CN116284045A - 一种手性吲哚单元取代的四氢异喹啉化合物及其合成方法 - Google Patents
一种手性吲哚单元取代的四氢异喹啉化合物及其合成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 30
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07D498/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D498/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
- C07B2200/07—Optical isomers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
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- Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种手性吲哚单元取代的四氢异喹啉化合物及其合成方法,属于不对称催化合成技术领域,合成了一种手性磷酸催化的不对称构建手性含有吲哚单元的取代四氢异喹啉化合物,主要合成方法为:使用手性磷酸体系,催化C,N‑环状偶氮亚胺和3‑(2‑异氰基乙基)‑吲哚的不对称[5+1]环加成反应。其中产率最高达99%,对映选择性最高达95%ee。本发明合成方法无金属参与,原料易得,反应条件简单温和,催化剂用量少,反应时间短,后处理简单,适用底物范围广,并且合成的绝大多数目标物具有较高的产率和对映选择性,是一种全新的高效合成手性吲哚单元取代的四氢异喹啉化合物方法,具备极强的推广潜力。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于不对称催化合成技术领域,具体的涉及一种手性吲哚单元取代的四氢异喹啉化合物及其合成方法。
背景技术
四氢异喹啉衍生物广泛存在于具有重要活性的天然产物以及药物分子中,受到了合成化学家的广泛关注。在众多合成方法中,C,N-环状偶氮亚胺参与的1,3-偶极环加成反应是最直接的策略之一,包括[3+2],[3+3],[3+4]等反应,C,N-环状偶氮亚胺参与的其它类型反应报道较少。
手性磷酸是一种Bronsted酸,具有双功能催化剂的特点,磷原子上连接羟基可以提供质子,从而与底物形成氢键作为一种Bronsted酸位点,磷氧双键也可以提供孤电子对作为磷氧碱性位点,并通过调节3,3'位取代基的空间位阻和电子效应来调节反应的对映选择性。手性磷酸催化剂广泛应用于各类反应,如Friedel-Crafts反应,Mannich反应,不对称氢转移反应,Ene反应,环加成反应等。近年来手性磷酸应用于部分不对称[2+2]环加成、[3+2]环加成、[4+2]环加成反应,但本发明中使用手性磷酸体系,催化C,N-环状偶氮亚胺和3-(2-异氰基乙基)-吲哚的不对称[5+1]环加成反应,得到手性吲哚单元取代的四氢异喹啉化合物还未见相关报道。
手性化合物与其消旋体相比,会表现出不同的生物活性,或者是表现出比消旋体更好的生物活性。目前对于[5+1]环加成反应仅有消旋体报道。因此,非常迫切需要发展催化不对称的方法合成手性类化合物。
发明内容
本发明主要是克服现有技术中的不足之处,提出一种手性吲哚单元取代的四氢异喹啉化合物及其合成方法,属于不对称催化合成技术领域,合成了一种手性磷酸催化的不对称构建手性含有吲哚单元的取代四氢异喹啉化合物,主要合成方法为:使用手性磷酸体系,催化C,N-环状偶氮亚胺和3-(2-异氰基乙基)-吲哚的不对称[5+1]环加成反应。其中产率最高达99%,对映选择性最高达95% ee。本发明合成方法无金属参与,原料易得,反应条件简单温和,催化剂用量少,反应时间短,后处理简单,适用底物范围广,并且合成的绝大多数目标物具有较高的产率和对映选择性,是一种全新的高效合成手性吲哚单元取代的四氢异喹啉化合物方法,具备极强的推广潜力。
为了实现上述技术目的,本发明采用的技术方案为:
一种手性吲哚单元取代的四氢异喹啉化合物,分子结构通式为:
其中,R1取代基为氢原子、卤素原子、甲基、甲氧基的任意一种;
R2选自氢原子、甲基、苯甲酰基、Boc、Ts中的任意一种;
R3选自氢原子、甲基中的任意一种;
R4选自氢原子、卤素原子、甲基、萘基中的任意一种;
R5选自氢原子、卤素原子、甲基、甲氧基的任意一种。
一种手性吲哚单元取代的四氢异喹啉化合物的合成方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1:将手性磷酸和A物料置于干燥的反应容器内;
步骤S2:将反应器抽真空,然后充入N2;反复进行三次,使反应器处于惰性气氛条件;
步骤S3:在惰性气氛条件下,向反应器内加入溶剂,然后加入B物料;
步骤S4:将反应器内的混合物料在搅拌条件下反应,反应结束后去除溶剂,获得产物的粗品;提纯后得到同时含有四氢异喹啉和吲哚骨架的衍生物,即为手性吲哚单元取代的四氢异喹啉化合物;
所述A物料的结构通式为:
其中,R4选自氢原子、卤素原子、甲基、萘基中的任意一种;R5选自氢原子、卤素原子、甲基、甲氧基的任意一种;
所述B物料的结构通式为:
其中,R1取代基为氢原子、卤素原子、甲基、甲氧基的任意一种;
R2选自氢原子、甲基、苄基、Boc、Ts中的任意一种;
R3选自氢原子、甲基中的任意一种;
所述手性磷酸的结构式为:
所述手性吲哚单元取代的四氢异喹啉化合物的结构通式为:
其中,R1取代基为氢原子、卤素原子、甲基、甲氧基的任意一种;
R2选自氢原子、甲基、苄基、Boc、Ts中的任意一种;
R3选自氢原子、甲基中的任意一种;
R4选自氢原子、卤素原子、甲基、萘基中的任意一种;
R5选自氢原子、卤素原子、甲基、甲氧基的任意一种。
