CN116198199A - 一种阻燃耐磨建筑材料 - Google Patents

一种阻燃耐磨建筑材料 Download PDF

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CN116198199A
CN116198199A CN202310105417.3A CN202310105417A CN116198199A CN 116198199 A CN116198199 A CN 116198199A CN 202310105417 A CN202310105417 A CN 202310105417A CN 116198199 A CN116198199 A CN 116198199A
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parts
retardant
wear
flame
resistant
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张淑惠
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Guangdong Dayu Engineering Technology Co ltd
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Guangdong Dayu Engineering Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种阻燃耐磨建筑材料，由上中下三层组成：所述上下两层为耐磨层，其中所述耐磨层由以下重量份物质制成：树脂基体50‑60份，耐磨材料20‑30份，增强材料10‑20份，表面活性剂5‑10份；所述中间层为阻燃层，其中所述阻燃层由以下重量份物质制成：促进剂1‑5份，固化剂5‑8份，无机阻燃剂30‑50份，含磷多元醇15‑25份，乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷50‑80份。本发明设置多层耐磨材料与阻燃材料，比一般的材料更加耐磨与阻燃，多元化的组合了建筑材料，提高了材料的使用寿命，有利于以后的发展。

Description

一种阻燃耐磨建筑材料
技术领域
本发明属于建筑材料技术领域，特别是涉及一种阻燃耐磨建筑材料。
背景技术
建筑行业随着社会的发展而蓬勃而起，其中，建筑材料是建筑行业中必不可少的，随着城市化建设的日新月异，建筑材料也在不断替换，替换过程中其质量与安全性是首要考虑的因素，它关系到一个建筑的质量和人的生活品质。
现有的建筑材料只有某一方面的功能，不能同时具备阻燃耐磨的效果，导致其使用寿命短。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种阻燃耐磨建筑材料，设置多层耐磨材料与阻燃材料，比一般的材料更加耐磨与阻燃，多元化的组合了建筑材料，提高了材料的使用寿命，有利于以后的发展。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的一个技术方案是：提供一种阻燃耐磨建筑材料，由上中下三层组成：
所述上下两层为耐磨层，其中所述耐磨层由以下重量份物质制成：
树脂基体50-60份，
耐磨材料20-30份，
增强材料10-20份，
表面活性剂5-10份；
所述中间层为阻燃层，其中所述阻燃层由以下重量份物质制成：
促进剂1-5份，
固化剂5-8份，
无机阻燃剂30-50份，
含磷多元醇15-25份，
乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷50-80份；
进一步地说，所述耐磨层中还包括调节材料，调节材料的制备方法包括：取淀粉、碳素材料与植物材料混合，200℃热处理30min后粉碎、过20-50目筛。
进一步地说，所述调节材料用量占树脂基体的5-9％wt。
进一步地说，所述淀粉、碳素材料与植物材料的质量比(1-3):(4-7):(9-12)。
进一步地说，所述淀粉包括淀粉或改性淀粉；优选羧甲基淀粉。
进一步地说，所述碳素材料包括针状焦、油系焦炭、煤系焦炭中的一种或二种以上。
进一步地说，所述植物材料的制备方法为：取干燥的植物原料(含水量15％wt以下)，在220-250℃下热处理1-1.5h，粉碎后加入3倍质量的水，60-70℃下搅拌0.5-1h。
进一步地说，所述植物原料包括石莼或褐藻中的一种或二种以上。优选浒苔、海带或鼠尾藻中的一种。
