CN116194424A - Application of double-layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material in engine - Google Patents
Application of double-layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material in engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN116194424A CN116194424A CN202180035831.0A CN202180035831A CN116194424A CN 116194424 A CN116194424 A CN 116194424A CN 202180035831 A CN202180035831 A CN 202180035831A CN 116194424 A CN116194424 A CN 116194424A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical group N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 126
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 58
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 58
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 30
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 19
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002355 dual-layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
- C04B35/584—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on silicon nitride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C12/00—Powdered glass; Bead compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C14/00—Glass compositions containing a non-glass component, e.g. compositions containing fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like, dispersed in a glass matrix
- C03C14/004—Glass compositions containing a non-glass component, e.g. compositions containing fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like, dispersed in a glass matrix the non-glass component being in the form of particles or flakes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/36—Glass starting materials for making ceramics, e.g. silica glass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
- C04B2235/9607—Thermal properties, e.g. thermal expansion coefficient
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
Abstract
Use of a bilayer composition of a silicon nitride ceramic and a glass material in an engine, wherein the inner layer is a layer of silicon nitride ceramic material in contact with a piston, having a thermal expansion rate equal to or lower than 5 (×10-6/°c) from 0-40 ℃ to 900 ℃; the outer layer is a glass material layer which is wrapped by a silicon nitride ceramic material layer, and the glass material layer comprises the following components: the heat conductivity coefficient is less than 5w/[ (m.K) ], the heat diffusivity is less than 5mm < 2 >/S, the heat expansion rate from 0-40 ℃ to 800 ℃ is equal to or lower than 8 (x 10 < -6 >/DEG C), the softening point temperature is more than 800 ℃, the aluminum oxide content is 1-46%, the magnesium oxide content is 0-15%, the silicon oxide content is 30-82%, the calcium oxide content is 0-15% and the boron oxide content is 0-15% by weight. The application can promote the progress of the engine and the turbine industry, greatly improve the heat efficiency, greatly improve the engine horsepower, greatly save the energy, greatly reduce the carbon emission and slow down the global climate warming when the fuel oil is the same.
Description
The present invention relates to the field of new materials combining inventions and technical elements (in particular, position elements) changing inventions, and the field of inventions for application in engines, and in particular to the application of a double layer composition of silicon nitride ceramics and glass materials in engines.
The existing glass materials, ceramic materials, natural mineral materials, metal materials and glass ceramics materials and various prior art product schemes cannot have the following 6 properties at the same time:
A. low coefficient of friction performance; B. low thermal diffusivity mm 2 Performance of/S (i.e., the ability of an object to be heated or cooled to a uniform temperature, i.e., good thermal shock resistance); C. the property of low thermal conductivity to prevent heat loss; D. low thermal expansion properties; E. high softening point (deformation point); F. corrosion resistant chemistry and wear resistance.
The double-layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass materials can utilize new properties and can practically solve 4 important industrial technical problems of metal engines and gas turbines:
the self-lubricating performance of the surface air film layer generated when the silicon nitride material is stressed, especially the self-lubricating performance of the low friction coefficient of the magnetic levitation train (namely the working state without lubricating oil, the effect similar to lubricating oil can be generated), for example, the silicon nitride material is adopted for a large-scale bearing of wind power, and the lubricating oil is not added for decades). Therefore, the technical problems that the friction coefficient of a metal engine cylinder is large and the engine efficiency is seriously affected can be better overcome; therefore, the technical problem that the lubricant effect of the engine oil is reduced due to the fact that the engine oil of the organic lubricant is carbonized and failed in a high-temperature environment of an engine cylinder can be better solved.
The silicon nitride material has the characteristics of low thermal expansion coefficient, i.e. the thermal expansion property of the silicon nitride material with the thermal expansion coefficient equal to or lower than 4 (multiplied by 10 < -6 >/DEG C) from 0-40 ℃ to 900 ℃, cold and hot impact resistance, and the silicon nitride material can resist the cold and hot impact, is heated to more than 1000 ℃ at 0-40 ℃, is rapidly cooled and then rapidly heated, and is not cracked, namely, the silicon nitride material has good thermal shock resistance, and is better than various aluminum alloy, gray cast iron metal, zirconia ceramic, alumina ceramic and mullite ceramic, so that the problem that the metal engine cylinder is difficult to start under cold climatic conditions and the industrial technology is damaged when the metal engine cylinder is driven under severe road environment with the accelerator being continuously and rapidly increased and reduced is continuously and rapidly can be overcome; the technical effect of prolonging the service life of the engine can be produced.
