CN116236532B - Medicinal and edible composition for preventing and/or treating pharyngitis and related diseases, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Medicinal and edible composition for preventing and/or treating pharyngitis and related diseases, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116236532B CN116236532B CN202211691135.8A CN202211691135A CN116236532B CN 116236532 B CN116236532 B CN 116236532B CN 202211691135 A CN202211691135 A CN 202211691135A CN 116236532 B CN116236532 B CN 116236532B
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Abstract
The invention provides a medicinal and edible composition for preventing and/or treating pharyngitis and related diseases, a preparation method and application thereof. The medicinal and edible composition comprises 10 to 25 parts by weight of honeysuckle, 10 to 25 parts by weight of burdock root, 5 to 20 parts by weight of perilla leaf, 5 to 20 parts by weight of platycodon grandiflorum, 5 to 20 parts by weight of hawthorn, 3 to 15 parts by weight of ginseng, 3 to 15 parts by weight of black tea and 0.3 to 2.0 parts by weight of liquorice. The medicinal and edible composition can effectively prevent and/or treat pharyngitis and related diseases through a dietary therapy mode, improves the life quality of patients, and has the advantages of food origin, good effect, low toxicity, low price, easy popularization and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicines, and in particular relates to a medicinal and edible composition for preventing and/or treating pharyngitis and related diseases, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Acute pharyngitis is a common disease of otorhinolaryngology, is an acute inflammation of pharyngeal mucosa and submucosa, is often accompanied with acute rhinitis, acute bronchitis and other acute infectious diseases, and has a certain infectivity. The most important clinical symptoms are pharyngalgia, and the pharyngalgia can be accompanied with corresponding systemic symptoms such as body temperature rise, and the like, mostly caused by rhinovirus, adenovirus, influenza virus and the like, and also can be caused by bacterial infection, and common bacterial infection is commonly seen in streptococcus b hemolyticus and pneumococcus. The clinic mainly uses antibacterial and antiviral treatment, adopts antiviral treatment and symptomatic treatment in early stage, and simultaneously adopts antibiotic treatment when bacterial infection is included.
The long-term use of antibiotics can generate certain drug resistance, and the traditional Chinese medicine focuses on the whole disease, emphasizes the diagnosis and treatment, and can show the treatment advantages of the traditional Chinese medicine. Although the acute pharyngitis does not directly hurt the patient to get ill, the acute pharyngitis brings great influence to the patient in work, study and life, and the incidence of the acute pharyngitis is improved year by year along with further worsening of the environmental problems, so that the acute pharyngitis becomes one of the research hot spots of the vast medical workers at present.
The traditional Chinese medicine has the advantages of preventing and treating respiratory infectious diseases, along with small toxic and side effects. Research shows that the Chinese medicine can inhibit pathogen, prevent respiratory tract infection or reduce symptoms.
The herbal solid beverage is a solid beverage prepared by taking plants which are homologous to medicine and food or allowed to be used in China as main raw materials and adding or not adding other food raw materials and food additives, and the drinking mode is brewing. Compared with other preventive measures such as decoction, fumigation, sachet, tea substitute and the like, the herbal solid beverage has the following advantages: ① The brewing is convenient and quick. The traditional Chinese medicine decoction has long decoction time and the special decoction method of part of medicines is very complicated, and the solid beverage can be drunk only by adding boiling water into the solid beverage by a user, and is convenient to carry. ② Sweet and mild taste. In order to avoid the defect of poor patient compliance caused by the difficulty in swallowing due to bitterness of the traditional Chinese medicine, most of the medicines selected into the solid beverage are sweet and tasty, are easy to accept for people who do not like drinking water, avoid the 'good medicine bitter taste' of the public cognition, and can be drunk and clean the oral cavity.
The traditional Chinese medicine method can effectively reduce misuse and abuse of antibiotics and reduce adverse reactions, so that the life quality of pharyngitis patients is improved, the long-term effect is satisfactory, and the method is worthy of popularization and use in life practice.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at solving the problem that a satisfactory scheme for preventing and/or treating pharyngitis and related diseases is lacking clinically at present, and provides a medicinal and edible composition for preventing and/or treating pharyngitis and related diseases, a preparation method and application thereof. The medicinal and edible composition can effectively prevent and/or treat pharyngitis and related diseases in a dietotherapy mode, and improves the life quality of patients.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by providing the following technical solutions:
In a first aspect, the invention provides a pharmaceutical and edible composition for preventing and/or treating pharyngitis and related diseases, which comprises 10 to 25 parts by weight of honeysuckle, 10 to 25 parts by weight of burdock root, 5 to 20 parts by weight of perilla leaf, 5 to 20 parts by weight of platycodon grandiflorum, 5 to 20 parts by weight of hawthorn, 3 to 15 parts by weight of ginseng, 3 to 15 parts by weight of black tea and 0.3 to 2.0 parts by weight of liquorice.
