CN116220680A - Stability control method for rock burst roadway coal pillar - Google Patents
Stability control method for rock burst roadway coal pillar Download PDFInfo
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- CN116220680A CN116220680A CN202310127552.8A CN202310127552A CN116220680A CN 116220680 A CN116220680 A CN 116220680A CN 202310127552 A CN202310127552 A CN 202310127552A CN 116220680 A CN116220680 A CN 116220680A
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
- E21C37/06—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole
- E21C37/12—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole by injecting into the borehole a liquid, either initially at high pressure or subsequently subjected to high pressure, e.g. by pulses, by explosive cartridges acting on the liquid
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, and provides a stability control method of a rock burst roadway coal pillar, which comprises the following steps: determining the position of a pressure relief drilling hole, and determining the punching position of the pressure relief drilling hole of the roadway coal pillar according to the field stress test result; excavating a drilling site, wherein the drilling site is excavated in front of or beside a roadway coal pillar; drilling pressure relief drilling holes, and drilling the pressure relief drilling holes along the parallel direction of the roadway at the drilling position through a directional drilling machine positioned in a drilling site; fracturing the pressure relief drilling hole, and fracturing the pressure relief drilling hole in a back-off hydraulic fracturing mode. The position of the pressure relief drilling hole of the roadway coal pillar is determined according to the field stress test result, the pressure relief effect can be improved by utilizing the hydraulic fracturing mode, the interference of the pressure relief on the support is eliminated, the drilling and fracturing composite pressure relief effect is exerted, the pressure relief effect is greatly improved, the damage of the coal pillar load and the drilling pressure relief on the coal rock mass in the support area is reduced, the contradiction between the pressure relief of the rock burst roadway coal pillar and the support is solved, and the stability of the roadway coal pillar is effectively ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a stability control method for a rock burst roadway coal pillar.
Background
Under the influence of working face stoping, the rock burst roadway protection coal pillar is subjected to the concentrated action of lateral supporting stress, so that a large amount of elastic energy in the coal pillar is gathered, and impact damage and instability of a coal body are caused. In order to improve the stability of coal pillars of rock burst roadways, drilling pressure relief and anchor bolt support are commonly controlled.
When the rock burst roadway coal pillar adopts the pressure relief and the anchor rod or the anchor cable for supporting, the pressure relief and the supporting are mutually interfered as the pressure relief and the anchor rod or the anchor cable are implemented in the coal pillar. When the traditional drilling is adopted for pressure relief, the pressure relief holes are arranged in parallel with the anchor rods or anchor ropes, although the drilling provides deformation damage space for surrounding coal bodies, and the accumulation of coal energy is reduced. However, due to the limited pore diameter of the drilling holes, the pore walls are difficult to collapse in time under the condition of hard coal, and the pressure relief effect is limited; and the drill holes are arranged parallel to the anchor rods or the anchor cables, the drill holes can damage the coal bodies in the anchor rods or the anchor cable supporting areas, the coal bodies behind and around the anchor rods or the anchor cable supporting plates are loosened, damaged and dropped under the impact action, the supporting plates cannot be clung to the coal walls, the integrity of the coal bodies in the supporting areas is accelerated to be damaged, the anchor rods or the anchor cable supporting systems are caused to be invalid, and the coal pillars are instable and damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a stability control method of rock burst roadway coal pillars, which is used for solving the problems that the traditional drilling pressure relief aperture is limited and the pressure relief effect is not obvious in the prior art; and the drill holes are arranged parallel to the anchor rods or the anchor cables, under the long-term impact action, the drill holes induce and accelerate to damage the integrity of the coal body in the supporting area, so that the anchor rods or the anchor cable supporting system is caused to fail, and the coal pillar is caused to be unstable and damaged.
The invention provides a stability control method of a rock burst roadway coal pillar, which comprises the following steps:
determining the position of a pressure relief drilling hole, and determining the punching position of the pressure relief drilling hole of the roadway coal pillar according to the field stress test result;
excavating a drilling site, wherein the drilling site is excavated in front of or beside the roadway coal pillar;
drilling the pressure relief drilling hole, and drilling the pressure relief drilling hole along the parallel direction of a roadway at the punching position through a directional drilling machine positioned in the drilling field;
and fracturing the pressure relief drilling hole by adopting a mode of back hydraulic fracturing.
