CN209890358U - Efficient denitrification breathable seepage-proof subsurface flow constructed wetland - Google Patents
Efficient denitrification breathable seepage-proof subsurface flow constructed wetland Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A high-efficiency denitrification breathable seepage-proofing subsurface flow constructed wetland is characterized in that a breathable seepage-proofing sand layer, a filter layer and a gabion module are sequentially paved on the subsurface flow constructed wetland from bottom to top; the air permeability of the air-permeable anti-seepage sand layer is 90mL/(cm ∙ s), and the permeation rate under 2 m high water pressure is smaller than0.3 kg/m2H; the gabion module comprises a gabion net, a plant layer is laid at the bottom of the gabion net, and a packing layer is filled on the plant layer. The subsurface flow constructed wetland has the characteristics of high-efficiency denitrification, leakage prevention and easy implementation, can effectively prevent the roots of plants in the subsurface flow wetland from rotting, promotes the growth of root systems, and improves the survival rate of subsurface flow aquatic plants; the gabion module is applied to the laying process of the subsurface flow wetland filler, and the efficiency can be improved by adopting mechanical filling; the addition of the reaped plants can effectively improve the denitrification effect, provide an available carbon source for the denitrification process and realize the controllable release of the carbon source.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an undercurrent constructed wetland for sewage advanced treatment, in particular to a breathable undercurrent constructed wetland with high-efficiency denitrification, belonging to the technical field of undercurrent constructed wetlands.
Background
The artificial wetland treatment technology has the characteristics of high efficiency, low investment and low maintenance cost. The artificial wetland can promote the circulation of plant nutrients in the wastewater, so that organic matters in the wastewater can be recycled, and the environment can be greened, so that the ecological environment in the area is continuously improved. As a sewage advanced treatment technology, the artificial wetland can improve the tail water of a sewage treatment plant from the discharge standard of primary sewage A to the four-class water level of the surface water environmental quality standard with stable discharge, meet the requirements of general industrial water, agricultural water and landscape water, bring aesthetic enjoyment to people in landscape reconstruction, remarkably improve the quality of life and meet the landscape requirements of the masses.
The pollutant removing mechanism of the artificial wetland mainly comprises the steps of combining a matrix filler, microorganisms and plants into a whole, and treating pollutants in sewage by adopting a physical, chemical and biological comprehensive method. In the subsurface flow wetland, sewage seeps under the surface of the filler layer, microorganisms can grow in a film-forming manner in the matrix layer to intercept and adsorb pollutants, and micromolecular nutrient substances such as monosaccharide, nitrate and the like are provided for the root system of the plant to promote the growth of the plant, so that the reclamation and harmless treatment of the sewage are realized.
The sewage treatment capability of the subsurface flow wetland is mainly reflected in the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus removal on low-concentration sewage. The removal of the total phosphorus by the subsurface flow wetland is mainly reflected in the adsorption and precipitation of the filler on the total phosphorus in the sewage, the total amount is limited, and the utilization rate of the plants on phosphorus elements is not high. However, the subsurface flow wetland has a remarkable effect of removing nitrogen elements and mainly depends on the ammoniation, nitrification and denitrification of microorganisms on the nitrogen elements. In the subsurface flow wetland, the root system of the aquatic plant in the wetland has unique oxygen-drawing capacity, so that the dissolved oxygen content in the overground part of the subsurface flow wetland and the vicinity of the root of the aquatic plant is high, and the subsurface flow wetland is in an aerobic state. Under the participation of nitrifying bacteria in water, ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrate; when the content of dissolved oxygen is lower and is in an anoxic state at a deeper position at the lower part of the subsurface wetland packed bed, nitrate nitrogen is converted into nitrogen under the participation of denitrifying bacteria.
The current construction process of the subsurface flow wetland mainly has the following problems to be solved urgently:
1. in the construction of subsurface flow constructed wetlands, the use of the filler can reach thousands of cubic meters, and the filling and laying work of the filler becomes a difficult problem. At present, the Bingge gabion mesh is applied to the subsurface flow wetland, but the problems of size matching of the gabion mesh and fillers and loading and unloading deformation of the gabion mesh influence the engineering cost and the construction difficulty. Therefore, the problem of filling and laying of the subsurface flow wetland still needs to be improved innovatively.
