CN116265425A - 使用铂和碘对烯烃进行加氢甲酰化的方法 - Google Patents

使用铂和碘对烯烃进行加氢甲酰化的方法 Download PDF

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CN116265425A
CN116265425A CN202211612421.0A CN202211612421A CN116265425A CN 116265425 A CN116265425 A CN 116265425A CN 202211612421 A CN202211612421 A CN 202211612421A CN 116265425 A CN116265425 A CN 116265425A
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C·施奈德
R·杰克斯特尔
M·贝勒
R·弗兰克
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Abstract

本发明涉及使用铂和碘对烯烃进行加氢甲酰化的方法。

Description

使用铂和碘对烯烃进行加氢甲酰化的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及使用铂和碘对烯烃进行加氢甲酰化的方法。
背景技术
C. Botteghi 等人,Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical 200,(2003), 147-156 描述了Pt(4,5-双(二苯基膦基)-9,9-二甲基氧杂蒽(Xantphos))Cl2 用于2-甲苯磺酰氧基苯乙烯的加氢甲酰化的用途。
发明内容
本发明要解决的问题是提供一种新的加氢甲酰化方法。与使用Pt(4,5-双(二苯基膦基)-9,9-二甲基氧杂蒽)Cl2的现有技术已知的方法相比,该方法在此应提供提高的产率。
该目的通过根据权利要求1所述的方法实现。
方法,包括以下步骤:
a) 预先加入烯烃;
b) 添加式(I)的化合物:
Figure 961823DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(I)
其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8选自:-H、-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C6-C20)-芳基;和,如果R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8是-(C6-C20)-芳基,那么芳环可以具有选自 -(C1-C12)-烷基、 -O-(C1-C12)-烷基的取代基;
c) 添加能够形成配合物的Pt化合物;
d) 添加碘化合物;
e) 引入CO和H2
f) 加热由步骤a)至e)获得的反应混合物,其中将烯烃转化为醛。
在此,方法步骤a)至e) 可以按任何所需顺序进行。然而,通常情况下,CO和H2在预先加入步骤a)至d)中的反应参与物之后加入。
本文可以通过添加 PtI2在一个步骤中实施方法步骤c)和d)。
在该方法的一个优选的变化中,通过添加PtI2在一个步骤中添加Pt化合物和碘化合物。
术语(C1-C12)-烷基包括具有1至12个碳原子的直链和支链烷基。这些优选是(C1-C8)-烷基,更优选(C1-C6)-烷基,最优选(C1-C4)-烷基。
合适的(C1-C12)-烷基特别是甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、2-戊基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、1,2-二甲基丙基、1,1-二甲基丙基、2,2-二甲基丙基、1-乙基丙基、正己基、2-己基、2-甲基戊基、3-甲基戊基、4-甲基戊基,1,1-二甲基丁基、1,2-二甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丁基、1,3-二甲基丁基,2,3-二甲基丁基、3,3-二甲基丁基、1,1,2-三甲基丙基、1,2,2-三甲基丙基、1-乙基丁基、1-乙基-2-甲基丙基,正庚基、2-庚基,3-庚基、2-乙基戊基、1-丙基丁基、正辛基、2-乙基己基、2-丙基庚基、壬基、癸基。
术语(C6-C20)-芳基包括具有6至20个碳原子的单环或多环芳族烃基。这些优选是(C6-C14)-芳基,更优选(C6-C10)-芳基。
合适的(C6-C20)-芳基特别是苯基、萘基、茚基、芴基、蒽基、菲基、并四苯基、䓛基、芘基、蒄基。优选的(C6-C20)-芳基是苯基、萘基和蒽基。
在该方法的一个变化中,R2、R3、R5、R6、R7、R8选自:-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C6-C20)-芳基。
在该方法的一个变化中,R5、R6、R7、R8是-(C6-C20)-芳基。
在该方法的一个变化中,R5、R6、R7、R8是-Ph。
在该方法的一个变化中,R2和R3是-(C1-C12)-烷基。
在该方法的一个变化中,R2和R3是-CH3
在该方法的一个变化中,R1和R4是-H。
在该方法的一个变化中,化合物(I)具有结构(1):
Figure 179178DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
(1)。
在该方法的一个变化中,Pt化合物选自:Pt(II)I2、Pt(IV)I4、二苯基(1,5-COD)Pt(II)、Pt(II)(acac)2、Pt(0)(PPh3)4、Pt(0)(DVTS)溶液(CAS: 68478-92-2)、Pt(0)(乙烯)(PPh3)2、三(亚苄基丙酮)Pt(0)、Pt(II)(OAC)2溶液、Pt(0)(t-Bu)2、Pt(II)(COD)Me2、Pt(II)(COD)I2、Pt(IV)IMe3、Pt(II)(六氟乙酰丙酮合物)2
在该方法的一个变化中,Pt化合物选自:Pt(II)I2、Pt(II)(acac)2
