CN116203771A - 一种电致变色组件及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents

一种电致变色组件及其制备方法与应用 Download PDF

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CN116203771A
CN116203771A CN202310262946.4A CN202310262946A CN116203771A CN 116203771 A CN116203771 A CN 116203771A CN 202310262946 A CN202310262946 A CN 202310262946A CN 116203771 A CN116203771 A CN 116203771A
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electrochromic
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姚力军
潘杰
王予丛
沈栋栋
李松松
姚舜
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Zhejiang Jingsheng Film Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种电致变色组件及其制备方法与应用,所述电致变色组件包括依次层叠设置的第一刚性基材、夹胶层、镀膜玻璃基材、电致变色膜层、合金框架以及第二刚性基材;所述电致变色膜层包括依次层叠设置的第一透明导电层、阳极电致变色层、离子导通层、阴极电致变色层以及第二透明导电层,所述第一透明导电层与所述镀膜玻璃基材相接触,所述第二透明导电层与所述合金框架相接触;所述阳极电致变色层和/或阴极电致变色层的材料包括V2O5。本发明以五氧化二钒作为变色膜层,实现了电致变色组件的多色变化效果;采用全固态无机材料与磁控溅射法结合,提高了电致变色组件的可靠性与稳定性。

Description

一种电致变色组件及其制备方法与应用
技术领域
本发明涉及电致变色材料技术领域,具体涉及一种电致变色组件及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
电致变色是材料的光学属性,是一种在外加电场的作用下发生稳定、可逆的颜色变化的现象,在外观上表现为颜色和透明度的可逆变化。利用电致变色材料制成的电致变色组件可用于智能玻璃、显示器件、智能穿戴等应用场景中。
现有的电致变色组件主要由两层透明导电层、离子储存层、电致变色层以及离子传导层组成。离子储存层辅助电致变色层在导电层上施加低电压,进而实现电致变色反应;离子传导层是提供锂离子及扩散薄膜层,是保证组件电致变色性能的重要膜层;而电致变色层作为电致变色组件的核心功能层,发挥着电致变色的作用。目前通常采用氧化钨、氧化镍或有机电致变色膜层作为电致变色层材料,但变色效果通常为无色透明到蓝色或棕色。
CN 115291451A公开了一种实现对比度调节功能的透明显示器组件及其制备方法,所述透明显示器组件包括依次层叠设置的透明显示屏、真空封胶层、第一玻璃基材、电致变色功能层以及第二玻璃基材;所述真空封胶层的厚度为0.38-1.52mm;所述第一玻璃基材的厚度为2-3mm;所述电致变色功能层的厚度为600-2000nm。
CN 115128877A公开了一种基于氮化锂离子传导层的电致变色器件及其制备方法。所述电致变色器件的结构为由依次排布的第一透明导电电极、电致变色层、Li3N-AlLi复合离子传导层、离子储存层和第二透明导电电极构成的多层膜结构,所述Li3N-AlLi复合离子传导层通过对形成于所述电致变色层表面的AlLi合金层用N2等离子体进行刻蚀而得。
上述发明或实现了对比度调节功能,或提高了电致变色性能,但均采用氧化钨、氧化钨镍等作为电致变色膜层,无法实现多种颜色的变化。
CN 105573004A公开了一种电致变色防弹防爆玻璃及其制备方法,其中,电致变色防弹防爆玻璃包括第一导电玻璃层、有机电致变色膜层、离子存储层和第二导电玻璃层。一种电致变色防弹防爆玻璃的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)制备第一导电玻璃层;(2)制备第二导电玻璃层;(3)旋涂有机电致变色膜层;(4)磁控溅射离子存储层;(5)合片密封制得成品电致变色防弹防爆玻璃。该发明实现了防弹、防爆以及智能化阻挡可见光的通断效果,但采用的有机电致变色膜层,同样在多色可调的功能上有待进一步改善。
针对现有技术的不足,亟需提供一种多色可调、可靠性及稳定性高的电致变色组件。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种电致变色组件及其制备方法与应用,通过在电致变色膜层中设置阳极电致变色层和/或阴极电致变色层的材料为V2O5,实现了电致变色组件的多色变化效果,结合磁控溅射法,使得组件的可靠性及稳定性有所提高。