所述阻燃耐磨建筑材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)将50-60份的树脂基体和20-30份的耐磨材料放在容器中搅拌，搅拌2小时后加入10-20份的增强材料和5-10份表面活性剂，继续搅拌，使其均匀混合，转速为120r/min；
2)将50-80份的乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、15-25份的含磷多元醇和30-50份的无机阻燃剂放在容器中搅拌，搅拌2小时后加入1-5份的促进剂和5-8份的固化剂，继续搅拌，使其均匀混合，转速为120r/min；
3)将步骤1)所得混合物倒入模具中，接着步骤2)所得混合物，之后再倒入步骤1)所述混合物，并用压片机在恒压条件下压制所需高度，使阻燃耐磨建筑材料初步成型；
4)将步骤3)所述的初步成型的阻燃耐磨建筑材料从模具中取出，放到200℃真空干燥箱中干燥48小时；
5)取出制品，在常温条件下养护十天，即可得到所需的阻燃耐磨建筑材料。
进一步地说，由上中下三层组成：
所述上下两层为耐磨层，其中所述耐磨层由以下重量份物质制成：
树脂基体55份，
耐磨材料25份，
增强材料15份，
表面活性剂6份；
所述中间层为阻燃层，其中所述阻燃层由以下重量份物质制成：
促进剂2份，
固化剂6份，
无机阻燃剂40份，
含磷多元醇20份，
乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷60份。
进一步地说，所述树脂基体为聚醚醚酮、聚苯硫醚、聚苯酯中的一种或几种混合物。
进一步地说，所述耐磨材料为聚四氟乙烯、石墨、二硫化钼中的一种或几种混合物。
进一步地说，所述增强材料为竹纤维或玻璃纤维。
进一步地说，所述表面活性剂为丙烯酸或明胶。
进一步地说，所述促进剂为二烷基二硫代磷酸锌。
进一步地说，所述固化剂为对羟基苯磺酸、正丁酯、甲基六氢苯酐、甲基四氢苯酐、月桂酸锡中的一种或几种混合物。
进一步地说，所述无机阻燃剂为氢氧化镁、硫酸镁、氢氧化铝、膨胀型石墨中的一种或几种混合物。
进一步地说，所述含磷多元醇为磷氮协效阻燃聚酯二元醇。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明阻燃耐磨建筑材料，设置多层耐磨材料与阻燃材料，比一般的材料更加耐磨与阻燃，多元化的组合了建筑材料，提高了材料的使用寿命，有利于以后的发展。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述，以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
实施例1
一种阻燃耐磨建筑材料，由上中下三层组成，其中上下两层为耐磨层，中间层为阻燃层组成。
所述耐磨层由以下重量的物质制成：
树脂基体60kg：聚醚醚酮60kg
耐磨材料30kg：聚四氟乙烯10kg+二硫化钼20kg
增强材料20kg：玻璃纤维20kg
表面活性剂10kg：丙烯酸10kg
所述阻燃层由以下重量的物质制成：
促进剂5kg：二烷基二硫代磷酸锌5kg
固化剂8kg：正丁酯2kg+甲基六氢苯酐2kg+甲基四氢苯酐2kg+月桂酸锡2kg
无机阻燃剂50kg：氢氧化镁25kg+硫酸镁25kg
含磷多元醇25kg：磷氮协效阻燃聚酯二元醇15kg
乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷80kg
一种阻燃耐磨建筑材料的制造方法，具体包括以下步骤：
1)将60kg的树脂基体和30kg的耐磨材料放在容器中搅拌，搅拌2小时后加入20kg的增强材料和10kg表面活性剂，继续搅拌，使其均匀混合，转速为120r/min。
2)将80kg的乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、25kg的含磷多元醇和50kg的无机阻燃剂放在容器中搅拌，搅拌2小时后加入5kg的促进剂和8kg的固化剂，继续搅拌，使其均匀混合，转速为120r/min；
3)将步骤1)所得混合物倒入模具中，接着步骤2)所得混合物，之后再倒入步骤1)所述混合物，并用压片机在恒压条件下压制所需高度，使阻燃耐磨建筑材料初步成型；
4)将步骤3)所述的初步成型的阻燃耐磨建筑材料从模具中取出，放到200℃真空干燥箱中干燥48小时；
5)取出制品，在常温条件下养护十天，即可得到所需的阻燃耐磨建筑材料。
实施例2