According to the stability control method for the rock burst roadway coal pillar, the two sides of the roadway coal pillar are supported by the anchor rods or the anchor cables.
According to the stability control method for the rock burst roadway coal pillar provided by the invention, the determination of the position of the pressure relief drilling hole comprises the following steps:
measuring stress values of different depths in the width direction of the roadway coal pillar;
determining a stress peak area of the roadway coal column;
and setting the punching position in the stress peak area.
According to the stability control method for the rock burst roadway coal pillar, provided by the invention, the stress values of different depths in the width direction of the roadway coal pillar are measured, and the method comprises the following steps:
at least two groups of drilling holes with different depths are respectively arranged at the positions of the roadway coal pillars close to the first stoping roadway and the second stoping roadway in the stoping initial stage of the first working surface and the second working surface;
and arranging stress meters in the drilling holes, and detecting stress values of the bottom positions of the drilling holes by the stress meters.
The invention provides a stability control method for a rock burst roadway coal pillar, which further comprises the following steps:
and reinforcing the broken coal body at the collapsed position of the pressure relief drilling hole along the direction perpendicular to the pressure relief drilling hole.
According to the stability control method for the rock burst roadway coal pillar, when the punching position coincides with or is close to the anchor rod position on the roadway coal pillar, the punching position is adjusted to the middle position of two adjacent vertical anchor rods or anchor cables.
According to the stability control method for the rock burst roadway coal pillar, provided by the invention, the pressure relief drilling hole is subjected to fracturing in a back-off hydraulic fracturing mode, and the method comprises the following steps:
the hole packer is sent to a fracturing position through a water injection rod of the hydraulic fracturing device;
injecting water into the hole packer through a high-pressure pump of the hydraulic fracturing device to realize hole sealing;
and injecting water to the fracturing position through the water injection rod and the hole of the hole packer, so that a fracture network is formed by the coal at the fracturing position.
According to the stability control method for the rock burst roadway coal pillar, provided by the invention, a plurality of fracturing positions are arranged on the roadway coal pillar along the direction of the pressure relief drilling hole, and the fracturing positions are sequentially fractured along the direction from the tail end to the head end of the pressure relief drilling hole.
According to the stability control method for the rock burst roadway coal pillar, which is provided by the invention, broken coal bodies at the collapse position of the pressure relief drilling hole are reinforced along the direction perpendicular to the pressure relief drilling hole, and the stability control method comprises the following steps:
the drill rod of the directional drilling machine retreats away from the hole collapse position;
a grouting hole is drilled along the direction perpendicular to the pressure relief drilling hole, and the depth of the grouting hole is from the coal wall to the crushing area;
and injecting a reinforcing agent into the grouting holes.
According to the stability control method for the rock burst roadway coal pillar, when the stress peak value area of the roadway coal pillar during stoping of the first working face is overlapped with the stress peak value area of the roadway coal pillar during stoping of the second working face, the pressure relief drilling hole is arranged on the roadway coal pillar.
According to the stability control method for the rock burst roadway coal pillars, the positions of pressure relief drilling holes of the roadway coal pillars are determined according to the field stress test result, the pressure relief drilling holes are scientifically and reasonably arranged, the pressure relief effect can be improved by utilizing a hydraulic fracturing mode, the interference of pressure relief on supporting is eliminated, the composite pressure relief effect of drilling holes and fracturing is fully exerted, the timely and full pressure relief is realized, the pressure relief effect is greatly improved, the load of the coal pillars is reduced, the damage of the drilling pressure relief on coal rock mass in supporting areas is reduced, the contradiction between the pressure relief of the rock burst roadway coal pillars and supporting is solved, and the stability of the roadway coal pillars is effectively ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of a pressure relief drilling arrangement provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a roadway coal pillar provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a hydraulic fracturing device provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a hole packer provided by the invention;
fig. 5 is a flow chart of a method for controlling the stability of coal pillars in rock burst roadway provided by the invention.
