体系pH为5.4,得到溶液A。将3,4-二羟基苯乙酸HCA加入到溶液A中,得到溶液B。将EDC和NHS溶解于蒸馏水和无水乙醇组成的混合溶剂C中,持续搅拌的条件下滴加至上述溶液B内,全程保证溶液B的pH小于5.5,充分反应1h,将反应液移至截留分子量为3500Da的透析袋中透析,最后将样品在-50℃下冷冻干燥得到仿贻贝壳聚糖Cat-CS。
其中盐酸浓度为1mol/L,氢氧化钠溶液浓度为1mol/L;混合溶剂C为体积比1:1的蒸馏水和无水乙醇;CS、HCA、EDC、NHS的摩尔比为1:2:1:1;邻苯二酚接枝度为2.8%;
其中透析条件为在含100mmol/L NaCl的pH为3的盐酸溶液中透析48h,再在去离子水中透析4h。
步骤2,利用N-异丙基丙烯酰胺NIPAm和2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸AMPS自由基聚合制备温敏聚合物PNAM;具体为:将单体NIPAm和AMPS溶解于混合溶剂D中,然后将引发剂在N2保护、60℃恒温搅拌下滴加至混合溶剂D中,滴加时长为2h;滴加完毕后,反应12h,后补加2mL引发剂,再继续反应12h。将反应液用截留分子量为3500Da的透析袋透析,最后在-50℃下冷冻干燥后,得到温敏聚合物PNAM。
引发剂为偶氮二异庚腈,引发剂的质量是单体总质量的1%,混合溶剂D为去离子水和1,4-二氧六环,体积比为4:1。
步骤3,将Cat-CS溶于去离子水中制备得到Cat-CS溶液,配制PNAM溶液与NaHCO3溶液;在冰水浴条件下,依次将PNAM与NaHCO3溶液滴加入Cat-CS溶液中,并搅拌1h,随后放入37℃恒温水浴锅内,使之形成水凝胶粘合剂,最后冷冻干燥得到干凝胶。
Cat-CS溶液的浓度为20mg/mL;NaHCO3溶液的浓度为0.06mol/L;PNAM水溶液的质量浓度为3.0mg/mL;Cat-CS、PNAM与NaHCO3溶液的体积比为15:3:10;滴加速度为0.6μL/s。
冰水浴的温度为1℃,冷冻干燥的温度为-50℃,冷冻干燥时间为10h;凝胶时间为120s,粘附强度为69kPa。
实施例2
本发明涉及一种可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法,具体按照以下步骤实施:
步骤1,将壳聚糖CS溶解于pH=1.5盐酸溶液中,并加入一定浓度的盐酸将体系pH调回至1.5,使壳聚糖质子化并提供酸性环境,然后加入氢氧化钠溶液调节体系pH为5.3,得到溶液A。将3,4-二羟基苯乙酸HCA加入到溶液A中,得到溶液B。将EDC和NHS溶解于蒸馏水和无水乙醇组成的混合溶剂C中,持续搅拌的条件下滴加至上述溶液B内,全程保证溶液B的pH小于5.5,充分反应1.5h,将反应液移至截留分子量为4000Da的透析袋中透析,最后将样品在-40℃下冷冻干燥得到仿贻贝壳聚糖Cat-CS。
其中盐酸浓度为1mol/L,氢氧化钠溶液浓度为1mol/L;混合溶剂C为体积比1:1的蒸馏水和无水乙醇;CS、HCA、EDC、NHS的摩尔比为1:2:4:4;邻苯二酚接枝度为8.3%;
其中透析条件为在含100mmol/L NaCl的pH为3.2的盐酸溶液中透析36h,再在去离子水中透析6h。
步骤2,利用N-异丙基丙烯酰胺NIPAm和2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸AMPS自由基聚合制备温敏聚合物PNAM;具体为:将单体NIPAm和AMPS溶解于混合溶剂D中,然后将引发剂在N2保护、60℃恒温搅拌下滴加至混合溶剂D中,滴加时长为2h;滴加完毕后,反应12h,后补加2mL引发剂,再继续反应12h。将反应液用截留分子量为4000Da的透析袋透析,最后在-40℃下冷冻干燥后,得到温敏聚合物PNAM。
引发剂为偶氮二异庚腈,引发剂的质量是单体总质量的1%,混合溶剂D为去离子水和1,4-二氧六环,体积比为4:1。
步骤3,将Cat-CS溶于去离子水中制备得到Cat-CS溶液,配制PNAM溶液与NaHCO3溶液;在冰水浴条件下,依次将PNAM与NaHCO3溶液滴加入Cat-CS溶液中,并搅拌1h,随后放入37℃恒温水浴锅内,使之形成水凝胶粘合剂,最后冷冻干燥得到干凝胶。