And 3, the softening point modification point temperature of the silicon nitride material and the glass material is much better than the thermal shock resistance of various aluminum alloy, gray cast iron metal, zirconia ceramics, alumina ceramics and mullite ceramics. Therefore, the problems in the prior art of the metal engine and the gas turbine can be better overcome and solved, and the problems are as follows: the metal engine and the gas turbine can be deformed to the limit in the cylinder beyond the deformation point (350-450 ℃), so that only cooling water is used for removing heat, and the great technical problem of heat loss is caused.
4. Since the glass material in the bilayer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material is less than 7w/[ (m.K)]Is the thermal conductivity of (meaning fluid or object and objectHeat transfer quantity per unit area per unit time) is much better than that of various aluminum alloys, gray cast iron metals, zirconia ceramics, alumina ceramics and mullite ceramics. Therefore, when heat energy passes through the glass material layer, the heat energy can be blocked by the glass material layer with low heat conductivity coefficient, and the problems in the prior art of metal engines and gas turbines can be overcome and solved, namely: the thermal diffusivity of engine cylinder of metal engine and gas turbine is greater than 50-120mm 2 S, the thermal conductivity is greater than 50-120w/[ (m.K)]The heat energy can be rapidly lost, and the heat energy utilization rate of the metal engine is only 30-35% which is a big problem of industrial technology.
Because the temperature of 300 ℃ can only be born in the cylinder of the metal engine for a long time, the cylinder must be quickly cooled by cooling water, otherwise, the cylinder is pulled to damage the engine; the temperature of the engine cylinder with the double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material can be higher than that of the engine cylinder with the metal, and can be kept at 800-1000 ℃ for a long time without being rapidly cooled by cooling water, so that fuel oil in the engine cylinder with the double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material can be fully combusted, gases such as carbon dioxide and the like can be effectively removed, and carbon emission of the engine with the double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material can be greatly reduced compared with that of the metal engine.
Therefore, the double-layer composition engine cylinder of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material in the cylinder can be kept at 800-1000 ℃ for a long time without being quickly cooled by cooling water, so that more heat energy values in the double-layer composition engine cylinder of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material can be converted into mechanical power, the large problem of the industrial technology that the heat energy utilization rate is only 30-35% in the prior art can be solved, and the heat energy utilization rate in the double-layer composition engine cylinder of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material can be improved to 70-85%. Therefore, the invention can greatly improve the heat efficiency, greatly save energy, thoroughly and greatly reduce carbon emission (can greatly change and upgrade the existing national six-emission standard of automobiles and European emission standard) and can produce the technical effect of slowing down the new trend of global warming in the industries of engines and turbines in the fields of automobiles, ships, airplanes, diesel, coal and natural gas power generation.
The invention solves 5 important technical problems of the metal engine and the gas turbine by utilizing the new property, and generates new technical effects-the application invention. As long as 1 new property of 5 new properties is utilized, the great problems of 1 industrial technology of 4 great technical problems of the metal engine and the gas turbine are solved, and the technical effects of greatly improving the heat efficiency, greatly saving energy sources, thoroughly and greatly reducing carbon emission (the six emission standards of the existing automobile and the emission standards of Europe can be greatly changed and upgraded) and generating a new trend of slowing down global climate warming are generated. The application of the double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material in an engine has outstanding substantive characteristics and remarkable progress, and has the creativity specified in the 3 rd clause of the patent law 22.
Automobile companies, marine companies, aircraft companies, thermal electric turbine companies in all countries now, such as: automobile companies such as Toyota automobile company, honda, etc.; automobile companies such as German BMW and the masses; universal motor company and ford motor company in the united states; korean modern car company and sub car company; automobile companies such as Shanghai automobile company, jili automobile company and great wall; and middle marine group company, three-well marine diesel engine company; commercial aircraft company in China;volvo (Wolv)A company;middle and far groupsA company;zhonghai groupA company;japan carrierA company; kawasaki steamboat company; shanghai steam turbine company; c919 large aircraft engines inc; boeing aircraft engines company; air-passenger aircraft engine companies, etc., have established specialized research institutes:
study 1. How to overcome the metal material of the engine cylinder, namely the friction coefficient is also large when adding lubricating oil, the technical problem that the engine efficiency is seriously affected is produced; how to overcome the technical problems that the lubricant effect of the engine oil is reduced when the engine oil of the organic lubricant is carbonized and failed in a high-temperature environment of a metal engine cylinder, and the engine efficiency is seriously affected.
