CN116253436A - Movable ecological floating island and reservoir suitable for initial rainwater purification - Google Patents

Movable ecological floating island and reservoir suitable for initial rainwater purification Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116253436A
CN116253436A CN202310393799.4A CN202310393799A CN116253436A CN 116253436 A CN116253436 A CN 116253436A CN 202310393799 A CN202310393799 A CN 202310393799A CN 116253436 A CN116253436 A CN 116253436A
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China
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reservoir
water
area
filler
initial rainwater
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CN202310393799.4A
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Inventor
陈亚松
李轶
张文龙
赵云鹏
柳蒙蒙
朱雅洁
马梦瑶
童家歆
王殿常
陈磊
李翀
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Hohai University HHU
China Three Gorges Corp
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Hohai University HHU
China Three Gorges Corp
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Priority to CN202310393799.4A priority Critical patent/CN116253436A/en
Publication of CN116253436A publication Critical patent/CN116253436A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C02F3/301—Aerobic and anaerobic treatment in the same reactor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • A01G24/13—Zeolites
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
    • C02F3/325—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae as symbiotic combination of algae and bacteria
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B11/00—Arrangements or adaptations of tanks for water supply
    • E03B11/10—Arrangements or adaptations of tanks for water supply for public or like main water supply
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
    • E03B3/02—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from rain-water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B7/00—Water main or service pipe systems
    • E03B7/07—Arrangement of devices, e.g. filters, flow controls, measuring devices, siphons, valves, in the pipe systems
    • E03B7/074—Arrangement of water treatment devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B7/00—Water main or service pipe systems
    • E03B7/07—Arrangement of devices, e.g. filters, flow controls, measuring devices, siphons, valves, in the pipe systems
    • E03B7/078—Combined units with different devices; Arrangement of different devices with respect to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4493—Floating structures supporting vegetation, such as trees, reeds, crops, plants, or the like, e.g. flexible structures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/001—Runoff or storm water

Abstract

The utility model relates to a movable ecological floating island and a reservoir suitable for primary rainwater purification, wherein the ecological floating island comprises a floating frame floating on the primary rainwater reservoir, light fillers are filled in the floating frame, aquatic plants are planted in the light fillers, and the upper parts of the aquatic plants are exposed out of the water surface; the below of floating the frame is provided with a plurality of flexible ropes, and the length of flexible rope is greater than the distance that floats the frame to initial rainwater cistern bottom, and flexible rope surface sets up many light fibers, and the bottom of flexible rope is fixed in initial rainwater cistern bottom. Be provided with a plurality of ecological chinampa in the cistern, initial stage rainwater purifies cistern still includes: aerobic zone and anaerobic zone construction, microorganism culture, food chain construction and microorganism food ring construction. The utility model builds a complete ecological system in the reservoir, and improves the biodegradation and removal efficiency of the water pollutants through the combined action of plants, animals and microorganisms in the system.

Description

Movable ecological floating island and reservoir suitable for initial rainwater purification
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a movable ecological floating island and a reservoir suitable for initial rainwater purification, and belongs to the technical field of sewage ecological purification.
Background
Urban source pollution caused by initial rainwater and combined overflow pollution becomes a main factor for restricting the improvement of urban water environment quality. At present, most urban water environments eliminate black and odorous substances when the urban water environments are not rainy, or even reach the ' water, clear shore, green, and fish fly shallow, however, the ' black and odorous substances ' occur once the urban river is rainy. Therefore, urban non-point source pollution control caused by initial rainwater and combined overflow pollution is an engineering technical problem which needs to be solved in the current and future for a long time.
The regulation and storage tank is a current common combined overflow pollution regulation and storage facility, most of domestic initial rainwater and overflow pollution regulation and storage tanks only pay attention to control water quantity, and most of the regulation and storage tanks adopt gray facilities and cannot be combined with pollutant removal and ecological landscape construction, so that the regulation and storage functions are single. The ecological floating island technology directly utilizes the water surface area, occupies small space, has the functions of purifying water quality, beautifying water surface landscape, providing aquatic organism perching space and the like, is convenient to manage and maintain, has low running cost and the like, and has important significance in the process of building green.