Preferably, the medicinal and edible composition comprises 15 to 21 parts by weight of honeysuckle, 15 to 21 parts by weight of burdock root, 9 to 15 parts by weight of perilla leaf, 9 to 15 parts by weight of platycodon grandiflorum, 9 to 15 parts by weight of hawthorn, 7 to 13 parts by weight of ginseng, 7 to 13 parts by weight of black tea and 0.7 to 1.3 parts by weight of liquorice.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the medicinal and edible composition comprises 18 parts by weight of honeysuckle, 18 parts by weight of burdock root, 12 parts by weight of perilla leaf, 12 parts by weight of platycodon grandiflorum, 12 parts by weight of hawthorn, 10 parts by weight of ginseng, 10 parts by weight of black tea and 1 part by weight of liquorice.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a food and pharmaceutical product for the prevention and/or treatment of pharyngitis and diseases related thereto, said food and pharmaceutical product or a raw material of said food and pharmaceutical product comprising a food and pharmaceutical composition according to the first aspect of the present invention.
Preferably, the pharmaceutical and/or food homologous product or the starting materials of the pharmaceutical and/or food homologous product further comprise pharmaceutically and/or food acceptable excipients.
Preferably, the pharmaceutically and/or food acceptable auxiliary material is 15 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 17 to 19 parts by weight, more preferably 18 parts by weight.
Preferably, the pharmaceutically and/or food acceptable auxiliary material is selected from one or more of maltodextrin, lactose or corn starch, preferably maltodextrin.
Preferably, the pharmaceutical and food homologous product is a liquid preparation or a solid preparation.
Preferably, the solid formulation is a solid beverage.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a process for preparing a food and pharmaceutical product according to the second aspect of the invention, comprising the steps of:
(1) Preparing an extract of the pharmaceutical and food homologous composition;
(2) Preparing the extracting solution into concentrated solution;
(3) And preparing the concentrated solution into the medicine and food homologous product.
Preferably, the step (1) is achieved by a method comprising the steps of: heating and extracting the medicinal and edible composition with an extracting agent to obtain an extracting solution.
Preferably, the extractant is water.
Preferably, the number of extraction times of the heat extraction is 1 to 3, preferably 2.
Further preferably, the perilla leaf is added at the time of 2 nd extraction.
Further preferably, the heating extraction is carried out at a mass ratio of 1: (8-12), preferably at a mass ratio of 1:10.
Further preferably, the extraction time of either heating extraction is 15 to 30min, preferably 20min.
Further preferably, the extraction temperature of either heating extraction is 90 to 100 ℃, preferably 95 ℃.
Preferably, the step (2) is achieved by a method comprising the steps of: filtering the extract, centrifuging and concentrating to obtain concentrated solution.
Preferably, the rotational speed of the centrifugation is 6000 to 10000rpm, preferably 8000rpm.
Preferably, the centrifugation time is 3 to 8min, preferably 5min.
Preferably, the feed liquid ratio of the concentrated solution is 1:1-4 g/mL, preferably 1:2 g/mL, wherein the feed liquid ratio of the concentrated solution is the ratio of the feed weight of the medicine-food homologous composition to the volume of the concentrated solution.
Preferably, the step (3) is achieved by a method comprising the steps of: optionally adding pharmaceutically and/or food acceptable auxiliary materials into the concentrated solution, and granulating to obtain the medicinal and edible product.
Preferably, the granulating means is one of wet granulating, dry granulating or fluid bed granulating, preferably fluid bed granulating.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the method comprises the steps of:
(1) Respectively taking 18g of honeysuckle, 18g of burdock root, 12g of platycodon root, 12g of hawthorn, 10g of ginseng, 10g of black tea and 1g of liquorice according to the mass ratio of 1:10 adding water, heating to 95 ℃, extracting for 20min, filtering, adding 12g of perilla leaves, and mixing according to a mass ratio of 1:10 adding water, heating to 95deg.C, extracting for 20min, filtering, and mixing the extractive solutions to obtain water extractive solution.
