CN116289173A - 一种抗菌防钻绒面料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种抗菌防钻绒面料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN116289173A
CN116289173A CN202310131457.5A CN202310131457A CN116289173A CN 116289173 A CN116289173 A CN 116289173A CN 202310131457 A CN202310131457 A CN 202310131457A CN 116289173 A CN116289173 A CN 116289173A
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zinc oxide
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郑敏
施向东
王作山
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Suzhou Dongzhan Down Garment Co ltd
Suzhou University
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Suzhou Dongzhan Down Garment Co ltd
Suzhou University
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种抗菌防钻绒面料及其制备方法。用细旦化纤低弹包覆丝为经纱、低熔点细旦涤纶加捻低弹丝为纬纱，上浆后交织成50～80gsm的斜纹梭织纺织品，在碱性溶液中打卷、堆置、洗涤、干燥，使得纺织品充分解捻并且充分退浆后备用；制备自分散氧化锌量子点分散液，将洗涤干燥后的纺织品在氧化锌量子点分散液中进行浸、轧、烘处理，使纤维表面的微孔和纤维孔隙间充分添入氧化锌量子点，在热压设备中将纺织品的反面进行热压，控制温度150～180℃，制备得到一种抗菌防钻绒面料。本发明所得纺织品轻薄透气，而且具有持久高效的防钻绒效果，同时具有优异的抗菌功能。

Description

一种抗菌防钻绒面料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种抗菌防钻绒面料及其制备方法，属于功能纺织品技术领域。
背景技术
近几年，市场上较为流行超轻薄面料的羽绒服，轻型羽绒服兼具了保暖、轻便、时尚等多重性能，携带也比较方便，但是它的缺点是经常会有钻绒的现象出现，为了解决纤维细度30D以下，经纬密度380T以下的超轻薄羽绒服面料特别容易钻绒的问题，通过染色、定型、轧光、贴膜等工艺的协同作用，使布料门幅在加工过程中反复发生拉伸一回缩，使纬线弯曲为S型，填补纤维间的空隙，达到更好的防钻绒效果。同时在轧光过程中添加化学助剂，使布料纤维的细丝更分散、平滑，能承受更高的轧光温度，更容易被压扁平，更好的填补纤维间空隙，减少对光的散射，因而也就同时提高了布料的防钻绒性能、光泽度和柔软度，同时研究纱线细度，密度，含绒量，缝制用针，缝制工艺以及充绒工艺等因素对防钻绒效果的影响。