2. The denitrification effect of the subsurface flow wetland needs to be improved. The anaerobic zone in the deep part of the subsurface wetland packed bed is the main position of denitrification reaction. The low-concentration sewage is poor in denitrification effect of the artificial wetland due to the fact that the content of organic matters is low and sufficient carbon sources are lacked in denitrification reaction. The requirement of stability, easy degradation and long-term effectiveness must be met by adding the carbon source artificially.
3. At present, an underflow pool of an underflow wetland is poured by using pseudo-ginseng grey soil, the process is simple and convenient, the cost is low, but the underflow pool is not breathable, and the plant root system is easy to lack oxygen and rot, so that the survival of the plant is reduced. How to select a novel material to solve the technical difficulty that the air permeability of the undercurrent pool can prevent water simultaneously to become the current project of the undercurrent pool.
4. The problem of plant harvesting and recycling in the subsurface flow wetland is solved. The current subsurface flow wetland needs to harvest plants in autumn and winter every year, and the harvested plants are generally transported and reprocessed as feed or directly treated as garbage. How to effectively utilize the part of the harvested plants becomes a key point for reducing the cost of the subsurface wetland.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses to the not enough of current undercurrent constructed wetland existence, provide a ventilative prevention of seepage undercurrent constructed wetland of high-efficient denitrogenation, can effectively improve undercurrent constructed wetland's denitrogenation effect, solve the mashed root problem of plant that pseudo-ginseng soil ash brought as undercurrent bottom of the pool building material simultaneously to can solve the problem that constructed wetland plant was recycled after reaping, ensure the undercurrent wetland can high-efficient operation.
The utility model discloses a ventilative prevention of seepage undercurrent constructed wetland of high-efficient denitrogenation adopts following technical scheme:
the subsurface flow constructed wetland is characterized in that a breathable anti-seepage sand layer, a filter layer and a gabion module are laid in sequence from bottom to top; the air permeability of the air-permeable anti-seepage sand layer is 90mL/(cm & s), and the permeation rate under 2 m high water pressure is less than 0.3kg/m2H; the gabion module comprises a gabion net, a plant layer is laid at the bottom of the gabion net, and a packing layer is filled on the plant layer.
The filter layer is made of fine sand with the grain diameter of 0.25-0.35 cm;
the shape of the breathable anti-seepage sand layer is a basin shape with an upward opening.
The thickness of the plant layer is 5-15 cm.
The thickness of the filler layer is 80-90 cm.
Planting aquatic plants on a packing layer in a dragon module when the operation is started, adding a microbial inoculum to ensure the normal operation of the wetland in the early growth stage of the plants, wherein the added microbial inoculum is a combined microbial inoculum of a denitrifying microbial inoculum, a nitrifying microbial inoculum and bacillus; and in the plant growth and maturity stage, adding lignocellulose decomposing bacteria into the wetland, and paving plant layer fillers and fallen leaves falling off in the plant growth process at the bottom of the decomposition gabion mesh so as to provide a carbon source for the subsurface flow wetland denitrification reaction.
The utility model has the characteristics of high-efficient denitrogenation, bottom are ventilative, antiseep, easy to carry out. The breathable seepage-proof sand is used for replacing pseudo-ginseng grey soil, so that root rot of the subsurface wetland plants can be effectively prevented, the growth of root systems is promoted, and the survival rate of subsurface aquatic plants is improved; the gabion module is applied to the laying process of the subsurface flow wetland filler, and the efficiency can be improved by adopting mechanical filling; the addition of the reaped plants can effectively improve the denitrification effect and provide an available carbon source for the denitrification process.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the subsurface flow constructed wetland of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a gabion module according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the water-saving sewage treatment system comprises a pool wall, 2 soil layers, 3 air-permeable and anti-seepage sand layers, 4 filter layers, 5 gabion modules, 6 filler layers, 7 plant layers and 8 binge gabion nets.
Detailed Description
The utility model discloses an easy mashed root of aquatic plant to the undercurrent wetland, the survival rate is low, denitrogenation inefficiency, the inconvenient scheduling problem of construction, the waterproof undercurrent constructed wetland that can breathe freely that provides can promote denitrogenation efficiency simultaneously, promotes the denitrification process, promotes the play water quality of water of undercurrent wetland.
As shown in figure 1, the two side walls 1 of the high-efficiency denitrification breathable seepage-proofing subsurface flow constructed wetland of the utility model are poured by concrete, and the thickness is 5-15 cm. And a breathable anti-seepage sand layer 3, a filter layer 4 and a gabion module 5 are sequentially paved on the soil layer 2 in the submerged flow pool from bottom to top.
