CN116267594A - A device for promoting the formation of 2n gametes in rubber trees - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for promoting the formation of rubber tree 2n gametes, comprising a power distribution box, an air compressor, temperature control equipment and a foam box, the power distribution box is respectively connected with the air compressor and the temperature control equipment, The air compressor is connected to the temperature control equipment through an air pipe, and the temperature control equipment is connected to the foam box. The invention induces rubber tree flower buds to produce 2n gametes through high temperature, low temperature or high temperature and low temperature alternately, while ensuring normal growth and development of rubber trees, 2n gametes and normal n gametes produce rubber tree triploids (3n) after pollination. The invention has great significance for breeding new high-yield and cold-resistant varieties of triploid rubber trees.

Description

A device for promoting the formation of 2n gametes in rubber trees

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of rubber tree breeding, in particular to a device for promoting the formation of 2n gametes of rubber trees.

Background technique

Rubber tree is an important commercial crop in the tropics, and its secondary metabolite, natural rubber, is one of the four major industrial raw materials and the only renewable raw material among the four major industrial raw materials. However, the self-sufficiency rate of natural rubber in my country is only about 20%, and cultivating new varieties with high yield and cold resistance is the only feasible way to increase the supply rate of natural rubber in China. Compared with diploid plants, polyploid plants have larger cell volume, lower metabolic rate, higher output of secondary metabolites, faster early growth, taller individuals, wider leaves, fewer branches, fewer flowers and fruits, larger seeds, and stronger adaptability And other characteristics, it has many advantages in production and application.

There are many researches on the polyploid breeding of rubber trees at home and abroad. The research work on polyploid breeding started in foreign countries as early as the 1940s, and domestic research began in the 1970s. At present, polyploid plants of rubber tree have been obtained through different ways such as direct selection and isolation in nature, induction in vivo, induction of isolated tissue cells, hybridization between different ploidy and artificial 2n gamete hybridization. However, except for the natural triploid varieties Yunyan 77-2 and Yunyan 77-4, there have been no reports of artificial triploid varieties of rubber trees being used in production at home and abroad.

Adversity stress, such as extreme low temperature, tends to easily induce polyploidy. Polyploids tend to have higher survival competitiveness than diploids, and are more widely distributed and more numerous in extreme environments such as high latitudes and high altitudes, such as Yunyan 77-2 and Yunyan 77-2, which are cultivated in large areas in Yunnan and Guangdong Yunyan 77-4. Adversity stress is the driving force of plant polyploidy, which can increase the probability of polyploidy and promote the formation of polyploidy. The mutation rate of natural triploids of rubber trees is extremely low, only about 0.72%.

Aiming at the extremely low natural mutation rate of rubber tree 2n gametes, a device to promote the formation of rubber tree 2n gametes is specially designed, so that rubber tree flower buds are placed in an environment of artificial low temperature, high temperature, low temperature and high temperature during a certain period of formation and differentiation, so that The number of chromosomes in the megaspore mother cell of the embryo sac and the microspore mother cell of pollen mutated from normal n to 2n, and then a triploid (3n) was formed through pollination. In order to meet the country's increasing demand for natural rubber and avoid variety degradation caused by long-term planting, the invention has great significance for breeding new varieties of rubber tree triploid with high yield and cold resistance.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the above problems, the present invention provides a device for promoting the formation of 2n gametes in rubber trees, which is of great significance for breeding triploid, high-yielding, new cold-resistant varieties of rubber trees.

According to the purpose of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of device that promotes rubber tree 2n gametes to form, comprises distribution box, air compressor, temperature control equipment and foam box, and described distribution box is connected with described air compressor and described air compressor respectively. The temperature control equipment is connected, the air compressor is connected with the temperature control equipment through the air pipe, and the temperature control equipment is connected with the foam box.

Further, the foam box is provided with a cooling/heating device, a wireless hygrometer and a temperature sensor.

Further, the air compressor is connected to the electrical box through a power line.

Further, the outer diameter of the trachea is 8 mm, and the inner diameter of the trachea is 5 mm.

Further, the trachea adopts a transparent air guiding hose.