Cat-CS溶液的浓度为20mg/mL;NaHCO3溶液的浓度为0.08mol/L;PNAM水溶液的质量浓度为3.0mg/mL;Cat-CS、PNAM与NaHCO3溶液的体积比为15:3:10;滴加速度为0.7μL/s。
冰水浴的温度为3℃,冷冻干燥的温度为-40℃,冷冻干燥时间为12h;凝胶时间为50s,粘附强度为125kPa。
实施例3
本发明涉及一种可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法,具体按照以下步骤实施:
步骤1,将壳聚糖CS溶解于pH=1.7盐酸溶液中,并加入一定浓度的盐酸将体系pH调回至1.7,使壳聚糖质子化并提供酸性环境,然后加入氢氧化钠溶液调节体系pH为5.5,得到溶液A。将3,4-二羟基苯乙酸HCA加入到溶液A中,得到溶液B。将EDC和NHS溶解于蒸馏水和无水乙醇组成的混合溶剂C中,持续搅拌的条件下滴加至上述溶液B内,全程保证溶液B的pH小于5.5,充分反应1.2h,将反应液移至截留分子量为5000Da的透析袋中透析,最后将样品在-45℃下冷冻干燥得到仿贻贝壳聚糖Cat-CS。
其中盐酸浓度为1mol/L,氢氧化钠溶液浓度为1mol/L;混合溶剂C为体积比1:1的蒸馏水和无水乙醇;CS、HCA、EDC、NHS的摩尔比为1:2:6:6;邻苯二酚接枝度为11.2%;
其中透析条件为在含100mmol/L NaCl的pH为3.3的盐酸溶液中透析72h,再在去离子水中透析8h。
步骤2,利用N-异丙基丙烯酰胺NIPAm和2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸AMPS自由基聚合制备温敏聚合物PNAM;具体为:将单体NIPAm和AMPS溶解于混合溶剂D中,然后将引发剂在N2保护、60℃恒温搅拌下滴加至混合溶剂D中,滴加时长为3h;滴加完毕后,反应12h,后补加2mL引发剂,再继续反应12h。将反应液用截留分子量为5000Da的透析袋透析,最后在-45℃下冷冻干燥后,得到温敏聚合物PNAM。
引发剂为偶氮二异庚腈,引发剂的质量是单体总质量的1%,混合溶剂D为去离子水和1,4-二氧六环,体积比为4:1。
步骤3,将Cat-CS溶于去离子水中制备得到Cat-CS溶液,配制PNAM溶液与NaHCO3溶液;在冰水浴条件下,依次将PNAM与NaHCO3溶液滴加入Cat-CS溶液中,并搅拌1h,随后放入37℃恒温水浴锅内,使之形成水凝胶粘合剂,最后冷冻干燥得到干凝胶。
Cat-CS溶液的浓度为20mg/mL;NaHCO3溶液的浓度为0.10mol/L;PNAM水溶液的质量浓度为3.0mg/mL;Cat-CS、PNAM与NaHCO3溶液的体积比为15:3:10;滴加速度为0.8μL/s。
冰水浴的温度为2℃,凝胶时间为30s,粘附强度为157kPa,冷冻干燥时间为18h,冷冻干燥的温度为-45℃。
实施例4
本发明涉及一种可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法,具体按照以下步骤实施:
步骤1,将壳聚糖CS溶解于pH=1.6盐酸溶液中,并加入一定浓度的盐酸将体系pH调回至1.6,使壳聚糖质子化并提供酸性环境,然后加入氢氧化钠溶液调节体系pH为5.4,得到溶液A。将3,4-二羟基苯乙酸HCA加入到溶液A中,得到溶液B。将EDC和NHS溶解于蒸馏水和无水乙醇组成的混合溶剂C中,持续搅拌的条件下滴加至上述溶液B内,全程保证溶液B的pH小于5.5,充分反应1.4h,将反应液移至截留分子量为3500Da的透析袋中透析,最后将样品在-46℃下冷冻干燥得到仿贻贝壳聚糖Cat-CS。
其中盐酸浓度为1mol/L,氢氧化钠溶液浓度为1mol/L;混合溶剂C为体积比1:1的蒸馏水和无水乙醇;CS、HCA、EDC、NHS的摩尔比为1:2:4:4;邻苯二酚接枝度为8.3%;
其中透析条件为在含100mmol/L NaCl的pH为3.4的盐酸溶液中透析48h,再在去离子水中透析8h。