(2) Centrifuging the extract at 8000rpm for 5min, collecting supernatant, and concentrating to obtain feed-liquid ratio of 1:2g/mL to give a concentrate.
(3) And adding 18g of maltodextrin into the concentrated solution to carry out fluidized bed granulation to obtain the medicinal and edible solid beverage.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a medicament for preventing and/or treating pharyngitis and diseases related thereto, which comprises the pharmaceutical and edible composition according to the first aspect of the present invention or the pharmaceutical and edible product according to the second aspect of the present invention, and other pharmaceutically active ingredients for preventing and/or treating pharyngitis and diseases related thereto.
In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides the use of a pharmaceutical and food homologous composition according to the first aspect of the present invention or a pharmaceutical and food homologous product according to the second aspect of the present invention in the manufacture of a medicament for the prevention and/or treatment of F-factor inflammation and related disorders,
Wherein the medicine is the medicine-food homologous composition or the medicine-food homologous product, and other medicine active ingredients for preventing and/or treating pharyngitis and related diseases.
Preferably, the pharyngitis and related diseases are acute pharyngitis and/or chronic pharyngitis.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
1. The inventors of the present invention have unexpectedly found that the pharmaceutical and edible composition for preventing and/or treating pharyngitis and related diseases of the present invention can effectively prevent and/or treat pharyngitis and related diseases of the same through dietary therapy, and improve the quality of life of patients.
2. The medicinal and edible composition has the advantages of good effect, low toxicity, low price, easy popularization and the like, and has the advantages of convenient taking and high taste acceptance when being a solid beverage.
3. According to the preparation method of the medicinal and edible homologous product, provided by the invention, the perilla leaves are added during the second extraction, so that the volatile components in the perilla leaves are effectively reserved, the effect of the medicinal and edible homologous solid beverage can be exerted to a greater extent, the taste of the final medicinal and edible homologous solid beverage is richer, and the flavor is more outstanding.
4. Compared with wet granulation and dry granulation, the method for preparing the solid beverage with homology of medicine and food by adopting the fluidized bed granulation mode has better instant effect.
Drawings
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
FIG. 1 shows the effect of the pharmaceutical and dietetic composition of the invention on pulmonary pathology in rats.
Figure 2 shows the effect of the pharmaceutical and dietetic composition of the invention on rat pharyngeal pathology.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings that are presented to illustrate the invention and not to limit the scope thereof.
Example 1
(1) Respectively taking 18g of honeysuckle, 18g of burdock root, 12g of platycodon root, 12g of hawthorn, 10g of ginseng, 10g of black tea and 1g of liquorice according to the mass ratio of 1:10 adding water, heating to 95 ℃, extracting for 20min, filtering, adding 12g of perilla leaves, and mixing according to a mass ratio of 1:10 adding water, heating to 95deg.C, extracting for 20min, filtering, and mixing the extractive solutions to obtain water extractive solution.
(2) Centrifuging the extract at 8000rpm for 5min, collecting supernatant, and concentrating to obtain feed-liquid ratio of 1:2 (g/mL) to give a concentrate.
(3) And adding 18g of maltodextrin into the concentrated solution to carry out fluidized bed granulation to obtain the medicinal and edible solid beverage.
Example 2
(1) Respectively taking 18g of honeysuckle, 18g of burdock root, 12g of platycodon root, 12g of hawthorn, 10g of ginseng, 10g of black tea and 1g of liquorice according to the mass ratio of 1:10 adding water, heating to 95 ℃, extracting for 20min, filtering, adding 12g of perilla leaves, and mixing according to a mass ratio of 1:12 adding water, heating to 95deg.C, extracting for 20min, filtering, and mixing the extractive solutions to obtain water extractive solution.
(2) Centrifuging the extract at 8000rpm for 5min, collecting supernatant, and concentrating to obtain feed-liquid ratio of 1:2 (g/mL) to give a concentrate.
(3) And adding 18g of maltodextrin into the concentrated solution to carry out fluidized bed granulation to obtain the medicinal and edible solid beverage.
