CN1162351A - 隔热体 - Google Patents

隔热体 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1162351A
CN1162351A CN95195986A CN95195986A CN1162351A CN 1162351 A CN1162351 A CN 1162351A CN 95195986 A CN95195986 A CN 95195986A CN 95195986 A CN95195986 A CN 95195986A CN 1162351 A CN1162351 A CN 1162351A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
insulator
thin slice
plastic foam
foam material
porous material
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Granted
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CN95195986A
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English (en)
Other versions
CN1047835C (zh
Inventor
K·W·迪特里希
H·托马斯
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Bayer AG
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Bayer AG
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=25941668&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=CN1162351(A) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority claimed from DE19510767A external-priority patent/DE19510767A1/de
Application filed by Bayer AG filed Critical Bayer AG
Publication of CN1162351A publication Critical patent/CN1162351A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1047835C publication Critical patent/CN1047835C/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/06—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/04—Arrangements using dry fillers, e.g. using slag wool which is added to the object to be insulated by pouring, spreading, spraying or the like
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23—Sheet including cover or casing
    • Y10T428/231—Filled with gas other than air; or under vacuum
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23—Sheet including cover or casing
    • Y10T428/233—Foamed or expanded material encased
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23—Sheet including cover or casing
    • Y10T428/239—Complete cover or casing

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • Bipolar Transistors (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种隔热体，包括a)磨成粉末的硬质泡沫塑料材料和任选的一种无机多孔材料，以及b)一种覆盖构件a)的薄片，其中覆盖构件a)的薄片被抽真空并随之密封。

Description

隔热体
人们已知的隔热体(真空板)，是用多孔材料和将其完全覆盖的不透气薄片制成，多孔材料抽成真空形成“空洞”。然而，多孔材料可以是膨胀的疏松材料，也可以是硬质泡沫材料组成。通常薄片由几层组合而成，各层具有不同的功能，例如对不同气体的扩散屏障和机械补强。
多数市场上买得到的真空板具有一个无机疏松材料芯，一般这个芯以硅酸盐为主。
EP-B-188 806描述了以聚氨酯(PUR)为主的硬质泡沫材料作真空板填充材料的情况。因为聚氨酯硬质泡沫材料以闭孔为主，这种工艺存在的问题是，要获得必须的开孔泡沫结构，需精选配方并遵守确定的工艺参数。当用聚氨酯硬质泡沫材料作支撑材料制备真空板时，存在其他例如胺、发泡剂以及可能的单体等易挥发组分的去除问题。
另一方面，硬质聚氨酯泡沫材料与多孔无机疏松材料相比具有一个优点，就是用其制成的真空板具有精确的尺寸，以及尺寸稳定性。
人们意外的发现，现在已经找到了能够经济的生产用于真空板优秀支撑材料的方法，即通过磨碎硬质泡沫材料生产多孔疏松材料并加工该疏松材料-类似于多孔硅酸盐疏松材料-制成真空板。在这一点上，优选使用的硬质发泡材料来自回收有价值的物质，特别优选的是来自回收的冷冻设备上的聚氨酯泡沫材料。
本发明因此涉及的隔热体包括
a)磨成粉末的硬质泡沫塑料材料和任选的一种无机多孔材料，以及
b)一种覆盖构件a)的薄片
其中覆盖构件a)的薄片被抽成真空并随之密封。
根据本发明，优选的是
被磨碎的泡沫塑料材料是聚氨酯泡沫材料，该材料优选来自于回收旧冷冻设备过程，
泡沫塑料材料粉末颗粒尺寸从0.01mm至1mm，
用薄片覆盖以前，在任选的低压下，加热到温度为50至250℃，优选温度为120至200℃，将易挥发组分从泡沫塑料材料中除去，
用薄片覆盖之前，泡沫塑料材料粉末的预压压力在0.5至5巴之间，优选地在1至3巴之间，
用来覆盖的多层薄片，优选聚乙烯/铝片或者聚乙烯/聚乙烯醇片。
多孔硅酸盐用作无机多孔材料。
所有已知的用于市售真空板生产的薄片，例如复合片，都能用在根据本发明生产的真空板产品上。例如：聚乙烯片与聚乙烯醇片复合片或聚乙烯片与铝片复合片。理论上说，所有硬质泡沫塑料材料均适合作泡沫材料用于本发明。硬质聚氨酯泡沫材料是优选的。即使用于真空板的薄片已经具有高不透气性，然而它们不能形成对气体或蒸汽的屏蔽。特别是，当水蒸汽渗入时，对真空度产生不利影响并因此影响真空板的热绝缘性质。为了防止这种情况，根据本发明，吸附蒸汽的物质，象那些以硅酸盐或氧化铝为主要成分的物质，可掺入使用，重量百分含量从10至90％，优选地从20至50％。
根据本发明，硬质泡沫材料通过碾磨能够有效的磨碎；如果必要的话，较大片的泡沫材料也容易轧碎。
根据本发明，能够控制空隙率精细度，控制方法是首先通过磨碎过程的密度，其次通过被磨碎泡沫材料孔结构精度。
根据本发明，在压力是0.5至5巴，优选压力是1至3巴时预压该泡沫材料粉末是有益的，压制件随后加工制成真空板。
根据本发明，优选的将多孔硅酸盐用作任选使用的无线多孔材料，任选掺入使用的无机多孔材料其重量百分含量在0.1至80％之间，优选地在20至50％之间，以磨成粉末的硬质泡沫材料为计算基准。
应用实施例
取聚氨酯硬质泡沫粉末1000g-其来自粉碎旧冷冻器具中使用过的泡沫材料-在2.5巴压力下预压。得到的压制件厚度大约2cm，在100℃时干燥2小时后切成面积为40×40cm的成品，随后用由几层组成的薄片覆盖，覆盖片：
聚乙烯/聚乙烯醇/聚乙烯。
这样获得的用聚氨酯粉末填充的“袋”抽真空，至压力降到0.001巴。在真空下将薄片的边缘熔接。得到的该真空板传热参数λ为10mW/°Km。

