CN116255426A - 用于调整车辆中的可移动的部分的双蜗轮蜗杆传动件和传动件驱动单元 - Google Patents
用于调整车辆中的可移动的部分的双蜗轮蜗杆传动件和传动件驱动单元 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种双蜗轮蜗杆传动件(10)以及一种传动件驱动单元(11),用于调整车辆中的可移动的部分(12)、特别是座椅组件或转向柱,具有第一传动级(21)和第二传动级(31),所述第一传动级由第一蜗杆和与所述第一蜗杆啮合的第一蜗轮组成,所述第二传动级由第二蜗杆和与所述第二蜗杆啮合的第二蜗轮组成,其中,所述第一蜗轮通过共同的旋转轴线抗扭地与所述第二蜗杆耦接,并且所述第二蜗轮与由塑料构成的轴承轴整体地制造,所述轴承轴支承在两个传动级的共同的传动件壳体中,并且所述轴承轴具有作为从动元件的空心轴型材,至少一个相应的异型轴形状配合地沿轴向方向可插入到所述空心轴型材中。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及根据独立权利要求类型的用于调整车辆中的可移动的部分的双蜗轮蜗杆传动件和传动件驱动单元。
背景技术
DE 2 240 640 A1描述了一种二级蜗轮蜗杆传动件,其中,分别单独制造的蜗杆和蜗轮布置在钢轴上。在该设计中,在第二蜗轮级之后,从动力矩通过另一个正齿轮级传递到从动轴,该从动轴与驱动的转子轴同轴地延伸。这种设计占用了相当大的安装空间,并且由于对从动轴的定位要求高而具有相当大的重量。这些缺点将通过根据本发明的解决方案来消除。
发明内容
相比之下,根据本发明的具有独立权利要求的特征的双蜗轮蜗杆传动件具有的优点是,通过第二蜗轮与其由塑料制成的轴承轴的一体式设计,既可以节省材料成本,又可以节省重量和生产步骤。通过将空心轴型材作为从动接口集成到轴承轴中,在制造与轴承轴一起构造的第二蜗轮时,不再需要制造和装配单独的从动元件。调整装置的传动机构包括两个依次布置的蜗轮蜗杆传动级,通过这些蜗轮蜗杆传动级将优选电的驱动马达的转速降低到待调整的部分上。第一传动级由第一蜗杆和与第一蜗杆啮合的第一蜗轮组成。第二传动级由第二蜗杆和与之啮合的第二蜗轮组成,其中,第二蜗轮通过异形轴驱动可移动的组件。在此两个传动级都支承在一个共同的传动件壳体中。在根据本发明的多级传动机构中,通过非常紧凑的构造方式,结合以可传递的相对高的转矩,产生了特别的优点。这使得能够使用小型的且更便宜的电的驱动马达。
通过在从属权利要求中列出的措施,产生了在从属权利要求中给出的特征的有利改进和改善。特别有利地,轴承轴可以由塑料制成,具有轴向完全连续的空心轴型材。由此进一步节省了材料和重量,其中同时在第二蜗轮的两侧提供了从动接口。因此也可以将连续的异型轴插入到轴承轴的空心轴型材中,该轴承轴可以同时在其两个自由端调整可移动的部分。替代地,根据安装空间而定,异型轴可以从其中一个轴向侧或另一轴向侧插入到第二蜗轮的轴承轴中。例如,连续的异型轴的自由端直接接合在座椅接头中的相应容纳部中,使得例如靠背可以相对于座椅面倾斜。
为了使得轴承轴与第二蜗轮整体地形成,在第二蜗轮的两侧形成有轴承支撑部,这些轴承支撑部相对于第二蜗轮的旋转轴线居中地延伸。轴承支撑部径向地支撑在传动件壳体的轴承容纳部中,其中,轴承支撑部优选被壳体盖的突伸部径向地压靠到传动件壳体的壳体外壳上。
为了优化第二蜗轮蜗杆传动件的啮合特性以及为了将轴承轴直接支承在塑料的传动件壳体中,带有轴承轴的蜗轮由POM制成,特别是由均聚的POM一体式注塑成型。由此防止干扰的噪音,并且摩擦区域的磨损是根据双蜗轮蜗杆传动件的使用寿命设计的。
空心轴型材可以在由塑料注塑成型的情况下,无需额外成本地构造为方形型材或六角型材或内梅花型材或内部多齿型材。因此,对于异型轴,在塑料构件中实现了足够好的形状配合,用于转矩传递。此外,由此在轴承轴的轴向外部不需要用于连接软轴的安装空间。