进一步的,所述A物料、B物料及手性磷酸的摩尔比为1:1.5:0.1。
进一步的,所述步骤S3中的溶剂为四氢呋喃。
进一步的,所述步骤S4中的反应时间为4 h。
进一步的,所述步骤S4中的反应温度为-50 ℃。
进一步的,所述步骤S4中采用旋转蒸发方式去除溶剂,浓缩反应液得到粗产品。
进一步的,所述步骤S4中提纯过程为:石油醚与乙酸乙酯体积比3:1作为溶剂,柱层析分离,得到最终产物。
进一步的,所述B物料为3-(2-异氰基乙基)-吲哚,3-(2-异氰基乙基)-6-F-吲哚,3-(2-异氰基乙基)-6-Br-吲哚,3-(3-异氰基丙基)-吲哚,3-(2-异氰基乙基)-2-甲基-吲哚,3-(2-异氰基乙基)-7-甲基-吲哚,3-(2-异氰基乙基)-6-甲基-吲哚,3-(2-异氰基乙基)-5-Cl-吲哚,3-(2-异氰基乙基)-6-Cl-吲哚,3-(2-异氰基乙基)-1-甲基-吲哚,3-(2-异氰基乙基)-1-Boc-吲哚。
进一步的,所述A物料为C,N-环状偶氮亚胺,5-甲基-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺,6-F-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺,6-Cl-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺,6-Br-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺,4-甲基-苯甲酰基-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺,4-甲氧基-苯甲酰基-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺,4-氟-苯甲酰基-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺,4-氯-苯甲酰基-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺,萘基-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺中的任意一种。
有益效果
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:
本发明提供了一种同时含有四氢异喹啉和吲哚骨架衍生物的不对称合成方法,合成方法科学合理,产率最高达99%,对映选择性最高达95% ee。而且还具有无金属参与,原料易得,反应条件简单温和,催化剂用量少,反应时间短,后处理简单,适用底物范围广,并且合成的绝大多数目标物具有较高的产率和对映选择性,是一种全新的高效合成手性吲哚单元取代的四氢异喹啉化合物方法。通过该有机合成方法可获得同时含异喹啉和吲哚骨架的衍生物,骨架结构新颖独特。
附图说明
图1为实施例的反应通式图;
图2为实施例1的产物结构示意图;
图3为实施例2的产物结构示意图;
图4为实施例3的产物结构示意图;
图5为实施例4的产物结构示意图;
图6为实施例5的产物结构示意图;
图7为实施例6的产物结构示意图;
图8为实施例7的产物结构示意图;
图9为实施例8的产物结构示意图;
图10为实施例9的产物结构示意图;
图11为实施例10的产物结构示意图;
图12为实施例11的产物结构示意图;
图13为实施例12的产物结构示意图;
图14为实施例13的产物结构示意图;
图15为实施例14的产物结构示意图;
图16为实施例15的产物结构示意图;
图17为实施例16的产物结构示意图;
图18为实施例17的产物结构示意图;
图19为实施例18的产物结构示意图;
图20为实施例19的产物结构示意图;
图21为实施例20的产物结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
按照图1所示的反应通式,合成下列实施例中的化合物。
实施例1:
合成化合物1:
将手性磷酸催化剂(10 mol%),C,N-环状偶氮亚胺(0.15 mmol,1.5 eq)加入干燥的反应管内;对反应管抽充N2三次;在惰性氛围下,-50 ℃加入0.5 mL四氢呋喃;然后加入3-(2-异氰基乙基)-吲哚(0.1 mmol,1 eq),-50 ℃下搅拌4h至反应结束。反应完成后,旋转蒸发仪浓缩反应液得到的粗产品,用柱层析分离(石油醚与乙酸乙酯体积比为3:1),得到化合物1,结构式如图2所示,产率为88%,90.5:9.5 er,[a]D 21.2 = -7.5 (c = 0.48 in DCM)。
化合物1的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.16 (s, 1H), 7.80 – 7.75 (m, 3H), 7.40 –7.32 (m, 5H), 7.28 – 7.18 (m, 3H), 7.15 – 7.10 (m, 3H), 5.05 (s, 1H), 4.18 –4.03 (m, 2H), 4.00 – 3.90 (m, 1H), 3.50 – 3.36 (m, 2H), 3.34 – 3.24 (m, 2H),2.78 – 2.68 (m, 1H).
13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 147.61, 143.17, 136.41, 134.55, 130.28,130.12, 129.69, 129.24, 128.27, 127.70, 127.66, 127.40, 126.35, 125.38,122.02, 121.95, 119.33, 119.03, 114.48, 111.18, 58.29, 51.10, 46.86, 26.55,25.91.