Claims (7)

1.一种隔热体，包括
a)磨成粉末的硬质泡沫塑料材料和任选的一种无机多孔材料，以及
b)一种覆盖构件a)的薄片，
其中覆盖构件a)的薄片被抽真空并随之密封。
2.根据权利要求1的隔热体，其特征在于被磨碎的泡沫塑料材料是硬质聚氨酯泡沫材料。
3.根据权利要求1至2的隔热体，其特征在于泡沫塑料材料粉末具有0.01mm至1mm的颗粒尺寸。
4.根据权利要求1至3的隔热体，其特征在于用薄片覆盖以前，任选地在低压下，加热到温度为50至250℃，优选温度为120至200℃，使易挥发组分从泡沫塑料材料中除去。
5.根据权利要求1至4的隔热体，其特征在于泡沫塑料材料粉末预压压力在0.5至5巴之间，优选地在1至3巴之间。
6.根据权利要求1至5的隔热体，其特征在于用作覆盖片的多层薄片，优选聚乙烯/铝薄片或者聚乙烯/聚乙烯醇薄片。
7.根据权利要求1至6的隔热体，其特征在于多孔硅酸盐用作无机多孔材料。
CN95195986A 1994-11-04 1995-10-26 隔热体 Expired - Fee Related CN1047835C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP4439331.8 1994-11-04
DE4439331 1994-11-04
DE19510767A DE19510767A1 (de) 1994-11-04 1995-03-24 Wärmeisolierender Körper
DE19510767.5 1995-03-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1162351A true CN1162351A (zh) 1997-10-15
CN1047835C CN1047835C (zh) 1999-12-29

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ID=25941668

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN95195986A Expired - Fee Related CN1047835C (zh) 1994-11-04 1995-10-26 隔热体