Further, the wireless temperature and humidity meter and the temperature sensor are connected to the temperature control device through a temperature control probe feedback line.

Further, the air compressor is connected with a programmable controller.

The present invention produces polyploid by low temperature, high temperature or high temperature and low temperature alternately. The present invention induces the production of 2n gametes in rubber trees in response to extreme temperature stress. While ensuring the normal growth and development of rubber trees, it is of great significance to explore the cold-resistant potential of rubber trees for breeding new high-yield and cold-resistant triploid varieties of rubber trees.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a temperature control device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a foam box according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1. Distribution box; 2. Air compressor; 3. Temperature control equipment; 4. Foam box; 5. Gas pipe; 6. Switching power supply; 7. Temperature controller; 8. Pneumatic solenoid valve; 9. Control switch; 10. Cooling/heating device; 11. Wireless temperature and humidity meter; 12. Temperature sensor; 13. Feedback line; 14. Power line.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, a device for promoting the formation of rubber tree 2n gametes includes a distribution box 1, an air compressor 2, a temperature control device 3 and a foam box 4, and the distribution box 1 is provided with a switch, a socket, and a time-controlled switch And AC contactor, distribution box 1 is connected with air compressor 2 and temperature control equipment 3 respectively, air compressor 2 can choose voltage 220V or 380V, power is above 3000W, air compressor 2 is connected with temperature control equipment 3 through air pipe 5 To connect, the trachea 5 adopts a transparent air guiding hose.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the temperature control device 3 includes a switching power supply 6 , a temperature controller 7 , a pneumatic solenoid valve 8 and a time control switch 9 . In this embodiment, the switching power supply 6 adopts Ningbo Meanwell NDR-240-24 rail-type switching power supply, the temperature controller 7 adopts Huikong multi-channel rail-type temperature controller DIN353 relay + RS485 communication, and the pneumatic solenoid valve 8 adopts Yade Capacity 2V025-08-A pneumatic normally closed solenoid valve.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the temperature control device 3 is connected to the foam box 4 , which is wrapped with rubber tree flower buds. The foam box 4 is provided with a cooling/heating device 10 , a wireless hygrometer 11 and a temperature sensor 12 . The wireless temperature and humidity meter 11 and the temperature sensor 12 in the foam box 4 are connected to the temperature control device 3 through the temperature control probe feedback line 13 . The refrigeration/heating device 10 adopts a refrigeration and heating device SDK08W low-temperature Maxwell vortex tube.

In this embodiment, the rubber tree flower buds are subjected to temperature treatment under the condition of convenient electricity use and base station signal. The air compressor 2 is connected to the distribution box 1 through the power line 14, and the wireless temperature and humidity meter 11 adopts the brand: Rongce GSM501 wireless temperature and humidity meter, which can remotely observe the temperature and humidity in real time. The outer diameter of the trachea 5 is 8mm and the inner diameter is 5mm.

In the present embodiment, the time control switch 9 sets the start and end time by the timer switch. One-time setting can realize single and multiple control (such as three different time periods in a day, fixed time periods in a week).

In this embodiment, a plurality of white foam boxes can be provided, and each white foam box is provided with a high-temperature-resistant waterproof probe/20-meter wire. In addition, there is a plug-in model/20m probe cable/double waterproof probe rod digital display thermometer as a comparison.

In this embodiment, temperature gradients and time gradients are set, and rubber tree flower buds are treated at different temperatures to induce the production of 2n gametes, which produce triploids after pollination.

Example 2

The structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, the difference is that this embodiment is applied to the situation where there is no base station signal for convenient power consumption. In this embodiment, the brand of air compressor 2 is Sijingda, model jsdkyj-01, 220V, 60L.

In this embodiment, temperature gradients and time gradients are set, and low-temperature treatment is performed on rubber tree flower buds to induce the production of 2n gametes, which produce triploids after pollination.

Example 3

The structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the above embodiment, the difference is that this embodiment uses a high-power air compressor, and this embodiment also includes a paperless recorder (brand: Huikong, model: THMA). In this embodiment, a low-temperature incubator is used in the foam box 4, and a temperature sensor 12 is arranged on the low-temperature incubator. The temperature sensor 12 adopts a Huikong PT100 high-precision temperature sensor.