Aiming at the uncertainty of the water quality and the quantity of the initial rainwater and the fluctuation and the change of the water quality of the water reservoir, the ecological floating island has smaller single body area, adopts large-sized aquatic plants and aquatic vegetables mostly, only depends on the biological films of the plants and root systems to degrade pollutants in the water, has low purifying capacity and has poor capability in resisting the interference of the fluctuation of the water level and the like. For example, patent number CN202010239051.5, an utility model patent of China water conservancy and hydropower science institute, an ecological bed for repairing slow-flow rivers, patent number CN202022342436.2, an utility model patent of Shanghai river cudrania environmental engineering technology Co., ltd, an ecological floating island for river water pollution control, can not really solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the traditional ecological floating island is technically improved, and the internal structure of the ecological floating island is enhanced to enhance the water quality purifying effect on the basis of meeting the water level fluctuation of the ecological regulation and storage tank. The utility model provides a movable ecological floating island suitable for primary rainwater purification, which has the following specific technical scheme:
an ecological floating island suitable for primary rainwater purification and movable comprises a floating frame floating on a primary rainwater reservoir, wherein light fillers are filled in the floating frame, aquatic plants are planted in the light fillers, and the upper parts of the aquatic plants are exposed out of the water surface;
the flexible rope is characterized in that a plurality of flexible ropes are arranged below the floating frame, the length of each flexible rope is larger than the distance from the floating frame to the bottom of the initial rainwater reservoir, a plurality of light fibers are arranged on the surface of each flexible rope, and the bottom of each flexible rope is fixed at the bottom of the initial rainwater reservoir.
Further, the aquatic plant is a wetland plant, and canna, iris, calamus, typha, reed, arundo donax and/or water lily are selected;
the near shore area, the river center and the pipeline drainage area are sequentially selected from aquatic plants, biogas plants and aquatic halophytes, and are used for treating different water bodies.
Further, the light filler is one or more of active carbon, biological ceramsite, zeolite and anthracite, and is added with a slow-release carbon source or one or more of sulfur and pyrite for mixing.
Further, the main board of the floating frame is a polyethylene foam board.
Further, the bottom of the flexible rope is fixed at the bottom of the pool through an anchor, the anchor comprises a pointed threaded rod and an anchor top cap at the top of the pointed threaded rod, the top of the anchor top cap is provided with an upward arched tying hole, and the flexible rope penetrates through the tying hole and is tied down on the tying hole.
The initial rainwater purification impounding reservoir, be provided with a plurality of foretell ecological chinampa in the initial rainwater purification impounding reservoir, initial rainwater purification impounding reservoir construction process is:
building an aerobic area and an anaerobic area: in order to improve the denitrification and dephosphorization efficiency of the floating island, an aerobic area and an anaerobic area are required to be constructed in the system, and as the particle filler has a strong blocking effect on water flow, the area has long hydraulic retention time, so that the consumption of dissolved oxygen is high, and an anaerobic area is formed; the suspension filler has weak blocking effect on water flow, the hydraulic retention time of the area is short, in order to ensure that the area and the particle filler area form larger difference of dissolved oxygen concentration, aeration is carried out in the area, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the suspension filler area is improved, and the water flow exchange of the two areas is promoted, so that the water purifying effect of the ecological floating island is improved;
culturing microorganisms: because the granular filler and the suspended filler region respectively perform denitrification and nitrification, sludge in the anaerobic tank and aerobic tank regions of the sewage plant is used for coating the filler in the coating stage, so that denitrifying bacteria are attached to the granular filler, and nitrifying bacteria are attached to the suspended filler;
food chain construction: according to the food chain principle, a symbiotic relation among wetland species is applied to construct a producer-consumer-decomposer system so as to realize a stable and efficient pollutant purifying effect; planting submerged plants such as herba Sonchi Oleracei and Goldfish algae in a reservoir as producers, putting filter feeding fishes and shellfish such as silver carp, aristichthys nobilis, and hyriopsis cumingii as consumers, putting snails and shrimp apple snails, river snails and black shell shrimp as decomposers, and constructing a complete food chain in the reservoir; submerged plants such as kucao, goldfish algae and the like and emergent aquatic plants planted on the floating island have good water quality purifying capability, and can perform photosynthesis to provide energy for the system; the filter-feeding fishes and shellfishes can filter zooplankton and phytoplankton, have a certain eutrophication control effect, and can also enhance the water exchange effect; consumers such as apple snails, river snails, black shell shrimps and the like can decompose animal and plant residues and fish excreta in the water body, and control the turbidity of the water body and the concentration of organic matters;
micro-organism food ring construction: the heterotrophic plankton is not only a decomposer of organic matters in the water body, but also an important producer of organic particles, based on the decomposition, a micro-organism food ring is constructed in a water reservoir to form a feeding relationship of dissolved organic matters, the heterotrophic plankton, micro-heterotrophic plankton (mainly including heterotrophic flagella), individual large protozoa (mainly including ciliates), medium-sized plankton (mainly including copepods), and soluble organic matters generated by animal and plant debris decomposition, animal secretion and the like in the water body are taken up by the heterotrophic plankton to prevent the water body from being polluted, the heterotrophic plankton is the food of the micro-heterotrophic plankton mainly including the heterotrophic flagella, and the micro-heterotrophic plankton can be fed by the individual large protozoa such as the ciliate and then be utilized by the medium-sized plankton such as the copepods.