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US6143389A (zh)
EP (1) EP0791155B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH10508364A (zh)
CN (1) CN1047835C (zh)
AT (1) ATE167924T1 (zh)
BR (1) BR9509549A (zh)
CA (1) CA2203422C (zh)
CZ (1) CZ125597A3 (zh)
ES (1) ES2117881T3 (zh)
HR (1) HRP950541B1 (zh)
HU (1) HU220365B (zh)
MX (1) MX9702802A (zh)
PL (1) PL181643B1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2156914C2 (zh)
WO (1) WO1996014538A1 (zh)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100430209C (zh) * 2001-12-27 2008-11-05 工程吸气公司 制造筒形热绝缘真空板的方法及用该方法获得的板
CN101349375B (zh) * 2007-08-17 2012-12-12 上海海事大学 一种用于热水器的真空绝热板及其制备方法
CN107208417A (zh) * 2014-11-28 2017-09-26 圣戈班伊索福公司 隔热套件和系统及其安装方法

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JPS6017196B2 (ja) * 1978-01-23 1985-05-01 株式会社日立製作所 固体撮像素子
KR100825130B1 (ko) * 2001-07-06 2008-04-24 어플라이드 머티어리얼스, 인코포레이티드 금속 에칭 공정 동안 플라즈마 에칭 챔버내에서 파티클을감소시키는 방법
EP2526160A1 (en) * 2010-01-19 2012-11-28 Huntsman International LLC Materials comprising a matrix and process for preparing them
DE102015008157A1 (de) * 2014-11-27 2016-06-02 Liebherr-Hausgeräte Lienz Gmbh Vakuumdämmkörper
UA120951C2 (uk) 2017-07-06 2020-03-10 Іван Георгійович Рабізо Термовкладиш для транспортування вантажів

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US4492725A (en) * 1982-07-20 1985-01-08 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Composite thermal insulator
EP0132477B1 (fr) * 1983-07-29 1986-08-27 René Delluc Enceinte tubulaire à vide pour panneaux d'isolation thermique et acoustique
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DE4141524C1 (en) * 1991-12-17 1993-05-06 Mario O-9560 Zwickau De Reinhold Fibre material for internal building panels insulation, etc. - comprises material including recycled material, which can be reduced into fibres and binding agent
US5273801A (en) * 1991-12-31 1993-12-28 Whirlpool Corporation Thermoformed vacuum insulation container
DE4306447C2 (de) * 1992-03-30 1996-11-28 Hecker & Krosch Gmbh & Co Kg Recycling-Verfahren für Polyurethan-Hartschaum
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100430209C (zh) * 2001-12-27 2008-11-05 工程吸气公司 制造筒形热绝缘真空板的方法及用该方法获得的板
CN101349375B (zh) * 2007-08-17 2012-12-12 上海海事大学 一种用于热水器的真空绝热板及其制备方法
CN107208417A (zh) * 2014-11-28 2017-09-26 圣戈班伊索福公司 隔热套件和系统及其安装方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL319967A1 (en) 1997-09-01
WO1996014538A1 (de) 1996-05-17
EP0791155A1 (de) 1997-08-27
HU220365B (hu) 2001-12-28
PL181643B1 (en) 2001-08-31
JPH10508364A (ja) 1998-08-18
HRP950541B1 (en) 2000-06-30
EP0791155B1 (de) 1998-07-01
CA2203422C (en) 2005-09-20
US6143389A (en) 2000-11-07
HUT77189A (hu) 1998-03-02
ES2117881T3 (es) 1998-08-16
CA2203422A1 (en) 1996-05-17
HRP950541A2 (en) 1997-04-30
MX9702802A (es) 1997-06-28
CZ125597A3 (en) 1997-08-13
ATE167924T1 (de) 1998-07-15
CN1047835C (zh) 1999-12-29
RU2156914C2 (ru) 2000-09-27
BR9509549A (pt) 1997-09-16

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