在该方法的一个变化中,碘化合物选自:碱金属卤化物、碱土金属卤化物、NH4X、烷基卤化铵、二烷基卤化物(Dialkylhalogenid)、三烷基卤化物(Trialkylhalogenid)、四烷基卤化物(Tetraalkylhalogenid)和环烷基卤化铵。
在该方法的一个变化中,碘化合物选自: Pt(II)I2、LiI。
在该方法的一个变化中,碘化合物的加入量为0.1至10,基于Pt以当量测得。
在该方法的一个变化中,该方法包括附加方法步骤e'):
e') 添加溶剂。
在该方法的一个变化中,溶剂选自:THF、DCM、ACN、庚烷、DMF、甲苯、Texanol、戊烷、己烷、辛烷、异辛烷、癸烷、十二烷、环己烷、苯、二甲苯、Marlotherm、碳酸亚丙酯、MTBE、二乙二醇二甲醚、三乙二醇二甲醚、乙醚、二噁烷、异丙醇、叔丁醇、异壬醇、异丁醇、异戊醇、乙酸乙酯。
在该方法的一个变化中,溶剂选自:THF、DCM、ACN、庚烷、DMF、甲苯、Texanol。
在该方法的一个变化中,CO和H2在1 MPa(10巴)至6 MPa(60巴)的压力下引入。
在该方法的一个变化中,CO 和 H2 在 2 MPa (20 巴)至5 MPa (50 巴)的压力下引入。
在该方法的一个变化中,加热至25℃至150℃的温度。
在该方法的一个变化中,加热至30℃至130℃的温度。
在该方法的一个变化中,烯烃选自:乙烯、丙烯、1-丁烯、顺式-和/或反式-2-丁烯、异丁烯、1,3-丁二烯、1-戊烯、顺式-和/或反式-2-戊烯、2-甲基-1-丁烯,3-甲基-1-丁烯,2-甲基-2-丁烯、己烯、四甲基乙烯、庚烯、1-辛烯、2-辛烯、二正丁烯或其混合物。
具体实施方式
本发明将在下文中通过工作实施例进行详细说明。
实验描述
向小瓶中装入PtX2(X=卤素)、配体和烘箱干燥的搅拌棒。然后用隔膜(PTFE涂覆的丁苯橡胶)和酚醛树脂盖密封小瓶。将小瓶抽真空并重新填充氩气三次。使用注射器将甲苯和烯烃添加到小瓶中。将小瓶置于合金板中,在氩气气氛下将其转移至ParrInstruments的4560系列高压釜中。用CO/H2吹扫高压釜三次后,在室温下将合成气压力增加至40巴。反应在120℃/80℃下进行20 h/18 h。反应结束后,将高压釜冷却至室温并小心减压。通过GC分析确定产率和选择性。
金属的变化
Figure 995955DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
反应条件:
20mmol的1-辛烯,0.1mol%的金属,2.2当量的4,5-双(二苯基膦基)-9,9-二甲基氧杂蒽(1),溶剂:甲苯,p(CO/H2):40巴,T:80℃,t:20h。
产率:
PtI2: 99%
PdI2:0%。
卤素的变化(2-辛烯)
Figure 578246DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
反应条件:
20mmol的2-辛烯,1.0mol% Pt,1.1当量的4,5-双(二苯基膦基)-9,9-二甲基氧杂蒽(1),溶剂:甲苯,p(CO/H2):40巴,T:120℃,t:20h。
产率:
PtI2: 99%
PtCl2: 16%。
卤素的变化(1-辛烯)
反应条件:
10.0mmol的1-辛烯,0.1mol% PtX2,2.2当量的配体,溶剂:甲苯,p(CO/H2):40巴,T:120℃,t:20h。
产率:
配体 卤素 产率 [%]
Figure 96952DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
(1)
I / Cl 99 / 5
烯烃的变化
反应条件:
1.0 mmol的烯烃,0.5 mol% PtI2,2.0 当量的4,5-双(二苯基膦基)-9,9-二甲基氧杂蒽(1),溶剂:二氯甲烷(DCM),p(CO/H2):40巴,T:80℃, t:18 h。
产率:
产率 [%]
Figure 586840DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
99
Figure 851599DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
99
Figure 401529DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
99
Figure 892684DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
99
粗体标记的C-C键表示之前的双键的位置,即烯烃中的双键。
配体的变化和卤素的变化
反应条件:
1.0mmol的1-辛烯,0.5mol% PtX2,2.0当量的配体,溶剂:甲苯,p(CO/H2):40巴,T:80℃,t:18h。
产率:
配体 卤素 产率 [%]
Figure 186262DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
(1)
I / Cl 99 / 0
Figure 571107DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
I / Cl 99 / 0
Figure 26359DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
I / Cl 99 / <1
Figure 254078DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
I / Cl 95 / 0
当量的变化和卤素的变化
反应条件:
1.0mmol的1-辛烯,1.0mol% Pt(acac)2,LiX(X=卤素),2.2当量的4,5-双(二苯基膦基)-9,9-二甲基氧杂蒽(1),溶剂:甲苯,p(CO/H2):40巴,T:120℃,t:20h。
LiX的当量 X 产率 [%]
0.5 I 99
1.0 I 99
2.0 I 99
4.0 I 99
4.0 Cl 0。
如实验结果所示,该问题通过根据本发明的方法得以解决。