HRMS (ESI) calcd for C27H25N4O+ ([M+H+]) = 421.2023, Found 421.2024。
实施例2:
将实施例1中的原料A替换为5-甲基-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺;合成方法(反应物比例及反应步骤)与实施例1中相同;得化合物2,如图3所示,产率为69%,84.5:15.5 er,[a]D 22.6 =-12.7 (c = 0.26 in EA).
核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.11 (s, 1H), 7.78 – 7.76 (m, 1H), 7.75 –7.70 (m, 2H), 7.42 – 7.38 (m, 1H), 7.36 – 7.30 (m, 3H), 7.26 – 7.22 (m, 2H),7.20 – 7.14 (m, 2H), 6.94 – 6.92 (m, 2H), 4.99 (s, 1H), 4.14 – 4.00 (m, 2H),3.97 – 3.87 (m, 1H), 3.49 – 3.36 (m, 2H), 3.32 – 3.23 (m, 2H), 2.72 – 2.64(m, 1H), 2.30 (s, 3H).
13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 147.77, 143.08, 137.29, 136.37, 134.33,130.30, 129.80, 129.63, 128.23, 127.67, 127.32, 127.18, 127.03, 125.36,122.01, 121.90, 119.32, 119.02, 114.52, 111.16, 58.14, 51.16, 46.84, 26.53,25.91, 21.03.
HRMS (ESI) calcd for C28H27N4O+ ([M+H+]) = 435.2179, Found 435.2178。
实施例3:
将实施例1中的原料A替换为6-F-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺;合成方法(反应物比例及反应步骤)与实施例1中相同;得化合物3,如图4所示,产率为88%,90.5:9.5 er,[a]D 22.6 =26.4 (c = 0.44 in EA).
核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.12 (s, 1H), 7.78 (dd, J = 7.6, 1.2 Hz,1H), 7.72 – 7.68 (m, 2H), 7.41 – 7.30 (m, 4H), 7.06 (td, J = 7.2, 1.6 Hz,1H), 7.21 – 7.17 (m, 2H), 7.16 – 7.11 (m, 1H), 7.06 (dd, J = 8.8, 5.6 Hz,1H), 6.94 – 6.88 (m, 1H), 4.96 (s, 1H), 4.14 (dt, J = 13.2, 7.2 Hz, 1H), 4.01(dt, J = 13.2, 7.2 Hz, 1H), 3.97 – 3.90 (m, 1H), 3.43 – 3.24 (m, 4H), 2.67(dd, J = 16.0, 3.6 Hz, 1H).
13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 161.01 (d, J = 243.0 Hz), 147.17, 143.28,136.46, 131.97 (d, J = 7.0 Hz), 130.63 (d, J = 7.0 Hz), 130.08 (d, J = 3.0Hz), 130.04, 129.79, 128.28, 127.54, 125.38, 122.08, 122.01, 119.29, 118.96,114.89 (d, J = 21.0 Hz), 114.32 (d, J = 2.0 Hz), 114.08, 111.26, 58.14,51.02, 46.73, 26.54, 25.13.
19F NMR (376 MHz, CDCl3) δ -115.41 (d, J = 4.8 Hz).
HRMS (ESI) calcd for C27H24FN4O+ ([M+H+]) = 439.1929, Found 439.1926。
实施例4:
将实施例1中的原料A替换为6-Cl-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺;合成方法(反应物比例及反应步骤)与实施例1中相同;得化合物4,如图5所示,产率为83%,94:6 er,[a]D 22.7 = 88.6(c = 0.84 in EA).
核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.12 (s, 1H), 7.77 (dd, J = 8.0, 1.2 Hz,1H), 7.68 – 7.63 (m, 2H), 7.47 (dd, J = 2.4, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.40 – 7.35 (m,2H), 7.34 – 7.29 (m, 2H), 7.26 – 7.22 (m, 1H), 7.21 – 7.17 (m, 3H), 7.03 (d,J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.95 (s, 1H), 4.13 (dt, J = 13.2, 7.2 Hz, 1H), 4.01 (dt, J =13.2, 6.8 Hz, 1H), 3.97 – 3.89 (m, 1H), 3.42 – 3.31 (m, 2H), 3.29 – 3.25 (m,2H), 2.72 – 2.64 (m, 1H).
13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 147.08, 143.36, 136.43, 133.08, 131.91,131.73, 130.58, 129.94, 129.82, 128.29, 127.93, 127.54, 127.43, 125.37,122.15, 122.00, 119.29, 118.93, 114.29, 111.26, 57.98, 50.87, 46.76, 26.48,25.33.
HRMS (ESI) calcd for C27H24ClN4O+ ([M+H+]) = 455.1633, Found 455.1626。
实施例5:
将实施例1中的原料A替换为6-Br-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺;合成方法(反应物比例及反应步骤)与实施例1中相同;得化合物5,如图6所示,产率为61%,93:7 er,[a]D 22.9 = 120 (c= 0.16 in EA).
核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.12 (s, 1H), 7.78 – 7.77 (m, 1H), 7.68 –7.63 (m, 3H), 7.40 – 7.36 (m, 2H), 7.35 – 7.30 (m, 3H), 7.24 – 7.26 (m, 1H),7.22 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.21 – 7.19 (m, 1H), 6.98 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 4.96(s, 1H), 4.13 (dt, J = 12.6, 7.2 Hz, 1H), 4.02 (dt, J = 12.6, 7.2 Hz, 1H),3.96 – 3.90 (m, 1H), 3.38 (td, J = 12.6, 7.2 Hz, 1H), 3.34 – 3.30 (m, 1H),3.29 – 3.26 (m, 2H), 2.65 (dd, J = 16.8, 4.2 Hz, 1H).
