CN116217415A - 一种合成手性3-氨基-1-苯基丙醇和手性3-(甲氨基)-1-苯基丙醇的方法 - Google Patents
一种合成手性3-氨基-1-苯基丙醇和手性3-(甲氨基)-1-苯基丙醇的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- PHIYHIOQVWTXII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-amino-1-phenylpropan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCC(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PHIYHIOQVWTXII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- XXSDCGNHLFVSET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropan-1-ol Chemical compound CNCCC(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XXSDCGNHLFVSET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromobenzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC=C1 QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- -1 diaryl ketone compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- ZXKINMCYCKHYFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminooxidanide Chemical compound [O-]N ZXKINMCYCKHYFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XCIVULVATLZDQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=NC(O1)=O Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=NC(O1)=O XCIVULVATLZDQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Substances C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- RTHCYVBBDHJXIQ-MRXNPFEDSA-N (R)-fluoxetine Chemical compound O([C@H](CCNC)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1 RTHCYVBBDHJXIQ-MRXNPFEDSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- VHGCDTVCOLNTBX-QGZVFWFLSA-N atomoxetine Chemical compound O([C@H](CCNC)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1C VHGCDTVCOLNTBX-QGZVFWFLSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960002430 atomoxetine Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960002464 fluoxetine Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012280 lithium aluminium hydride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WIQRCHMSJFFONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N norfluoxetine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(CCN)OC1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1 WIQRCHMSJFFONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- LJZVSJCLGALFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-methoxybenzoyl)benzonitrile Chemical group C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(C#N)C=C1 LJZVSJCLGALFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DORMTBIPKNPJPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;iodobenzene Chemical compound CC(O)=O.IC1=CC=CC=C1 DORMTBIPKNPJPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ITJNARMNRKSWTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nisoxetine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(CCNC)OC1=CC=CC=C1OC ITJNARMNRKSWTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229950004211 nisoxetine Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- NGZDRKMHQSPGHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ni].C1CCC=CC=CC1 Chemical compound [Ni].C1CCC=CC=CC1 NGZDRKMHQSPGHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005915 ammonolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L caesium carbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000024 caesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940078487 nickel acetate tetrahydrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- BMGNSKKZFQMGDH-FDGPNNRMSA-L nickel(2+);(z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound [Ni+2].C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O