Further, a geotechnical impermeable film is paved at the bottom of the reservoir to prevent the groundwater from being polluted by the infiltration of the initial rain water; a mud pipe is arranged in the reservoir, the initial rainwater is wrapped with inorganic solid particles and enters the reservoir, sedimentation occurs in the reservoir, and a mud pump is arranged outside the reservoir and connected with the mud pipe, so that sedimentation caused by the particles is reduced; because the initial rainwater COD is higher, contains more toxic and harmful substances, has lower DO concentration and produces toxic action on attached microorganisms, an aeration pipe is arranged at the bottom, the aeration pipe is started when the initial rainwater concentration is higher, the dissolved oxygen content in water is increased, the activity of aerobic microorganisms is enhanced, the water treatment effect is enhanced, a water level gauge is arranged in a reservoir, and when the water level exceeds a maximum water level line, redundant rainwater is discharged into natural water body through an overrun pipe.
Further, the submerged plant is selected from the group consisting of Kyowa, goldfish, filter-feeding fish and shellfish is selected from the group consisting of silver carp, bighead carp and hyriopsis cumingii, the decomposer is selected from the group consisting of apple snail, river snail and black shrimp, the micro heterotrophic zooplankton is selected from the group consisting of heterotrophic flagellate and protozoa is selected from the group consisting of ciliates, and the medium-sized zooplankton is selected from the group consisting of copepods.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
in order to overcome the defect of the ecological floating island in the application of the regulating reservoir, the utility model improves the ecological floating island body: i-steel and the like are adopted to be connected with the ecological floating bed frame part through a rope body, and the length of the rope body is leveled with the predicted highest water surface; the floating body is internally filled with light filler, so that the buoyancy of the ecological floating island is increased while the adsorption effect on pollutants is enhanced; the light floating body materials such as ecological fibers, ecological aquatic weeds and the like are fixed at the bottom of the floating body, so that the biological film can be formed by long-term operation while the pollutant adsorption is realized, and the biodegradation and removal of the pollutant are further accelerated.
The traditional ecological floating island only uses the root systems of aquatic plants and the biological films on the surfaces to carry out ecological treatment on sewage, and has poor impact resistance to wind wave disturbance, water level fluctuation and the like; according to the utility model, the light floating body materials such as shale are filled in the floating body, and the flexible, light and large specific surface area materials such as ecological water plants, ecological fibers and the like are fixed on the flexible rope body below, so that the long-term operation of adsorbing pollutants is realized, the formation of a biological film is realized, and the ecological treatment of the pollutants is completed; the way that the traditional ecological floating island adsorbs and degrades pollutants by means of plant root systems is expanded, and the purification performance of the ecological floating island is improved.
The traditional ecological floating island mainly removes pollutants through the absorption and decomposition actions of emergent aquatic plants and rhizosphere microorganisms, and has general purification efficiency; the utility model constructs an aerobic area and an anaerobic area in the floating island, and the definite concentration difference of dissolved oxygen and the existence of microorganisms in the areas can promote nitrification and denitrification, thereby improving denitrification efficiency and dephosphorization effect; the complete food chain and the microbial food ring are constructed in the reservoir, and all links of organisms cooperate with each other to act together, so that the water exchange can be promoted, and the pollutant purification efficiency can be improved.
