CN112047486A - Composite functional wetland combination process for treating drainage basin characteristic pollutants - Google Patents

Composite functional wetland combination process for treating drainage basin characteristic pollutants Download PDF

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CN112047486A
CN112047486A CN202010991231.9A CN202010991231A CN112047486A CN 112047486 A CN112047486 A CN 112047486A CN 202010991231 A CN202010991231 A CN 202010991231A CN 112047486 A CN112047486 A CN 112047486A
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wetland
flow wetland
water
wetland unit
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刘雅娜
朱向宏
林娜
张玉宝
黎岭芳
骆兆飞
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Beijing Newatt Environmental Engineering Co ltd
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Beijing Newatt Environmental Engineering Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/20Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30Organic compounds

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite functional wetland combination process for treating watershed characteristic pollutants, which comprises an enhanced pond unit, a vertical subsurface flow wetland unit, a horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit, a surface flow wetland unit, a water collecting tank unit and a backflow unit, and is characterized in that the backflow unit is used for improving the emergency handling capacity and the low-temperature stable operation capacity in winter, matrixes are filled in the enhanced pond unit, the vertical subsurface flow wetland unit, the horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit and the surface flow wetland unit, and the backflow unit is used for starting backflow when the pollution load is higher or the low-temperature process efficiency is reduced, so that the removal efficiency of pollutants is effectively improved. According to the invention, the substrate compounding, the plant community optimization and the process combination construction are carried out according to the characteristic pollutants, the characteristic pollutants are efficiently purified, the water body safety risk control is realized, and the method has good risk control significance on health risks and ecological safety risks possibly brought by the drainage basin type characteristic substance pollution.

Description

Composite functional wetland combination process for treating drainage basin characteristic pollutants
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment design, in particular to a composite functional wetland combination process for treating watershed characteristic pollutants.
Background
While the water quality of the river basin in China is obviously improved, the concentration of the characteristic pollutants of the river basin and the lake water body is higher due to the characteristics of regions and industrial structures and the appearance of novel chemicals. For example, the background values of fluoride and heavy metal in the eternal river basin are high, the concentration of antibiotics in some rivers is relatively high, the background values of the ubiquitous polar pesticide substances are high, and the like. These substances not only produce chronic toxicological effects on aquatic organisms, but also enter human bodies through food chains, cause imbalance and imbalance of intestinal flora, and reduce human immunity. The wetland technology is an important means for restoring the watershed ecology, and is widely applied due to the technical, economic and ecological properties.
The characteristic pollutant is a substance which has the characteristics of drainage territory and regionality, is related to a regional industrial structure and is different from a conventional monitoring index. Heavy metals are ubiquitous in eight watershed water bodies in China. According to the statistical data analysis of the last decade, compared with foreign countries, the average value of the exposure concentration of 10 typical heavy metals in various watershed water bodies in China is generally higher. The research on the risk control of heavy metal substances in a drainage basin is less, so that at present, the wetland technology is used as an advanced treatment unit to treat heavy metal wastewater, and the research and practice on wetland plants, matrixes, microorganisms, action mechanisms, processes and the like are developed at home and abroad, but the heavy metal wastewater has high general concentration, and the risk control on the low-concentration heavy metal in the drainage basin cannot be directly utilized.
Organochlorine pesticides are typical persistent pollutants in the environment and are also a pollutant ubiquitous in drainage basins, the pollution prevention and control work of the persistent organic pollutants is highly emphasized in China, and the detection of the persistent organic pollutants is brought into a national environment monitoring system by the recent ecological environment ministry. Fluoride and the like have higher background values in some watershed environments, and the watershed ecological restoration technical means of wetland is used for controlling the risk substances in the watershed environments, so that the method is an effective countermeasure.