步骤2,利用N-异丙基丙烯酰胺NIPAm和2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸AMPS自由基聚合制备温敏聚合物PNAM;具体为:将单体NIPAm和AMPS溶解于混合溶剂D中,然后将引发剂在N2保护、60℃恒温搅拌下滴加至混合溶剂D中,滴加时长为2h;滴加完毕后,反应12h,后补加2mL引发剂,再继续反应12h。将反应液用截留分子量为3500Da的透析袋透析,最后在-46℃下冷冻干燥后,得到温敏聚合物PNAM。
引发剂为偶氮二异庚腈,引发剂的质量是单体总质量的1%,混合溶剂D为去离子水和1,4-二氧六环,体积比为4:1。
步骤3,将Cat-CS溶于去离子水中制备得到Cat-CS溶液,配制PNAM溶液与NaHCO3溶液;在冰水浴条件下,依次将PNAM与NaHCO3溶液滴加入Cat-CS溶液中,并搅拌2h,随后放入37℃恒温水浴锅内,使之形成水凝胶粘合剂,最后冷冻干燥得到干凝胶。
Cat-CS溶液的浓度为20mg/mL;NaHCO3溶液的浓度为0.08mol/L;PNAM水溶液的质量浓度为2.0mg/mL;Cat-CS、PNAM与NaHCO3溶液的体积比为15:3:10;滴加速度为0.7μL/s。
冰水浴的温度为4℃,冷冻干燥的温度为-46℃,冷冻干燥时间为24h;凝胶时间为110s,粘附强度为118kPa。
实施例5
本发明涉及一种可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法,具体按照以下步骤实施:
步骤1,将壳聚糖CS溶解于pH=1.5盐酸溶液中,并加入一定浓度的盐酸将体系pH调回至1.5,使壳聚糖质子化并提供酸性环境,然后加入氢氧化钠溶液调节体系pH为5.4,得到溶液A。将3,4-二羟基苯乙酸HCA加入到溶液A中,得到溶液B。将EDC和NHS溶解于蒸馏水和无水乙醇组成的混合溶剂C中,持续搅拌的条件下滴加至上述溶液B内,全程保证溶液B的pH小于5.5,充分反应1.5h,将反应液移至截留分子量为3500Da的透析袋中透析,最后将样品在-43℃下冷冻干燥得到仿贻贝壳聚糖Cat-CS。
其中盐酸浓度为1mol/L,氢氧化钠溶液浓度为1mol/L;混合溶剂C为体积比1:1的蒸馏水和无水乙醇;CS、HCA、EDC、NHS的摩尔比为1:2:4:4;邻苯二酚接枝度为8.3%;
其中透析条件为在含100mmol/L NaCl的pH为3.5的盐酸溶液中透析48h,再在去离子水中透析8h。
步骤2,利用N-异丙基丙烯酰胺NIPAm和2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸AMPS自由基聚合制备温敏聚合物PNAM;具体为:将单体NIPAm和AMPS溶解于混合溶剂D中,然后将引发剂在N2保护、60℃恒温搅拌下滴加至混合溶剂D中,滴加时长为3h;滴加完毕后,反应12h,后补加2mL引发剂,再继续反应12h。将反应液用截留分子量为3500Da的透析袋透析,最后在-43℃下冷冻干燥后,得到温敏聚合物PNAM。
引发剂为偶氮二异庚腈,引发剂的质量是单体总质量的1%,混合溶剂D为去离子水和1,4-二氧六环,体积比为4:1。
步骤3,将Cat-CS溶于去离子水中制备得到Cat-CS溶液,配制PNAM溶液与NaHCO3溶液;在冰水浴条件下,依次将PNAM与NaHCO3溶液滴加入Cat-CS溶液中,并搅拌2h,随后放入37℃恒温水浴锅内,使之形成水凝胶粘合剂,最后冷冻干燥得到干凝胶。
Cat-CS溶液的浓度为20mg/mL;NaHCO3溶液的浓度为0.08mol/L;PNAM水溶液的质量浓度为5.0mg/mL;Cat-CS、PNAM与NaHCO3溶液的体积比为15:3:10;滴加速度为0.9μL/s。
冰水浴的温度为2℃,冷冻干燥的温度为-43℃,冷冻干燥时间为24h;凝胶时间为60s,粘附强度为120kPa。
Claims (9)
1.可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法,其特征在于,具体按照以下步骤实施:
步骤1、以壳聚糖CS为基体,采用碳二亚胺偶联法制备贻贝仿生改性壳聚糖Cat-CS;
步骤2、以N-异丙基丙烯酰胺NIPAm和2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸AMPS为单体,采用自由基溶液聚合法制备温敏聚合物PNAM;