已有研究大多通过贴胶或树脂整理的方式来解决钻绒问题，如中国发明专利CN111134408A公开了一种防钻绒面料及制备方法，将面布和底布通过上胶分别与一层高分子薄膜热压粘合制得两层防绒膜层，再将面布和底布(面布的面朝上，底布的面朝下放置)送入热压机的立体雕刻花辊进行热压粘合工艺，实现面布与底布的粘合，立体雕刻花辊花型呈现效果后，在空腔里注入冲绒，制得防钻绒面料。中国发明专利CN110029504A公开了一种防钻绒面料，包括基布层和多孔树脂层，多孔树脂层中含有丙烯酸类树脂和有机硅类树脂。中国发明专利CN107245880A公开了一种羽绒服面料防钻绒的处理方法，选择了柔软抗皱、轻薄强度高的丝光棉制成的织物，使用二氧化硅与辛酸锌复配的拒水整理剂对其进行拒水处理，再通过高压摩擦轧光保持织物的柔软和光泽度，通过改性涂层胶的涂覆。
虽然现有的防钻绒技术涉及多种方案，一定程度减少了钻绒现象，但仍然存在使用后变硬、不透气、脱膜、防钻绒效果不耐水洗等方面的不足，仍一直困扰着广大生产者和消费者。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术存在的不足，提供一种具有优异的手感及防钻绒性、耐洗涤性和透气性，制备工艺简单的抗菌防钻绒面料及其制备方法。
实现本发明目的的技术方案是提供一种抗菌防钻绒面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）以低熔点细旦涤纶加捻低弹丝为经纱、细旦化纤低弹包覆丝为纬纱，上浆后交织成50～80gsm的斜纹梭织纺织品；
（2）将纺织品浸渍在浓度为20～40g/l的烧碱溶液中，打卷室温堆置24～48h，洗涤烘干备用；
（3）将二水醋酸锌分散于二甲基亚砜中，超声分散处理后，配成摩尔浓度为0.03～0.3M的锌源溶液；将四甲基氢氧化铵分散于无水乙醇中，超声分散处理后，配成摩尔浓度为0.15～0.5M的四甲基氢氧化铵乙醇溶液；将锌源溶液置于集热式恒温加热磁力搅拌器中，在温度为60～70℃，pH为7～7.5的条件下，逐滴加入四甲基氢氧化铵的乙醇溶液，反应2～2.5h，再缓慢滴入乙酸乙酯至溶液出现白色浑浊，得到自分散氧化锌量子点溶液；
（4）将自分散氧化锌量子点溶液稀释成浓度为5～10%的轧液，把步骤（2）制备的纺织品置于轧液中进行轧-烘-焙处理，轧液率为100～150%，预烘温度为80～110 ℃，焙烘温度为120～140 ℃，得到含有氧化锌量子点的纺织品；
（5）在热压设备中将步骤（4）制备的纺织品的反面进行热压，控制温度150～180℃，得到一种抗菌防钻绒面料。
本发明所述的一种抗菌防钻绒羽绒服面料的制备方法，所述低熔点细旦涤纶为20～50D的涤纶，熔点为245～250℃；所述的细旦化纤低弹包覆丝为20～50D的涤纶、锦纶包覆20～30D的氨纶。
本发明技术方案还包括按上述制备方法得到的一种抗菌防钻绒面料。
羽绒的钻出主要与面料自身的致密性以及使用过程中的静电吸附有关，本发明在纳米尺度上通过氧化锌量子点的微孔填埋及抗静电效果，同时与低熔点涤纶热压致密相协同构筑羽绒防护墙是解决现有技术在面料防钻绒方面存在的不足的一个有效途径；通过解决面料自身的致密性以及使用过程中的静电钻绒问题，从而阻止羽绒钻出，钻绒数量可达5根以下，纳米微孔效应不影响手感和透气性，同时，抗菌防钻绒羽绒服面料抗菌率达到99%以上，且具有优异的防钻绒性和耐洗涤性。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：提供的抗菌防钻绒面料，其抗菌率达到99%以上，且具有优异的防钻绒性和耐洗涤性。本发明提供的抗菌防钻绒羽绒服面料的制备方法，具有简易快捷、设备要求低等优势，有利于工业化生产。
附图说明
图1、2分别为本发明实施例1所制备的面料的EDS 和SEM图；
图3为本发明实施例1所制备的面料上C、O和Zn的分布图；
图4为本发明实施例1所制备的面料与对比例的红外光谱图；
图5为本发明实施例1所制备的面料与对比例的抗菌效果图。