The wetland technical system is adopted to carry out risk control on the characteristic pollution of the drainage basin, is an important development direction and is bound to become a trend. The wetland technical system is complex and strong in inclusion, and has a certain removal effect on different characteristic pollutants, but the current research and process design on the wetland technology are focused on the removal research on conventional pollutants (COD, ammonia nitrogen, TN, TP and the like), and the risk control research on the characteristic pollution is less. The invention provides a composite functional wetland combination process for treating characteristic pollutants in a drainage basin, which provides process technical parameters for controlling the risk of the characteristic pollutants on the basis of conventional pollutant removal. In view of the related technical problems, no effective solution has been proposed at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the related art, the invention provides a composite functional wetland combination process for treating the characteristic pollutants in the drainage basin, so as to overcome the technical problems in the prior related art.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a composite functional wetland combination process for treating watershed characteristic pollutants comprises an enhanced pond unit, a vertical subsurface flow wetland unit, a horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit, a surface flow wetland unit, a water collecting tank unit and a backflow unit, and is characterized in that the backflow unit is used for improving the emergency handling capacity and the low-temperature stable operation capacity in winter, matrixes are filled in the enhanced pond unit, the vertical subsurface flow wetland unit, the horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit and the surface flow wetland unit, and the backflow unit is used for starting backflow to effectively improve the removal efficiency of pollutants when the pollution load is higher or the low-temperature process efficiency is reduced, and the composite functional wetland combination process comprises the following steps:
the first combination process comprises the following steps: the vertical subsurface flow wetland unit-the horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit-the surface flow wetland unit;
and (2) a second combined process: the method comprises the following steps of (1) strengthening a pond unit, a vertical subsurface flow wetland unit and a horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit;
and (3) a third combined process: the system comprises a horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit, a reinforced pond unit and a horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit.
Furthermore, the reinforced pond unit, the vertical subsurface flow wetland unit, the horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit, the surface flow wetland unit and the water collecting tank unit are of modular structures, and the modular structures are made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, PE or PP materials.
Furthermore, the vertical subsurface flow wetland unit, the horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit, the surface flow wetland unit and the reinforced pond unit are organically and efficiently integrated, and the purification potential of different wetland types and reinforced ponds is fully exerted through multi-stage series-parallel connection and multi-process combined space structure and function optimization, so that the target pollutants are efficiently removed.
Furthermore, the bottom of the strengthening pond unit is provided with artificial water purification grass, submerged plants and an aeration device, the artificial water purification grass is used for allowing microorganisms to adhere and grow and has the functions of allelopathy and algae inhibition, the artificial water purification grass and the submerged plants are arranged in a crossed mode, and when the dissolved oxygen in the water body is extremely low, the aeration device increases the dissolved oxygen in the water body through aeration, so that the purification efficiency is improved.
Further, the matrix is filled with different target contaminants.
Furthermore, in the aspect of planting the vertical subsurface flow wetland unit, the horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit and the surface flow wetland unit, emergent aquatic plants are mainly selected for planting in a matched manner on the basis of the tolerance of wetland plants to characteristic pollutants and the filler-plant-microorganism comprehensive action effect and in combination with the purification capacity and landscape of a wetland plant system, and the submerged plant community is planted at a position suitable for water depth of the reinforced pond unit.
Furthermore, all units of the combined functional wetland combination process are combined in a series connection mode, the vertical subsurface flow wetland unit is of an up-flow type, and the vertical subsurface flow wetland unit fully utilizes the intercepting and filtering function and the adsorption performance of a wetland matrix, reduces the concentration of pollutants and protects wetland plants.
Furthermore, the reinforced pond unit can be used for carrying out suspended matter precipitation, oxygenation and water quality regulation on a water body with poor transparency, an anoxic water body or a water body with large water quality fluctuation.
