CN116254145A - 一种高压压铸用水性冲头润滑剂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种高压压铸用水性冲头润滑剂及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种高压压铸用水性冲头润滑剂及其制备方法和应用,该润滑剂包括以下质量百分比组分:基础油25‑50%、增稠剂2‑8%和添加剂0.2‑5%,余量为水。制备方法包括以下步骤:采用相变乳化方式,将基础油、水和乳化剂,通过相转变乳化,形成纳米颗粒的微乳液;在微乳液中加入增稠剂,搅拌至混合均匀;再加入添加剂,继续搅拌,直至产品变成均一的体系,即高压压铸用水性冲头润滑剂。该润滑剂应用于高压压铸行业的冲头润滑。与现有技术相比,本发明中的水基冲头油具备和油性产品类似的润滑性能和摩擦数据,同时因为其环保无烟无明火的特质,可以改善现场使用环境,以及操作人员健康,同时提高现场安全性管理。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及润滑剂技术领域,具体涉及一种高压压铸用水性冲头润滑剂及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
压力铸造是一种将液态或半固态金属或合金,或含有增强物相的液态金属或合金,在高压下以较高的速度填充入压铸型的型腔内,并使金属或合金在压力下凝固形成铸件的铸造方法。压铸时常用的压力为4-500MPa,金属充填速度为0.5-120m/s。因此,高压、高速是压铸法与其他铸造方法的根本区别,也是重要特点。1838年美国人首次用压力铸造法生产印报的铅字,次年出现压力铸造专利。19世纪60年代以后,压力铸造法得到很大的发展,不仅能生产锡铅合金压铸件、锌合金压铸件,也能生产铝合金、铜合金和镁合金压铸件。20世纪30年代后又进行了钢铁压力铸造法的试验。
目前,铝镁合金高压压铸厂商大量使用油基材料作为冲头润滑材质,油性冲头油的优势是其具有高的润滑性和脱模性,可以为冲头和料筒提供高效的保护,防止熔融金属粘接。
但是油基产品在现场和熔融合金接触容易起火,操作非常危险,而且油基产品在现场使用时有大量的油烟挥发,影响现场人员的健康,并且污染现场空气。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷的至少一个而提供一种具备和油性产品类似的润滑性能、耐磨性好的高压压铸用水性冲头润滑剂及其制备方法和应用。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现:
本发明中的水基冲头油具备和油性产品类似的润滑性能和摩擦数据,同时因为其环保无烟无明火的特质,可以改善现场使用环境,以及操作人员健康,同时提高现场安全性管理,具体方案如下:
一种高压压铸用水性冲头润滑剂,该润滑剂包括以下质量百分比组分:基础油25-50%、增稠剂2-8%和添加剂0.2-5%,余量为水。
进一步地,该润滑剂包括以下质量百分比组分:基础油30-40%、增稠剂2-5%和添加剂0.8-1.5%。
进一步地,所述的基础油为液体橡胶,包括聚氨酯类液体橡胶,液体硅橡胶,二烯类液体橡胶,液体聚硫橡胶,液体聚氟橡胶或链烯烃类液体橡胶中的一种或多种。
进一步地,所述的增稠剂包括聚丙烯酸钠,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,聚氧乙烯,甲基纤维素,羟甲基纤维素,黄原胶或阿拉伯胶中的一种或多种。
进一步地,所述的添加剂为极压润滑添加剂,包括抗磨剂,抗氧化剂,分散剂,防锈剂,或杀菌剂中的一种或多种。
进一步地,所述的杀菌剂为异噻唑啉酮类杀菌剂,所述的防锈剂为多元羧酸-乙醇胺类防锈剂。
一种如上所述高压压铸用水性冲头润滑剂的制备方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
采用相变乳化方式,将基础油、水和乳化剂,通过相转变乳化,形成纳米颗粒的微乳液;
在微乳液中加入增稠剂,搅拌至混合均匀;
再加入添加剂,继续搅拌,直至产品变成均一的体系,即高压压铸用水性冲头润滑剂。
进一步地,所述乳化剂的质量为微乳液的2-5%,所述搅拌的转速为300-2000rpm。
进一步地,所述的乳化剂为阳离子表面活性剂,如季铵盐类,阴离子表面活性剂,如磺酸钠类,或非离子表面活性剂,如脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或几种。
一种如上所述高压压铸用水性冲头润滑剂的应用,该润滑剂应用于高压压铸行业的冲头润滑。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:
(1)本发明的润滑剂耐磨性好,有效的保护冲头和料筒;
(2)本发明的润滑剂高温下可以在冲头表面形成比较牢固的保护膜,对抗金属冲刷,有效的保护料筒和冲头;
(3)本发明中,保护膜即产品在高温下的有效润湿性;熔融金属液在快速流入料筒中时,需要有一些耐高温的物质起到隔绝金属液和料筒/冲头的作用,该产品耐高温性极佳,所以不会快速被燃烧掉,可以更持久的为料筒/冲头提供隔绝和保护。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的实施例作详细说明,本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施,给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。本文中未加特殊说明,%均为质量%。
一种高压压铸用水性冲头润滑剂及其制备方法和应用,选用液体橡胶作为基础油进行乳化,其有效成分为25-50%,配合2-8%的增稠剂,同时配合2-5%左右的微量添加剂。该产品应用于高压压铸行业的冲头润滑。液体橡胶为,聚氨酯类液体橡胶,液体硅橡胶,二烯类液体橡胶,液体聚硫橡胶,液体聚氟橡胶,链烯烃类液体橡胶中的一种或多种。增稠剂为聚丙烯酸钠,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,聚氧乙烯,甲基纤维素,羟甲基纤维素,黄原胶,阿拉伯胶中的一种或多种。微量添加剂为极压润滑添加剂,抗磨剂,抗氧化剂,分散剂,防锈剂,以及杀菌剂中的一种或多种,制备方法为:
采用相变乳化方式,将液体橡胶和乳化剂一起,通过相转变乳化,从而形成纳米颗粒的微乳液。做好乳液之后,加入增稠剂,不断地进行搅拌,直至增稠剂和微乳液完全混合均匀,同时加入微量添加剂,继续搅拌,直至产品变成均一的体系。
其中,相变乳化法中,混合好之后,依次调节搅拌桨的速率,范围为300-2000rpm,最初加乳化剂和油为300-500rpm之间,加水之后增加搅拌为800-2000rpm,来获得颗粒为纳米级别的微乳液。所述乳化剂为阳离子表面活性剂,如季铵盐类,阴离子表面活性剂,如磺酸钠类,以及非离子表面活性剂,如脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或几种。
实施例1
一种高压压铸用水性冲头润滑剂及其制备方法和应用,具体如下:
使用二烯类液体橡胶制作30-40%浓度的微乳液,添加2-5%的聚氧化乙烯,以及0.3-0.5%浓度的异噻唑啉酮类杀菌剂,0.5-1%的多元羧酸-乙醇胺类防锈剂。将上述材料放入搅拌釜中,用300-500rpm的转速进行搅拌5-10分钟,得到高压压铸用水性冲头润滑剂。
1、对实施例1和纯油剂的冲头油66A做润滑对比。
使用测试四球机测试磨斑的方法来验证,测试温度为90℃,摩擦时长为1小时,测试压力为40kg,测试结果为磨斑直径大小,单位为cm,测试结果如下:
磨斑1 | 磨斑2 | 磨斑3 | 平均磨斑 | |
冲头油66A | 0.774 | 0.768 | 0.772 | 0.771 |
配方1 | 0.780 | 0.776 | 0.783 | 0.779 |
从磨斑结果可以看出,水性产品和油性产品的润滑性非常接近。
2、产品耐高温性。
350℃下的高温润湿性,2mg的66A,以及除去水分之后同样2mg的配方1,分别在350℃下还剩余多少有效物质,测试结果如下:
冲头油66A:11.12%
实施例1:13.67%
说明耐高温性极佳,所以不会快速被燃烧掉,可以更持久的为料筒/冲头提供隔绝和保护。
实施例2
一种高压压铸用水性冲头润滑剂及其制备方法和应用,具体如下:
使用二烯类液体橡胶制作30-40%浓度的微乳液,添加2-5%的聚丙烯酸钠,以及0.3-0.5%浓度的异噻唑啉酮类杀菌剂,0.5-1%的多元羧酸-乙醇胺类防锈剂。
1、对实施例2和纯油剂的冲头油66A做润滑对比。
使用测试四球机测试磨斑的方法来验证,测试温度为90℃,摩擦时长为1小时,测试压力为40kg,测试结果为磨斑直径大小,单位为cm,测试结果如下:
磨斑1 | 磨斑2 | 磨斑3 | 平均磨斑 | |
冲头油66A | 0.774 | 0.778 | 0.772 | 0.771 |
实施例2 | 0.801 | 0.822 | 0.809 | 0.811 |
产品的润滑性相对实施例1而言较差。
2、产品耐高温性。
350℃下的高温润湿性,2mg的66A,以及除去水分之后同样2mg的实施例2分别在350℃下还剩余多少有效物质,测试结果如下:
冲头油66A:11.12%
实施例2:12.30%。
实施例3