一种阻燃耐磨建筑材料，由上中下三层组成，其中上下两层为耐磨层，中间层为阻燃层组成。
所述耐磨层由以下重量份物质制成：
树脂基体57kg：聚苯硫醚30kg+聚苯酯27kg
耐磨材料28kg：石墨28kg
增强材料17kg：竹纤维17kg
表面活性剂8kg：明胶8kg
所述阻燃层由以下重量的物质制成：
促进剂3kg：二烷基二硫代磷酸锌3kg
固化剂7kg：对羟基苯磺酸3kg+正丁酯3kg+甲基六氢苯酐1kg
无机阻燃剂45kg：氢氧化铝25kg+膨胀型石墨20kg
含磷多元醇20kg：磷氮协效阻燃聚酯二元醇15kg
乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷70kg
所述一种阻燃耐磨建筑材料的制造方法，具体包括以下步骤：
1)将57kg的树脂基体和28kg的耐磨材料放在容器中搅拌，搅拌2小时后加入17kg的增强材料和8kg的表面活性剂，继续搅拌，使其均匀混合。转速为120r/min。
2)将70kg的乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、20kg的含磷多元醇和45kg的无机阻燃剂放在容器中搅拌，搅拌2小时后加入3kg的促进剂和7kg的固化剂，继续搅拌，使其均匀混合，转速为120r/min；
3)将步骤1)所得混合物倒入模具中，接着步骤2)所得混合物，之后再倒入步骤1)所述混合物，并用压片机在恒压条件下压制所需高度，使阻燃耐磨建筑材料初步成型；
4)将步骤3)所述的初步成型的阻燃耐磨建筑材料从模具中取出，放到200℃真空干燥箱中干燥48小时；
5)取出制品，在常温条件下养护十天，即可得到所需的阻燃耐磨建筑材料。
实施例3
一种阻燃耐磨建筑材料，由上中下三层组成，其中上下两层为耐磨层，中间层为阻燃层组成。
所述耐磨层由以下重量份物质组成：
树脂基体55kg：聚苯酯55kg
耐磨材料25kg：聚四氟乙烯15kg+石墨10kg
增强材料15kg：玻璃纤维15kg
表面活性剂6kg：丙烯酸6kg
所述阻燃层由以下重量的物质制成：
促进剂2kg：二烷基二硫代磷酸锌2kg
固化剂6kg：甲基六氢苯酐3kg+甲基四氢苯酐3kg
无机阻燃剂40kg：氢氧化铝40kg
含磷多元醇20kg：磷氮协效阻燃聚酯二元醇15kg
乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷60kg
所述一种阻燃耐磨建筑材料的制造方法，具体包括以下步骤：
1)将55kg的树脂基体和25kg的耐磨材料放在容器中搅拌，搅拌2小时后加入15kg的增强材料和6kg的表面活性剂，继续搅拌，使其均匀混合。转速为120r/min。
2)将60kg的乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、20kg的含磷多元醇和40kg的无机阻燃剂放在容器中搅拌，搅拌2小时后加入2kg的促进剂和6kg的固化剂，继续搅拌，使其均匀混合，转速为120r/min；
3)将步骤1)所得混合物倒入模具中，接着步骤2)所得混合物，之后再倒入步骤1)所述混合物，并用压片机在恒压条件下压制所需高度，使阻燃耐磨建筑材料初步成型；
4)将步骤3)所述的初步成型的阻燃耐磨建筑材料从模具中取出，放到200℃真空干燥箱中干燥48小时；
5)取出制品，在常温条件下养护十天，即可得到所需的阻燃耐磨建筑材料。
实施例4
本发明提供了一种阻燃耐磨建筑材料，由上中下三层组成，其中上下两层为耐磨层，中间层为阻燃层组成。
所述耐磨层由以下重量份物质组成：
树脂基体50kg：聚醚醚酮20kg+聚苯硫醚30kg
耐磨材料20kg：石墨10kg+二硫化钼10kg
增强材料10kg：竹纤维10kg
表面活性剂5kg：明胶5kg
所述阻燃层由以下重量的物质制成：
促进剂1kg：二烷基二硫代磷酸锌1kg
固化剂5kg：月桂酸锡5kg
无机阻燃剂30kg：硫酸镁10kg+氢氧化铝10kg+膨胀型石墨10kg
含磷多元醇15kg：磷氮协效阻燃聚酯二元醇15kg
乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷50kg
所述一种阻燃耐磨建筑材料的制造方法，具体包括以下步骤：
1)将50kg的树脂基体和20kg的耐磨材料放在容器中搅拌，搅拌2小时后加入10kg的增强材料和5kg的表面活性剂，继续搅拌，使其均匀混合。转速为120r/min。