Claims (15)

1.方法,包括以下步骤:
a) 预先加入烯烃;
b) 添加式(I)的化合物:
Figure 446508DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(I),
其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8选自:-H、-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C6-C20)-芳基;和,如果R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8是-(C6-C20)-芳基,那么芳环可以具有选自-(C1-C12)-烷基、-O-(C1-C12)-烷基的取代基;
c) 添加能够形成配合物的Pt化合物;
d) 添加碘化合物;
e) 引入CO和H2
f) 加热由步骤a)至e)获得的反应混合物,其中将烯烃转化为醛。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,
其中 R2、R3、R5、R6、R7、R8选自:-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C6-C20)-芳基。
3.根据权利要求1或2任一项所述的方法,
其中 R5、R6、R7、R8是-(C6-C20)-芳基。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法,
其中R2和R3是-(C1-C12)-烷基。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法,
其中R1和R4是-H。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法,
其中所述化合物(I)具有结构(1):
Figure 920346DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
(1)。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法,
其中所述Pt化合物选自:Pt(II)I2、Pt(IV)I4、二苯基(1,5-COD)Pt(II)、Pt(II)(acac)2、Pt(0)(PPh3)4、Pt(0)(DVTS)溶液(CAS: 68478-92-2)、Pt(0)(乙烯)(PPh3)2、三(亚苄基丙酮)Pt(0)、Pt(II)(OAC)2溶液、Pt(0)(t-Bu)2、Pt(II)(COD)Me2、Pt(II)(COD)I2、Pt(IV)IMe3、Pt(II)(六氟乙酰丙酮合物)2
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法,
其中所述Pt化合物选自:Pt(II)I2、Pt(II)(acac)2
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法,
其中所述碘化合物选自:Pt(II)I2、LiI。
10.根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法,
其中所述碘化合物的加入量为0.1至10,基于Pt以当量测定。
11.根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法,
其包括附加方法步骤e'):
e') 添加溶剂。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法,
其中所述溶剂选自:THF、DCM、ACN、庚烷、DMF、甲苯、Texanol、戊烷、己烷、辛烷、异辛烷、癸烷、十二烷、环己烷、苯、二甲苯、Marlotherm、碳酸亚丙酯、MTBE、二乙二醇二甲醚、三乙二醇二甲醚、乙醚、二噁烷、异丙醇、叔丁醇、异壬醇、异丁醇、异戊醇、乙酸乙酯。
13.根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的方法,
其中CO和H2在1 MPa(10巴)至6 MPa(60巴)的压力下引入。
14.根据权利要求1至13中任一项所述的方法,
其中加热至25℃至150℃的温度。
15.根据权利要求1至14中任一项所述的方法,
其中所述烯烃选自:乙烯、丙烯、1-丁烯、顺式-和/或反式-2-丁烯、异丁烯、1,3-丁二烯、1-戊烯、顺式-和/或反式-2-戊烯、2-甲基-1-丁烯,3-甲基-1-丁烯,2-甲基-2-丁烯、己烯、四甲基乙烯、庚烯、1-辛烯、2-辛烯、二正丁烯或其混合物。
CN202211612421.0A 2021-12-17 2022-12-15 使用铂和碘对烯烃进行加氢甲酰化的方法 Pending CN116265425A (zh)

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CN108070001A (zh) * 2016-11-08 2018-05-25 赢创德固赛有限公司 具有2,4-叔丁基苯基单元的双亚磷酸酯及其作为在加氢甲酰基化中的配体的用途
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US3956177A (en) * 1971-08-20 1976-05-11 Phillips Petroleum Company Rhodium hydroformylation catalyst
CA1191866A (en) * 1982-06-11 1985-08-13 Alan J. Dennis Hydroformylation process
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