Furthermore, a liquid level difference is further arranged on the combined process, the liquid level difference enables water to form self-flow, energy consumption is reduced, drop aeration oxygenation is increased, dissolved oxygen content in the wetland system is improved, growth of aerobic microorganisms is promoted, and degradation capacity of organic matters and ammonia nitrogen in the wetland system is improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can carry out matrix compounding, plant community optimization and process combination construction according to the characteristic pollutants, efficiently purifies the characteristic pollutants on the premise of maintaining the index of the conventional pollutants to be not lower than the treatment efficiency of the existing wetland process, realizes water body safety risk control, and has very high practical value and popularization value.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a combined process of a combined functional wetland combined process for treating characteristic pollutants in a drainage basin according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second combined process of the combined functional wetland combined process for treating the characteristic pollutants in the drainage basin according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a combined process of a combined functional wetland combined process for treating the characteristic pollutants in the drainage basin according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a vertical subsurface wetland unit of a combined functional wetland combined process for treating the characteristic pollutants in the drainage basin according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a horizontal subsurface wetland unit of a combined functional wetland combined process for treating the characteristic pollutants in the watershed according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a surface flow wetland unit of a combined functional wetland combined process for treating the characteristic pollutants in the watershed according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the composite functional wetland combination process for treating the characteristic pollutants in the drainage basin is provided.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a complex function type wetland combination process for treating watershed characteristic pollutants according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an enhanced pond unit, a vertical subsurface flow wetland unit, a horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit, a surface flow wetland unit, a water collection tank unit, and a backflow unit, and is characterized in that the backflow unit is used for improving the emergency handling capacity and the winter low-temperature stable operation capacity of a system, the enhanced pond unit, the vertical subsurface flow wetland unit, the horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit, and the surface flow wetland unit are all filled with a matrix, and the backflow unit is used for starting backflow when the pollution load is high or the low-temperature process efficiency is reduced, so as to effectively improve the removal efficiency of pollutants, and the complex function type wetland combination process includes:
the first combination process comprises the following steps: the combined process is characterized in that oxygen-enriched micro-polluted water with relatively high concentration of characteristic pollutants is fed from the lower part of the vertical subsurface flow wetland unit, water discharged from the upper part of the vertical subsurface flow wetland unit automatically flows into a water inlet in the middle of the horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit, then automatically flows into a water inlet in the middle of the surface flow wetland unit from a water outlet in the lower part of the horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit, and is discharged from a water outlet in the lower part of the surface flow wetland unit, and the water collecting tank unit is arranged at the tail end of the surface flow wetland unit. The backflow unit pumps water from the water outlet of the water collecting tank unit and flows back to the water inlet pipeline of the vertical subsurface flow wetland unit.
And (2) a second combined process: the combined process is characterized in that anoxic micro-polluted water bodies with relatively high characteristic pollutant concentration are used as the combined process, water is fed from the lower part of the reinforced pond unit, water is discharged from the upper part of the reinforced pond unit and automatically flows into a water inlet at the lower part of the vertical subsurface flow wetland unit, water is discharged from the upper part of the vertical subsurface flow wetland unit and automatically flows into a water inlet at the middle part of the horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit, the water collecting tank unit is arranged at the tail end of the horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit and is discharged from a water outlet at the lower part of the horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit, and the backflow unit pumps water from a water outlet of the water collecting tank unit and flows back to a water inlet.
And (3) a third combined process: the third combined process is suitable for micro-polluted water bodies with relatively low characteristic pollutant concentration, water is fed from the middle of the horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit, the water discharged from the lower part of the horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit automatically flows into a water inlet at the lower part of the reinforced pond unit, then automatically flows into a water inlet at the middle of the second-stage horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit from a water outlet at the middle of the reinforced pond unit, the water collecting tank unit is arranged at the tail end of the horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit and is discharged from a water outlet at the lower part of the horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit, and the backflow unit pumps water from a water outlet of the water collecting tank unit and flows back to a water inlet pipeline of the horizontal subsurface flow.
The filling matrix of each functional unit of the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
the reinforced pond units are internally provided with artificial water purification grass (1m long by 1m high) at intervals of 1m, and are matched with pioneer seeds of submerged plants. The height of the artificial water purification grass can be properly adjusted according to the actual water depth.
The vertical subsurface wetland unit is filled with 100cm of composite filler (volcanic rock, activated zeolite and biological ceramsite combined matrix with the grain diameter of 10-20mm in a ratio of 1:1: 1), and a 20cm gravel layer is laid on the upper layer for planting plants;
filling composite filler (volcanic, activated zeolite and biological ceramsite combined matrix with the grain diameter of 10-20mm in a ratio of 1:1: 1) 50cm in the horizontal subsurface wetland unit, and laying a gravel layer with the grain diameter of 20cm on the upper layer for planting plants;
the surface flow wetland unit is filled with gravels with the filling height of 50cm, and the water surface of 20cm is kept on the gravel layer.