BMGNSKKZFQMGDH-FDGPNNRMSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- OINIXPNQKAZCRL-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);diacetate;tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Ni+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OINIXPNQKAZCRL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- UQPSGBZICXWIAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);dibromide;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.Br[Ni]Br UQPSGBZICXWIAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- ZLQBNKOPBDZKDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);diperchlorate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O ZLQBNKOPBDZKDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- BFSQJYRFLQUZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) iodide Chemical compound I[Ni]I BFSQJYRFLQUZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910021585 Nickel(II) bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- IPLJNQFXJUCRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);dibromide Chemical compound [Ni+2].[Br-].[Br-] IPLJNQFXJUCRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007167 Hofmann rearrangement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006254 arylation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 5
- PHIYHIOQVWTXII-SECBINFHSA-N (1r)-3-amino-1-phenylpropan-1-ol Chemical compound NCC[C@@H](O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PHIYHIOQVWTXII-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- OCMNCWNTDDVHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-L dichloronickel;1,2-dimethoxyethane Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl.COCCOC OCMNCWNTDDVHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N serotonin Chemical compound C1=C(O)C=C2C(CCN)=CNC2=C1 QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XXSDCGNHLFVSET-SNVBAGLBSA-N (1r)-3-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropan-1-ol Chemical compound CNCC[C@@H](O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XXSDCGNHLFVSET-SNVBAGLBSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003818 flash chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- XXSDCGNHLFVSET-JTQLQIEISA-N (1s)-3-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropan-1-ol Chemical compound CNCC[C@H](O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XXSDCGNHLFVSET-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 2
- PHIYHIOQVWTXII-VIFPVBQESA-N (1s)-3-amino-1-phenylpropan-1-ol Chemical compound NCC[C@H](O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PHIYHIOQVWTXII-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 2
- XQIWADBGHGLGLY-SECBINFHSA-N (4r)-4-hydroxy-4-phenylbutanamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CC[C@@H](O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XQIWADBGHGLGLY-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940076279 serotonin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- RSIJVJUOQBWMIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfate decahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RSIJVJUOQBWMIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AEUULUMEYIPECD-SECBINFHSA-N (5r)-5-phenyloxolan-2-one Chemical compound O1C(=O)CC[C@@H]1C1=CC=CC=C1 AEUULUMEYIPECD-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AEUULUMEYIPECD-VIFPVBQESA-N (5s)-5-phenyloxolan-2-one Chemical compound O1C(=O)CC[C@H]1C1=CC=CC=C1 AEUULUMEYIPECD-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHSVJTYBTJCDFL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 1,2-dimethoxyethane;nickel(2+);dibromide Chemical compound Br[Ni]Br.COCCOC VHSVJTYBTJCDFL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AEUULUMEYIPECD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenyloxolan-2-one Chemical compound O1C(=O)CCC1C1=CC=CC=C1 