2)将50kg的乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、15kg的含磷多元醇和30kg的无机阻燃剂放在容器中搅拌，搅拌2小时后加入1kg的促进剂和5kg的固化剂，继续搅拌，使其均匀混合，转速为120r/min；
3)将步骤1)所得混合物倒入模具中，接着步骤2)所得混合物，之后再倒入步骤1)所述混合物，并用压片机在恒压条件下压制所需高度，使阻燃耐磨建筑材料初步成型；
4)将步骤3)所述的初步成型的阻燃耐磨建筑材料从模具中取出，放到200℃真空干燥箱中干燥48小时；
5)取出制品，在常温条件下养护十天，即可得到所需的阻燃耐磨建筑材料。
对实施例1～4中制得的阻燃耐磨建筑材料分别进行阻燃性和耐磨性能测定，阻燃性的测试方法为：UL94，耐磨性能的测试方法为：General Motors DMN3943，结果如下表：
Figure BDA0004074580030000081
调节材料1制备：
取鼠尾藻干燥原料(含水量15％wt以下)，在220℃下热处理1h，粉碎过30目筛，加入3倍质量的水，60℃下搅拌1h，得到植物材料；
按2:5:10质量比取羧甲基淀粉、针状焦(预先粉碎过100目筛)与所得植物材料混合，200℃热处理30min后粉碎、过20目筛，得到调节材料1。
制备例2：调节材料2的制备：
取浒苔干燥原料(含水量15％wt以下)，在220℃下热处理1h，粉碎过30目筛，加入3倍质量的水，60℃下搅拌1h，得到植物材料；
按2:7:9质量比取羧甲基淀粉、针状焦(预先粉碎过100目筛)与所得植物材料混合，200℃热处理30min后粉碎、过20目筛，得到调节材料2。
实施例5在实施例4的基础上，耐磨层中还包括调节材料1，调节材料用量占树脂基体的5％wt，与树脂基体一起加入容器中。所得材料阻燃性性与实施例1-4形同，耐磨试验无明显划痕，磨耗率3.62Kg/m2。
实施例6在实施例4的基础上，耐磨层中还包括调节材料2，调节材料用量占树脂基体的9％wt，与树脂基体一起加入容器中。所得材料阻燃性性与实施例1-4形同，耐磨试验无明显划痕，磨耗率3.67Kg/m2。
对比例1与实施例2的区别在于：
调节材料的制备：
取浒苔干燥原料(含水量15％wt以下)，在220℃下热处理1h，粉碎过30目筛，加入3倍质量的水，60℃下搅拌1h，得到植物材料；
200℃热处理30min后粉碎、过20目筛，得到调节材料。
所得材料阻燃性性与实施例1-4形同，耐磨试验无明显划痕，磨耗率2.93Kg/m2。
对比例2与实施例2的区别在于：
调节材料的制备：
羧甲基淀粉200℃热处理30min后粉碎、过20目筛，得到调节材料
所得材料阻燃性性与实施例1-4形同，耐磨试验无明显划痕，磨耗率3.37Kg/m2。
对比例3与实施例2的区别在于：
调节材料的制备：
取针状焦(预先粉碎过100目筛)与所得植物材料混合，200℃热处理30min后粉碎、过20目筛，得到调节材料。
所得材料阻燃性性与实施例1-4形同，耐磨试验无明显划痕，磨耗率3.35Kg/m2。
对比例4与实施例2的区别在于：
调节材料的制备：
按2:7质量比取羧甲基淀粉、针状焦(预先粉碎过100目筛)混合，200℃热处理30min后粉碎、过20目筛，得到调节材料。
所得材料阻燃性性与实施例1-4形同，耐磨试验无明显划痕，磨耗率3.35Kg/m2。
对比例5与实施例2的区别在于：
调节材料的制备：
取浒苔干燥原料(含水量15％wt以下)，在220℃下热处理1h，粉碎过30目筛，加入3倍质量的水，60℃下搅拌1h，得到植物材料；
按2:9质量比取羧甲基淀粉与所得植物材料混合，200℃热处理30min后粉碎、过20目筛，得到调节材料。
所得材料阻燃性性与实施例1-4形同，耐磨试验无明显划痕，磨耗率3.15Kg/m2。
对比例6与实施例2的区别在于：
调节材料的制备：
取浒苔干燥原料(含水量15％wt以下)，在220℃下热处理1h，粉碎过30目筛，加入3倍质量的水，60℃下搅拌1h，得到植物材料；
按7:9质量比取针状焦(预先粉碎过100目筛)与所得植物材料混合，200℃热处理30min后粉碎、过20目筛，得到调节材料。
所得材料阻燃性性与实施例1-4形同，耐磨试验无明显划痕，磨耗率3.07Kg/m2。
对比例7与实施例2的区别在于：
调节材料的制备：
取浒苔干燥原料(含水量15％wt以下)，在220℃下热处理1h，粉碎过30目筛，加入3倍质量的水，60℃下搅拌1h，得到植物材料；
按2:7:9质量比取羧甲基淀粉、针状焦(预先粉碎过100目筛)与所得植物材料混合，得到调节材料。