This embodiment is applied in the case of convenient electricity use. In this embodiment, the temperature and time can be set through the above settings. When connected to a computer, real-time visualization of the temperature can be realized on the computer screen. Without connecting to a computer, the paperless recorder can also save temperature records for half a year. The device carries out temperature treatment on rubber tree flower buds, induces 2n gametes, and produces triploids after pollination.

Example 4

The structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of Embodiment 3. The difference is that this embodiment is used in the case of convenient electricity consumption. This embodiment is connected to a programmable controller and programmed through the RS485 protocol (controlling temperature and time). , 485 to USB interface (brand: Huikong, model: RS485), set the temperature and time through programming, conduct temperature treatment on rubber tree flower buds, induce 2n gametes, and produce triploids through pollination.

In the above example, multiple temperature modes can be set, such as: low temperature 8 degrees for 6 hours; high temperature 44 degrees for 9 hours; high temperature 47 degrees for 2 hours, low temperature 7 degrees for 4 hours; low temperature 6 degrees for 3 hours, high temperature 45 degrees 3 hours.

The present invention is carried out through high temperature, low temperature or high temperature and low temperature alternately, and these three methods create variation and produce polyploid. The present invention can also use computers and mobile phones to monitor remotely, see temperature and humidity data, and record temperature data for half a year.

The distribution box 1 of the present invention provides suitable power supplies to the air compressor 2 and the temperature control device 3 respectively, and controls the AC contactor to control the working hours of the air compressor 2 through the time control switch. When the air compressor 2 generates sufficient high-pressure airflow Finally, it is connected to the temperature control device 3 through the air pipe 5, and the temperature control device 3 controls the conduction and closure of the pneumatic solenoid valve through the set temperature range, thereby controlling the high-pressure air flow sent by the air compressor 2. The high-pressure airflow controlled by the temperature control device 3 is sent to the foam box 4 through the air pipe, and then connected to the cooling/heating device in the foam box 4. After the high-pressure airflow passes through the cooling/heating device, cold air will be generated. Or hot gas (convertible), thereby the air around the rubber tree flower bud wrapped in the foam box 4 is cooled or heated up. The temperature probe in the foam box 4 collects the temperature signal and then feeds it back to the temperature control equipment through the feedback line 13 to achieve precise temperature control. At the same time, the wireless temperature and humidity meter in the foam box can also send temperature data to the mobile phone or computer to realize remote observation and monitoring. control.

The present invention induces the production of 2n gametes in rubber trees in response to extreme temperature stress. While ensuring the normal growth and development of rubber trees, it is of great significance to explore the cold-resistant potential of rubber trees for breeding new high-yield and cold-resistant triploid varieties of rubber trees.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: It is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention. scope.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of device that promotes rubber tree 2n gamete to form is characterized in that, comprises distribution box, air compressor, temperature control equipment and foam box, and described distribution box is connected with described air compressor and described temperature control equipment respectively connected, the air compressor is connected to the temperature control equipment through the air pipe, and the temperature control equipment is connected to the foam box. 2. the device for promoting rubber tree 2n gametes according to claim 1, is characterized in that, refrigeration/heating device, wireless hygrometer and temperature sensor are provided in the foam box. 3. the device that promotes rubber tree 2n gamete formation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described air compressor is connected with electrical box by power line. 4. The device for promoting the formation of rubber tree 2n gametes according to claim 1, characterized in that, the outer diameter of the trachea is 8mm, and the inner diameter of the trachea is 5mm. 5. the device that promotes rubber tree 2n gamete formation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described trachea adopts transparent air conduction hose. 6. The device for promoting the formation of rubber tree 2n gametes according to claim 2, characterized in that, the wireless temperature-hygrometer and the temperature sensor are connected with the temperature control equipment through a temperature control probe feedback line. 7. the device that promotes rubber tree 2n gamete formation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described air compressor is connected with programmable controller.

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