Research 2 how to overcome the difficulty of starting a metal engine cylinder body in cold climates and how to drive in severe driving environments with continuously and rapidly increasing and continuously and rapidly decreasing the accelerator because the thermal diffusivity of the metal material is more than 8-30mm 2 Poor performance of/S (i.e., the ability of the object to be heated or cooled to a uniform temperature, i.e., poor thermal shock resistance, which can cause problems with the industrial art of damaging metal engine blocks, and with the industrial art of reducing engine life.
Research 3 is being conducted on how to overcome and solve the problems of prior art metal engine and turbine cylinders that can develop metal engine cylinder damage beyond the extreme deformation temperature properties of the metal material (350-450 c). Namely, because of the great technical problems of poor high-temperature thermal expansion property and low temperature of the limit deformation point of the metal material, and the high friction coefficient and the thermal diffusivity of the metal material technology 2 The great technical problems of poor performance of/S and poor performance of the heat conductivity coefficient w/(m.K), so that the metal engine and the air turbine cylinder can only completely remove heat affecting the metal material exceeding the limit deformation temperature (350-450 ℃) by using cooling water, thus causing the great technical problems that the fuel heat energy value of the current metal engine and air turbine industry technology is converted into the heat efficiency of mechanical power by only 30-35%, and 30-35% of the fuel heat energy value has to be lost from the air cylinder wall (wherein 20-30% of the fuel heat energy value is inevitably lost when the air cylinder is exhausted, and the turbocharging technology can only recover a small part of the fuel heat energy value of the air cylinder exhaust).
Research 4. The current metal engine and gas turbine industry technology creates the technical problem that the temperature in the metal engine cylinder is very low and the oil can not be fully combusted and the carbon dioxide and other gases can not be thoroughly removed in the fields of automobiles, ships, airplanes, diesel and coal and natural gas power generation.
New solutions are needed to bring about advances in the engine and turbine industries: the heat efficiency and the technical effects of greatly improving the engine horsepower, greatly saving energy, thoroughly reducing carbon emission (the six emission standards of the existing automobile and the emission standards of Europe can be greatly changed and upgraded) and generating a new trend of slowing down global warming when the fuel oil is the same are greatly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides application of a double-layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material in the field of engines.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
use of a bilayer composition of a silicon nitride ceramic and a glass material in an engine, characterized in that the inner layer is a layer of silicon nitride ceramic material in contact with the piston, having a thermal expansion rate equal to or lower than 5 (×10-6/°c) from 0-40 ℃ to 900 ℃; the outer layer is a glass material layer which is wrapped by a silicon nitride ceramic material layer, and the heat conductivity coefficient is less than 5w/[ (m.K)]Thermal diffusivity is less than 5mm 2 and/S, wherein the thermal expansion rate of the material from 0-40 ℃ to 800 ℃ is equal to or lower than 8 (x 10 < -6 >/DEG C), the softening point temperature is more than 800 ℃, the alumina content is 1-46%, the magnesia content is 0-15%, the silica content is 30-82%, the calcium oxide content is 0-15% and the boron oxide content is 0-15% by weight.
The inner layer is a silicon nitride ceramic material layer in contact with the piston, and the thermal expansion rate of the silicon nitride ceramic material layer from 0-40 ℃ to 1200 ℃ is equal to or lower than 6 (multiplied by 10 < -6 >/DEG C.).
The heat conductivity of the glass material layer which is wrapped by the silicon nitride ceramic material layer is less than 4w/[ (m.K)]Thermal diffusivity is less than 4mm 2 and/S, which has a thermal expansion rate of 8 (10 < -6 >/DEG C) or less from 0 to 40 ℃ to 1000 ℃ and a softening point temperature of > 1000 ℃.
The double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material is used for cylinder liners of vehicle engines, ship engines, heat engine piston type aircraft engines, engineering machinery engines and fuel generators.
Further, the double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material is covered on the combustion chamber of the turbine engine of the heat engine type and the outer shell surface layer of the turbine.
Further, the double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material is covered on the steam chamber wall of the steam turbine and/or the surface layer of a cylinder layer and/or the surface layer of a steam nozzle and/or the surface layer of a steel disc and/or the surface layer of a blade and/or the surface layer of a cylinder body and/or the surface layer of a steam conveying pipeline.
Further, the double-layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material is covered on the surface of a cylinder sleeve of a piston engine of a generator and/or a shell of a turbocharging system component.
Further, the double-layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material is used for engines of the thermo-mechanical type.
Further, the double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material is covered on the surface of a shell of a turbocharging system component of a heat engine type engine.
Further, the double-layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material is used for a cylinder head and/or a piston pin and/or a connecting rod and/or an intake valve and/or an exhaust valve of a heat engine.