为了使得塑料制的轴承轴不会下垂,并且第二蜗杆齿部在整个使用寿命期间保持足够坚固,第二蜗杆有8到10个齿,这些齿与第二蜗轮的12到18个齿啮合。在此,第二蜗杆的齿部具有优选12至15mm的齿顶圆直径,并且第二蜗轮的齿部具有16至19mm的齿顶圆直径。
对于双蜗轮蜗杆传动件的紧凑的构造方式和足够的齿重叠来说,第二蜗杆的旋转轴线相距第二蜗轮的旋转轴线的距离为12至15mm已被证明是特别有益的。特别有利地,第二蜗杆和第二蜗轮的模数即直径节距为0.8至1.1mm。在此模数由齿轮的平均节圆直径/齿数确定。
为了实现尽可能紧凑的传动件驱动单元,第一蜗杆直接布置在电动机的一体式转子轴上。通过两个蜗轮蜗杆传动级,从动力矩以直角偏转大约两次,使得作为从动元件的轴承轴的旋转轴线大致平行于转子轴取向。
电动机通过马达壳体上的法兰直接连接在传动件壳体上,其中,连续的转子轴通过第一蜗杆伸入到传动件壳体中。转子轴在此支承在马达壳体的底部和法兰区域内的轴承端盖上,因此转子轴以自由端伸入到第一蜗轮蜗杆传动级中。
特别有利地,空心轴型材上的从动力矩可以通过软轴传递到待调整的部分上。在此从动力矩可以优选地驱动另一个主轴传动件,该另一个主轴传动件然后调整可移动的部分。因此,例如可以实现非常紧凑的并且轻便的以及耐用的转向柱或座椅调整装置。
附图说明
其他优点和有益的设计由其他权利要求、附图说明和附图可得到。
图1是根据本发明的传动件驱动单元的立体图;和
图2是根据本发明的双蜗轮蜗杆传动件的剖面图。
具体实施方式
图1中示出传动件驱动单元11,其用于调整车辆中的可移动的部分12,例如调整座椅组件或转向柱。传动件驱动单元(11)具有双蜗轮蜗杆传动件(10),该双蜗轮蜗杆传动件具有被构造为第一蜗轮蜗杆传动件的第一传动级21和被构造为第二蜗轮蜗杆传动件的第二传动级31。第一蜗轮蜗杆传动件21由抗扭地与电动机14的转子轴16连接的第一蜗杆20和啮合到第一蜗杆20中的第一蜗轮22组成。第一蜗轮(22)的旋转轴线33在此布置成大致垂直于第一蜗杆20,并且因此也大致垂直于转子轴16。第一蜗轮(22)与第二蜗杆30布置在共同的旋转轴线42上。在此第一蜗轮22和第二蜗杆30抗扭地固定在共同的轴44上,该轴可旋转地支承在传动件壳体18中。第二传动级31的第二蜗杆30与第二蜗轮32啮合,第二蜗轮的旋转轴线33布置成大致垂直于具有其旋转轴线42的第二蜗杆30。第二蜗轮32抗扭地布置在轴承轴34上,该轴承轴可旋转地支承在传动件壳体18的轴承容纳部38中。在此,第二蜗轮32与由塑料制成的轴承轴34一体式—即整体地—构造。作为塑料,优选使用POM—尤其是均聚的POM。作为轴承轴34,在第二蜗轮32的两侧形成有轴承支撑部36,这些轴承支撑部优选径向地直接贴靠在轴承容纳部38上。传动件壳体18也由塑料构成,其中,壳体外壳28用盖封闭,盖的装配方向横向于共同的旋转轴线42且横向于旋转轴线33延伸。轴承容纳部38在此构造在壳体外壳28中,其中,轴承支撑部36借助形成在盖19上的压紧件40相对于旋转轴线33径向地压靠到轴承容纳部38上。在轴向方向上,第二蜗轮沿旋转轴线33通过轴向止动件35分别支撑在传动件壳体18中的轴向止挡75上。可选地在此止挡环76可以轴向地在第二蜗轮32和传动件壳体18之间接合到轴承轴34上,轴承轴于是形成轴向止挡75。壳体外壳28及其盖19优选通过注塑制造,其中,采用制造技术在压紧件40的内部构造了相应的空腔41。在轴承轴34中,作为从动元件50构造有空心轴型材52,该空心轴型材在图1中例如形成为内部-四边件53。在此,空心轴型材52的纵向轴线与轴承轴34的旋转轴线33重合。