The box bodies of the reinforced pond unit, the vertical subsurface flow wetland unit, the horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit, the surface flow wetland unit and the water collecting tank unit are of modular structures, and the modular structures are made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, PE or PP materials.
The modular structure provided by the embodiment of the invention has the size length-width-depth ratio of 1:1:2, is designed into a modular unit, the water inlet and outlet of each modular unit are divided into an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer, each layer is provided with three water inlets and three water outlets, each water inlet and water outlet are provided with a valve and a flowmeter, and a water distribution pipe, an aeration pipe support and an aeration pipe are arranged in the modular unit.
The vertical subsurface flow wetland unit, the horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit, the surface flow wetland unit and the reinforced pond unit are organically and efficiently integrated, and the purification potential of different wetland types and reinforced ponds is fully exerted through multi-stage series-parallel connection and multi-process combined space structure and function optimization, so that the target pollutants are efficiently removed.
The bottom of the strengthening pond unit is provided with artificial water purification grass, submerged plants and an aeration device, the artificial water purification grass is used for allowing microorganisms to adhere and grow and has the functions of chemical sensing and algae inhibition, the artificial water purification grass and the submerged plants are arranged in a cross mode, and when the dissolved oxygen in the water body is extremely low, the aeration device increases the dissolved oxygen in the water body through aeration, so that the purification efficiency is improved.
The artificial water purification grass has the functions of weakening the peripheral flow velocity of the water grass, adsorbing partial suspended matters, inhibiting the growth of algae by allelopathy and the like, enhancing the transparency, and reducing pollutants such as heavy metals carried on the surface of the suspended solid matters; the submerged plant can improve the water quality purification capacity and can supplement dissolved oxygen for the water body. The submerged plants such as hydrilla verticillata and rotala crispus are matched with the potamogeton crispus for planting and purifying, and the planting and purifying effect is good, and the stain resistance is strong.
The matrix is filled with different target contaminants.
Aiming at the characteristics of various characteristic pollutants, large property difference and difficult removal, the embodiment of the invention combines the performance complementation of the matrix filler, comprehensively considers that the matrix filler has stable removal effect on different target pollutants and the filler is not easy to block, and preferably selects the mixed filler compounded by the vesuvianite, the biological ceramsite and the activated zeolite according to the volume ratio of 1:1: 1.
In the aspect of planting the vertical subsurface flow wetland unit, the horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit and the surface flow wetland unit, emergent aquatic plants are mainly selected for matching planting in the vertical subsurface flow wetland unit, the horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit and the surface flow wetland unit based on the tolerance of wetland plants to characteristic pollutants and the filler-plant-microorganism comprehensive action effect, and the purification capability and landscape of a wetland plant system are combined, and the submerged plant community is planted at a position with proper water depth in the strengthened pond unit.
Plant units according to embodiments of the invention include emergent aquatic plants, floating leaf plants, and submerged plants. In order to maintain the biological diversity and the efficient organic matter removal capability of wetland plants and N, P removal capability, emergent aquatic plants and submerged plants are planted in a matching way, and in order to be suitable for the growth of different wetland plants, the plants are combined according to requirements, different plant communities are designed in different types of unit structures, the diversity of aquatic plants is enriched, and the ecological benefit and the environmental benefit are realized while the landscape beautifying effect is achieved. For example, submerged plants such as hydrilla verticillata, sowthistle, potamogeton pectinatus and the like are preferably selected to form surface flow wetland unit aquatic plant communities, and the planting density of the submerged plants is 10-20 clusters/m2(ii) a The water body with poor water quality is preferably submerged plants such as hydrilla verticillata, eel algae and the like, the water body with good water quality is preferably submerged plants such as goldfish algae, watermifoil algae and the like, and an ecological floating bed (emergent aquatic plant) is matched to form reinforcementThe planting density of the submerged plants in the pond-shaped unit aquatic plant community is 15-25 clusters/m2The planting density of the ecological floating bed plants is 9-16 plants/m2(ii) a Preferably, emergent aquatic plants such as calamus, rush, cattail, allium mongolicum and the like form submerged wetland unit aquatic plant community reinforced purification COD, and the planting density is 20-30 plants/m2(ii) a Preferably, emergent aquatic plants such as reed, calamus, wild rice, canna, red-knees and the like are selected to form submerged wetland unit aquatic plant community for strengthening and purifying nitrogen, and the planting density is 15-25 plants/m2(ii) a Preferably, emergent aquatic plants such as reed, canna, calamus flavus, cattail, wild rice, calamus and the like form the submerged wetland unit aquatic plant community reinforced purification phosphorus, and the planting density is 15-25 plants/m2(ii) a One or more of the plants are selected according to the use requirements.
