CN116270830B - 一种抗辐射的中药组合物及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种抗辐射的中药组合物及其应用。所述中药组合物由质量配比如下的原料制成：当归15～35份，甘草5～20份，陈皮5～20份，黄芩5～20份，侧柏叶8～20份，五味子3～10份。本发明的有益效果主要体现在：本发明提供了一种抗辐射的中药组合物及其应用，具有补血益气、清热解毒之功效，能显著改善辐射所致火热邪毒证，具有较好应用前景。
Description
(一)技术领域
本发明涉及一种抗辐射的中药组合物及其应用，属于中医药领域。
(二)背景技术
随着高科技电子产品的普及、核技术的发展，包括临床诊疗、军工业的应用拓展会带来一定的辐射危害。日常生活中人们所熟知的肿瘤放射治疗在给肿瘤患者带来生机的同时，也会带来较强的健康风险。辐射污染被公认为大气污染、水质污染和噪声污染之后的第四大污染源，已经成为危害人类健康的隐形杀手。
面对辐射的威胁，人们正加快步伐探索有效的抗辐射药物。目前的化学抗辐射药物多具有较大的毒性，近年来科研工作者将目光转向中药及天然产物，试图找到疗效好、更安全的抗辐射药物。
辐射损伤与其他器官或系统特异性疾病不同，通常涉及不同系统的多个器官，中药及天然药物因其毒性低，成分多样，可以通过多种途径、多靶点治疗疾病的特点而被日益重视。大量实验已证实中药具有很好的抗辐射效果，中药“安多霖胶囊”是国内首个批准的抗辐射中药，人参、当归、刺五加和红景天等也有很好的抗辐射效果，并且无毒害或毒副作用较轻，相比于其他类药物使用更安全。
(三)发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种抗辐射的中药组合物及其应用。
本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种抗辐射的中药组合物，由质量配比如下的原料制成：当归15～35份，甘草5～20份，陈皮5～20份，黄芩5～20份，侧柏叶8～20份，五味子3～10份。
优选的，所述中药组合物由质量配比如下的原料制成：当归24份，甘草10份，陈皮10份，黄芩10份，侧柏叶12份，五味子6份。
当归为伞形科植物当归Angelicasinensis(Oliv.)Diels的干燥根，性甘、辛，温，归肝、心、脾经，具有补血活血、调经止痛、润肠通便之功效。陈皮为芸香科植物橘Citrusreticulata Blanco及其栽培变种的干燥成熟果皮，性苦、辛，温，归脾、肺经，有理气健脾、燥湿化痰之功效。五味子为木兰科植物五味子Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.)Baill.或华中五味子Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et Wils.的干燥成熟果实，性酸、甘，温，归肺、心、肾经，具有收敛固涩、益气生津、补肾宁心之功效。侧柏叶为柏科植物侧柏Platycladusorientalis(L.)Franco的干燥枝梢及叶，性苦、涩，寒，归肺、肝、脾经，具有凉血止血、化痰止咳、生发乌发之功效。黄芩为唇形科植物黄芩Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi的干燥根，性苦，寒，归肺、胆、脾、大肠、小肠经，具有清热燥湿、泻火解毒、止血、安胎之功效。甘草为豆科植物甘草Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.、胀果甘草Glycyrrhiza inflate Bat.或光果甘草Glycyrrhiza glabra L.的干燥根和根茎，性甘，平，归心、肺、脾、胃经，具有补脾益气、清热解毒、祛痰止咳、缓急止痛、调和诸药之功效。
本发明方中重用当归为君药，养血补虚，能行血中之气，使血各归其经，扶正可防失血太过而耗气，祛邪可滋阴血以制火热之邪。
臣以甘草补脾益气，助当归补血生血，当归甘草合用则气血双补，使气血复其常度，则邪去而正乃不伤；热毒壅聚，上灼于肺，则见肺热咳喘，迫血妄行则见出血。黄芩、侧柏叶清热泻火，解毒止血，即可清肺热治其咳喘，凉血热止其出血，又可防诸辛温燥烈之品助其邪热，三者共为臣药。