实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明技术方案作进一步描述。
实施例1
以低熔点细旦涤纶加捻低弹丝30D36F为经纱（涤纶熔点为245～250℃）、细旦涤纶低弹包覆丝20D24F/20D为纬纱（涤纶、锦纶包覆氨纶）（以上原料为江苏纳盾科技有限公司提供的产品），利用PVA进行上浆，上浆率10%，交织成克重为50gsm的1/3斜纹梭织纺织品；将纺织品浸渍在浓度为20g/l的烧碱溶液中，打卷室温堆置24h，洗涤、烘干备用；
将30mmol的二水醋酸锌分散于30ml二甲基亚砜中，将55mmol四甲基氢氧化铵分散于100ml无水乙醇中，超声分散处理后，得到锌源溶液和四甲基氢氧化铵的乙醇溶液；将锌源溶液置于集热式恒温加热磁力搅拌器中，温度设为60～70℃，pH调为7.5，逐滴加入四甲基氢氧化铵的乙醇溶液，反应2h，再缓慢滴入乙酸乙酯240ml，至溶液出现白色浑浊，得到自分散氧化锌量子点溶液。
将经洗涤、烘干预处理后的纺织品，以稀释成浓度为5～10%的量子点溶液为轧液中进行轧-烘-焙处理，轧液率为100%，预烘温度为80 ℃，焙烘温度为130 ℃，得到含有氧化锌量子点的纺织品。在热压设备中将上述纺织品的反面进行热压，控制温度170℃，得到一种抗菌防钻绒（羽绒）面料。
参见附图1、2，分别为本实施例所制备面料的EDS和SEM图。图1中，a图为未轧量子点溶液织物的扫描电镜图，b图为经轧量子点溶液处理织物的扫描电镜图；图2为能谱图。
参见附图3，为本实施例所制备面料上C\O\Zn、C、O和Zn的分布图；其中，d图为C\O\Zn分布图，e图为C分布图，f图为O分布图，g图为Zn分布图。
由图1、2和3结果可知，织物表面覆有一层均匀的材料，部分材料进入纤维孔隙，具有较好的附着性。
参见附图4，为本实施例所制备的面料的红外光谱图。其中，曲线a、b和c分别为普通涤纶面料、浸轧氧化锌量子点前面料和浸轧氧化锌量子点后面料，结果说明，面料上成功嫁接了氧化锌量子点。
参见附图5，为本实施例所制备的面料的抗菌效果图。其中，a图、b图和c图分别为空白织物、浸轧氧化锌量子点前面料和浸轧氧化锌量子点后面料对大肠杆菌的抗菌效果图；e 图、d图和f图分别为空白织物、浸轧氧化锌量子点前面料和浸轧氧化锌量子点后面料对金黄葡萄球菌的抗菌效果图；由此可见，本实施例提供的面料具有优异的抗菌效果。
将制备的面料按GB/T14272-2011附录E的方法B测试，钻绒数量为4根，说明面料具有较好的防钻绒性。
实施例2
用低熔点细旦涤纶加捻低弹丝30D48F为经纱、细旦涤纶低弹包覆丝20D36F/20D为纬纱，利用PVA进行上浆，上浆率10%，交织成克重在50gsm的1/3斜纹梭织纺织品；将纺织品浸渍在浓度为15g/l的烧碱溶液中，打卷室温堆置36h，洗涤、烘干备用；分别将30mmol的二水醋酸锌分散于30ml二甲基亚砜中。然后将55mmol四甲基氢氧化铵分散于100ml无水乙醇中。分散超声后，将锌源溶液置于集热式恒温加热磁力搅拌器中，温度设为60～-70℃，pH调为7.5，然后逐滴加入四甲基氢氧化铵的乙醇溶液，反应2h，接着缓慢滴入乙酸乙酯240ml至溶液出现白色浑浊，最终得到自分散氧化锌量子点溶液。将经洗涤、烘干预处理后的纺织品在量子点溶液稀释成浓度为5～10%的轧液中进行轧-烘-焙处理，轧液率为100%，预烘温度为80 ℃，焙烘温度为130 ℃，得到含有氧化锌量子点的纺织品。在热压设备中将上述纺织品的单面进行热压，控制温度160℃，得到一种抗菌防钻绒羽绒服面料。
实施例3