为达到此发明目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
第一方面,本发明提供了一种电致变色组件,所述电致变色组件包括依次层叠设置的第一刚性基材、夹胶层、镀膜玻璃基材、电致变色膜层、合金框架以及第二刚性基材;
所述电致变色膜层包括依次层叠设置的第一透明导电层、阳极电致变色层、离子导通层、阴极电致变色层以及第二透明导电层,所述第一透明导电层与所述镀膜玻璃基材相接触,所述第二透明导电层与所述合金框架相接触;
所述阳极电致变色层和/或阴极电致变色层的材料包括V2O5
本发明提供的电致变色组件,通过在电致变色膜层中设置阳极电致变色层和/或阴极电致变色层的材料为V2O5,使得电致变色膜层具有橙色-黄色-绿色-蓝色的变色过程,进而实现了电致变色组件的多色变化效果;结合全固态无机材料的设置与磁控溅射法的引入,有效提高了电致变色组件的可靠性与稳定性。
优选地,所述第一刚性基材与第二刚性基材分别独立地包括钢化玻璃。
所述第一刚性基材与第二刚性基材位于电致变色组件的外侧,主要发挥保护作用。
优选地,所述第一刚性基材的厚度为2-6mm,例如可以是2mm、3mm、4mm、5mm或6mm,但不限于所列举的数值,数值范围内其它未列举的数值同样适用。
优选地,所述第二刚性基材的厚度为2-6mm,例如可以是2mm、3mm、4mm、5mm或6mm,但不限于所列举的数值,数值范围内其它未列举的数值同样适用。
优选地,所述夹胶层的材料包括PVB胶膜和/或EVA胶膜。
所述夹胶层位于镀膜玻璃基材与外层刚性基材组件之间,主要作用是在真空合片过程中将两个基材进行粘连处理。
优选地,所述夹胶层的厚度为0.38-1.14mm,例如可以是0.38mm、0.5mm、0.8mm、1mm或1.14mm,但不限于所列举的数值,数值范围内其它未列举的数值同样适用。
优选地,所述镀膜玻璃基材的表面镀有ITO膜层。
制备膜层时采用平面镀膜的方法进行镀膜处理。
优选地,所述镀膜玻璃基材中的玻璃包括浮法玻璃。
优选地,所述浮法玻璃的厚度为1.9-2.1mm,例如可以是1.9mm、1.95mm、2mm、2.05mm或2.1mm,但不限于所列举的数值,数值范围内其它未列举的数值同样适用。
优选地,所述合金框架的材料包括铝合金。
所述合金框架是构建中空组件的关键部件,决定了中空玻璃的空气层厚度,进而提高了组件的隔热效果。
优选地,所述合金框架的厚度为6-12mm,例如可以是6mm、9mm或12mm,但不限于所列举的数值,数值范围内其它未列举的数值同样适用。
优选地,所述第一透明导电层与第二透明导电层的材料分别独立地包括ITO薄膜。
优选地,所述第一透明导电层的厚度为100-400nm,例如可以是100mm、150mm、200mm、300mm或400mm,但不限于所列举的数值,数值范围内其它未列举的数值同样适用,优选为300nm。
优选地,所述第二透明导电层的厚度为100-400nm,例如可以是100mm、150mm、200mm、300mm或400mm,但不限于所列举的数值,数值范围内其它未列举的数值同样适用,优选为300nm。
优选地,所述阳极电致变色层的材料为NiOx,阴极电致变色层的材料为V2O5,其中,x为1-1.5,例如可以是1或1.5,但不限于所列举的数值,数值范围内其它未列举的数值同样适用。
优选地,所述阳极电致变色层的材料为V2O5,阴极电致变色层的材料为WOx或V2O5,其中,x为2.5-3,例如可以是2.5或3,但不限于所列举的数值,数值范围内其它未列举的数值同样适用。
所述阳极电致变色层与阴极电致变色层中的至少一个的材料为V2O5,其变色原理是在外部施加电压后,V2O5膜层会发生氧化还原反应,V5+逐渐转变为V4+,在此过程中表现出膜层颜色的变化,依次为橙色-黄色-绿色-蓝色变化过程。其他膜层如WOx、NiOx作为相对的电致变色层,颜色变化分别为WOx可以由无色透明变为蓝色;NiOx可以由无色透明变为棕色。通过2个匹配电致变色层的颜色叠加变化呈现出多色颜色,主要原因为V2O5的多色变化。
优选地,所述阳极电致变色层的厚度为100-400nm,例如可以是100mm、150mm、200mm、300mm或400mm,但不限于所列举的数值,数值范围内其它未列举的数值同样适用。
优选地,所述阴极电致变色层的厚度为200-700nm,例如可以是200mm、300mm、400mm、500mm、600mm或700mm,但不限于所列举的数值,数值范围内其它未列举的数值同样适用。
优选地,所述阴极电致变色层与阳极电致变色层的厚度比为(0.75-6.5):1,例如可以是0.75:1、1.25:1、2:1、4:1或6.5:1,但不限于所列举的数值,数值范围内其它未列举的数值同样适用.