Further, the double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material is used for a tubular material in a high-temperature environment.
The present invention will be further described in the following for a more clear and complete description of the technical solution of the present invention.
Use of a bilayer composition of a silicon nitride ceramic and a glass material in an engine, wherein the inner layer is a layer of silicon nitride ceramic material in contact with a piston, having a thermal expansion rate equal to or lower than 5 (×10-6/°c) from 0-40 ℃ to 900 ℃; the outer layer is wrapped with a silicon nitride ceramic material layerA glass material layer that: the thermal conductivity is less than 5w/[ (m.K)]Thermal diffusivity is less than 5mm 2 and/S, wherein the thermal expansion rate of the material from 0-40 ℃ to 800 ℃ is equal to or lower than 8 (x 10 < -6 >/DEG C), the softening point temperature is more than 800 ℃, the alumina content is 1-46%, the magnesia content is 0-15%, the silica content is 30-82%, the calcium oxide content is 0-15% and the boron oxide content is 0-15% by weight.
The double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material and the application thereof, wherein the inner layer is a silicon nitride ceramic material layer contacted with a piston, and the thermal expansion rate of the silicon nitride ceramic material layer is equal to or lower than 6 (multiplied by 10 < -6 >/DEG C) from 0 ℃ to 40 ℃ to 1200 ℃;
the double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material and the application thereof, wherein the glass material layer which is wrapped by the silicon nitride ceramic material layer has a heat conduction coefficient of less than 4w/[ (m.K)]Thermal diffusivity is less than 4mm 2 and/S, which has a thermal expansion rate of 8 (10 < -6 >/DEG C) or less from 0 to 40 ℃ to 1000 ℃ and a softening point temperature of > 1000 ℃.
In this embodiment, the two-layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material and its application softening temperature and thermal expansion rate were tested by the ejector pin method of a german relaxation-resistant instrument under the following conditions: the temperature rise rate is 5 ℃/min.
Example 1
Use of a bilayer composition of a silicon nitride ceramic and a glass material in an engine, wherein said inner layer is a layer of silicon nitride ceramic material in contact with a piston, having a thermal expansion rate equal to or lower than 5 (×10-6/°c) from 0-40 ℃ to 900 ℃; the outer layer is a glass material layer which is wrapped by a silicon nitride ceramic material layer, and the glass material layer comprises the following components: the thermal conductivity is less than 5w/[ (m.K)]Thermal diffusivity is less than 5mm 2 and/S, wherein the thermal expansion rate of the material from 0-40 ℃ to 800 ℃ is equal to or lower than 8 (x 10 < -6 >/DEG C), the softening point temperature is more than 800 ℃, the alumina content is 1-46%, the magnesia content is 0-15%, the silica content is 30-82%, the calcium oxide content is 0-15% and the boron oxide content is 0-15% by weight.
The bilayer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material of example 1 has the following 6 properties:
A. low coefficient of friction performance; B. low thermal diffusivity mm 2 Performance of/S (i.e., the ability of an object to be heated or cooled to a uniform temperature, i.e., good thermal shock resistance); C. the property of low thermal conductivity to prevent heat loss; D. low thermal expansion properties; E. high softening point (deformation point); f corrosion resistant chemical properties and wear resistance properties.
The double layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material of example 1 can take advantage of the new properties to actually solve 4 significant industrial technical problems of metal engines and turbines:
the self-lubricating performance of the surface air film layer generated when the silicon nitride material is stressed, especially the self-lubricating performance of the low friction coefficient of the magnetic levitation train (namely the working state without lubricating oil, the effect similar to lubricating oil can be generated), for example, the silicon nitride material is adopted for a large-scale bearing of wind power, and the lubricating oil is not added for decades). Therefore, the technical problems that the friction coefficient of a metal engine cylinder is large and the engine efficiency is seriously affected can be better overcome; therefore, the technical problem that the lubricant effect of the engine oil is reduced due to the fact that the engine oil of the organic lubricant is carbonized and failed in a high-temperature environment of an engine cylinder can be better solved.
The silicon nitride material has the characteristics of high thermal shock resistance, namely high thermal shock resistance, that is, the silicon nitride material has low thermal expansion coefficient, that is, the thermal expansion coefficient is equal to or lower than 4 (multiplied by 10 < -6 >/DEG C), from 0 ℃ to 40 ℃ and is equal to or lower than 900 ℃, cold and hot shock resistance, that is, the silicon nitride material can resist the cold and hot shock, and can be rapidly cooled and rapidly heated, and can not be disintegrated, namely, the silicon nitride material has high thermal shock resistance, which is better than that of various aluminum alloy, gray cast iron metal, zirconia ceramics, alumina ceramics and mullite ceramics, so that the problem that the metal engine cylinder is difficult to start in cold climatic conditions can be better overcome, and the industrial technology of damage can be caused when the metal engine cylinder is driven in severe road environment with the accelerator being continuously and rapidly increased and the accelerator being continuously and rapidly reduced can be caused; the technical effect of prolonging the service life of the engine can be produced.