Drawings
Figure 1 is an overall schematic diagram of an ecological floating island of the present utility model,
figure 2 is a schematic view of a securing member of the present utility model,
figure 3 is a bio-food chain in a conditioning tank according to the utility model,
in the figure: 1-a reservoir; 2-impermeable geomembranes; 3-a mud discharging pipe; 4, an aeration pipe; 5-an aeration port; 6, a mud pump; 7-a sludge storage tank; 8-an air compression pump; 9-a fixing member; 10-a flexible rope; 11-light fiber; 12, floating frame; 13-light filler; 14-aquatic plants; 15-screw ring threads; 16-an anchor top cap; 17-fastening hole.
Description of the embodiments
The utility model will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are simplified schematic representations which merely illustrate the basic structure of the utility model and therefore show only the structures which are relevant to the utility model.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the main structural components to which the present utility model relates include: a reservoir 1; an impermeable geomembrane 2; a mud pipe 3; an aeration pipe 4; an aeration port 5; a sludge pump 6; a sludge storage tank 7; an air compression pump 8; a fixing member 9; a flexible rope 10; light fiber 11; an ecological floating island floating frame 12; a light filler 13; an aquatic plant 14; screw turns 15; an anchor top cap 16; a tether hole 17.
The reservoir 1 is used for storing initial rainwater. The fixing member 9 is used for fixing the ecological floating island, and an anchor is usually selected. The flexible rope 10 is used for connecting ecological floating islands.
The sludge discharge pipe 3 is used for treating sedimentation of corresponding inorganic particles and biological residues. The aerator pipe 4 has the functions of: the nutrient level organisms in the food net are reinforced, the whole food net is reinforced, and the degradation of pollutants by the device is reinforced.
The reservoir 1 is a hydraulic structure and stores initial rainwater input by runoff or pipelines; the impermeable geomembrane 2 is used for preventing the infiltration of the initial rain water to pollute the underground water source; the mud discharging pipe 3 is used for collecting and transporting sedimentation particles; the aerator pipe 4 is used for conveying compressed air; the aeration port 5 is used for conveying compressed air to the reservoir; the mud pump 6 is used for pumping deposited particles at the bottom of the reservoir; the sludge storage tank 7 is used for storing the sludge extracted from the bottom and is used for further treatment; an air compression pump 8 for pumping air into the aeration tube 4; the lower part of the fixing member 9 is fixed at the bottom and the upper part of the reservoir 1 and is connected with the flexible rope 10, so that the stability of the ecological floating island under the disturbance of stormy waves, water level and the like is ensured; the flexible rope 10 fluctuates simultaneously with the water level fluctuation to adapt to the water level fluctuation; the flexible rope 10 is fixed on the ecological floating island floating frame 12; the light fiber 11 has a certain specific surface area and is fixed on the flexible rope 10 at intervals of 1 mm; the light filler 13 has the function of a light filter material, and is selected from activated carbon, anthracite and the like, and floats on the surface of the water body through corresponding weights; the main board of the ecological floating island floating frame 12 is a polyethylene foam board. The aquatic plants 14 utilize the plants to further decontaminate the contaminants; the screw thread 15 is the screw thread of the anchor, so that the stable fixing performance of the anchor is further enhanced; the anchor top cap 16 is a screw cap, so that the stress area is increased to facilitate the anchor fixing construction.
The initial rainwater reservoir floats on a floating frame, light fillers are filled in the floating frame, aquatic plants are planted in the light fillers, and the upper parts of the aquatic plants are exposed out of the water surface.
The below of floating the frame is provided with a plurality of flexible ropes, and the length of flexible rope is greater than the distance that floats the frame to initial rainwater cistern bottom, and flexible rope surface sets up many light fibers, and the bottom of flexible rope is fixed in initial rainwater cistern bottom. The bottom of the flexible rope is fixed at the bottom of the pool through a fixing member 9, the fixing member 9 is an anchor, the anchor comprises a pointed threaded rod and an anchor top cap at the top of the pointed threaded rod, the top of the anchor top cap is provided with a fastening hole arched upwards, and the flexible rope penetrates through the fastening hole and is fastened on the fastening hole. The flexible cord has a length allowance for the wobble.
The aquatic plant is wetland plant, and can be canna, iris, calamus, typha, reed, arundo donax and/or water lily, etc.
The near shore area, the river center and the pipeline drainage area are sequentially selected from aquatic plants, biogas plants and aquatic halophytes, and are used for treating different water bodies.
