CN116288107A - 提高铝硅镀层钢涂装后鲜映性的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种提高铝硅镀层钢涂装后鲜映性的方法，所述方法工艺为：钢板或钢带在完全退火后进行热浸镀，然后进行镀后冷却；所述热浸镀采用下述重量成分的镀液：铝80.0%～92.0%、硅7.0%～15.0%、铁1.0%～5.0%。本方法通过控制铝硅镀层钢板的表面质量，解决了铝硅镀层钢板表面涂装后漫反射严重的问题，从而有效地提高了涂漆后的鲜映性指标；涂装后产品的鲜映性指标较好，能够满足汽车以及家电对高亮表面的要求；采用非哑光漆进行涂装后，鲜映性指标DOI≥83。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于冶金技术领域，尤其是一种提高铝硅镀层钢涂装后鲜映性的方法。
背景技术
随着工业的快速发展以及环保形势的日益严峻，人们审美的不断提升，各行各业对于高耐蚀钢铁的需求越来越大，涂漆后钢板的表面质量也要求越来越高，铝硅镀层钢板具有极好的耐蚀性，被广泛用作涂漆钢板及钢带的基板。
铝硅镀层产品由于铝硅以及铁三种元素的添加，使在不同温度下三元合金相的析出以及长大的速度不同，钢板表面呈现晶花的组织形貌也不一样；这样就会导致经过涂漆后光线发生漫反射，从而导致鲜映性指标DOI较低、一般为60左右，造成涂漆钢板无法满足汽车面板以及高端家电的需求。这样就严重制约了铝硅镀层钢板在高端行业使用，尤其是国产铝硅镀层钢板在高端有涂装需求行业的应用。为了解决铝硅镀层钢板及钢带涂装后鲜映性差的问题，需要从控制钢板及钢带表面质量的控制方法。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种能有效地解决涂装后漫反射问题的提高铝硅镀层钢涂装后鲜映性的方法。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明所采取的技术方案是：所述方法工艺为：钢板或钢带在完全退火后进行热浸镀，然后进行镀后冷却；所述热浸镀采用下述重量成分的镀液：铝80.0%～92.0%、硅7.0%～15.0%、铁1.0%～5.0%。
本发明所述完全退火工艺为：加热温度为600～650℃，加热时间为2～3小时，均热时间4～6小时；或者，加热温度为720～800℃，加热时间为3～8分钟，均热时间1～3分钟。
本发明所述热浸镀工艺为：钢板的厚度为t，t为0.35～1.2mm，镀液温度控制范围为665±5℃；0.35≤t≤0.6mm时，带钢入锌锅温度670～680℃；0.6＜t≤0.9mm时，带钢入锌锅温度668～676℃；0.9＜t≤1.2mm时，带钢入锌锅温度665～673℃。
本发明所述镀后冷却工艺为：镀后冷却第一台冷却风机后带钢的温度T1，T1≥580℃；第二台冷却风机后带钢的温度T2，T2≥500℃；第二台以后各台风机均衡控制，保证塔顶辊温度T3，T3≤235℃。
采用上述技术方案所产生的有益效果在于：本发明通过控制铝硅镀层钢板的整体的粗糙度以及均匀性，能够确保铝硅镀层钢板表面涂装后的粗糙度以及均值，进而解决由于粗糙度大以及不均匀造成的漫反射严重的问题，从而有效地提高了涂漆后的鲜映性指标；涂装后产品的鲜映性指标较好，能够满足汽车以及家电对高亮表面的要求；采用非哑光漆进行涂装后，鲜映性指标DOI≥83。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
本提高铝硅镀层钢涂装后鲜映性的方法采用下述工艺步骤：（1）完全退火：为了获得良好的加工性能，所述钢板或钢带进行完全退火。可采用下述两种完全退火工艺中的一种：①适合低温罩式退火方式的完全退火工艺为：加热温度为600～650℃，均热时间为2～3小时，保温时间4～6小时；②适合连续退火的完全退火工艺为：加热温度为720～800℃，加热时间为3～8分钟，均热时间1～3分钟。