Example 3
(1) Respectively taking 18g of honeysuckle, 18g of burdock root, 12g of platycodon root, 12g of hawthorn, 10g of ginseng, 10g of black tea and 1g of liquorice, adding water according to the mass ratio of 1:10, heating to 95 ℃, extracting for 15min, filtering, adding 12g of perilla leaf according to the mass ratio of 1:10 adding water, heating to 95deg.C, extracting for 15min, filtering, and mixing the extractive solutions to obtain water extractive solution.
(2) Centrifuging the extractive solution at 8000rpm for 5min, collecting supernatant, and concentrating to a feed liquid ratio of 1:4 (g/mL) to obtain concentrated solution.
(3) And adding 18g of maltodextrin into the concentrated solution to carry out fluidized bed granulation to obtain the medicinal and edible solid beverage.
Example 4
(1) Respectively taking 15g of honeysuckle, 15g of burdock root, 9g of platycodon root, 9g of hawthorn, 7g of ginseng, 7g of black tea and 0.7g of liquorice according to the mass ratio of 1:10 adding water, heating to 95 ℃, extracting for 20min, filtering, adding 9g of perilla leaves, and mixing according to a mass ratio of 1:10 adding water, heating to 95deg.C, extracting for 20min, filtering, and mixing the extractive solutions to obtain water extractive solution.
(2) Centrifuging the extractive solution at 8000rpm for 5min, collecting supernatant, and concentrating to a feed liquid ratio of 1:2 (g/mL) to obtain concentrated solution.
(3) And adding 18g of maltodextrin into the concentrated solution to carry out fluidized bed granulation to obtain the medicinal and edible solid beverage.
Example 5
(1) Respectively taking 16g of honeysuckle, 16g of burdock root, 10g of platycodon grandiflorum, 10g of hawthorn, 8g of ginseng, 8g of black tea and 0.8g of liquorice, adding water according to the mass ratio of 1:10, heating to 95 ℃, extracting for 20min, filtering, adding 10g of perilla leaf, adding water according to the mass ratio of 1:10, heating to 95 ℃, extracting for 20min, filtering, and combining the extracting solutions to obtain a water extracting solution.
(2) Centrifuging the extractive solution at 8000rpm for 5min, collecting supernatant, and concentrating to a feed liquid ratio of 1:2 (g/mL) to obtain concentrated solution.
(3) And adding 18g of maltodextrin into the concentrated solution to carry out fluidized bed granulation to obtain the medicinal and edible solid beverage.
Example 6
(1) Respectively taking 17g of honeysuckle, 17g of burdock root, 11g of platycodon root, 11g of hawthorn, 9g of ginseng, 9g of black tea and 0.9g of liquorice, adding water according to the mass ratio of 1:10, heating to 95 ℃, extracting for 20min, filtering, adding 11g of perilla leaf, adding water according to the mass ratio of 1:10, heating to 95 ℃, extracting for 20min, filtering, and combining the extracting solutions to obtain the water extracting solution.
(2) Centrifuging the extractive solution at 8000rpm for 5min, collecting supernatant, and concentrating to a feed liquid ratio of 1:2 (g/mL) to obtain concentrated solution.
(3) And adding 18g of maltodextrin into the concentrated solution to carry out fluidized bed granulation to obtain the medicinal and edible solid beverage.
Example 7
(1) Respectively taking 19g of honeysuckle, 19g of burdock root, 13g of platycodon root, 13g of hawthorn, 11g of ginseng, 11g of black tea and 1.1g of liquorice according to the mass ratio of 1:10 adding water, heating to 95deg.C, extracting for 20min, filtering, adding folium Perillae 13g, adding water according to the mass ratio of 1:10, heating to 95deg.C, extracting for 20min, filtering, and mixing the extractive solutions to obtain water extractive solution.
(2) Centrifuging the extractive solution at 8000rpm for 5min, collecting supernatant, and concentrating to a feed liquid ratio of 1:2 (g/mL) to obtain concentrated solution.
(3) And adding 18g of maltodextrin into the concentrated solution to carry out fluidized bed granulation to obtain the medicinal and edible solid beverage.
Example 8
(1) Respectively taking 20g of honeysuckle, 20g of burdock root, 14g of platycodon grandiflorum, 14g of hawthorn, 12g of ginseng, 12g of black tea and 1.2g of liquorice, adding water according to the mass ratio of 1:10, heating to 95 ℃, extracting for 20min, filtering, adding 14g of perilla leaf, adding water according to the mass ratio of 1:10, heating to 95 ℃, extracting for 20min, filtering, and combining the extracting solutions to obtain a water extracting solution.