The light filler is one or more of active carbon, biological ceramsite, zeolite and anthracite, and is added with slow-release carbon source or one or more of sulfur and pyrite for mixing.
The main board of the floating frame is a polyethylene foam board. The main function [1] of the floating frame generates buoyancy; [2] the support matrix [3] is provided for the upper wetland plants and a carrier for connecting ropes with the lower part is provided.
The initial rainwater purifies the cistern, is provided with a plurality of foretell ecological chinampa in the initial rainwater purification cistern, and initial rainwater purifies cistern construction process and does:
building an aerobic area and an anaerobic area: in order to improve the denitrification and dephosphorization efficiency of the floating island, an aerobic area and an anaerobic area are required to be constructed in the system, and as the particle filler has a strong blocking effect on water flow, the area has long hydraulic retention time, so that the consumption of dissolved oxygen is high, and an anaerobic area is formed; the suspension filler has weak blocking effect on water flow, the hydraulic retention time of the area is short, in order to ensure that the area and the particle filler area form larger difference of dissolved oxygen concentration, aeration is carried out in the area, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the suspension filler area is improved, and the water flow exchange of the two areas is promoted, so that the water purifying effect of the ecological floating island is improved;
culturing microorganisms: because the granular filler and the suspended filler region respectively perform denitrification and nitrification, sludge in the anaerobic tank and aerobic tank regions of the sewage plant is used for coating the filler in the coating stage, so that denitrifying bacteria are attached to the granular filler, and nitrifying bacteria are attached to the suspended filler;
food chain construction: referring to fig. 3, a 'producer-consumer-decomposer' system is constructed to achieve a stable and efficient contaminant purification effect by applying the symbiotic relationship between wetland species according to the food chain principle; planting submerged plants such as herba Sonchi Oleracei and Goldfish algae in a reservoir as producers, putting filter feeding fishes and shellfish such as silver carp, aristichthys nobilis, and hyriopsis cumingii as consumers, putting snails and shrimp apple snails, river snails and black shell shrimp as decomposers, and constructing a complete food chain in the reservoir; submerged plants such as kucao, goldfish algae and the like and emergent aquatic plants planted on the floating island have good water quality purifying capability, and can perform photosynthesis to provide energy for the system; the filter-feeding fishes and shellfishes can filter zooplankton and phytoplankton, have a certain eutrophication control effect, and can also enhance the water exchange effect; consumers such as apple snails, river snails, black shell shrimps and the like can decompose animal and plant residues and fish excreta in the water body, and control the turbidity of the water body and the concentration of organic matters;
micro-organism food ring construction: the heterotrophic plankton is not only a decomposer of organic matters in the water body, but also an important producer of organic particles, based on the decomposition, a micro-organism food ring is constructed in a water reservoir to form a feeding relationship of dissolved organic matters, the heterotrophic plankton, micro-heterotrophic plankton (mainly including heterotrophic flagella), individual large protozoa (mainly including ciliates), medium-sized plankton (mainly including copepods), and soluble organic matters generated by animal and plant debris decomposition, animal secretion and the like in the water body are taken up by the heterotrophic plankton to prevent the water body from being polluted, the heterotrophic plankton is the food of the micro-heterotrophic plankton mainly including the heterotrophic flagella, and the micro-heterotrophic plankton can be fed by the individual large protozoa such as the ciliate and then be utilized by the medium-sized plankton such as the copepods.
Referring to FIG. 1, a geotechnical impermeable membrane is paved at the bottom of a reservoir to prevent the groundwater from being polluted by the infiltration of the initial rain water; a mud pipe is arranged in the reservoir, the initial rainwater is wrapped with inorganic solid particles and enters the reservoir, sedimentation occurs in the reservoir, and a mud pump is arranged outside the reservoir and connected with the mud pipe, so that sedimentation caused by the particles is reduced; because the initial rainwater COD is higher, contains more toxic and harmful substances, has lower DO concentration and produces toxic action on attached microorganisms, an aeration pipe is arranged at the bottom, the aeration pipe is started when the initial rainwater concentration is higher, the dissolved oxygen content in water is increased, the activity of aerobic microorganisms is enhanced, the water treatment effect is enhanced, a water level gauge is arranged in a reservoir, and when the water level exceeds a maximum water level line, redundant rainwater is discharged into natural water body through an overrun pipe.