And 3, the softening point modification point temperature of the silicon nitride material and the glass material is much better than the thermal shock resistance of various aluminum alloy, gray cast iron metal, zirconia ceramics, alumina ceramics and mullite ceramics. Therefore, the prior art problems of the metal engine and the gas turbine can be better overcome and solved, and the problems are as follows: the metal engine and the gas turbine can be deformed to the limit in the cylinder beyond the deformation point (350-450 ℃), so that only cooling water is used for removing heat, and the great technical problem of heat loss is caused.
4. Since the glass material in the bilayer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material is less than 7w/[ (m.K)]The heat conductivity coefficient (which is expressed by the heat transfer quantity of fluid or object and object in unit time and unit area) of the ceramic is much better than the heat shock resistance of various aluminum alloys, gray cast iron metals, zirconia ceramics, alumina ceramics and mullite ceramics. Therefore, when heat energy passes through the glass material layer, the heat energy can be blocked by the glass material layer with low heat conductivity coefficient, and the problems in the prior art of metal engines and gas turbines can be overcome and solved, namely: the thermal diffusivity of engine cylinder of metal engine and gas turbine is greater than 50-120mm 2 S, the thermal conductivity is greater than 50-120w/[ (m.K)]The heat energy can be rapidly lost, and the heat energy utilization rate of the metal engine is only 30-35% which is a big problem of industrial technology.
Because the temperature of 300 ℃ can only be born in the cylinder of the metal engine for a long time, the cylinder must be quickly cooled by cooling water, otherwise, the cylinder is pulled to damage the engine; the temperature of the engine cylinder with the double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material can be higher than that of the engine cylinder with the metal, and can be kept at 800-1000 ℃ for a long time without being rapidly cooled by cooling water, so that fuel oil in the engine cylinder with the double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material can be fully combusted, gases such as carbon dioxide and the like can be effectively removed, and carbon emission of the engine with the double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material can be greatly reduced compared with that of the metal engine.
Therefore, the double-layer composition engine cylinder of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material in the cylinder can be kept at 800-1000 ℃ for a long time without being quickly cooled by cooling water, so that more heat energy values in the double-layer composition engine cylinder of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material can be converted into mechanical power, the large problem of the industrial technology that the heat energy utilization rate is only 30-35% in the prior art can be solved, and the heat energy utilization rate in the double-layer composition engine cylinder of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material can be improved to 70-85%. Therefore, the invention can greatly improve the heat efficiency, greatly save energy, thoroughly and greatly reduce carbon emission (can greatly change and upgrade the existing national six-emission standard of automobiles and European emission standard) and can produce the technical effect of slowing down the new trend of global warming in the industries of engines and turbines in the fields of automobiles, ships, airplanes, diesel, coal and natural gas power generation.
Moreover, the double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material and the application thereof are greatly superior to the metal material engine and turbine and other high-temperature heat insulation materials in terms of corrosion resistance chemical property, wear resistance and hardness property in terms of the use of the engine and turbine and the high-temperature heat insulation materials.
Applicant why in this example the thermal conductivity of the double layer composition defining the silicon nitride ceramic and glass material and its use is less than 5w/[ (m.k)]Thermal diffusivity is less than 5mm 2 and/S, which has a thermal expansion rate of 8 (10 < -6 >/DEG C) or less from 0 to 40 ℃ to 800 ℃ and a softening point temperature of > 800 ℃. The reason is that the above new properties are found and repeatedly proven by the inventors through a lot of experiments, and in this example, it is pointed out that only then can the double layer composition of silicon nitride ceramics and glass materials be produced and the application thereof can have 6 new properties at the same time, and 4 important technical problems of the metal engine gas turbine can be solved by utilizing the properties.