AEUULUMEYIPECD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000801593 Pida Species 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZBIKORITPGTTGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [acetyloxy(phenyl)-$l^{3}-iodanyl] acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OI(OC(C)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZBIKORITPGTTGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001414 amino alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000935 antidepressant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005513 antidepressants Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930188620 butyrolactone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000250 methylamino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000005215 presynaptic neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C213/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino and hydroxy, amino and etherified hydroxy or amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C213/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino and hydroxy, amino and etherified hydroxy or amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C213/06—Preparation of compounds containing amino and hydroxy, amino and etherified hydroxy or amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton from hydroxy amines by reactions involving the etherification or esterification of hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C231/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides
- C07C231/10—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides from compounds not provided for in groups C07C231/02 - C07C231/08
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D265/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D265/04—1,3-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-oxazines
- C07D265/06—1,3-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-oxazines not condensed with other rings
- C07D265/08—1,3-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-oxazines not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D265/10—1,3-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-oxazines not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with oxygen atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D307/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D307/30—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D307/32—Oxygen atoms
- C07D307/33—Oxygen atoms in position 2, the oxygen atom being in its keto or unsubstituted enol form
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
- C07B2200/07—Optical isomers
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种合成手性3‑氨基‑1‑苯基丙醇和手性‑3‑(甲氨基)‑1‑苯基丙醇的方法,属于有机合成技术领域。本发明以溴苯、γ‑丁内酯为原料,通过二芳基酮类化合物与金属镍络合物的协同催化高效构筑目标分子;即在光照下首先实现γ‑丁内酯的γ位不对称芳基化,再将手性内酯用氨水氨解为羟基酰胺,经过Hofmann重排制得6‑苯基‑1,3‑恶嗪‑2‑酮,其还原可制得手性3‑(甲氨基)‑1‑苯基丙醇,水解则制得手性3‑氨基‑1‑苯基丙醇。本发明使用了一种新颖的内酯O‑α位C(sp3)‑H活化的方法,高效地在O‑α位对映选择性引入芳基,该方法所用原料商业可得,步骤简洁高效,适用于大量目标分子的合成。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机合成技术领域,具体涉及一种合成手性3-氨基-1-苯基丙醇和手性3-(甲氨基)-1-苯基丙醇的方法。
背景技术
托莫西汀、氟西汀、尼索西汀、诺氟西汀为常见的抗抑郁类药物,其通过抑制突触前神经元对血清素的再吸收能力,提高血清素的浓度,从而起到抗抑郁的作用。目前三种药物已在多个国家上市并应用,治疗效果显著,副作用小,全球销售额很高。
然而,目前主要合成这些药物的常用方法合成步骤冗长,使用了高毒性高价铬试剂,给环境带来污染的同时也增加了生产成本。如何高效合成这些药物的关键中间体手性3-氨基-1-苯基丙醇和手性3-(甲氨基)-1-苯基丙醇便成为了解决上述问题的关键。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种简单、高效、快捷、高选择性的合成手性3-氨基-1-苯基丙醇和手性3-(甲氨基)-1-苯基丙醇的方法,进而用于制备托莫西汀、氟西汀、尼索西汀、诺氟西汀这四种药物或其他衍生物。
本发明在溴苯、γ-丁内酯为原料进行不对称偶联的基础上,通过四步反应得到手性3-氨基-1-苯基丙醇和手性3-(甲氨基)-1-苯基丙醇,合成路线如下。
本发明提供的技术方案具体如下:
一种手性3-氨基-1-苯基丙醇和手性3-(甲氨基)-1-苯基丙醇的合成方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将溴苯A、γ-丁内酯B在紫光照射下,通过二芳基酮催化剂C、金属镍络合物和手性配体催化,得到手性5-苯基二氢呋喃-2(3H)-酮中间体D。