用低熔点细旦涤纶加捻低弹丝30D48F为经纱、细旦尼龙低弹包覆丝20D36F/20D为纬纱，利用PVA进行上浆，上浆率15%，交织成克重在50gsm的1/3斜纹梭织纺织品；将纺织品浸渍在浓度为15g/l的烧碱溶液中，打卷室温堆置48h，洗涤、烘干备用；分别将30mmol的二水醋酸锌分散于30ml二甲基亚砜中。然后将55mmol四甲基氢氧化铵分散于100ml无水乙醇中。分散超声后，将锌源溶液置于集热式恒温加热磁力搅拌器中，温度设为70℃，pH调为7.5，然后逐滴加入四甲基氢氧化铵的乙醇溶液，反应2.5h，接着缓慢滴入乙酸乙酯240ml至溶液出现白色浑浊，最终得到自分散氧化锌量子点溶液。将经洗涤、烘干预处理后的纺织品在量子点溶液稀释成浓度为5～10%的轧液中进行轧-烘-焙处理，轧液率为100%，预烘温度为80 ℃，焙烘温度为130 ℃，得到含有氧化锌量子点的纺织品。在热压设备中将上述纺织品的单面进行热压，控制温度160℃，得到一种抗菌防钻绒羽绒服面料。
实施例4
用低熔点细旦涤纶加捻低弹丝30D36F为经纱、细旦尼龙低弹包覆丝30D36F/30D为纬纱，利用PVA进行上浆，上浆率15%左右，交织成克重在58gsm的1/2斜纹梭织纺织品；将纺织品浸渍在浓度为15g/l的烧碱溶液中，打卷室温堆置24h，洗涤、烘干备用；分别将20mmol的二水醋酸锌分散于20ml二甲基亚砜中。然后将30mmol四甲基氢氧化铵分散于50ml无水乙醇中。分散超声后，将锌源溶液置于集热式恒温加热磁力搅拌器中，温度设为60℃，pH调为7.5，然后逐滴加入四甲基氢氧化铵的乙醇溶液，反应2h，接着缓慢滴入乙酸乙酯120ml至溶液出现白色浑浊，最终得到自分散氧化锌量子点溶液。将经洗涤、烘干预处理后的纺织品在量子点溶液稀释成浓度为5～10%的轧液中进行轧-烘-焙处理，轧液率为100%，预烘温度为80 ℃，焙烘温度为130 ℃，得到含有氧化锌量子点的纺织品。在热压设备中将上述纺织品的单面进行热压，控制温度170℃，得到一种抗菌防钻绒羽绒服面料。

Claims (3)

1.一种抗菌防钻绒面料的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
（1）以低熔点细旦涤纶加捻低弹丝为经纱、细旦化纤低弹包覆丝为纬纱，上浆后交织成50～80gsm的斜纹梭织纺织品；
（2）将纺织品浸渍在浓度为20～40g/l的烧碱溶液中，打卷室温堆置24～48h，洗涤烘干备用；
（3）将二水醋酸锌分散于二甲基亚砜中，超声分散处理后，配成摩尔浓度为0.03～0.3M的锌源溶液；将四甲基氢氧化铵分散于无水乙醇中，超声分散处理后，配成摩尔浓度为0.15～0.5M的四甲基氢氧化铵乙醇溶液；将锌源溶液置于集热式恒温加热磁力搅拌器中，在温度为60～70℃，pH为7～7.5的条件下，逐滴加入四甲基氢氧化铵的乙醇溶液，反应2～2.5h，再缓慢滴入乙酸乙酯至溶液出现白色浑浊，得到自分散氧化锌量子点溶液；
（4）将自分散氧化锌量子点溶液稀释成浓度为5～10%的轧液，把步骤（2）制备的纺织品置于轧液中进行轧-烘-焙处理，轧液率为100～150%，预烘温度为80～110 ℃，焙烘温度为120～140 ℃，得到含有氧化锌量子点的纺织品；
（5）在热压设备中将步骤（4）制备的纺织品的反面进行热压，控制温度150～180℃，得到一种抗菌防钻绒面料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌防钻绒羽绒服面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述低熔点细旦涤纶为20～50D的涤纶，熔点为245～250℃；所述的细旦化纤低弹包覆丝为20～50D的涤纶、锦纶包覆20～30D的氨纶。
3.按权利要求1制备方法得到的一种抗菌防钻绒面料。
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