This is because is known to those skilled in the art because in cylinder operation of a metal automotive engine where the displacement is small (e.g., in the range of 1 liter to 4 liters), the piston may move up and down in the cylinder approximately 1000 times per minute. The gas is ignited to expand at 1200 deg.c and 15-18 times fast to convert the heat value of fuel oil into mechanical energy to push the piston. At this time, if the temperature gas temperature in the combustion expansion in the cylinder reaches 500-600 ℃ at the normal speed of 120 km; the problem that the prior art metal engine cylinder generates limit expansion deformation at 350-450 ℃ to cause rapid movement of a piston and deformation of the cylinder body to pull out the engine is solved, so that only a cooling water system is designed to rapidly reduce the temperature of the metal engine cylinder to 200 ℃ with a safety coefficient; the heat value energy of the fuel oil and the heat value energy of the metal engine cylinder are taken away in a large quantity, so that the heat energy utilization rate of the metal engine can only have the technical problem of 35-40.
The double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material is not limited to be unchanged at 500-600 ℃ and is not changed at 800 ℃ with the addition of the safety coefficient of 150-200 ℃. Can be suitable for various middle and small-sized automobiles, namely, when a driver touches a vehicle with a normal speed of 120 km to 150 km or more and if the vehicle is accelerated upward by a high-speed accelerator, the temperature of the gas in the cylinder during combustion and expansion can exceed 500-600 ℃ to reach a special state of 700-800 ℃. Can be suitable for various small and medium-sized automobiles, and when the automobiles run to 200 km/h in some countries such as European state, the gas temperature can exceed 500-600 ℃ and reach the special state of 700-800 ℃.
The first embodiment, namely the double layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material as defined in claim 1 and the use thereof, therefore, is a safety solution in design with a safety factor in that the glass material has a softening point > 800 ℃ and rises from 0-40 ℃ to 800 ℃. That is, the double-layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material and the application thereof in the operation of engine cylinders can keep the fuel oil heat energy value at 800 ℃ to convert the fuel oil heat energy value into larger mechanical energy without generating limit expansion deformation.
Is suitable for the application of the vehicle engine with ordinary displacement (the exhaust gas quantity is below 4 liters) in specific application.
In this embodiment, the silicon nitride ceramic of the present invention is used in the inner layer position of the engine cylinder, which is pulled and rubbed with the piston thousands times per minute, and because the porosity of the sintered silicon nitride ceramic is 18-20% (the inner wall of the metal engine cylinder is designed with a plurality of fine groove structures for preserving lubricating oil), the present invention is favorable for the engine lubricating oil to enter the pores, so that the cylinder body has the function of slightly decomposing the silicon nitride friction surface to form a thin gas film, thereby reducing the sliding resistance between the friction surfaces. And the engine lubricating oil enters the pores of 18-20 and has full lubricating oil effect, thereby producing dual effects of reducing resistance and saving energy.
Compared with the prior art of the double-layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material, or compared with the prior art of the double-layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material, the inner wall of the engine cylinder is smooth because the silicon nitride powder particles or other ceramic or solid powder particles are wrapped after the glass powder particles are melted during sintering, and 18-20 pores are not formed because the pores are filled with glass. It is also necessary to manufacture a plurality of fine groove structures for preserving lubricating oil on silicon nitride or various ceramic materials having high hardness. The present invention (application of a double layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material in an engine) has the advantage of saving the manufacturing cost compared with the present inventors (original patent technology of other double layer compositions of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material and original double layer compositions of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material). The silicon nitride friction surface in the cylinder body can be decomposed slightly to form a thin air film, so that the sliding resistance between friction surfaces is reduced, and the double lubrication effect can be achieved by the action of lubricating oil. The effects of reducing resistance and saving energy can be produced.
In addition, compared with the patent technology of a double-layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material or the patent technology of a double-layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material, the invention (the application of the double-layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material in an engine) has the advantages that compared with the technology of the invention, the surface area of the inner wall surface layer of the cylinder of the engine is the complete silicon nitride material, the silicon nitride friction surface with larger area in the cylinder body can be slightly decomposed to form a thin gas film, so that the sliding resistance between friction surfaces is reduced in the larger area, and the effects of larger resistance reduction and energy saving can be produced.
Example 2
Use of a bilayer composition of a silicon nitride ceramic and a glass material in an engine, wherein said inner layer is a layer of silicon nitride ceramic material in contact with a piston, having a thermal expansion rate equal to or lower than 6 (×10-6/°c) from 0-40 ℃ to 1200 ℃; the outer layer is a glass material layer which is wrapped by a silicon nitride ceramic material layer, and the glass material layer comprises the following components: the thermal conductivity is less than 5w/[ (m.K)]Thermal diffusivity is less than 5mm 2 and/S, wherein the thermal expansion rate of the material from 0-40 ℃ to 800 ℃ is equal to or lower than 8 (x 10 < -6 >/DEG C), the softening point temperature is more than 1100 ℃, the alumina content is 30-46%, the magnesia content is 0-15%, the silica content is 30-82%, the calcium oxide content is 0-15% and the boron oxide content is 0-15% by weight.