(2)将手性5-苯基二氢呋喃-2(3H)-酮中间体D用氨水氨解,得到手性羟基酰胺中间体E。
(3)将手性羟基酰胺E与醋酸碘苯反应得到手性6-苯基-1,3-恶嗪-2-酮中间体F。
(4)将手性6-苯基-1,3-恶嗪-2-酮中间体F用氢化铝锂还原,得到手性3-(甲氨基)-1-苯基丙醇G。
(5)将手性6-苯基-1,3-恶嗪-2-酮中间体F水解,得到手性3-氨基-1-苯基丙醇H。
进一步,所述步骤(1)的步骤如下:在惰性气体保护下,往γ-丁内酯B中加入金属镍络合物和手性配体,15-40℃下搅拌1-2h进行预配位,再加入溴苯A、二芳基酮催化剂C、碱金属盐,在紫光灯照射下20-35℃下搅拌反应60-80h,经萃取,柱层析分离得到手性5-苯基二氢呋喃-2(3H)-酮D。
进一步,所述的金属镍络合物包括但不限于氯化镍、溴化镍、氯化镍乙二醇二甲醚、溴化镍乙二醇二甲醚、环辛二烯镍、乙酰丙酮镍、高氯酸镍、碘化镍和醋酸镍四水合物,优选为氯化镍乙二醇二甲醚。
进一步,所述的手性配体的选自以下结构:
进一步,所述的碱金属盐括但不限于碳酸钠、碳酸钾、磷酸钾、磷酸一氢钾、磷酸二氢钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸锂、碳酸铯、磷酸钠和醋酸钠,优选为碳酸钠。
更进一步,该步骤中,溴苯的浓度为0.1mol/L;手性配体的浓度为0.02mol/L;二芳基酮催化剂的浓度为0.02mol/L;金属镍络合物的浓度为0.01mol/L;碱金属盐的浓度为0.1mol/L;γ-丁内酯作为溶剂。
更进一步,所述步骤(1)中,反应辐照光的波长为390nm。
进一步,所述步骤(2)的步骤如下:手性5-苯基二氢呋喃-2(3H)-酮D溶解于甲醇,加入浓氨水,15-40℃下反应完全后,浓缩干燥得到手性羟基酰胺E。其中。浓氨水的浓度为市售25%~28%。
进一步,所述步骤(3)的步骤如下:手性羟基酰胺E溶于乙腈中,加入醋酸碘苯,15-40℃下搅拌10-24h,经柱层析得到手性6-苯基-1,3-恶嗪-2-酮F。
进一步,所述步骤(4)的步骤如下:手性6-苯基-1,3-恶嗪-2-酮F溶于四氢呋喃中,在惰性气体保护下,0-4℃下加入氢化铝锂,76-96℃下回流反应10-20h,加入甲基叔丁基醚稀释,加入十水合硫酸钠淬灭,过滤,干燥浓缩,经柱层析分离得到手性3-(甲氨基)-1-苯基丙醇G,该步骤中所用四氢呋喃经除水处理。
进一步,所述步骤(5)的步骤如下:将手性6-苯基-1,3-恶嗪-2-酮中间体F溶解在异丙醇中,加入氢氧化钾和水,90-110℃回流反应2-5小时,过滤、浓缩,经柱层析分离得到手性3-氨基-1-苯基丙醇H。
上述方法在制备托莫西汀、氟西汀、尼索西汀、诺氟西汀或其衍生物中的应用。
本发明提供的方法是以溴苯、γ-丁内酯为原料,通过二芳基酮类化合物与金属镍络合物的协同催化高效构筑目标分子的方法。即在光照下首先实现γ-丁内酯的γ位不对称芳基化,再将手性内酯用氨水氨解为羟基酰胺,经过Hofmann重排制得中间产物6-苯基-1,3-恶嗪-2-酮,其还原可制得手性3-(甲氨基)-1-苯基丙醇,水解则制得手性3-氨基-1-苯基丙醇,它们可通过已有的成熟路线制得四种药物托莫西汀、氟西汀、尼索西汀、诺氟西汀。本发明中使用了一种新颖的内酯O-α位C(sp3)-H键活化的方法学,高效地在O-α位对映选择性引入芳基,与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果如下:
本方法可以通过商业可得的原料只需通过四步实现氨基醇和N-甲基氨基醇的合成,并且也为其类似物的合成提供了一种参考思路。
本发明创造性的利用紫外光照下的镍催化,将溴苯选择性地偶联在丁内酯γ位,是一种有效、绿色、廉价合成目标分子及其类似物的方法。
具体实施方式
通过下述实施例将有助于理解本发明,但并不限制本发明的内容。
实施例1(R)-3-氨基-1-苯基丙醇和(R)-3-(甲氨基)-1-苯基丙醇的合成
(1)(R)-5-苯基二氢呋喃-2-(3H)-酮(1b)的合成
氩气气氛下,先向反应管中加入手性配体1a(18.5mg,0.04mmol)、氯化镍乙二醇二甲醚(4.5mg,0.02mmol)、γ-丁内酯(1mL),封闭反应管,室温下搅拌2小时预配位。再加入4-(4-甲氧基苯甲酰基)苯甲腈(9.9mg,0.04mmol)、溴苯(21μL,0.2mmol)、碳酸钠(21.3mg,0.2mmol)和γ-丁内酯(1mL),封闭反应管。紫光灯(10w,390nm)照射下室温反应60小时,浓缩,快速柱层析,得产物(R)-5-苯基二氢呋喃-2(3H)-酮17.8mg(产率为55%,87%ee,无色液体)。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.44-7.36(m,2H),7.39-7.31(m,3H),5.54-5.48(m,1H),2.70-2.63(m,2H),2.64(d,J=5.7Hz,1H),2.24-2.13(m,1H).
(2)(R)-4-羟基-4-苯基丁酰胺(1c)的合成
1b(0.3937g,2.43mmol)、甲醇13mL和氨水(25%)6.3mL,室温反应12小时,浓缩干燥,得产物1c 0.4105g(产率为94%,白色固体)。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.66-6.65(m,5H),6.11(d,J=30.6Hz,2H),4.60(dd,J=7.8,4.6Hz,1H),2.46-1.66(m,4H),1.18(s,1H).
(3)(R)-6-苯基-1,3-恶嗪-2-酮(1d)的合成
1c(0.4105g,2.29mmol)、PIDA(0.7476g,2.32mmol)和乙腈40mL在40℃下反应12小时,浓缩,快速柱层析,重结晶后得产物1d 0.2862g(产率为71%,92%ee,白色固体)。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.42-7.31(m,5H),6.74(s,1H),5.33(dd,J=9.8,2.7Hz,1H),3.53-3.30(m,2H),2.27-2.01(m,2H);13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ154.92,139.04,128.65,128.38,125.65,78.60,38.89,29.71,28.71.
(4)(R)-3-(甲氨基)-1-苯基丙醇(1e)的合成
氩气保护下,冰水浴中加入1d(0.1166g,0.66mmol)、THF 15mL、氢化铝锂(0.1038g,2.73mmol),80℃回流反应15小时,加入甲基叔丁基醚稀释,加入十水合硫酸钠淬灭,过滤,干燥浓缩,快速柱层析,得产物1e 0.0980g(产率为90%,无色液体)。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.57-7.04(m,5H),4.89(dd,J=8.7,3.3Hz,1H),3.90(s,2H),2.89-2.76(m,2H),2.40(s,3H),1.90-1.70(m,2H);13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ145.39,145.22,128.40,128.26,128.24,128.22,128.04,128.02,127.06,126.92,126.69,125.92,125.82,125.80,125.64,125.61,125.43,77.37,77.16,76.95,75.27,75.10,69.70,52.66,50.29,46.15,37.15,37.04,36.91,36.03,34.32,31.71.
(5)(R)-3-氨基-1-苯基丙醇(1f)的合成
将氢氧化钾(22.4mg,0.4mmol)和水(2mL)加入1e(35.4mg,0.2mmol)的异丙醇(2mL)溶液中并100℃回流反应3小时,通过硅藻土过滤反应溶液,浓缩,快速柱层析,得产物(R)-3-氨基-1-苯基丙醇27.8mg(产率为92%,无色液体)。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.41-7.32(m,4H),7.26-7.23(m,1H),5.17(s,3H),4.97(dd,J=8.7,3.1Hz,1H),3.14-3.08(m,1H),3.00-2.94(m,1H),1.90-1.85(m,1H),1.76-1.73(m,1H).