The units of the composite functional wetland combination process are combined in a series connection mode, the vertical subsurface flow wetland unit is of an up-flow type, and the vertical subsurface flow wetland unit fully utilizes the intercepting and filtering function and the adsorption performance of a wetland substrate to reduce the concentration of pollutants and protect wetland plants.
And for the water body with poor transparency, the anoxic water body or the water body with large water quality fluctuation, the reinforced pond unit is used for carrying out suspended matter precipitation, oxygenation and water quality regulation.
According to the water quality characteristics (such as containing heavy metals, fluorides, exposure risk factors and other pollutants) of inlet water and the water quality requirements of outlet water, the filling matrix in the embodiment of the invention can be selectively filled with fillers such as activated carbon, activated zeolite, fly ash, slag, volcanic rock, biological ceramsite and the like, and the filling matrix is required to meet the grading requirements. The volcanic rock, the activated zeolite and the biological ceramsite combined matrix with the proportion of 1:1:1 are preferably selected to form a comprehensive purification module for Cu, Hg, fluoride and organochlorine pesticide substances.
The combined process is also provided with a liquid level difference, and the liquid level difference enables water to form self-flow, reduces energy consumption, increases drop aeration oxygenation, improves dissolved oxygen content in the wetland system, promotes the growth of aerobic microorganisms, and improves the degradation capability of organic matters and ammonia nitrogen in the wetland system.
The anoxic or anaerobic environment formed at the lower part of the vertical subsurface wetland unit in the embodiment of the invention is beneficial to nitrogen and phosphorus removal.
The invention adopts the volcanic rock, activated zeolite and biological ceramsite composite matrix with the optimal ratio of 1:1:1, the hydraulic retention time is 1d, and the hydraulic load is 0.467m3/(m2D), under the condition that the concentration of Cu in inlet water is 0.8-10.0mg/L, Hg and the concentration is 8.03-43.0ug/L, the removal rate of Cu and Hg by the three combined processes can be stabilized to be more than 90 percent, and the combined process is optimal and obviously superior to the removal efficiency (70 percent at most) of the conventional wetland (gravel and soil); the hydraulic retention time is 2d, and the hydraulic load is 0.233m3/(m2D), under the conditions that the concentration of the inlet water F is 0.5-2.0mg/L and the concentration of the inlet water chlorpyrifos is 0.5-2.0mg/L, the removal rate of the three combined processes to the F and the chlorpyrifos can be stabilized to be more than 80 percent, and the combined process is optimal, so that the water body safety risk control target can be realized.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "connected," "secured," "screwed" and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the terms may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate, and may be communication between two elements or interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically limited, and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention will be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (9)

1. A composite functional wetland combination process for treating watershed characteristic pollutants comprises an enhanced pond unit, a vertical subsurface flow wetland unit, a horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit, a surface flow wetland unit, a water collecting tank unit and a backflow unit, and is characterized in that the backflow unit is used for improving the emergency handling capacity and the low-temperature stable operation capacity in winter, matrixes are filled in the enhanced pond unit, the vertical subsurface flow wetland unit, the horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit and the surface flow wetland unit, and the backflow unit is used for starting backflow to effectively improve the removal efficiency of pollutants when the pollution load is higher or the low-temperature process efficiency is reduced, and the composite functional wetland combination process comprises the following steps:
the first combination process comprises the following steps: the vertical subsurface flow wetland unit-the horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit-the surface flow wetland unit;
and (2) a second combined process: the method comprises the following steps of (1) strengthening a pond unit, a vertical subsurface flow wetland unit and a horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit;
and (3) a third combined process: the system comprises a horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit, a reinforced pond unit and a horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit.