With the above-described preferred embodiments according to the present utility model as an illustration, the above-described descriptions can be used by persons skilled in the relevant art to make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present utility model. The technical scope of the present utility model is not limited to the description, but must be determined according to the scope of claims.

Claims (8)

1. An ecological chinampa suitable for initial rainwater purification is movable which characterized in that: the device comprises a floating frame floating on an initial rainwater reservoir, wherein light fillers are filled in the floating frame, aquatic plants are planted in the light fillers, and the upper parts of the aquatic plants are exposed out of the water surface;
the flexible rope is characterized in that a plurality of flexible ropes are arranged below the floating frame, the length of each flexible rope is larger than the distance from the floating frame to the bottom of the initial rainwater reservoir, a plurality of light fibers are arranged on the surface of each flexible rope, and the bottom of each flexible rope is fixed at the bottom of the initial rainwater reservoir.
2. The movable ecological floating island suitable for primary rainwater purification according to claim 1, wherein: the aquatic plant is wetland plant, and can be selected from canna, iris, calamus, typha, reed, arundo donax and/or water lily;
the near shore area, the river center and the pipeline drainage area are sequentially selected from aquatic plants, biogas plants and aquatic halophytes, and are used for treating different water bodies.
3. The movable ecological floating island suitable for primary rainwater purification according to claim 1, wherein: the light filler is one or more of active carbon, biological ceramsite, zeolite and anthracite, and when treating the water body with low carbon nitrogen ratio, slow-release carbon source or one or more of sulfur and pyrite are added for mixing so as to promote the reaction of the denitrification region.
4. The movable ecological floating island suitable for primary rainwater purification according to claim 1, wherein: the main board of the floating frame is a polyethylene foam board.
5. The movable ecological floating island suitable for primary rainwater purification according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the flexible rope is fixed at the bottom of the pool through an anchor, the anchor comprises a pointed threaded rod and an anchor top cap at the top of the pointed threaded rod, an upward arched tying hole is formed in the top of the anchor top cap, and the flexible rope penetrates through the tying hole and is tied down on the tying hole.
6. The initial rainwater purifies cistern, its characterized in that: the ecological floating islands are arranged in the initial rainwater purification reservoir, the ecological floating islands account for 20% -50% of the total coverage rate of the water surface of the initial rainwater purification reservoir, and the construction process of the initial rainwater purification reservoir is as follows:
building an aerobic area and an anaerobic area: in order to improve the denitrification and dephosphorization efficiency of the floating island, an aerobic area and an anaerobic area are constructed in the system, and as the particle filler has a strong blocking effect on water flow, the area has long hydraulic retention time, so that the consumption of dissolved oxygen is high, and an anaerobic area is formed; the suspension filler (flexible rope with fiber) has weak blocking effect on water flow, the hydraulic retention time of the area is short, in order to ensure that the area and the particle filler area form larger difference of dissolved oxygen concentration, aeration is carried out in the area, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the suspension filler area is improved, and the water flow exchange of the two areas is promoted, so that the water purifying effect of the ecological floating island is improved;
culturing microorganisms: because the granular filler area and the suspended filler area respectively carry out denitrification and nitrification, in the film-forming stage, an inoculation sludge-discharge film-forming method is used for film-forming the filler, the granular filler, the activated sludge in the anaerobic tank area of the sewage treatment plant, the suspended filler (flexible rope with fiber) and the activated sludge in the aerobic tank area are respectively added into the two reactors, the sludge is fully contacted with the filler and is attached to the surface of the filler, a mature biological film is formed on the filler with the increase of time, and the film-forming of the filler is completed within 10-15 days, so that denitrifying bacteria are attached to the granular filler, and nitrifying bacteria are attached to the suspended filler;
food chain construction: according to the food chain principle, a symbiotic relation among wetland species is applied to construct a producer-consumer-decomposer system so as to realize a stable and efficient pollutant purifying effect; planting submerged plants in a reservoir as producer with planting density of 400-800g/m 2 Putting filter feeding fishes and shellfishes as consumers, and putting the filter feeding fishes and shellfishes into the water tank at a density of 50-300g/m 2 Putting snails and shrimps as decomposers, and putting density of 100-300g/m 2 Constructing a complete food chain in the reservoir; the submerged plants and emergent aquatic plants planted on the floating island have good water quality purifying capability, and photosynthesis is carried out to provide energy for the system; filter-feeding fishes and shellfishes filter zooplankton and phytoplankton, have eutrophication control effect and enhance water exchange effect; apple snails, river snails and black shrimp are taken as consumers to decompose animal and plant residues and fish excreta in the water body, and control the turbidity of the water body and the concentration of organic matters;
micro-organism food ring construction: the heterotrophic plankton is not only a decomposer of organic matters in the water body, but also an important producer of organic particles, based on the decomposition, a micro-organism food ring is constructed in a reservoir, so that a feeding relationship of dissolved organic matters, the heterotrophic plankton, the micro-heterotrophic plankton, the individual large protozoa and the medium-sized plankton is formed, the soluble organic matters generated by the decomposition of animal and plant debris and the secretion of the animal in the water body are taken up by the heterotrophic plankton, the pollution to the water body is prevented, the heterotrophic plankton is the food of the micro-heterotrophic plankton mainly comprising heterotrophic flagella, and the micro-heterotrophic plankton can be fed by the large protozoa of ciliated individuals and then utilized by the coped medium-sized plankton.