The bilayer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material of example 2 has the following 6 properties:
A. low coefficient of friction performance; B. low thermal diffusivity mm 2 Performance of/S (i.e., the ability of an object to be heated or cooled to a uniform temperature, i.e., good thermal shock resistance); C. the property of low thermal conductivity to prevent heat loss; D. low thermal expansion properties; E. high softening point (deformation point); f corrosion resistant chemical properties and wear resistance properties.
The double layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material of example 1 can take advantage of the new properties to actually solve 4 significant industrial technical problems of metal engines and turbines:
the self-lubricating performance of the surface air film layer generated when the silicon nitride material is stressed, especially the self-lubricating performance of the low friction coefficient of the magnetic levitation train (namely the working state without lubricating oil, the effect similar to lubricating oil can be generated), for example, the silicon nitride material is adopted for a large-scale bearing of wind power, and the lubricating oil is not added for decades). Therefore, the technical problems that the friction coefficient of a metal engine cylinder is large and the engine efficiency is seriously affected can be better overcome; therefore, the technical problem that the lubricant effect of the engine oil is reduced due to the fact that the engine oil of the organic lubricant is carbonized and failed in a high-temperature environment of an engine cylinder can be better solved.
The silicon nitride material has the characteristics of high thermal shock resistance, namely high thermal shock resistance, that is, the silicon nitride material has low thermal expansion coefficient, that is, the thermal expansion coefficient is equal to or lower than 4 (multiplied by 10 < -6 >/DEG C), from 0 ℃ to 40 ℃ and is equal to or lower than 900 ℃, cold and hot shock resistance, that is, the silicon nitride material can resist the cold and hot shock, and can be rapidly cooled and rapidly heated, and can not be disintegrated, namely, the silicon nitride material has high thermal shock resistance, which is better than that of various aluminum alloy, gray cast iron metal, zirconia ceramics, alumina ceramics and mullite ceramics, so that the problem that the metal engine cylinder is difficult to start in cold climatic conditions can be better overcome, and the industrial technology of damage can be caused when the metal engine cylinder is driven in severe road environment with the accelerator being continuously and rapidly increased and the accelerator being continuously and rapidly reduced can be caused; the technical effect of prolonging the service life of the engine can be produced.
And 3, the softening point modification point temperature of the silicon nitride material and the glass material is much better than the thermal shock resistance of various aluminum alloy, gray cast iron metal, zirconia ceramics, alumina ceramics and mullite ceramics. Therefore, the problems in the prior art of the metal engine and the gas turbine can be better overcome and solved, and the problems are as follows: the metal engine and the gas turbine can be deformed to the limit in the cylinder beyond the deformation point (350-450 ℃), so that only cooling water is used for removing heat, and the great technical problem of heat loss is caused.
4. Since the glass material in the bilayer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material is less than 7w/[ (m.K)]The heat conductivity coefficient (which is expressed by the heat transfer quantity of fluid or object and object in unit time and unit area) of the ceramic is much better than the heat shock resistance of various aluminum alloys, gray cast iron metals, zirconia ceramics, alumina ceramics and mullite ceramics. Therefore, when heat energy passes through the glass material layer, the heat energy can be blocked by the glass material layer with low heat conductivity coefficient, and the problems in the prior art of metal engines and gas turbines can be overcome and solved, namely: the thermal diffusivity of engine cylinder of metal engine and gas turbine is greater than 50-120mm 2 S, the thermal conductivity is greater than 50-120w/[ (m.K)]The heat energy can be rapidly lost, and the heat energy utilization rate of the metal engine is only 30-35% which is a big problem of industrial technology.
Because the temperature of 300 ℃ can only be born in the cylinder of the metal engine for a long time, the cylinder must be quickly cooled by cooling water, otherwise, the cylinder is pulled to damage the engine; the temperature of the engine cylinder with the double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material can be higher than that of the engine cylinder with the metal, and can be kept at 800-1000 ℃ for a long time without being rapidly cooled by cooling water, so that fuel oil in the engine cylinder with the double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material can be fully combusted, gases such as carbon dioxide and the like can be effectively removed, and carbon emission of the engine with the double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material can be greatly reduced compared with that of the metal engine.