(2) Centrifuging the extractive solution at 8000rpm for 5min, collecting supernatant, and concentrating to a feed liquid ratio of 1:2 (g/mL) to obtain concentrated solution.
(3) And adding 18g of maltodextrin into the concentrated solution to carry out fluidized bed granulation to obtain the medicinal and edible solid beverage.
Example 9
(1) Respectively taking 21g of honeysuckle, 21g of burdock root, 15g of platycodon grandiflorum, 15g of hawthorn, 13g of ginseng, 13g of black tea and 1.3g of liquorice, adding water according to the mass ratio of 1:10, heating to 95 ℃, extracting for 20min, filtering, adding 15g of perilla leaf, adding water according to the mass ratio of 1:10, heating to 95 ℃, extracting for 20min, filtering, and combining the extracting solutions to obtain a water extracting solution.
(2) Centrifuging the extractive solution at 8000rpm for 5min, collecting supernatant, and concentrating to a feed liquid ratio of 1:2 (g/mL) to obtain concentrated solution.
(3) And adding 18g of maltodextrin into the concentrated solution to carry out fluidized bed granulation to obtain the medicinal and edible solid beverage.
Example 10
(1) Respectively taking 25g of honeysuckle, 25g of burdock root, 20g of platycodon grandiflorum, 20g of hawthorn, 15g of ginseng, 15g of black tea and 2.0g of liquorice, adding water according to the mass ratio of 1:10, heating to 95 ℃, extracting for 20min, filtering, adding 20g of perilla leaf, adding water according to the mass ratio of 1:10, heating to 95 ℃, extracting for 20min, filtering, and combining the extracting solutions to obtain a water extracting solution.
(2) Centrifuging the extractive solution at 8000rpm for 5min, collecting supernatant, and concentrating to a feed liquid ratio of 1:2 (g/mL) to obtain concentrated solution.
(3) And adding 18g of maltodextrin into the concentrated solution to carry out fluidized bed granulation to obtain the medicinal and edible solid beverage.
Example 11
(1) Respectively taking 10g of honeysuckle, 10g of burdock root, 5g of platycodon root, 5g of hawthorn, 3g of ginseng, 3g of black tea and 0.3g of liquorice according to the mass ratio of 1:10 adding water, heating to 95 ℃, keeping micro-boiling extraction for 20min, filtering, adding 5g of perilla leaves, and mixing according to a mass ratio of 1:10 adding water, heating to 95deg.C, extracting for 20min, filtering, and mixing the extractive solutions to obtain water extractive solution.
(2) Centrifuging the extractive solution at 8000rpm for 5min, collecting supernatant, and concentrating to a feed liquid ratio of 1:2 (g/mL) to obtain concentrated solution.
(3) And adding 18g of maltodextrin into the concentrated solution to carry out fluidized bed granulation to obtain the medicinal and edible solid beverage.
Comparative example 1
(1) Respectively taking 4g of honeysuckle, 4g of burdock root, 4g of platycodon root, 4g of hawthorn, 2g of ginseng, 2g of black tea and 1g of liquorice, adding water according to the mass ratio of 1:10, heating to 95 ℃, extracting for 20min, filtering, adding 4g of perilla leaf, adding water according to the mass ratio of 1:10, heating to 95 ℃, extracting for 20min, filtering, and combining the extracting solutions to obtain the water extracting solution.
(2) Centrifuging the extractive solution at 8000rpm for 5min, collecting supernatant, and concentrating to a feed liquid ratio of 1:2 (g/mL) to obtain concentrated solution.
(3) And adding 18g of maltodextrin into the concentrated solution to carry out fluidized bed granulation to obtain the medicinal and edible solid beverage.
Comparative example 2
(1) Respectively taking 18g of burdock root, 12g of platycodon grandiflorum, 12g of hawthorn, 10g of black tea and 1g of liquorice, adding water according to the mass ratio of 1:10 of feed liquid, heating to 95 ℃, extracting for 20min, filtering, adding 12g of perilla leaf, adding water according to the mass ratio of 1:10 of feed liquid, heating to 95 ℃, extracting for 20min, filtering, and combining the extracting solutions to obtain a water extracting solution.