（2）热浸镀：所述完全退火后的钢板进行铝硅镀层热浸镀。采用下述重量成分的镀液：铝80.0%～92.0%、硅7.0%～15.0%、铁1.0%～5.0%。所述热浸镀工艺为：为了保证热浸镀时的表面质量以及镀后镀层中各相的析出以及长大，更主要的是为了防止镀层凝固后表面的晶花组织生长过于细小，影响后续粗糙度的控制。需要对不同厚度规格产品进行合理的带钢入锌锅温度以及镀液温度控制；钢板或钢带的厚度为t，t为0.35～1.2mm，镀液温度控制范围为665±5℃；0.35≤t≤0.6mm时，带钢入锌锅温度670～680℃；0.6＜t≤0.9mm时，带钢入锌锅温度668～676℃；0.9＜t≤1.2mm时，带钢入锌锅温度665～673℃。
（3）镀后冷却：热浸镀后的钢板或钢带进行冷却。镀后冷却采用的是连续镀锌生产线常规镀后冷却风机，为了防止镀层的晶花尺寸过小，导致整体晶界尺寸占比大、涂装后发生漫反射的几率变大，同时需要控制晶花整体的均匀性，需要对镀后的冷却制度进行合理控制；镀后冷却第一台冷却风机后带钢的温度T1，T1≥580℃，优选T1为580～630℃；第二台冷却风机后带钢的温度T2，T2≥500℃，优选T2为500～550℃；第二台以后各台风机均衡控制，保证塔顶辊温度T3，T3≤235℃，优选T3为170～235℃。
（4）光整处理：由于后续需要对铝硅镀层钢板及钢带进行辊涂涂漆，对表面质量有一定的要求，为保证铝硅镀层钢板或钢带表面质量的均匀性，需要对镀后冷却的铝硅镀层钢板或钢带进行光整处理；光整延伸率要求为0.60%～1.50%；为减少光整后带钢粗糙度对鲜映性的影响，光整辊粗糙度Ra≤2.5um。
实施例1-18：本提高铝硅镀层钢涂装后鲜映性的方法具体如下所述。
（1）采用上述工艺过程，各实施例的完全退火和热浸镀的工艺参数见表1。
表1：完全退火和热浸镀
（2）各实施例的镀后冷却、光整处理工艺参数和涂漆后的DOI值见表2。
表2：镀后冷却、光整处理和DOI值
Claims (4)
1.一种提高铝硅镀层钢涂装后鲜映性的方法，其特征在于，所述方法工艺为：钢板或钢带在完全退火后进行热浸镀，然后进行镀后冷却；所述热浸镀采用下述重量成分的镀液：铝80.0%～92.0%、硅7.0%～15.0%、铁1.0%～5.0%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的提高铝硅镀层钢涂装后鲜映性的方法，其特征在于，所述完全退火工艺为：加热温度为600～650℃，加热时间为2～3小时，均热时间4～6小时；或者，加热温度为720～800℃，加热时间为3～8分钟，均热时间1～3分钟。
3.根据权利要求1所述的提高铝硅镀层钢涂装后鲜映性的方法，其特征在于，所述热浸镀工艺为：钢板的厚度为t，t为0.35～1.2mm，镀液温度控制范围为665±5℃；0.35≤t≤0.6mm时，带钢入锌锅温度670～680℃；0.6＜t≤0.9mm时，带钢入锌锅温度668～676℃；0.9＜t≤1.2mm时，带钢入锌锅温度665～673℃。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的提高铝硅镀层钢涂装后鲜映性的方法，其特征在于，所述镀后冷却工艺为：镀后冷却第一台冷却风机后带钢的温度T1，T1≥580℃；第二台冷却风机后带钢的温度T2，T2≥500℃；第二台以后各台风机均衡控制，保证塔顶辊温度T3，T3≤235℃。
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