7. The initial rainwater purification reservoir of claim 6, wherein: a geotechnical seepage-proofing film is paved at the bottom of the reservoir to prevent the groundwater from being polluted by the seepage of the initial rain water; a mud pipe is arranged in the reservoir, the initial rainwater is wrapped with inorganic solid particles and enters the reservoir, sedimentation occurs in the reservoir, and a mud pump is arranged outside the reservoir and connected with the mud pipe, so that sedimentation caused by the particles is reduced; because the initial rainwater COD is higher, contains more toxic and harmful substances, has lower DO concentration and produces toxic action on attached microorganisms, an aeration pipe is arranged at the bottom, the aeration pipe is started when the initial rainwater concentration is higher, the dissolved oxygen content in water is increased, the activity of aerobic microorganisms is enhanced, the water treatment effect is enhanced, a water level gauge is arranged in a reservoir, and when the water level exceeds a maximum water level line, redundant rainwater is discharged into natural water body through an overrun pipe.
8. The reservoir for primary rainwater purification of claim 6, wherein: the submerged plant is selected from herba Sophorae Alopecuroidis and Goldfish, the filter feeding fish and shellfish are selected from Hypophthal Michthys, aristichthys nobilis and Carnis Pseudosciaenae, the decomposer is selected from apple snail, river snail and black shrimp, the miniature heterotrophic zooplankton is selected from heterotrophic flagellate and protozoa is selected from ciliate, and the medium-sized zooplankton is selected from copepods.
CN202310393799.4A 2023-04-13 2023-04-13 Movable ecological floating island and reservoir suitable for initial rainwater purification Pending CN116253436A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004261661A (en) * 2003-02-28 2004-09-24 Eng Shinko Kyokai Method for purifying lake or the like, and purifying system therefor
US20050183331A1 (en) * 2003-07-02 2005-08-25 Fountainhead L.L.C. Super-enhanced aquatic floating island plant habitat
CN201932957U (en) * 2010-12-02 2011-08-17 上海市南洋模范中学 Floating bed bio-film
CN103896458A (en) * 2014-04-04 2014-07-02 河海大学常州校区 Deluge type efficient ecological floating bed suitable for still water lake
CN104671417A (en) * 2015-02-15 2015-06-03 河北省环境科学研究院 Novel combined bio-floating bed
CN114853282A (en) * 2022-05-18 2022-08-05 河南冠宇环保科技有限公司 Low-water-loss function-complementary multistage natural gentle slope revetment ecological wetland system

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004261661A (en) * 2003-02-28 2004-09-24 Eng Shinko Kyokai Method for purifying lake or the like, and purifying system therefor
US20050183331A1 (en) * 2003-07-02 2005-08-25 Fountainhead L.L.C. Super-enhanced aquatic floating island plant habitat
CN201932957U (en) * 2010-12-02 2011-08-17 上海市南洋模范中学 Floating bed bio-film
CN103896458A (en) * 2014-04-04 2014-07-02 河海大学常州校区 Deluge type efficient ecological floating bed suitable for still water lake
CN104671417A (en) * 2015-02-15 2015-06-03 河北省环境科学研究院 Novel combined bio-floating bed
CN114853282A (en) * 2022-05-18 2022-08-05 河南冠宇环保科技有限公司 Low-water-loss function-complementary multistage natural gentle slope revetment ecological wetland system

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