一种高压压铸用水性冲头润滑剂及其制备方法和应用,具体如下:
使用液体硅橡胶制作30-40%浓度的微乳液,添加2-5%的聚丙烯酸钠,以及0.3-0.5%浓度的异噻唑啉酮类杀菌剂,0.5-1%的多元羧酸-乙醇胺类防锈剂。
1、对实施例3和纯油剂的冲头油66A做润滑对比。
使用测试四球机测试磨斑的方法来验证,测试温度为90℃,摩擦时长为1小时,测试压力为40kg,测试结果为磨斑直径大小,单位为cm,测试结果如下:
磨斑1 | 磨斑2 | 磨斑3 | 平均磨斑 | |
冲头油66A | 0.774 | 0.778 | 0.772 | 0.771 |
实施例3 | 0.772 | 0.780 | 0.769 | 0.774 |
2、产品耐高温性。
350℃下的高温润湿性,2mg的66A,以及除去水分之后同样2mg的实施例3分别在350℃下还剩余多少有效物质,测试结果如下:
冲头油66A:11.12%
实施例3:13.2%。
综上可知,实施例1和实施例3的产品从性能而言,都非常接近油性产品,在实际应用过程中,可以替代使用。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非是对本发明作其它形式的限制,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容加以变更或改型为等同变化的等效实施例。但是凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与改型,仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种高压压铸用水性冲头润滑剂,其特征在于,该润滑剂包括以下质量百分比组分:基础油25-50%、增稠剂2-8%和添加剂0.2-5%,余量为水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高压压铸用水性冲头润滑剂,其特征在于,该润滑剂包括以下质量百分比组分:基础油30-40%、增稠剂2-5%和添加剂0.8-1.5%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高压压铸用水性冲头润滑剂,其特征在于,所述的基础油为液体橡胶,包括聚氨酯类液体橡胶,液体硅橡胶,二烯类液体橡胶,液体聚硫橡胶,液体聚氟橡胶或链烯烃类液体橡胶中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高压压铸用水性冲头润滑剂,其特征在于,所述的增稠剂包括聚丙烯酸钠,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,聚氧乙烯,甲基纤维素,羟甲基纤维素,黄原胶或阿拉伯胶中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种高压压铸用水性冲头润滑剂,其特征在于,所述的添加剂为极压润滑添加剂,包括抗磨剂,抗氧化剂,分散剂,防锈剂,或杀菌剂中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种高压压铸用水性冲头润滑剂,其特征在于,所述的杀菌剂为异噻唑啉酮类杀菌剂,所述的防锈剂为多元羧酸-乙醇胺类防锈剂。
7.一种如权利要求1-6任一项所述高压压铸用水性冲头润滑剂的制备方法,其特征在于,该方法包括以下步骤:
采用相变乳化方式,将基础油、水和乳化剂,通过相转变乳化,形成纳米颗粒的微乳液;
在微乳液中加入增稠剂,搅拌至混合均匀;
再加入添加剂,继续搅拌,直至产品变成均一的体系,即高压压铸用水性冲头润滑剂。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种高压压铸用水性冲头润滑剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述乳化剂的质量为微乳液的2-5%,所述搅拌的转速为300-2000rpm。
9.根据权利要求7所述的一种高压压铸用水性冲头润滑剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的乳化剂为阳离子表面活性剂,如季铵盐类,阴离子表面活性剂,如磺酸钠类,或非离子表面活性剂,如脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或几种。
10.一种如权利要求1-6任一项所述高压压铸用水性冲头润滑剂的应用,其特征在于,该润滑剂应用于高压压铸行业的冲头润滑。
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