Reference numerals:
1. roadway coal pillars; 2. a first work surface; 3. a second work surface;
4. a first roadway; 5. a second roadway; 6. a bolt;
7. a first pressure relief borehole; 8. a second pressure relief borehole; 9. a crushing zone;
10. a fracturing location; 11. Drilling sites; 12. A water injection device;
13. a water injection rod; 14. A hole packer; 15. An eyelet;
16. grouting holes; 17. a first curve; 18. a second curve.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The method for controlling the stability of the rock burst roadway coal pillar according to the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 5.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 5, the method for controlling the stability of the rock burst roadway coal pillar provided by the invention can comprise the following steps:
determining the position of a pressure relief drilling hole, and determining the punching position of the pressure relief drilling hole of the roadway coal pillar 1 according to the field stress test result;
excavating a drilling site 11, and excavating the drilling site 11 in front of or beside the roadway coal pillar 1;
drilling pressure relief drilling holes, wherein the pressure relief drilling holes are drilled in the parallel direction of the roadway at the punching position through a directional drilling machine positioned in a drilling site 11;
fracturing the pressure relief drilling hole, and fracturing the pressure relief drilling hole in a back-off hydraulic fracturing mode.
The device is arranged in such a way, the positions of the pressure relief holes of the roadway coal pillars 1 are determined according to the field stress test result, the pressure relief holes are scientifically and reasonably arranged, the pressure relief effect can be improved by utilizing a hydraulic fracturing mode, the interference of the pressure relief to the support is eliminated, the drilling and fracturing combined pressure relief effect is fully exerted, the timely and full pressure relief is realized, the pressure relief effect is greatly improved, the coal pillar load is reduced, the damage of the drilling pressure relief to coal and rock mass in the support area is reduced, the contradiction between the pressure relief and the support of the rock burst roadway protection coal pillars is solved, and the stability of the roadway coal pillars 1 is effectively ensured.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the two sides of the roadway coal pillar 1 are supported by anchor rods 6 or anchor cables. Therefore, the impact resistance of the roadway coal pillar 1 can be improved, the effective cooperative control of the shotcrete roadway two-side support and pressure relief is realized, and the stability of the roadway coal pillar 1 is ensured.
In this embodiment, the pressure relief drilling holes are arranged perpendicular to the anchor rods 6 or the anchor cables, so that damage of drilling holes to coal and rock mass in the supporting area due to pressure relief can be reduced.
Here, both sides of the roadway coal pillar 1 may be supported by high prestress strong bolts 6 to improve the integrity, strength and impact resistance of the bolt support system.
It should be noted that, the arrangement parameters of the anchor rods 6 may be determined according to the geological conditions, mining stress, geological structure, and other conditions of the first recovery roadway and the second recovery roadway located at both sides of the roadway coal pillar 1.
Specifically, the anchor rod 6 can be an anchor rod with high strength, high toughness and impact resistance, the diameter of the anchor rod 6 can be 20-22mm, the yield strength of the anchor rod 6 is not lower than 500MPa, and the pretightening force of the anchor rod 6 is not lower than 30% -60% of the yield load of the rod body. The anchor rod 6 adopts prestress full-length anchoring, the length of an anchoring section exceeds 90% of the length of an anchoring hole during full-length anchoring, and the pretightening torque or pretightening force of the anchor rod 6 is applied before the anchoring agent is completely solidified.
The anchor cable can adopt steel strands with the diameter not less than 22mm, the breaking force of the anchor cable is not less than 530kN, and the pretightening force of the anchor cable is not less than 50% of the breaking force.
In an alternative embodiment, when the punching position coincides with or is close to the position of the anchor rods 6 on the roadway coal pillar 1, the punching position is adjusted to the middle position of two adjacent vertical anchor rods 6 or anchor cables.
In this way, the interference between the pressure relief drilling and the anchor rod 6 or the anchor cable can be avoided, and the interference between the pressure relief drilling and the support can be further avoided.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, determining the location of the pressure relief borehole may include:
measuring stress values of different depths in the width direction of the roadway coal pillar 1;
determining a stress peak area of the roadway coal pillar 1;
and setting punching positions in the stress peak area.