The shape of the air-permeable anti-seepage sand layer 3 is a layer. The thickness of the air-permeable anti-seepage sand layer 3 is 5-15cm, the air-permeable anti-seepage sand is the conventional raw material known by the technical personnel in the field, the air-permeable anti-seepage sand layer enhances the surface tension contacted with water by means of a special surface shape so as to play a role of water resistance and air permeability, can prevent sewage in the subsurface flow pool from entering the surrounding soil, does not obstruct the air flow between the soil and the subsurface flow pool, is beneficial to plant growth and prevents root rot.
The filtering layer 4 is made of fine sand with a grain size of 0.25-0.35 cm. The air-permeable seepage-proofing sand is characterized in that the surface tension of the air-permeable seepage-proofing sand in contact with water is enhanced by means of a special surface shape, so that impurities can directly influence the waterproof performance of the air-permeable seepage-proofing sand. The filtering layer 4 consisting of a layer of fine sand is added on the surface layer of the breathable seepage-proofing sand, so that impurities in sewage can be effectively filtered, the using effect of the breathable seepage-proofing sand is improved, and the service life of the breathable seepage-proofing sand is prolonged.
The laying of the subsurface flow constructed wetland filler can select the gabion module 5, so that the construction efficiency is improved. The gabion module 5 comprises a gabion net 8, a plant layer 7 is laid at the bottom of the gabion net 8, and a packing layer 6 is filled on the plant layer 7. The gabion mesh 8 is a cover-free gabion mesh with 100 × 100 cm. The gabion mesh 8 can be made of common galvanized steel wires, galvanized-5% aluminum alloy steel wires, galvanized-10% aluminum alloy steel wires, polyester film galvanized steel wires and the like. The plant layer 7 can be composed of harvested constructed wetland plants, and can also be composed of straws and sawdust containing higher lignin and cellulose. The thickness of the plant layer 7 is 5-15 cm. The plant layer 7 can be harvested wetland plants and can also be replaced by other materials (such as straws, rice straws and the like) rich in cellulose. The binge gabion net is pulled up from a folded state, and a buried plant layer 7 consisting of wetland harvested plants is placed at the bottom. The problem of filler leakage caused by the fact that the aperture of the mesh of the Bingge gabion is larger than the diameter of the filler can be prevented. The harvested wetland plants (also can be straws or other plants containing lignin and cellulose to achieve secondary utilization and reduce garbage discharge) are firstly filled in the Bingge gabion net 8, and a filler layer 6 is filled on the Bingge gabion net, wherein the filler can be stone or can be selected according to effluent indexes and engineering cost, such as volcanic rock, coal cinder and the like. The thickness of the filler layer 6 is 80-90 cm. The gabion module 5 can be filled and paved by machinery, and the paving task of the subsurface flow wetland can be obviously improved. The module can meet the requirement of denitrification reaction of the subsurface flow wetland on a carbon source.
In the constructed wetland, the air-permeable seepage-proof sand is applied to the construction of the subsurface flow pool instead of the pseudo-ginseng gray soil, and a layer of fine sand is laid on the air-permeable seepage-proof sand to be used as a filter layer; the filler is filled into the Bingge gabion net and is used as a unit module, so that large-scale mechanical operation can be realized, and construction is facilitated; meanwhile, in order to improve the denitrification efficiency, harvested wetland plants are used as a sustainable-release carbon source, and when the water quality is unstable or a large amount of carbon source is needed, lignocellulose decomposing bacteria can be added into the subsurface wetland to accelerate the decomposition of plant lignocellulose, so that the denitrification efficiency is improved in the denitrification process.
When the wetland starts to operate, aquatic plants are planted on the packing layer in the fossil dragon module, and in the early stage of plant growth, a microbial inoculum is added to ensure the normal operation of the wetland, wherein the added microbial inoculum is a combined microbial inoculum of a denitrifying bacterial agent, a nitrifying bacterial agent and bacillus, and the mass ratio of denitrifying bacteria to nitrifying bacteria to bacillus is 3: 1: 1-4: 1: 1. the water inlet index of the wetland is the first-grade A standard of a municipal sewage treatment plant, namely COD is less than or equal to 50 mg/L; NH (NH)3-N is less than or equal to 5 mg/L; TN is less than or equal to 15 mg/L; under the conditions that TP is less than or equal to 0.5mg/L and the surface hydraulic load of the subsurface wetland is 0.3-1m/d, the dosage of the combined microbial inoculum is 1-1.5kg/m3The feed can be added in times of 5 to 15 days.