13C NMR (151 MHz, CDCl3) δ 147.02, 143.40, 136.44, 133.64, 132.33,130.90, 130.84, 130.34, 129.95, 129.82, 128.30, 127.58, 125.38, 122.14,122.01, 119.74, 119.30, 118.94, 114.33, 111.26, 57.92, 50.85, 46.78, 26.47,25.43.
HRMS (ESI) calcd for C27H24BrN4O+ ([M+H+]) = 499.1128, Found 499.1123。
实施例6:
将实施例1中的原料A替换为4-甲基-苯甲酰基-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺;合成方法(反应物比例及反应步骤)与实施例1中相同;得化合物6,如图7所示,产率为85%,93.5:6.5er,[a]D 23 = 4.8 (c = 0.42 in EA).
核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.13 (s, 1H), 7.78 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.65– 7.62 (m, 2H), 7.42 – 7.34 (m, 2H), 7.25 (td, J = 8.0, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.22 –7.17 (m, 2H), 7.16 – 7.13 (m, 3H), 7.12 – 7.08 (m, 2H), 5.01 (s, 1H), 4.15 –3.99 (m, 2H), 3.99 – 3.90 (m, 1H), 3.48 – 3.37 (m, 2H), 3.30 – 3.25 (m, 2H),2.75 – 2.66 (m, 1H), 2.37 (s, 3H).
13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 147.74, 143.40, 139.90, 136.36, 134.57,130.13, 129.21, 128.97, 127.67, 127.61, 127.49, 127.40, 126.30, 125.34,122.01, 121.91, 119.32, 119.04, 114.51, 111.17, 58.31, 51.09, 46.83, 26.55,25.85, 21.40.
HRMS (ESI) calcd for C28H27N4O+ ([M+H+]) = 435.2179, Found 435.2179。
实施例7:
将实施例1中的原料A替换为4-甲氧基-苯甲酰基-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺;合成方法(反应物比例及反应步骤)与实施例1中相同;得化合物7,如图8所示,产率为77%,88.5:11.5 er,[a]D 22.9 = 6 (c = 0.3 in EA).
核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.08 (s, 1H), 7.76 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.68– 7.62 (m, 2H), 7.40 – 7.38 (m, 1H), 7.37 – 7.33 (m, 1H), 7.26 – 7.14 (m,4H), 7.12 – 7.07 (m, 2H), 6.85 – 6.80 (m, 2H), 4.98 (s, 1H), 4.12 – 3.98 (m,2H), 3.95 – 3.86 (m, 1H), 3.82 (s, 3H), 3.43 – 3.38 (m, 2H), 3.32 – 3.20 (m,2H), 2.73 – 2.65 (m, 1H).
13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 160.88, 147.77, 143.27, 136.36, 134.60,130.16, 129.18, 127.67, 127.56, 127.44, 126.94, 126.26, 122.84, 122.00,121.88, 119.31, 119.02, 114.56, 113.66, 111.14, 58.34, 55.35, 51.09, 46.81,26.52, 25.81.
HRMS (ESI) calcd for C28H27N4O2 + ([M+H+]) = 451.2129, Found 451.2128。
实施例8:
将实施例1中的原料A替换为4-氟-苯甲酰基-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺;合成方法(反应物比例及反应步骤)与实施例1中相同;得化合物8,如图9所示,产率为79%,91.5:8.5 er,[a]D 22.6 = -5 (c = 0.4 in EA).
核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.06 (s, 1H), 7.75 (dd, J = 8.0, 1.2 Hz,1H), 7.67 – 7.62 (m, 2H), 7.40 – 7.33 (m, 2H), 7.25 – 7.15 (m, 4H), 7.13 –7.09 (m, 2H), 7.00 – 6.95 (m, 2H), 5.00 (s, 1H), 4.12 – 3.98 (m, 2H), 3.94 –3.89 (m, 1H), 3.47 – 3.32 (m, 2H), 3.29 – 3.19 (m, 2H), 2.74 – 2.66 (m, 1H).
13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 163.65 (d, J = 248.0 Hz), 147.33, 142.43,136.34, 134.49, 129.99, 129.24, 127.67, 127.59, 127.38, 127.29, 126.38,126.34, 122.06, 121.92, 119.33, 118.95, 115.27 (d, J = 22.0 Hz), 114.44,111.17, 58.21, 51.05, 46.83, 26.49, 25.83.
19F NMR (376 MHz, CDCl3) δ -110.91.
HRMS (ESI) calcd for C27H24FN4O+ ([M+H+]) = 439.1929, Found 439.1926。
实施例9:
将实施例1中的原料A替换为4-氯-苯甲酰基-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺;合成方法(反应物比例及反应步骤)与实施例1中相同;得化合物9,如图10所示,产率为99%,93.5:6.5 er,[a]D 23.1 = 14 (c = 1.28 in EA).