In an alternative embodiment, measuring stress values of different depths in the width direction of the roadway coal pillar 1 may include:
at least two groups of drilling holes with different depths are respectively arranged at the positions of the roadway coal pillar 1 close to the first stoping roadway and the second stoping roadway in the stoping initial stage of the first working surface 2 and the second working surface 3;
and arranging stress meters in each drilling hole, and detecting the stress value of the bottom position of each drilling hole by each stress meter.
In this way, the stress values of the roadway coal pillars 1 with different depths of working face advance can be obtained.
Here, the distance between two adjacent holes on the same side of the roadway coal pillar 1 may be 1-3m, and here, the distance between two adjacent holes may be 1m.
In this embodiment, five drill holes with different depths may be disposed on two sides of the roadway coal pillar 1, where the depths of the five drill holes with different depths may be 1m, 2m, 3m, 4m, and 5m, respectively.
The depth of the drilled hole is not more than half the width of the roadway coal pillar 1.
In an alternative embodiment, determining the stress peak area of the roadway coal pillar 1 may include:
and obtaining lateral supporting stress distribution of the coal pillar based on the stress values of the bottom positions of the drilling holes detected by the stress meters, wherein the position corresponding to the maximum value of the lateral supporting stress is a stress peak value area.
As shown in fig. 1, the first curve 17 is a distribution of lateral supporting stress of the roadway coal pillar 1 during the stoping of the first working surface 2, and the second curve 18 is a distribution of lateral supporting stress of the roadway coal pillar 1 during the stoping of the second working surface 3. The first working face 2 and the second working face 3 are respectively positioned on two sides of the roadway coal pillar 1.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the method for controlling stability of the rock burst roadway coal pillar may further include:
and reinforcing the broken coal body at the position of the collapse hole of the pressure relief drilling hole along the direction perpendicular to the pressure relief drilling hole.
In this way, the integrity of the directional drilling can be ensured and the stability of the roadway coal pillar 1 can be further improved.
In an alternative embodiment, reinforcing the crushed coal at the collapse site of the pressure relief borehole in a direction perpendicular to the pressure relief borehole may include:
the drill rod of the directional drilling machine retreats away from the hole collapse position;
drilling grouting holes 16 along a direction perpendicular to the pressure relief drilling holes;
a reinforcing agent is injected into the grouting holes 16.
Therefore, the broken coal body can be reinforced by the reinforcing agent to ensure that the pressure relief drilling hole is formed, and the water injection rod can enter the pressure relief drilling hole.
Here, the depth of the grouting holes 16 is from the coal wall to the crushing zone 9, and the crushing zone 9 may be a region around the collapsed position where the crushed coal body is located.
In this embodiment, the reinforcing agent may be an organic material or an inorganic material or a mixture of organic and inorganic materials, where the reinforcing agent may be an inorganic reinforcing agent, and the inorganic reinforcing agent may be a mixture of cement and water glass.
The diameter, number and angle of the grouting holes 16 may be adjusted according to the crushing zone 9.
In this embodiment, after the broken coal body is reinforced and the requirement is satisfied, the drilling operation of pressure relief drilling can be continued.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the height of the drilling site 11 may be consistent with the height of the roadway, and the width of the drilling site 11 is greater than the width of the directional drilling machine and the working width of the directional drilling machine, where the width of the drilling site 11 may be 3m-6m.
And, adopt stock 6 or anchor rope to support in the drilling site 11 to guarantee the security.
In alternative embodiments, the number of sites 11 may be determined based on the length of the roadway and the pressure relief borehole.
Here, when the length of the roadway is greater than the length of the pressure relief drill hole, at least two drill sites 11 may be provided along the length direction of the roadway coal pillar 1.
For example, two drilling sites 11 are arranged along the length direction of the roadway coal pillar 1, and a first drilling site 11 can be arranged in front of the roadway coal pillar 1 and used for drilling a first pressure relief drilling hole through a directional drilling machine; a second drill site 11 is then located adjacent to the first pressure relief drill hole Kong Wei (i.e., the hole bottom) and the second drill site 11 can excavate from the sides of the roadway coal pillar 1 along the width of the roadway coal pillar 1.