陈皮理气健脾，止咳化痰，气行则营卫畅通，营卫畅通则邪无滞留，与甘草相伍补气健脾，醒脾和胃，助气血生化之源行其运化之能，除胀止呕，与黄芩侧柏叶相伍则能理气化痰，宽胸畅膈，助其止咳化痰之力，为佐药。
五味子酸收敛阴，既敛阴止汗，又能收敛耗散之肺气而止咳，并甘以益气，酸能生津，具有益气生津止渴之功，为使药。全方扶正与祛邪兼顾，补泄兼施，共奏补血益气，清热解毒之功。
辐射损伤的分型和初期表现参见下表：
本方主要对髓型和肠型辐射损伤有效。
本发明还涉及所述中药组合物的提取方法，所述方法包括：甘草、当归、陈皮、侧柏叶混合、粉碎，加入8～10倍量去离子水回流提取0.5～2h，取滤液浓缩得浸膏；当归、五味子、黄芩混合、粉碎，加入8～10倍量的70～80％乙醇回流提取2次，每次0.5～2h，合并两次滤液，浓缩得浸膏；合并两次浸膏，即得。
具体的，当归、五味子、黄芩混合、粉碎，加入75％乙醇120℃回流提取2次，1h/次，第一次加入10倍量75％乙醇，第二次加入8倍量75％乙醇，合并两次滤液，浓缩得浸膏。
本发明还涉及所述的中药组合物在制备抗辐射的药物或保健品中的应用。本发明中药组合物可加入常见药用辅料，制成下列之一的剂型：片剂、颗粒剂、汤剂、胶囊剂。
本发明还涉及所述的中药组合物在制备抗辐射的食品中的应用。本发明中药组合物可加入常见调味剂，制成各种形式的食品，包括固体食品或液体食品。
本发明还涉及所述的中药组合物在制备抗辐射的化妆品中的应用。本发明中药组合物也可以添加到化妆品中，制成具有抗辐射功能的化妆品。
本发明的有益效果主要体现在：本发明提供了一种抗辐射的中药组合物及其应用，具有补血益气、清热解毒之功效，能显著改善辐射所致火热邪毒证，具有较好应用前景。
(四)附图说明
图1为小鼠全身照射X射线6.5Gy下的存活率。
(五)具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行进一步描述，但本发明的保护范围并不仅限于此：
实施例1：
配方：当归24g，甘草10g，陈皮10g，黄芩10g，侧柏叶12g，五味子6g。
甘草、当归(12g)、陈皮、侧柏叶打碎为中药粗粉，加入8倍量去离子水120℃回流提取1h，取滤液浓缩得浸膏，当归(12g)、五味子、黄芩打碎为粗粉，加入75％乙醇120℃回流提取2次，1h/次，第一次加入10倍量75％乙醇，第二次加入8倍量75％乙醇，合并两次滤液，浓缩所得浸膏；合并两次浸膏，备用。
实施例2：
取实施例1制得浸膏，对小鼠灌胃给药，根据实施例1，每只小鼠给药剂量为9g/kg浸膏(剂量据《人和动物间按体表面积折算的等效剂量比值表》计算得出)，持续给药7天，每次给药间隔24小时，末次给药30分钟后进行全身照射X射线6.5Gy(此剂量为髓型辐射病、以及轻度肠型辐射病的辐照剂量)，以空白小鼠为对照，观察小鼠存活率。
结果参见图1，和未给药小鼠相比，小鼠存活率提高；半数生存时间(50％小鼠存活的天数)从9天延长到12天；小鼠最长生存时间(从照射到全部死亡的天数)从14天延长到22天。
Claims (4)
1.一种抗辐射的中药组合物，由质量配比如下的原料制成：当归24份，甘草10份，陈皮10份，黄芩10份，侧柏叶12份，五味子6份。
2.权利要求1所述中药组合物的提取方法，所述方法包括：甘草、当归、陈皮、侧柏叶混合、粉碎，加入8~10倍量去离子水回流提取0.5~2h，取滤液浓缩得浸膏；当归、五味子、黄芩混合、粉碎，加入8~10倍量的70~80％乙醇回流提取2次，每次0.5~2h，合并两次滤液，浓缩得浸膏；合并两次浸膏，即得；其中，水回流与乙醇回流的当归质量之比为1：1。
3.如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于当归、五味子、黄芩混合、粉碎，加入75％乙醇120℃回流提取2次，1h/次，第一次加入10倍量75%乙醇，第二次加入8倍量75%乙醇，合并两次滤液，浓缩得浸膏。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的中药组合物在制备抗辐射的药物中的应用。
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