(2) Centrifuging the extractive solution at 8000rpm for 5min, collecting supernatant, and concentrating to a feed liquid ratio of 1:2 (g/mL) to obtain concentrated solution.
(3) And adding 18g of maltodextrin into the concentrated solution to carry out fluidized bed granulation to obtain the medicinal and edible solid beverage.
Evaluation of pharmacodynamics
The invention evaluates the curative effect of the medicinal and edible composition, and discovers that the medicinal and edible composition has good curative effect on rats with acute pharyngitis. The following are the pharmacodynamic test results obtained for the pharmaceutical and dietetic compositions of the examples.
Test example 1
1. Test materials
Test animals
Animals: male SD rats, 180-220 g, elite/SPF grade, offered by Experimental animal technologies Inc. of Beijing Veitz, with a certification number of SCXK (Beijing) 2021-0006.
Test instrument
A LOW temperature refrigerator (SANYO ULTRA LOW, SANYO corporation, japan); 86-quantity fluid production line 00000115 vernier caliper (Tianjin measuring tool Co.); leica TP 1020 dehydrator (germany); leica RM2016 rotary microtome (germany); a Michael animal full-automatic blood cell analyzer (model: BC-2800 vet).
Test materials
25% Ammonia (lot number: 20201105, tianjin Bohai chemical Co., ltd.), dehydrated ether (20210426, tianjin Bohai chemical Co., ltd.), 4% tissue fixative (20210828, beijing Soy Bao technology Co., ltd.), heparin sodium (125P 0222, beijing Soy Bao technology Co., ltd.), EDTA K2 blood conventional tube (220105, beijing American signal biotechnology Co., ltd.), aspirin enteric coated tablet (Bai Aspirin), RATIL-1. Beta. ELISA KIT (ER 008-96, ictal biosciences (Tai bin), RATTNF-. Alpha. ELISA KIT (ER 006-96, ictal biosciences (Tai bin), RAT-6 ELISA KIT (ER 003-96, ictal biosciences (Tai bin)).
2. Test method
2.1 Test animals and groups
Male SD rats were routinely adaptively bred for one week, and were fully randomized in layers by body weight. Blank (control), model (model), positive control aspirin (9 mg/kg), example and comparative dosing (0.08 g/kg), 6 in each group, each group entered the experiment at the same time. Animals were labeled with picric acid.
2.2 Intraperitoneal injection and lavage of test animals
Rats except for the blank group were coated with 15% ammonia water for 10 seconds on the throat of the rats using a cotton swab, and the blank group rats were coated with drinking water once in the morning and afternoon for three consecutive days. After the model is completed, the groups are subjected to gastric lavage administration according to the corresponding doses, and the stomach is continuously irrigated for 5 days. Daily record rat activity status, drinking water, diet frequency and pharyngeal condition.
2.3 Test animal Material
Two hours after the 5 th day of administration, rats were anesthetized with diethyl ether for fundus puncture blood collection, and the rat pharyngeal and right lung upper lobe tissues were fixed for HE staining observation.
2.4 Observations index
2.4.1 Routine blood detection
After the rats were anesthetized with diethyl ether and subjected to fundus puncture to obtain blood into a blood vessel, the blood samples were detected using a merry-go-round full-automatic blood cell analyzer.
2.4.2 Detection of inflammatory factors
The rats were anesthetized with diethyl ether for fundus puncture to obtain blood, and after centrifugation at 3000rpm for 10 minutes, serum was collected, and IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF- α levels in the serum were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the operations were performed according to the kit instructions, with an ELISA machine for measuring each index at 450nm absorbance.