In an alternative embodiment, a first pressure relief borehole 7 is arranged in the stress peak region of the lateral support stress of the roadway coal pillar 1 at the time of stoping the first working face 2, and a second pressure relief borehole 8 is arranged in the stress peak region of the lateral support stress of the roadway coal pillar 1 at the time of stoping the second working face 3. Thus, the pressure relief effect is improved.
In this embodiment, the first pressure relief drilling holes 7 are arranged according to the distribution condition of the lateral supporting stress of the roadway coal pillar 1 during the stoping of the first working face 2, and fracturing of the first pressure relief drilling holes 7 is performed, after the pressure relief drilling holes and hydraulic fracturing in the first drilling field 11 are completed, the second drilling field 11 is set again, the next pressure relief drilling holes are drilled and hydraulically fractured, and the circulation is performed in this way, until the complete construction in the roadway coal pillar 1 on the side of the first roadway 4 is completed, and then the stoping of the second working face 3 is performed.
The second pressure relief drilling holes 8 can be arranged according to the distribution condition of the lateral supporting stress of the roadway coal pillar 1 during the stoping of the second working face 3 in the stoping initial stage of the second working face 3, the fracturing of the second pressure relief drilling holes 8 is carried out, after the pressure relief drilling holes and hydraulic fracturing in the first drilling site 11 are completed, the second drilling site 11 is arranged, the next pressure relief drilling hole is arranged and hydraulic fracturing is carried out, and the circulation is carried out until the complete construction in the roadway coal pillar 1 on the side of the second roadway 5 is completed.
Here, the diameter of the pressure relief drilling holes may be 75-140mm, the length of the pressure relief drilling holes may be 200-500m, and the arrangement height of the pressure relief drilling holes may be half of the roadway height.
In an alternative embodiment, a pressure relief drill hole may be provided in the roadway coal pillar 1 when the stress peak area of the roadway coal pillar 1 at the time of stoping the first working surface 2 coincides with the stress peak area of the roadway coal pillar 1 at the time of stoping the second working surface 3, i.e. when the width of the roadway coal pillar 1 is smaller.
The distribution of the lateral supporting stress is related to the geological conditions, the size of the coal pillar, the mining process, and the like.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, fracturing the pressure relief borehole by way of back-off hydraulic fracturing may include:
conveying the hole packer 14 to the fracturing position 10 through a water injection rod 13 of the hydraulic fracturing device;
filling water into the hole packer 14 through a high-pressure pump of the hydraulic fracturing device to realize hole sealing;
the fracturing site 10 is injected with water through the water injection rod 13 and the holes 15 of the hole packer 14, so that the coal at the fracturing site 10 forms a fracture network.
Thus, the hydraulic fracturing can effectively improve the pressure relief effect on the coal pillar, reduce the load of the coal pillar, and reduce the damage of drilling pressure relief to the coal and rock mass in the support area.
Here, the hydraulic fracturing device may include a hole packer 14, a water injection rod 13, a water injection device 12, a pressure monitor, and the like, the water injection device 12 includes a water tank, a high pressure pump, and a booster pump, the water injection device 12 may be communicated with the water injection rod 13, the high pressure pump may be communicated with the water tank, the water injection rod 13 may be connected with the high pressure pump, the high pressure pump may inject water into the hole packer 14 through the water injection rod 13, so that the hole packer 14 expands to seal the pressure relief drilling hole, and then the water injection device 12 may inject water into the fracturing site 10 through the water injection rod 13 and the hole 15 of the hole packer 14, so that the coal at the fracturing site 10 is subjected to the pressure of the water to form a fracture network.
The pressure monitor can be used for monitoring the water injection fracturing pressure of the holes 15, and ensuring that the water injection fracturing pressure is 10-15MPa.
The booster pump can raise the water injection pressure.
Here, the specific structure of the hydraulic fracturing device is not limited, and the hydraulic fracturing device may be an existing hydraulic fracturing device.
In an alternative embodiment, a plurality of fracturing positions 10 are arranged on the roadway coal pillar along the direction of the pressure relief drilling hole, and the plurality of fracturing positions 10 are sequentially fractured along the direction from the tail end to the head end of the pressure relief drilling hole.