所得材料阻燃性性与实施例1-4形同，耐磨试验无明显划痕，磨耗率3.44Kg/m2。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书所作的等效结构变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种阻燃耐磨建筑材料，其特征在于：由上中下三层组成：
所述上下两层为耐磨层，其中所述耐磨层由以下重量份物质制成：
树脂基体50-60份，
耐磨材料20-30份，
增强材料10-20份，
表面活性剂5-10份；
所述中间层为阻燃层，其中所述阻燃层由以下重量份物质制成：
促进剂1-5份，
固化剂5-8份，
无机阻燃剂30-50份，
含磷多元醇15-25份，
乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷50-80份；
所述阻燃耐磨建筑材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)将50-60份的树脂基体和20-30份的耐磨材料放在容器中搅拌，搅拌2小时后加入10-20份的增强材料和5-10份的表面活性剂，继续搅拌，使其均匀混合，转速为120r/min；
2)将50-80份的乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、15-25份的含磷多元醇和30-50份的无机阻燃剂放在容器中搅拌，搅拌2小时后加入1-5份的促进剂和5-8份的固化剂，继续搅拌，使其均匀混合，转速为120r/min；
3)将步骤1)所得混合物倒入模具中，接着步骤2)所得混合物，之后再倒入步骤1)所述混合物，并用压片机在恒压条件下压制所需高度，使阻燃耐磨建筑材料初步成型；
4)将步骤3)所述的初步成型的阻燃耐磨建筑材料从模具中取出，放到200℃真空干燥箱中干燥48小时；
5)取出制品，在常温条件下养护十天，即可得到所需的阻燃耐磨建筑材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃耐磨建筑材料，其特征在于：由上中下三层组成：
所述上下两层为耐磨层，其中所述耐磨层由以下重量份物质制成：
树脂基体55份，
耐磨材料25份，
增强材料15份，
表面活性剂6份；
所述中间层为阻燃层，其中所述阻燃层由以下重量份物质制成：
促进剂2份，
固化剂6份，
无机阻燃剂40份，
含磷多元醇20份，
乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷60份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃耐磨建筑材料，其特征在于：所述树脂基体为聚醚醚酮、聚苯硫醚、聚苯酯中的一种或几种混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃耐磨建筑材料，其特征在于：所述耐磨材料为聚四氟乙烯、石墨、二硫化钼中的一种或几种混合物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃耐磨建筑材料，其特征在于：所述增强材料为竹纤维或玻璃纤维。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃耐磨建筑材料，其特征在于：所述表面活性剂为丙烯酸或明胶。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃耐磨建筑材料，其特征在于：所述促进剂为二烷基二硫代磷酸锌。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃耐磨建筑材料，其特征在于：所述固化剂为对羟基苯磺酸、正丁酯、甲基六氢苯酐、甲基四氢苯酐、月桂酸锡中的一种或几种混合物。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃耐磨建筑材料，其特征在于：所述无机阻燃剂为氢氧化镁、硫酸镁、氢氧化铝、膨胀型石墨中的一种或几种混合物。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃耐磨建筑材料，其特征在于：所述含磷多元醇为磷氮协效阻燃聚酯二元醇。
CN202310105417.3A 2023-02-13 2023-02-13 一种阻燃耐磨建筑材料 Pending CN116198199A (zh)

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