所述阴极电致变色层与阳极电致变色层的厚度比在合理范围内,可以使得电致变色膜层的多色变化效果得以保证,过高或过低的厚度比例,会对变色效果产生一定的不利影响。
优选地,所述离子导通层的材料包括SiO2和/或Al2O3
优选地,所述离子导通层的厚度为20-100nm,例如可以是20mm、30mm、40mm、50mm或100mm,但不限于所列举的数值,数值范围内其它未列举的数值同样适用,优选为30-50nm。
第二方面,本发明提供了一种如第一方面所述的电致变色组件的制备方法,所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
采用磁控溅射法在镀膜玻璃基材的表面镀制电致变色膜层,然后进行导线互联,得到电致变色基材;所得电致变色基材中靠近镀膜玻璃基材的一侧与第一刚性基材进行真空合片处理,远离镀膜玻璃基材的一侧依次与合金框架以及第二刚性基材进行封装处理,得到所述电致变色组件。
本发明采用磁控溅射法进行电致变色膜层的镀制,搭配全固态无机材料的设置,制得的电致变色组件具有较高的可靠性与稳定性。
优选地,所述真空合片处理中采用夹胶层对电致变色基材与第一刚性基材进行夹胶处理。
所述镀膜玻璃基材、电致变色基材、第一刚性基材以及第二刚性基材在组装前均进行质量检测与表面清洁处理。
第三方面,本发明提供了一种如第一方面所述的电致变色组件的应用,所述电致变色组件用于制备电子变色玻璃幕墙、电子变色汽车天幕或电子变色显示器。
相对于现有技术,本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明提供的电致变色组件,通过在电致变色膜层中设置阳极电致变色层和/或阴极电致变色层的材料为V2O5,使得电致变色膜层具有橙色-黄色-绿色-蓝色的变色过程,进而实现了电致变色组件的多色变化效果;结合全固态无机材料的设置与磁控溅射法的引入,有效提高了电致变色组件的可靠性与稳定性。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明的技术方案。本领域技术人员应该明了,所述实施例仅仅是帮助理解本发明,不应视为对本发明的具体限制。
实施例1
本实施例提供了一种电致变色组件,所述电致变色组件包括依次层叠设置的第一刚性基材、夹胶层、镀膜玻璃基材、电致变色膜层、合金框架以及第二刚性基材;
所述电致变色膜层包括依次层叠设置的第一透明导电层、阳极电致变色层、离子导通层、阴极电致变色层以及第二透明导电层,所述第一透明导电层与所述镀膜玻璃基材相接触,所述第二透明导电层与所述合金框架相接触;
所述第一刚性基材与第二刚性基材均为钢化玻璃,厚度均为4mm;所述夹胶层的材料为PVB胶膜,厚度为0.8mm;所述镀膜玻璃基材的表面镀有ITO膜层;所述镀膜玻璃基材中的玻璃为厚度2mm的浮法玻璃;所述合金框架的材料为铝合金,厚度为9mm;
所述第一透明导电层与第二透明导电层的材料均为ITO薄膜,厚度均为300nm;所述阳极电致变色层的材料为NiO,厚度为200nm;阴极电致变色层的材料为V2O5,厚度为400nm;所述阴极电致变色层与阳极电致变色层的厚度比为2:1;所述离子导通层的材料为SiO2,厚度为40nm。
所述电致变色组件的制备方法包括如下步骤:
采用磁控溅射法在镀膜玻璃基材的表面镀制电致变色膜层,然后进行导线互联,得到电致变色基材;所得电致变色基材中靠近镀膜玻璃基材的一侧与第一刚性基材进行真空合片处理,远离镀膜玻璃基材的一侧依次与合金框架以及第二刚性基材进行封装处理,得到所述电致变色组件;所述真空合片处理中采用夹胶层对电致变色基材与第一刚性基材进行夹胶处理。
所得电致变色组件能够实现橙色-黄色-绿色-蓝色的多色变化效果,可靠性及稳定性较好。
实施例2
本实施例提供了一种电致变色组件,与实施例1的区别在于,所述第一刚性基材与第二刚性基材的厚度均为5mm;所述夹胶层的厚度为1mm;所述镀膜玻璃基材中的玻璃为厚度2.05mm的浮法玻璃;
所述第一透明导电层与第二透明导电层的厚度均为200nm;所述阳极电致变色层的厚度为100nm,阴极电致变色层的厚度为650nm;所述阴极电致变色层与阳极电致变色层的厚度比为6.5:1;所述离子导通层的厚度为50nm,其余均与实施例1相同。