And in the plant growth and maturity stage, adding lignocellulose decomposing bacteria into the wetland, and paving plant layer fillers and fallen leaves falling off in the plant growth process at the bottom of the decomposition gabion mesh so as to provide a carbon source for the subsurface flow wetland denitrification reaction. Adding lignocellulose decomposing bacteria after the plant growth is adaptive, wherein the mass ratio of the lignocellulose decomposing bacteria to the denitrifying bacteria is 1: 1-1: 2. when the planting density of the aquatic plants in the subsurface flow wetland is more than 15 plants/m2In the process, the mass ratio of lignocellulose decomposing bacteria to denitrifying bacteria is recommended to be 1: 1. when the planting density of the aquatic plants in the subsurface wetland is less than or equal to 15 plants/m2In the process, the mass ratio of lignocellulose decomposing bacteria to denitrifying bacteria is recommended to be 1: 2. the wetland water inlet index is the first grade A standard (COD is less than or equal to 50 mg/L; NH) of a municipal sewage treatment plant3-N is less than or equal to 5 mg/L; TN is less than or equal to 15 mg/L; TP is less than or equal to 0.5mg/L), and the dosage of the lignocellulose decomposing bacteria is 0.2-0.5kg/m under the condition that the surface hydraulic load of the subsurface wetland is 0.3-1m/d3The feed can be added in times of 5 to 15 days.
Specific examples are given below
The flow of the subsurface flow wetland is 1000m3D, the occupied area is 3000m2The surface hydraulic load was 0.33 m/d.
The thickness of the concrete undercurrent pool wall 1 is 10 cm. The thickness of the air-permeable seepage-proofing sand 3 is 10 cm. The fine sand filter layer 4 selects fine sand with a particle size of 0.3 cm. The gabion module 5 selects a 100 x 100cm uncovered gabion mesh. The landfill plant layer 7 can be selected from artificial wetland plants, straws, wood chips and the like. The thickness of the layer 7 of the buried implant is 10 cm. The packing layer 6 selects graded gravel with the thickness of 90cm and the grain diameter of 3-5 cm.
In the initial operation stage of the wetland, artificially adding a microbial inoculum to ensure the normal operation of the wetland, and adding a combined microbial inoculum of a denitrifying microbial inoculum, a nitrifying microbial inoculum and bacillus, wherein the adding amount is 4: 1: 1. the three microbial inoculum are all the existing microbial inoculum, and the adding amount is 420kg/d and the continuous adding is carried out for 10 days. When the wetland plant growth is adaptive, adding the lignocellulose bactericide with the adding amount of 175kg/d for 10 days continuously.
The subsurface flow constructed wetland is utilized to treat tail water discharged by a certain sewage plant. The quality of tail water of a sewage plant is the national sewage discharge first-grade standard, the pH is 7.5-9.0, the COD is within 60mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen is within 15mg/L, the total phosphorus is within 0.5mg/L, and the SS is within 10 mg/L.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a ventilative prevention of seepage undercurrent constructed wetland of high-efficient denitrogenation which characterized by: a breathable anti-seepage sand layer, a filter layer and a gabion module are laid in sequence from bottom to top; the air permeability of the air-permeable seepage-proof sand is 90mL/(cm ∙ s), and the permeation rate under 2 m high water pressure is less than 0.3kg/m2H; the gabion module comprises a gabion net, a plant layer is laid at the bottom of the gabion net, and a packing layer is filled on the plant layer.
2. The high-efficiency denitrification breathable seepage-proofing subsurface flow constructed wetland according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the filter layer is composed of fine sand with the grain diameter of 0.25-0.35 cm.
3. The high-efficiency denitrification breathable seepage-proofing subsurface flow constructed wetland according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the thickness of the plant layer is 5-15 cm.
4. The high-efficiency denitrification breathable seepage-proofing subsurface flow constructed wetland according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the thickness of the filler layer is 80-90 cm.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109970205A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-07-05 | 山东省环科院环境工程有限公司 | A kind of the ventilation anti-seepage drowned flow artificial wet land and its operation method of efficient denitrification |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109970205A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-07-05 | 山东省环科院环境工程有限公司 | A kind of the ventilation anti-seepage drowned flow artificial wet land and its operation method of efficient denitrification |
| CN109970205B (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2024-05-07 | 山东省环科院环境工程有限公司 | Efficient denitrification breathable impermeable subsurface flow constructed wetland and operation method thereof |
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