13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ145.1,128.3,127.0,125.7,75.7,40.7,39.7.
实施例2(S)-3-氨基-1-苯基丙醇和(S)-3-(甲氨基)-1-苯基丙醇的合成
(1)(S)-5-苯基二氢呋喃-2-(3H)-酮(1g)的合成
氩气气氛下,先向反应管中加入手性配体1h(18.5mg,0.04mmol)、氯化镍乙二醇二甲醚(4.5mg,0.02mmol)、γ-丁内酯(1mL),封闭反应管,室温下搅拌2小时预配位。再加入4-(4-甲氧基苯甲酰基)苯甲腈(9.9mg,0.04mmol)、溴苯(21μL,0.2mmol)、碳酸钠(21.3mg,0.2mmol)和γ-丁内酯(1mL),封闭反应管。紫光灯(10w,390nm)照射下室温反应60小时,浓缩,快速柱层析,得产物(S)-5-苯基二氢呋喃-2(3H)-酮18.4mg(产率为58%,87%ee,无色液体)。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.44-7.36(m,2H),7.39-7.31(m,3H),5.54-5.48(m,1H),2.70-2.63(m,2H),2.64(d,J=5.7Hz,1H),2.24-2.13(m,1H).
(2)-(5):参照实施例1中的方法,可得到(S)-3-氨基-1-苯基丙醇和(S)-3-(甲氨基)-1-苯基丙醇。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明保护的范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内所做的任何修改,等同替换和改进等,均应包含在发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种合成手性3-氨基-1-苯基丙醇和手性3-(甲氨基)-1-苯基丙醇的方法,其特征在于,包括下述步骤:
(1)将溴苯、γ-丁内酯在紫光照射下,通过二芳基酮催化剂、金属镍络合物和手性配体催化,得到手性5-苯基二氢呋喃-2(3H)-酮;
(2)将手性5-苯基二氢呋喃-2(3H)-酮用氨水氨解,得到手性羟基酰胺;
(3)将手性羟基酰胺与醋酸碘苯反应得到手性6-苯基-1,3-恶嗪-2-酮;
(4)将手性6-苯基-1,3-恶嗪-2-酮用氢化铝锂还原,得到手性3-(甲氨基)-1-苯基丙醇;或将6-苯基-1,3-恶嗪-2-酮水解,得到手性3-氨基-1-苯基丙醇;
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)的包括如下步骤:在惰性气体保护下,往γ-丁内酯中加入金属镍络合物和手性配体,先搅拌一定时间进行预配位,再加入溴苯、二芳基酮催化剂、碱金属盐,在紫光灯照射下反应,得到手性5-苯基二氢呋喃-2(3H)-酮。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于:所述的金属镍络合物包括氯化镍、溴化镍、氯化镍乙二醇二甲醚、溴化镍乙二醇二甲醚、环辛二烯镍、乙酰丙酮镍、高氯酸镍、碘化镍和醋酸镍四水合物。
5.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于:所述的碱金属盐括碳酸钠、碳酸钾、磷酸钾、磷酸一氢钾、磷酸二氢钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸锂、碳酸铯、磷酸钠和醋酸钠。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中,反应辐照光的波长为390nm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)包括如下步骤:手性5-苯基二氢呋喃-2(3H)-酮溶解在甲醇中,加入氨水,反应完全后,得到手性羟基酰胺。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(3)包括如下步骤:手性羟基酰胺溶解在乙腈中,加入醋酸碘苯,反应完全后,得到手性6-苯基-1,3-恶嗪-2-酮。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(4)包括如下步骤:手性6-苯基-1,3-恶嗪-2-酮溶解于超干THF,在惰性气体保护下,0-4℃下加入氢化铝锂,通过回流反应,得到手性3-氨基-1-苯基丙醇;
或将6-苯基-1,3-恶嗪-2-酮中间体F溶解在异丙醇中,加入氢氧化钾和水,通过回流反应,得到手性3-(甲氨基)-1-苯基丙醇。
10.权利要求1-9任一项所述的方法在制备托莫西汀、氟西汀、尼索西汀、诺氟西汀或其衍生物中的应用。
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