核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.09 (s, 1H), 7.76 (dd, J = 7.6, 1.2 Hz,1H), 7.62 – 7.55 (m, 2H), 7.40 – 7.33 (m, 2H), 7.29 – 7.17 (m, 5H), 7.15 –7.09 (m, 3H), 5.01 (s, 1H), 4.13 – 3.97 (m, 2H), 3.97 – 3.90 (m, 1H), 3.48 –3.33 (m, 2H), 3.31 – 3.22 (m, 2H), 2.74 – 2.69 (m, 1H).
13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 147.19, 142.32, 136.37, 135.60, 134.46,129.97, 129.25, 128.69, 128.45, 127.71, 127.60, 127.38, 126.59, 126.37,122.07, 121.94, 119.35, 118.95, 114.42, 111.19, 58.22, 51.08, 46.85, 26.50,25.93.
HRMS (ESI) calcd for C27H24ClN4O+ ([M+H+]) = 455.1633, Found 455.1630。
实施例10:
将实施例1中的原料A替换为萘基-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺;合成方法(反应物比例及反应步骤)与实施例1中相同;得化合物10,如图11所示,产率为84%,87:13 er,[a]D 22.9 = -107.1 (c = 0.38 in EA).
核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.04 (s, 1H), 7.98 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.82– 7.75 (m, 2H), 7.70 – 7.66 (m, 2H), 7.61 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.57 – 7.47(m, 3H), 7.40 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.32 – 7.26 (m, 4H), 7.20 – 7.15 (m, 2H),5.19 (s, 1H), 4.18 – 4.01 (m, 3H), 3.65 – 3.50 (m, 2H), 3.35 – 3.24 (m, 2H),3.19 (dd, J = 13.1, 3.8 Hz, 1H).
13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 143.23, 136.36, 132.75, 131.84, 130.38,130.05, 129.69, 128.50, 128.20, 127.66, 126.96, 126.55, 126.27, 125.88,125.33, 124.78, 122.90, 122.05, 121.89, 119.35, 119.02, 114.51, 111.13,58.71, 50.90, 46.85, 26.48, 22.95.
HRMS (ESI) calcd for C31H27N4O+ ([M+H+]) = 471.2179, Found 471.2181。
实施例11:
将实施例9中的原料B替换为3-(2-异氰基乙基)-6-F-吲哚;合成方法(反应物比例及反应步骤)与实施例1中相同;得化合物11,如图12所示,产率为99%,95:5 er,[a]D 22.7 =2.3 (c = 0.26 in EA).
核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.09 (s, 1H), 7.65 – 7.61 (m, 1H), 7.61 –7.57 (m, 2H), 7.33 – 7.25 (m, 3H), 7.22 – 7.18 (m, 1H), 7.12 – 7.07 (m, 3H),7.04 (dd, J = 9.7, 2.3 Hz, 1H), 6.92 (ddd, J = 9.6, 8.7, 2.3 Hz, 1H), 4.99(s, 1H), 4.09 – 3.97 (m, 2H), 3.95 – 3.87 (m, 1H), 3.47 – 3.34 (m, 2H), 3.21(q, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.70 (dd, J = 15.9, 3.4 Hz, 1H).
13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 161.25, 158.89, 147.32, 142.23, 136.28,136.16, 135.66, 134.46, 129.88, 129.29, 128.61, 128.44, 127.74, 127.30,126.53, 126.34, 124.23, 122.17, 122.13, 119.70, 119.60, 114.55, 108.19,107.95, 97.57, 97.31, 58.18, 51.06, 46.69, 26.38, 25.90.
19F NMR (376 MHz, CDCl3) δ -121.36.
HRMS (ESI) calcd for C27H23ClFN4O+ ([M+H+]) = 473.1539, Found 473.1537。
实施例12:
将实施例9中的原料B替换为3-(2-异氰基乙基)-6-Br-吲哚;合成方法(反应物比例及反应步骤)与实施例1中相同;得化合物12,如图13所示,产率为95%,97.5:2.5 er,[a]D 22.5 = 6.6 (c = 0.32 in EA).
核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.04 (s, 1H), 7.60 – 7.52 (m, 3H), 7.49 (d,J = 1.7 Hz, 1H), 7.30 – 7.24 (m, 4H), 7.21 – 7.17 (m, 1H), 7.09 (dt, J = 8.0,1.7 Hz, 3H), 4.98 (s, 1H), 4.00 (q, J = 7.1 Hz, 2H), 3.92 – 3.85 (m, 1H),3.47 – 3.29 (m, 2H), 3.27 – 3.12 (m, 2H), 2.70 (dd, J = 16.2, 3.5 Hz, 1H).
13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 142.15, 137.09, 135.68, 134.45, 129.82,129.27, 128.52, 128.45, 127.74, 127.29, 126.53, 126.46, 126.32, 122.64,122.56, 120.19, 115.66, 114.68, 114.05, 58.14, 51.06, 46.60, 26.22, 25.91.
HRMS (ESI) calcd for C27H23BrClN4O+ ([M+H+]) = 533.0738, Found533.0732。
实施例13:
将实施例9中的原料B替换为3-(3-异氰基丙基)-吲哚;合成方法(反应物比例及反应步骤)与实施例1中相同;得化合物13,如图14所示,产率为94%,92.5:7.5 er,[a]D 22.6 =15.4 (c = 0.26 in EA).