2.4.3 Throat and pulmonary histopathological morphology- -H & E staining
Placing pharyngeal and right lung upper leaf tissue in formaldehyde fixing solution for fixing for 48h, wherein the formaldehyde fixing solution is not less than 10 times of the sample in volume; during the fixing period, the container is continuously and gently shaken to facilitate the penetration of the fixing liquid; after the pharyngeal and pulmonary tissues are fixed for 48 hours, the fixing liquid is discarded and the tissues are taken out; placing the tissue into an embedding frame, and washing out the fixing solution and the sediment which are not combined with the tissue by using PBS; and then the fixed tissue is dehydrated by a dehydrator, and the dehydration program is set as follows: 70% ethanol 3h,80% ethanol 2h,95% ethanol I50 min,95% ethanol II 50min, absolute ethanol I50 min, absolute ethanol II 50min, xylene: ethanol (1:1) for 20min, xylene I for 10min, xylene II for 10min, paraffin I (48-50 ℃) for 1h, paraffin II (54-56 ℃) for 1h, paraffin III (58-60 ℃) for 1h, then rapidly injecting the tissue into an embedding mould by embedding wax (58-60 ℃) and cutting the embedded tissue block into slices with the thickness of 7 mu m by a paraffin microtome; placing the cut slice in warm water, spreading, taking out the slice with polylysine glass slide, attaching the slice on the slice, airing the slice, and baking the slice by a slice baking machine to firmly attach the slice; h & E staining: the tissue slice is sealed by neutral resin after being dyed by hematoxylin dye solution and eosin dye solution; the pathological changes of the pharyngeal and upper right lung leaf tissues were observed under the light microscope.
3. Test results
3.1 Effect of the medicinal and edible composition on the apparent behavior of rats with acute pharyngitis
The ammonia water is smeared on the pharyngeal portion of the first day, the phenomena of neck scratching, hair falling off of the lower jaw, increased drinking frequency, dyspnea and the like appear in the rat gradually, and the phenomena of whitening of the pharyngeal epidermis, narrowing of the inner diameter and the like are observed in the pharyngeal portion of the rat. The control rats did not develop this phenomenon. Compared with the rats in the model group, the symptoms of the rats are improved to different degrees after the administration of the aspirin group and the pharmaceutical and edible composition group is finished, and the specific results are shown in the following indexes.
3.2 Effect of medicinal and edible composition on conventional index of acute pharyngitis rat blood
Compared with the control group, the white blood cell number, the lymphocyte number, the monocyte number and the neutrophil number of the rats in the model group are obviously increased, and the aspirin group and the medicine and food homologous composition group are obviously reduced. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 influence of the pharmaceutical and food homologous composition on the blood routine index of rats with acute pharyngitis
*p＜0.05,** P < 0.01 compared to model set.
3.3 Effect of the pharmaceutical and edible composition on the levels of TNF- α, IL-6, IL-1. Beta. In rats with acute pharyngitis
Compared with the control group, the levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-1 beta of the rats in the model group are obviously increased, and the levels of the aspirin group and the medicinal and edible composition group are obviously reduced. The results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Effect of the food and drug homologous compositions on the levels of TNF- α, IL-6, IL-1β in rats with acute pharyngitis
*p＜0.05,** P < 0.01 compared to model set.
3.4 Effect of the medicinal and edible composition on the pharyngeal and pulmonary tissue Structure of rats with acute pharyngitis
As can be seen from FIG. 1, the control group rats had the pulmonary alveoli with the blood capillaries not filled, the pulmonary alveoli were of normal size and number, and the model group rats had the pulmonary alveoli ruptured and the shrinkage evident, and the blood capillaries were filled significantly, compared with the control group. The aspirin group rats had reduced alveolar rupture, but the alveolar collapse was not significantly improved. The medicinal and edible composition obviously improves the phenomenon of alveolar rupture and shrinkage of rats.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the pharyngeal tissue structure of the rats in the control group is complete, the demarcation of each layer is clear, the mucous membrane epithelium is not keratinized and spike-shaped changed, and the lamina propria is not infiltrated by inflammatory cells, vasodilation, fibrous tissue hyperplasia and gland hypertrophy. Rats in the model group showed significant shedding, tissue proliferation, inflammatory cell infiltration, and congestion. The damage such as the shedding, the tissue proliferation, the inflammatory cell infiltration, the congestion and the like of the rat in the aspirin group are obviously improved, the phenomena of edema, proliferation and congestion of the pharyngeal tissue of the rat are also obviously improved by the medicinal and edible composition, and the epidermal cells are repaired.
The above description is only a few exemplary embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. While the invention has been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Any equivalent or equivalent embodiments obtained by making some variations or modifications with the technical content disclosed above fall within the scope of the present invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (36)
1. A composition for preventing and/or treating pharyngitis, which consists of the following components: 10 to 25 parts of honeysuckle, 10 to 25 parts of burdock root, 5 to 20 parts of perilla leaf, 5 to 20 parts of platycodon root, 5 to 20 parts of hawthorn, 3 to 15 parts of ginseng, 3 to 15 parts of black tea and 0.3 to 2.0 parts of liquorice.