所得电致变色组件能够实现橙色-黄色-绿色-蓝色的多色变化效果,可靠性及稳定性较好。
实施例3
本实施例提供了一种电致变色组件,与实施例1的区别在于,所述第一刚性基材与第二刚性基材的厚度均为3mm;所述夹胶层的厚度为0.5mm;所述镀膜玻璃基材中的玻璃为厚度1.95mm的浮法玻璃;
所述第一透明导电层与第二透明导电层的厚度均为150nm;所述阳极电致变色层的厚度为400nm,阴极电致变色层的厚度为300nm;所述阴极电致变色层与阳极电致变色层的厚度比为0.75:1;所述离子导通层的厚度为30nm,其余均与实施例1相同。
所得电致变色组件能够实现橙色-黄色-绿色-蓝色的多色变化效果,可靠性及稳定性较好。
实施例4
本实施例提供了一种电致变色组件,与实施例1的区别在于,所述第一刚性基材与第二刚性基材的厚度均为6mm;所述夹胶层的厚度为1.14mm;所述镀膜玻璃基材中的玻璃为厚度2.1mm的浮法玻璃;所述合金框架的厚度为12mm;
所述第一透明导电层与第二透明导电层的厚度均为400nm;所述阳极电致变色层的厚度为100nm,阴极电致变色层的厚度为700nm;所述阴极电致变色层与阳极电致变色层的厚度比为7:1;所述离子导通层的厚度为100nm,其余均与实施例1相同。
由于阴极电子变色层为V2O5多色变化膜层,厚度增加后,颜色变化种类有所减少,主要体现两端颜色,颜色变化为橙色-蓝色的变色效果,可靠性及稳定性较好。
实施例5
本实施例提供了一种电致变色组件,与实施例1的区别在于,所述第一刚性基材与第二刚性基材的厚度均为2mm;所述夹胶层的厚度为0.38mm;所述镀膜玻璃基材中的玻璃为厚度1.9mm的浮法玻璃;所述合金框架的厚度为6mm;
所述第一透明导电层与第二透明导电层的厚度均为100nm;所述阳极电致变色层的厚度为400nm,阴极电致变色层的厚度为200nm;所述阴极电致变色层与阳极电致变色层的厚度比为0.5:1;所述离子导通层的厚度为20nm,其余均与实施例1相同。
由于阴极电子变色层为V2O5多色变化膜层,减薄后,多色变化效果会被相对的电致变色层颜色掩盖,导致多色变化不明显,且种类会减少,主要颜色变化为橙色-棕色的变色效果,可靠性及稳定性较好。
实施例6
本实施例提供了一种电致变色组件,与实施例1的区别在于,除将所述阳极电致变色层的材料替换为V2O5,阴极电致变色层的材料替换为WO3,其余均与实施例1相同。
所得电致变色组件能够实现橙色-黄色-绿色-蓝色的多色变化效果,可靠性及稳定性较好。
实施例7
本实施例提供了一种电致变色组件,与实施例1的区别在于,除将所述阳极电致变色层的材料替换为V2O5,其余均与实施例1相同。
所得电致变色组件能够实现橙色-黄色-绿色-蓝色的多色变化效果,可靠性及稳定性较好。
实施例8
本实施例提供了一种电致变色组件,与实施例1的区别在于,除将所述离子导通层的材料替换为Al2O3,其余均与实施例1相同。
所得电致变色组件能够实现橙色-黄色-绿色-蓝色的多色变化效果,可靠性及稳定性较好。
对比例1
本对比例提供了一种电致变色组件,与实施例1的区别在于,除将所述阴极电致变色层的材料替换为WO3,其余均与实施例1相同。
所得电致变色组件仅能由无色变化到蓝色、棕色,无法实现多色的变化效果,可靠性及稳定性较好。
综上所述,本发明提供的电致变色组件,通过在电致变色膜层中设置阳极电致变色层和/或阴极电致变色层的材料为V2O5,使得电致变色膜层具有橙色-黄色-绿色-蓝色的变色过程,进而实现了电致变色组件的多色变化效果;结合全固态无机材料的设置与磁控溅射法的引入,有效提高了电致变色组件的可靠性与稳定性。
以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,所属技术领域的技术人员应该明了,任何属于本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到的变化或替换,均落在本发明的保护范围和公开范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种电致变色组件,其特征在于,所述电致变色组件包括依次层叠设置的第一刚性基材、夹胶层、镀膜玻璃基材、电致变色膜层、合金框架以及第二刚性基材;