核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.01 (s, 1H), 7.70 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.65– 7.61 (m, 2H), 7.51 – 7.48 (m, 1H), 7.39 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.29 (d, J =1.8 Hz, 2H), 7.26 (d, J = 2.9 Hz, 1H), 7.24 – 7.20 (m, 2H), 7.20 – 7.15 (m,1H), 7.14 – 7.10 (m, 1H), 7.05 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 5.05 (s, 1H), 3.97 – 3.90(m, 1H), 3.76 (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 2H), 3.50 – 3.34 (m, 2H), 3.01 (td, J = 7.3,2.4 Hz, 2H), 2.76 – 2.68 (m, 1H), 2.21 (p, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H).
13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 147.03, 142.31, 136.43, 135.62, 134.50,130.08, 129.32, 128.76, 128.47, 127.75, 127.66, 127.31, 126.59, 126.45,121.96, 121.42, 119.22, 119.02, 116.15, 111.11, 58.19, 51.08, 45.78, 30.78,25.91, 23.08.
HRMS (ESI) calcd for C28H26ClN4O+ ([M+H+]) = 469.1790, Found 469.1790。
实施例14:
将实施例9中的原料B替换为3-(2-异氰基乙基)-2-甲基-吲哚;合成方法(反应物比例及反应步骤)与实施例1中相同;得化合物14,如图15所示,产率为68%,89.5:10.5 er,[a]D 23.2 = 4.3 (c = 0.28 in EA).
核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.81 (s, 1H), 7.65 – 7.61 (m, 1H), 7.60 –7.54 (m, 2H), 7.37 – 7.33 (m, 1H), 7.28 (s, 1H), 7.26 – 7.23 (m, 2H), 7.20(dt, J = 7.3, 1.1 Hz, 1H), 7.16 – 7.09 (m, 4H), 4.98 (s, 1H), 3.98 – 3.89 (m,3H), 3.48 – 3.33 (m, 2H), 3.24 – 3.08 (m, 2H), 2.71 (dd, J = 16.2, 3.5 Hz,1H), 2.47 (s, 3H).
13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 142.34, 135.55, 135.36, 134.46, 131.66,129.96, 129.23, 128.73, 128.64, 128.40, 127.69, 127.40, 126.59, 126.39,121.07, 119.23, 118.01, 110.25, 109.74, 58.26, 51.11, 46.90, 26.00, 25.49,11.82.
HRMS (ESI) calcd for C28H26ClN4O+ ([M+H+]) = 469.1790, Found 469.1793。
实施例15:
将实施例9中的原料B替换为3-(2-异氰基乙基)-7-甲基-吲哚;合成方法(反应物比例及反应步骤)与实施例1中相同;得化合物15,如图16所示,产率为90%,95:5 er,[a]D 21.9 = -1.7 (c = 0.3 in EA).
核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.96 (s, 1H), 7.59 (td, J = 6.9, 1.6 Hz,2H), 7.35 (dt, J = 8.0, 1.1 Hz, 1H), 7.28 (s, 1H), 7.27 – 7.22 (m, 2H), 7.21– 7.18 (m, 1H), 7.15 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.10 (td, J = 7.5, 2.8 Hz, 3H),7.05 – 7.02 (m, 1H), 5.01 (s, 1H), 4.10 – 3.97 (m, 2H), 3.94 – 3.88 (m, 1H),3.49 – 3.34 (m, 2H), 3.29 – 3.17 (m, 2H), 2.71 (dd, J = 16.0, 3.6 Hz, 1H),2.49 (s, 3H).
13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 147.20, 142.28, 135.93, 135.57, 134.45,129.97, 129.25, 128.64, 128.42, 127.70, 127.39, 127.10, 126.56, 126.36,122.61, 121.63, 120.35, 119.60, 116.66, 114.93, 58.19, 51.07, 46.90, 26.63,25.90, 16.62.
HRMS (ESI) calcd for C28H26ClN4O+ ([M+H+]) = 469.1790, Found 469.1792。
实施例16:
将实施例9中的原料B替换为3-(2-异氰基乙基)-6-甲基-吲哚;合成方法(反应物比例及反应步骤)与实施例1中相同;化合物16,如图17所示,产率为79%,96.5:3.5 er,[a]D 22.7 = 9.5 (c = 0.98 in EA).
核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.00 (s, 1H), 7.65 – 7.58 (m, 3H), 7.40 –7.35 (m, 1H), 7.29 – 7.24 (m, 2H), 7.22 (tt, J = 7.5, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.16 –7.08 (m, 4H), 7.06 – 7.03 (m, 1H), 5.02 (s, 1H), 4.14 – 3.97 (m, 2H), 3.97 –3.90 (m, 1H), 3.49 – 3.33 (m, 2H), 3.32 – 3.21 (m, 2H), 2.76 – 2.68 (m, 1H),2.50 (s, 3H).
13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 147.17, 142.31, 135.96, 135.58, 134.47,130.00, 129.26, 128.67, 128.43, 127.71, 127.40, 127.13, 126.57, 126.37,122.61, 121.66, 120.37, 119.61, 116.68, 114.92, 58.23, 51.08, 46.93, 26.65,25.92, 16.62.