2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition consists of: 15 to 21 parts of honeysuckle, 15 to 21 parts of burdock root, 9 to 15 parts of perilla leaf, 9 to 15 parts of platycodon root, 9 to 15 parts of hawthorn, 7 to 13 parts of ginseng, 7 to 13 parts of black tea and 0.7 to 1.3 parts of liquorice.
3. Composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the composition consists of: 18 parts of honeysuckle, 18 parts of burdock root, 12 parts of perilla leaf, 12 parts of platycodon grandiflorum, 12 parts of hawthorn, 10 parts of ginseng, 10 parts of black tea and 1 part of liquorice.
4. A product for the prevention and/or treatment of pharyngitis, said product or a raw material of said product consisting of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. A product for the prevention and/or treatment of pharyngitis, said product or a raw material for said product consisting of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and pharmaceutically and/or food acceptable excipients.
6. The product according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the pharmaceutically and/or food acceptable auxiliary material is 15-20 parts by weight.
7. The product according to claim 6, wherein the pharmaceutically and/or food acceptable auxiliary material is 17-19 parts by weight.
8. The product according to claim 7, wherein the pharmaceutically and/or food acceptable auxiliary material is 18 parts by weight.
9. The product according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the pharmaceutically and/or food acceptable excipients are selected from one or more of maltodextrin, lactose or corn starch.
10. The product according to claim 9, wherein the pharmaceutically and/or food acceptable adjuvant is maltodextrin.
11. The product according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the product is a liquid formulation or a solid formulation.
12. The product of claim 11, wherein the solid formulation is a solid beverage.
13. A process for preparing a product according to any one of claims 4 to 12, comprising the steps of:
(1) Preparing an extract of the composition;
(2) Preparing the extracting solution into concentrated solution;
(3) Preparing the concentrate into the product.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein step (1) is accomplished by a method comprising the steps of: heating and extracting the composition with extractant to obtain extractive solution.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the extractant is water.
16. The method according to claim 14, wherein the number of extraction times of the heat extraction is 1 to 3.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the number of extractions of the heat extraction is 2.
18. The method of claim 16, wherein the perilla leaf is added at the time of 2 nd extraction.
19. The method according to claim 16, wherein any one of the heating extraction is performed at a mass ratio of 1 (8-12).
20. The method of claim 19, wherein either heating extraction is performed at a feed liquid mass ratio of 1:10.
21. The method of claim 16, wherein the extraction time of any one heat extraction is 15 to 30 minutes.
22. The method of claim 21, wherein the extraction time of any one heat extraction is 20min.
23. The method according to claim 16, wherein the extraction temperature of any one of the heat extraction is 90 to 100 ℃.
24. The method of claim 23, wherein the extraction temperature of either heat extraction is 95 ℃.
25. The method of claim 13, wherein step (2) is accomplished by a method comprising the steps of: filtering the extract, centrifuging and concentrating to obtain concentrated solution.
26. The method of claim 25, wherein the rotational speed of the centrifugation is 6000 to 10000rpm.
27. The method of claim 26, wherein the rotational speed of the centrifugation is 8000rpm.
28. The method of claim 25, wherein the centrifugation is for a period of 3 to 8 minutes.
29. The method of claim 28, wherein the centrifugation is for a period of 5 minutes.
30. The method of claim 13, wherein the concentrate has a feed ratio of 1 (1-4) g/mL, the concentrate having a feed weight to concentrate volume ratio of the composition.
31. The method of claim 30, wherein the concentrate has a feed to liquid ratio of 1:2g/mL.
32. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 31, wherein step (3) is achieved by a method comprising the steps of: optionally adding pharmaceutically and/or food acceptable auxiliary materials into the concentrated solution, and granulating to obtain the product.
33. The method of claim 32, wherein the granulating is one of wet granulating, dry granulating, or fluid bed granulating.
34. The method of claim 33, wherein the granulating is by fluid bed granulation.
35. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or a product according to any one of claims 4 to 12 in the manufacture of a medicament for the prevention and/or treatment of pharyngitis.
36. The use according to claim 35, wherein the pharyngitis is acute pharyngitis and/or chronic pharyngitis.
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