优选地,空心轴型材52在轴承轴的整个长度上贯穿轴承轴34,使得无论两个轴承支撑部36还是第二蜗轮32都被空心轴型材52贯穿。因此,在第二蜗轮32的两个轴向侧上有从动接口可用。在图1中,双蜗轮蜗杆传动件10由电动机14驱动,电动机的定子壳体15通过形成在其上的法兰58与传动件壳体18连接。在电动机14的转子轴16上布置了转子体60,该转子体缠绕有电绕组62,该电绕组与布置在转子轴16上的换向器66连接。电绕组62与布置在定子壳体15中的永磁体相互作用。在此,转子轴16一方面利用极罐轴承57支承在定子壳体15中,并且在法兰58的区域中支承在球形帽轴承17中,该球形帽轴承例如布置在电刷支架构件上。转子轴16然后穿过球形帽轴承17伸入到传动件壳体18中。转子轴16在此优选一体式构造,其中,在其自由端处,在传动件壳体18中抗扭地布置了第一蜗杆20。
在图2中示出了根据图1的双蜗轮蜗杆传动件10的另一设计的截面。盖19使用压紧件40将轴承轴34压靠到壳体外壳28的轴承容纳部36上。第二蜗杆30在此例如具有八个蜗杆齿70,这对应于8圈的蜗杆30。替代地,也可以形成九个或十个蜗杆齿70。在此,蜗杆齿部70具有12至15mm的齿顶圆直径。第二蜗轮32例如具有齿顶圆直径为15至20mm的12至18个蜗轮齿72。第二蜗杆30的旋转轴线42布置成相距第二蜗轮32的旋转轴线33的距离为12至16mm。第二传动级31的齿部模数在此在0.8至1.1的范围内。
空心轴型材52在图2中例如构造为内六角件55,但替代地也可以构造为多齿内部型材47。在空心轴型材52中,这里在轴向侧,插入异型轴54,该异型轴轴向地从输出齿轮50的轴承支撑部36中伸出。在此,转矩通过异型轴54,经由传递单元13传递到待调整的部分12,该异型轴形状配合地与从动齿轮50连接。异型轴54例如可以构造为尤其与传递单元13接合的柔性轴,该传递单元作为另一传动件—优选作为主轴传动件—构造在待调整的部分12上。待调整的部分12在此例如构造为相对于车身调整的转向柱。
在座椅调整的一个未示出的实施例中,在两侧从轴承轴34伸出的异型轴54的两个自由端接合在座椅靠背配件的对应的轴容纳部中,这些轴容纳部在靠背和座椅面之间形成接头。这些轴容纳部优选在两侧布置在座椅靠背配件的相应的行星齿轮或偏心轮传动件13中,以便使靠背相对于座椅面旋转。带有传动件壳体18的驱动马达14优选地固定在靠背上,而异型轴54的轴容纳部固定在座椅面上。
应当注意,对于在附图和说明书中所示的实施例,各个特征的多种可能组合是可能的。在不背离本发明的构思的情况下,可以以多种方式改变或修改所描述的驱动单元11。因此,电动机14的设计以及到第一蜗杆20和从动接口50的力矩传递可以满足对部分12的调整运动和可用安装空间的要求。同样,第二蜗杆齿70和第二蜗轮齿72的数量可以在一定限度内相应地变化。根据本发明的双蜗轮蜗杆传动件10特别适用于调整机动车中的可移动的组件,特别是用于调整转向柱或座椅组件。
Claims (11)
1.一种双蜗轮蜗杆传动件(10),用于调整车辆中的可移动的部分(12)、特别是座椅组件或转向柱,具有第一传动级(21)和第二传动级(31),所述第一传动级由第一蜗杆(20)和与所述第一蜗杆(20)啮合的第一蜗轮(22)组成,所述第二传动级由第二蜗杆(30)和与所述第二蜗杆(30)啮合的第二蜗轮(32)组成,其中,所述第一蜗轮(22)通过共同的旋转轴线(42)抗扭地与所述第二蜗杆(30)耦接,并且所述第二蜗轮(32)与由塑料构成的轴承轴(34)整体地制造,所述轴承轴支承在两个传动级(21、31)的共同的传动件壳体(18)中,并且所述轴承轴(34)具有作为从动元件(50)的空心轴型材(52),至少一个相应的异型轴(54)形状配合地沿轴向方向(8)可插入到所述空心轴型材中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的双蜗轮蜗杆传动件(10),其特征在于,所述空心轴型材(52)沿轴承轴的旋转轴线(33)完全穿过所述轴承轴(34),并且至少一个异型轴(54)轴向地从两个相反的轴向方向(8)可插入到所述空心轴型材(52)中。