Specifically, after the first fracturing site 10 is completely fractured (i.e., after the fracturing site 10 near the tail end of the pressure relief borehole is completely fractured), the hole packer 14 is controlled to relieve pressure;
after the pressure relief of the hole packer 14 is finished, the water injection rod 13 drives the hole packer 14 to retreat to the next fracturing position 10, and the fracturing steps are repeated until the pressure equalizing and fracturing of all the fracturing positions 10 in the whole pressure relief drilling hole are finished.
In this embodiment, the fracturing time of each fracturing site 10 may be 20-30 minutes. The spacing of each fracturing site 10 may be 20-40m.
The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for controlling the stability of the rock burst roadway coal pillar is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
determining the position of a pressure relief drilling hole, and determining the punching position of the pressure relief drilling hole of the roadway coal pillar according to the field stress test result;
excavating a drilling site, wherein the drilling site is excavated in front of or beside the roadway coal pillar;
drilling the pressure relief drilling hole, and drilling the pressure relief drilling hole along the parallel direction of a roadway at the punching position through a directional drilling machine positioned in the drilling field;
and fracturing the pressure relief drilling hole by adopting a mode of back hydraulic fracturing.
2. The method for controlling the stability of the rock burst roadway coal pillar according to claim 1, wherein the two sides of the roadway coal pillar are supported by anchor rods or anchor cables.
3. The method of controlling the stability of a rock burst roadway coal pillar of claim 1, wherein said determining the location of a pressure relief borehole comprises:
measuring stress values of different depths in the width direction of the roadway coal pillar;
determining a stress peak area of the roadway coal column;
and setting the punching position in the stress peak area.
4. The method for controlling the stability of a rock burst roadway coal pillar according to claim 3, wherein the measuring stress values of different depths in the width direction of the roadway coal pillar comprises:
at least two groups of drilling holes with different depths are respectively arranged at the positions of the roadway coal pillars close to the first stoping roadway and the second stoping roadway in the stoping initial stage of the first working surface and the second working surface;
and arranging stress meters in the drilling holes, and detecting stress values of the bottom positions of the drilling holes by the stress meters.
5. The method for controlling the stability of a rock burst roadway coal pillar according to claim 1, further comprising:
and reinforcing the broken coal body at the collapsed position of the pressure relief drilling hole along the direction perpendicular to the pressure relief drilling hole.
6. The method for controlling the stability of the rock burst roadway coal pillar according to claim 2, wherein when the punching position coincides with or is close to the anchor rod position on the roadway coal pillar, the punching position is adjusted to the middle position of two adjacent vertical anchor rods or anchor cables.
7. The method for controlling the stability of a rock burst roadway coal pillar according to claim 1, wherein the step of fracturing the pressure relief borehole by means of back-off hydraulic fracturing comprises the steps of:
the hole packer is sent to a fracturing position through a water injection rod of the hydraulic fracturing device;
injecting water into the hole packer through a high-pressure pump of the hydraulic fracturing device to realize hole sealing;
and injecting water to the fracturing position through the water injection rod and the hole of the hole packer, so that a fracture network is formed by the coal at the fracturing position.
8. The method for controlling the stability of a rock burst roadway coal pillar according to claim 7, wherein a plurality of fracturing positions are arranged on the roadway coal pillar along the direction of the pressure relief drilling hole, and the fracturing positions are sequentially fractured along the direction from the tail end to the head end of the pressure relief drilling hole.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein reinforcing the crushed coal at the collapsed position of the pressure relief borehole in a direction perpendicular to the pressure relief borehole comprises:
the drill rod of the directional drilling machine retreats away from the hole collapse position;
a grouting hole is drilled along the direction perpendicular to the pressure relief drilling hole, and the depth of the grouting hole is from the coal wall to the crushing area;
and injecting a reinforcing agent into the grouting holes.
10. The method for controlling the stability of rock burst roadway coal pillars according to claim 1, wherein one of the pressure relief drill holes is provided in the roadway coal pillar when a stress peak area of the roadway coal pillar at the time of stoping of the first working face coincides with a stress peak area of the roadway coal pillar at the time of stoping of the second working face.
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