HRMS (ESI) calcd for C28H26ClN4O+ ([M+H+]) = 469.1790, Found 469.1791。
实施例17:
将实施例9中的原料B替换为3-(2-异氰基乙基)-5-Cl-吲哚;合成方法(反应物比例及反应步骤)与实施例1中相同;得化合物17,如图18所示,产率为87%,90.5:9.5 er,[a]D 23.1 = 6 (c = 0.2 in EA).
核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 11.07 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.69 (d, J =2.1 Hz, 1H), 7.56 (td, J = 5.8, 4.9, 2.3 Hz, 2H), 7.42 – 7.32 (m, 4H), 7.15(dd, J = 8.1, 3.9 Hz, 1H), 7.06 (ddd, J = 16.6, 5.6, 4.0 Hz, 4H), 5.06 (s,1H), 4.05 (ddd, J = 13.0, 8.3, 6.3 Hz, 1H), 3.83 (ddd, J = 11.1, 7.8, 5.6 Hz,1H), 3.77 – 3.68 (m, 1H), 3.48 (td, J = 12.5, 4.6 Hz, 1H), 3.20 – 3.04 (m,3H), 2.70 – 2.64 (m, 1H).
13C NMR (101 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 146.51, 141.75, 135.22, 134.96, 134.80,130.45, 129.58, 129.12, 128.90, 128.84, 127.91, 127.25, 126.87, 126.57,125.48, 123.49, 121.27, 118.19, 113.34, 112.98, 57.69, 50.49, 46.58, 26.28,25.76.
HRMS (ESI) calcd for C27H23Cl2N4O+ ([M+H+]) = 489.1243, Found 489.1244。
实施例18:
将实施例9中的原料B替换为3-(2-异氰基乙基)-6-Cl-吲哚;合成方法(反应物比例及反应步骤)与实施例1中相同;得化合物18,如图19所示,产率为96%,95.5:4.5 er,[a]D 21.9 = 3.4 (c = 0.38 in DCM).
核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.12 (s, 1H), 7.62 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1H), 7.58– 7.54 (m, 2H), 7.32 – 7.25 (m, 4H), 7.22 – 7.18 (m, 1H), 7.13 – 7.07 (m,4H), 4.98 (s, 1H), 4.08 – 3.96 (m, 2H), 3.94 – 3.88 (m, 1H), 3.46 – 3.30 (m,2H), 3.27 – 3.14 (m, 2H), 2.70 (dd, J = 15.6, 3.3 Hz, 1H).
13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 147.40, 142.22, 136.67, 135.67, 134.46,129.87, 129.29, 128.56, 128.44, 127.99, 127.75, 127.30, 126.49, 126.33,126.24, 122.63, 120.04, 119.81, 114.61, 111.08, 58.19, 51.06, 46.64, 26.28,25.92.
HRMS (ESI) calcd for C27H23Cl2N4O+ ([M+H+]) = 489.1243, Found 489.1241。
实施例19:
将实施例9中的原料B替换为3-(2-异氰基乙基)-1-甲基-吲哚,合成方法(反应物比例及反应步骤)与实施例1中相同;得化合物19,如图20所示,产率为85%,95:5 er,[a]D 21.6 = 0.7 (c = 0.3 in DCM).
核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.75 – 7.72 (m, 1H), 7.62 – 7.57 (m, 2H),7.35 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.32 – 7.24 (m, 4H), 7.23 – 7.15 (m, 2H), 7.11 (t,J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.01 (s, 1H), 5.01 (s, 1H), 4.09 – 3.89 (m, 3H), 3.77 (s,3H), 3.50 – 3.34 (m, 2H), 3.25 (p, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.71 (dd, J = 16.3, 3.5Hz, 1H).
13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 147.15, 142.25, 137.07, 135.56, 134.47,130.01, 129.24, 128.69, 128.42, 127.97, 127.69, 127.41, 126.81, 126.56,126.32, 121.59, 119.00, 118.75, 112.82, 109.22, 58.23, 51.08, 47.06, 32.60,26.39, 25.93.
HRMS (ESI) calcd for C28H26ClN4O+ ([M+H+]) = 469.1790, Found 469.1792。
实施例20:
将实施例9中的原料B替换为3-(2-异氰基乙基)-1-Boc-吲哚;合成方法(反应物比例及反应步骤)与实施例1中相同;得化合物20,如图21所示,产率为87%,93:7 er,[a]D 21.7= -4 (c = 0.28 in DCM).
核磁数据如下:
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.15 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.68 – 7.65 (m,1H), 7.63 – 7.58 (m, 2H), 7.55 (s, 1H), 7.37 – 7.32 (m, 1H), 7.30 – 7.25 (m,4H), 7.22 – 7.17 (m, 1H), 7.14 – 7.08 (m, 2H), 4.99 (s, 1H), 4.08 (dt, J =13.1, 7.4 Hz, 1H), 4.02 – 3.97 (m, 1H), 3.94 – 3.86 (m, 1H), 3.48 – 3.33 (m,2H), 3.23 – 3.11 (m, 2H), 2.71 (dd, J = 16.2, 3.5 Hz, 1H), 1.67 (s, 9H).