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的双蜗轮蜗杆传动件(10),其特征在于,作为承载轴(34),在所述第二蜗轮(32)上形成有两个轴向相对的轴承支撑部(36),所述轴承支撑部接合到传动件壳体(18)内的对应的轴承容纳部(38)中,以便将所述第二蜗轮(32)可旋转地支承在所述旋转轴线(33)上,并且所述空心轴型材(52)相对于所述旋转轴线(33)居中地构造在所述轴承支撑部(36)中,特别是所述空心轴型材(52)在轴向方向(8)上完全贯穿所述轴承支撑部(36)。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的双蜗轮蜗杆传动件(10),其特征在于,具有所述轴承支撑部(36)的第二蜗轮(32)由POM制成,并且所述轴承支撑部(36)直接径向地贴靠在所述轴承容纳部(38)的塑料表面上。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的双蜗轮蜗杆传动件(10),其特征在于,所述空心轴型材(52)具有方形型材(53)或六角型材(55)或梅花型材或内部多齿型材。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的双蜗轮蜗杆传动件(10),其特征在于,所述第二蜗杆(30)构造有8到10个齿(70),并且所述第二蜗轮(32)具有12到18个齿(72)。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的双蜗轮蜗杆传动件(10),其特征在于,所述第二蜗杆(30)具有12至15mm的齿顶圆直径,并且所述第二蜗轮(32)具有16至19 mm的齿顶圆直径。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的双蜗轮蜗杆传动件(10),其特征在于,所述第二蜗杆(30)的共同的旋转轴线(42)相距所述第二蜗轮(32)的旋转轴线(33)的距离为12至15mm,并且特别地,所述第二传动级(31)的齿部模数在0.8至1.1mm的范围内。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的双蜗轮蜗杆传动件(10),其特征在于,所述第一蜗杆(20)布置在电动机(14)的转子轴(16)上,并且所述转子轴(16)近乎平行于所述第二蜗轮(32)的轴承轴(34)地伸展。
10.一种传动件驱动单元(11),具有根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的双蜗轮蜗杆传动件(10),其特征在于,电动机(14)的定子壳体(15)通过法兰(58)连接到传动件壳体(18)上,使得转子轴(16)从所述定子壳体(15)伸入到所述传动件壳体(18)中。
11.一种转向柱调整装置(11),具有根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的双蜗轮蜗杆传动件(10),其特征在于,至少一个异型轴(30)一方面与第二蜗轮(32)的轴承轴(34)连接,并且另一方面与主轴传动件(13)连接,借助于所述主轴传动件,机动车中的转向柱可机动地相对于车身调整。
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