所述电致变色膜层包括依次层叠设置的第一透明导电层、阳极电致变色层、离子导通层、阴极电致变色层以及第二透明导电层,所述第一透明导电层与所述镀膜玻璃基材相接触,所述第二透明导电层与所述合金框架相接触;
所述阳极电致变色层和/或阴极电致变色层的材料包括V2O5
2.根据权利要求1所述的电致变色组件,其特征在于,所述第一刚性基材与第二刚性基材分别独立地包括钢化玻璃;
优选地,所述第一刚性基材的厚度为2-6mm;
优选地,所述第二刚性基材的厚度为2-6mm;
优选地,所述夹胶层的材料包括PVB胶膜和/或EVA胶膜;
优选地,所述夹胶层的厚度为0.38-1.14mm。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的电致变色组件,其特征在于,所述镀膜玻璃基材的表面镀有ITO膜层;
优选地,所述镀膜玻璃基材中的玻璃包括浮法玻璃;
优选地,所述浮法玻璃的厚度为1.9-2.1mm;
优选地,所述合金框架的材料包括铝合金;
优选地,所述合金框架的厚度为6-12mm。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的电致变色组件,其特征在于,所述第一透明导电层与第二透明导电层的材料分别独立地包括ITO薄膜;
优选地,所述第一透明导电层的厚度为100-400nm,优选为300nm;
优选地,所述第二透明导电层的厚度为100-400nm,优选为300nm。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的电致变色组件,其特征在于,所述阳极电致变色层的材料为NiOx,阴极电致变色层的材料为V2O5,其中,x为1-1.5。
6.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的电致变色组件,其特征在于,所述阳极电致变色层的材料为V2O5,阴极电致变色层的材料为WOx或V2O5,其中,x为2.5-3。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的电致变色组件,其特征在于,所述阳极电致变色层的厚度为100-400nm;
优选地,所述阴极电致变色层的厚度为200-700nm;
优选地,所述阴极电致变色层与阳极电致变色层的厚度比为(0.75-6.5):1。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的电致变色组件,其特征在于,所述离子导通层的材料包括SiO2和/或Al2O3
优选地,所述离子导通层的厚度为20-100nm,优选为30-50nm。
9.一种如权利要求1-8所述的电致变色组件的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
采用磁控溅射法在镀膜玻璃基材的表面镀制电致变色膜层,然后进行导线互联,得到电致变色基材;所得电致变色基材中靠近镀膜玻璃基材的一侧与第一刚性基材进行真空合片处理,远离镀膜玻璃基材的一侧依次与合金框架以及第二刚性基材进行封装处理,得到所述电致变色组件。
10.一种如权利要求1-8所述的电致变色组件的应用,其特征在于,所述电致变色组件用于制备电子变色玻璃幕墙、电子变色汽车天幕或电子变色显示器。
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CN104898344A (zh) * 2015-05-08 2015-09-09 上方能源技术(杭州)有限公司 一种全固态电致变色器件的制备方法及制得的电致变色玻璃
TW201710767A (zh) * 2015-09-08 2017-03-16 行政院原子能委員會核能研究所 全固態電致變色光圈裝置及其製造方法
CN109298578A (zh) * 2018-11-29 2019-02-01 东莞市银泰丰光学科技有限公司 一种复合型电致变色玻璃及其加工方法
WO2021197268A1 (zh) * 2020-04-01 2021-10-07 深圳市光羿科技有限公司 一种电致变色器件及其变色方法

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