13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 149.80, 147.49, 142.15, 135.62, 134.41,130.68, 129.80, 129.23, 128.62, 128.46, 127.71, 127.36, 126.55, 126.39,124.37, 123.18, 122.39, 119.04, 118.92, 115.36, 83.40, 58.20, 51.08, 45.89,28.23, 26.24, 25.96.
HRMS (ESI) calcd for C32H32ClN4O3 + ([M+H+]) = 555.2157, Found 555.2159。
综上所述,本发明公开了一种手性吲哚单元取代的四氢异喹啉化合物及其合成方法,属于不对称催化合成技术领域,合成了一种手性磷酸催化的不对称构建手性含有吲哚单元的取代四氢异喹啉化合物,主要合成方法为:使用手性磷酸体系,催化C,N-环状偶氮亚胺和3-(2-异氰基乙基)-吲哚的不对称[5+1]环加成反应。其中产率最高达99%,对映选择性最高达95% ee。本发明合成方法无金属参与,原料易得,反应条件简单温和,催化剂用量少,反应时间短,后处理简单,适用底物范围广,并且合成的绝大多数目标物具有较高的产率和对映选择性,是一种全新的高效合成手性吲哚单元取代的四氢异喹啉化合物方法,具备极强的推广潜力。
以上所述,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,虽然本发明已通过上述实施例揭示,然而并非用以限定本发明,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员,在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内,当可利用上述揭示的技术内容作出些变动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例,但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰,均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。
Claims (10)
2.一种手性吲哚单元取代的四氢异喹啉化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述合成方法包括以下步骤:
步骤S1:将手性磷酸和A物料置于干燥的反应容器内;
步骤S2:将反应器抽真空,然后充入N2;反复进行三次,使反应器处于惰性气氛条件;
步骤S3:在惰性气氛条件下,向反应器内加入溶剂,然后加入B物料;
步骤S4:将反应器内的混合物料在搅拌条件下反应,反应结束后去除溶剂,获得产物的粗品;提纯后得到同时含有四氢异喹啉和吲哚骨架的衍生物,即为手性吲哚单元取代的四氢异喹啉化合物;
所述A物料的结构通式为:
其中,R4选自氢原子、卤素原子、甲基、萘基中的任意一种;R5选自氢原子、卤素原子、甲基、甲氧基的任意一种;
所述B物料的结构通式为:
其中,R1取代基为氢原子、卤素原子、甲基、甲氧基的任意一种;
R2选自氢原子、甲基、苄基、Boc、Ts中的任意一种;
R3选自氢原子、甲基中的任意一种;
所述手性磷酸的结构式为:
所述手性吲哚单元取代的四氢异喹啉化合物的结构通式为:
其中,R1取代基为氢原子、卤素原子、甲基、甲氧基的任意一种;
R2选自氢原子、甲基、苄基、Boc、Ts中的任意一种;
R3选自氢原子、甲基中的任意一种;
R4选自氢原子、卤素原子、甲基、萘基中的任意一种;
R5选自氢原子、卤素原子、甲基、甲氧基的任意一种。
3.如权利要求2中所述一种手性吲哚单元取代的四氢异喹啉化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述A物料、B物料及手性磷酸的摩尔比为1:1.5:0.1。
4.如权利要求2中所述一种手性吲哚单元取代的四氢异喹啉化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S3中的溶剂为四氢呋喃。
5. 如权利要求2中所述一种手性吲哚单元取代的四氢异喹啉化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S4中的反应时间为4 h。
6. 如权利要求2中所述一种手性吲哚单元取代的四氢异喹啉化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S4中的反应温度为-50 ℃。
7.如权利要求2中所述一种手性吲哚单元取代的四氢异喹啉化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S4中采用旋转蒸发方式去除溶剂,浓缩反应液得到粗产品。
8.如权利要求2中所述一种手性吲哚单元取代的四氢异喹啉化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S4中提纯过程为:石油醚与乙酸乙酯体积比3:1作为溶剂,柱层析分离,得到最终产物。
9.如权利要求2中所述一种手性吲哚单元取代的四氢异喹啉化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述B物料为3-(2-异氰基乙基)-吲哚,3-(2-异氰基乙基)-6-F-吲哚,3-(2-异氰基乙基)-6-Br-吲哚,3-(3-异氰基丙基)-吲哚,3-(2-异氰基乙基)-2-甲基-吲哚,3-(2-异氰基乙基)-7-甲基-吲哚,3-(2-异氰基乙基)-6-甲基-吲哚,3-(2-异氰基乙基)-5-Cl-吲哚,3-(2-异氰基乙基)-6-Cl-吲哚,3-(2-异氰基乙基)-1-甲基-吲哚,3-(2-异氰基乙基)-1-Boc-吲哚中的任意一种。
10. 如权利要求2中所述一种手性吲哚单元取代的四氢异喹啉化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述A物料为C,N-环状偶氮亚胺,5-甲基-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺,6-F-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺,6-Cl-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺,6-Br-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺, 4-甲基-苯甲酰基-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺,4-甲氧基-苯甲酰基-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺,4-氟-苯甲酰基-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺,4-氯-苯甲酰基-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺,萘基-C,N-环状偶氮亚胺中的任意一种。
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