步骤3、将Cat-CS溶于去离子水中制备得到贻贝仿生改性壳聚糖Cat-CS溶液,然后配制PNAM溶液与NaHCO3溶液;在冰水浴条件下,依次将PNAM溶液与NaHCO3溶液滴加入贻仿生改性壳聚糖Cat-CS溶液中,持续搅拌,随后恒温水浴形成水凝胶粘合剂,最后冷冻干燥得到干凝胶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1具体按照以下步骤实施:
将壳聚糖CS溶解于盐酸溶液中,并调节pH至1.5~1.7,然后加入氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至5.3~5.5,得到溶液A,将3,4-二羟基苯乙酸HCA加入到溶液A中,得到溶液B,将1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺EDC和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺NHS溶解于混合溶剂C中,在持续搅拌下滴加至溶液B中,充分反应1~2h,将充分反应后的溶液进行透析,最后在-40~-50℃下冷冻干燥后得到仿贻贝壳聚糖Cat-CS。
3.根据权利要求2所述的可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1中盐酸浓度为1mol/L,氢氧化钠溶液浓度为1mol/L;所述混合溶剂C由蒸馏水和无水乙醇组成,体积比为1:1;CS、HCA、EDC、NHS的摩尔比为1:2:1:1~1:2:8:8。
4.根据权利要求2所述的可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1中透析条件为在含100mmol/L NaCl的盐酸溶液中透析48~72h,盐酸溶液pH为3~3.5,再在去离子水中透析4~8h,所述步骤1中将充分反应后的溶液移至截留分子量为3500~5000Da的透析袋中进行透析。
5.根据权利要求2所述的可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2具体按照以下步骤实施:
将单体N-异丙基丙烯酰胺NIPAm和2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸AMPS溶解于混合溶剂D中,在N2保护、恒温搅拌下滴加入引发剂,滴加时长为2~3h,反应温度为55~65℃;滴加完毕后,反应10~12h后补加2mL引发剂,再继续反应10~12h,将反应液用截留分子量为3500Da的透析袋进行透析,最后在-40~-50℃下冷冻干燥后,得到温敏聚合物PNAM。
6.根据权利要求5所述的可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2中引发剂为偶氮二异庚腈,引发剂的质量是N-异丙基丙烯酰胺NIPAm和2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸AMPS单体总质量的1%;混合溶剂由去离子水和1,4-二氧六环组成,体积比为4:1。
7.根据权利要求5所述的可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3中:
贻贝仿生改性壳聚糖Cat-CS溶液的浓度为10~35mg/mL;NaHCO3溶液的浓度为0.06~0.10mol/L;PNAM水溶液的质量浓度为2.0~6.0mg/mL;贻贝仿生改性壳聚糖Cat-CS溶液、PNAM溶液与NaHCO3溶液的体积比为15:3:10。
8.根据权利要求5所述的可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3中,冰水浴的温度为0~4℃,滴加速度为0.5~1.0μL/s,搅拌时间为1~2h,冷冻干燥的温度为-40~-50℃,冷冻干燥时间为12~24h,凝胶时间为30~180s。
9.可注射型仿贻贝壳聚糖水凝胶粘合剂应用于包括不规则或敏感表面的创伤,还作为注射液应用于深层损伤。
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