2. The combined functional wetland combination process for treating the characteristic pollutants in the watershed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reinforced pond unit, the vertical subsurface wetland unit, the horizontal subsurface wetland unit, the surface flow wetland unit and the water collecting tank unit are of modular structures, and the modular structures are made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, PE or PP materials.
3. The combined functional wetland combined process for treating the watershed characteristic pollutants according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical subsurface wetland unit, the horizontal subsurface wetland unit, the surface flow wetland unit and the reinforced pond unit are organically and efficiently integrated, and the purification potential of different wetland types and reinforced ponds is fully exerted through multi-stage series-parallel connection and multi-process combined space structure and function optimization, so that the target pollutants are efficiently removed.
4. The combined wetland combination process for treating watershed characteristic pollutants, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom of the reinforced pond unit is provided with artificial clean water grasses, submerged plants and an aeration device, the artificial clean water grasses are used for allowing microorganisms to adhere and grow and have the functions of allelopathy and algae inhibition, the artificial clean water grasses and the submerged plants are arranged in a crossed manner, and the aeration device increases the dissolved oxygen in the water body through aeration when the dissolved oxygen in the water body is extremely low, so as to improve the purification efficiency.
5. The integrated wetland combination process for remediation of watershed-specific pollutants according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is filled with different target pollutants.
6. The combined functional wetland combined process for treating watershed characteristic pollutants according to claim 1, wherein in the planting aspect of the vertical subsurface wetland unit, the horizontal subsurface wetland unit and the surface flow wetland unit, emergent aquatic plants are mainly selected for planting in a matched manner on the basis of the tolerance of wetland plants to the characteristic pollutants and the filler-plant-microorganism combined action effect and in combination with the purification capability and landscape of a wetland plant system, and a submerged plant community is planted at a position suitable for water depth of the reinforced pond unit.
7. The vertical subsurface flow wetland unit-horizontal subsurface flow wetland unit-surface flow wetland unit of claim 1, wherein the units of the combined functional wetland combination process are combined in series, the vertical subsurface flow wetland unit is of an up-flow type, and the vertical subsurface flow wetland unit makes full use of the intercepting and filtering function and the adsorption performance of a wetland substrate to reduce the concentration of pollutants and protect wetland plants.
8. The enhanced pond unit-vertical subsurface wetland unit-horizontal subsurface wetland unit of claim 1, wherein the enhanced pond unit is used for suspended matter precipitation, oxygenation and water quality regulation of water with poor transparency, anoxic water or water with large water quality fluctuation.
9. The combined functional wetland combined process for treating the watershed characteristic pollutants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the combined process is further provided with a liquid level difference, and the liquid level difference enables water to flow automatically, reduces energy consumption, increases drop aeration oxygenation, improves dissolved oxygen content in a wetland system, promotes growth of aerobic microorganisms, and improves degradation capacity of organic matters and ammonia nitrogen in the wetland system.
CN202010991231.9A 2020-09-20 2020-09-20 Composite functional wetland combination process for treating drainage basin characteristic pollutants Pending CN112047486A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113003728A (en) * 2021-02-07 2021-06-22 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Combined controllable efficient purification constructed wetland system
CN114163074A (en) * 2021-12-03 2022-03-11 南京大学 Method for treating tail water of sewage treatment plant by adopting constructed wetland

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113003728A (en) * 2021-02-07 2021-06-22 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Combined controllable efficient purification constructed wetland system
CN114163074A (en) * 2021-12-03 2022-03-11 南京大学 Method for treating tail water of sewage treatment plant by adopting constructed wetland

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