Therefore, the double-layer composition engine cylinder of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material in the cylinder can be kept at 800-1000 ℃ for a long time without being quickly cooled by cooling water, so that more heat energy values in the double-layer composition engine cylinder of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material can be converted into mechanical power, the large problem of the industrial technology that the heat energy utilization rate is only 30-35% in the prior art can be solved, and the heat energy utilization rate in the double-layer composition engine cylinder of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material can be improved to 70-85%. Therefore, the invention can greatly improve the heat efficiency, greatly save energy, thoroughly and greatly reduce carbon emission (can greatly change and upgrade the existing national six-emission standard of automobiles and European emission standard) and can produce the technical effect of slowing down the new trend of global warming in the industries of engines and turbines in the fields of automobiles, ships, airplanes, diesel, coal and natural gas power generation.
Moreover, the double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material and the application thereof are greatly superior to the metal material engine and turbine and other high-temperature heat insulation materials in terms of corrosion resistance chemical property, wear resistance and hardness property in terms of the use of the engine and turbine and the high-temperature heat insulation materials.
Applicant defines in this embodiment why the thermal conductivity of the glass material is less than 5w/[ (m.K)]Thermal diffusivity is less than 5mm 2 and/S, which has a thermal expansion rate of 8 (10 < -6 >/DEG C) or less from 0 to 40 ℃ to 1000 ℃ and a softening point temperature of > 1100 ℃. The reason is that the above new properties are found and repeatedly proven by the inventors through a lot of experiments, and in this example, it is pointed out that only then can the double layer composition of silicon nitride ceramics and glass materials be produced and the application thereof can have 6 new properties at the same time, and 4 important technical problems of the metal engine gas turbine can be solved by utilizing the properties.
The system is suitable for heavy trucks and high-power engine engineering vehicles with the weight of more than 20-50 tons, generator sets of high-power engines, large and huge ship engines and huge gas turbines of thermal power nuclear power in specific application. . Because of its great horsepower, the heat impact on the cylinder is greater, and a two-layer composition engine with higher levels of silicon nitride ceramic and glass materials is required.
Further, the double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material and the application thereof are used for cylinder liners of vehicle engines, ship engines, heat engine type piston aircraft engines, engineering machinery engines and fuel generators.
Further, the double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material and the application thereof cover the combustion chamber of the turbine engine of the heat engine type and the outer shell surface layer of the turbine.
Further, the double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material and the application thereof cover the steam chamber wall and/or the cylinder layer surface layer and/or the steam nozzle surface layer and/or the steel disc surface layer and/or the blade surface layer and/or the cylinder body surface layer and/or the steam conveying pipeline surface layer of the steam turbine.
Further, the double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material and the application thereof cover the surface of a cylinder sleeve of a piston engine of a generator and/or a shell of a turbocharging system component.
Further, the double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material and the application thereof are used for engines of heat engines.
Further, the double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material and the application thereof cover the surface of the shell of the turbocharging system component of the engine of the heat engine type.
Further, the double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material and the application thereof are used for cylinder heads and/or pistons and/or piston pins and/or connecting rods and/or intake valves and/or exhaust valves of engines of thermal engines.
Further, the double-layer composition of the silicon nitride ceramic and the glass material and the application thereof are used for the tubular material in the high-temperature environment.
Of course, there are various other embodiments of the present invention for a dual layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material and its use, and those of ordinary skill in the art will be able to obtain other embodiments without any inventive effort based on the present embodiments, which fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
- Use of a bilayer composition of a silicon nitride ceramic and a glass material in an engine, characterized in that the inner layer is a layer of silicon nitride ceramic material in contact with the piston, having a thermal expansion rate equal to or lower than 5 (×10-6/°c) from 0-40 ℃ to 900 ℃; the outer layer is a glass material layer which is wrapped by a silicon nitride ceramic material layer and has a heat conductivity coefficient of less than 5w/[ (m.K)]Thermal diffusivity is less than 5mm 2 S, which is raised from 0-40 ℃ to 800 DEG CThe thermal expansion rate of (2) is equal to or lower than 8 (x 10 < -6 >/DEG C), the softening point temperature is more than 800 ℃, the alumina content is 1-46%, the magnesia content is 0-15%, the silica content is 30-82%, the calcium oxide content is 0-15%, and the boron oxide content is 0-15% by weight.
- Use of a bilayer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material according to claim 1 in an engine, characterized in that the inner layer is a layer of silicon nitride ceramic material in contact with the piston, having a thermal expansion rate equal to or lower than 6 (×10 "6/°c) from 0-40 ℃ up to 1200 ℃.
- Use of a bilayer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material according to claim 1 in an engine, wherein the layer of glass material surrounding the layer of silicon nitride ceramic material has a thermal conductivity of less than 4w/[ (m.k)]Thermal diffusivity is less than 4mm 2 and/S, which has a thermal expansion rate of 8 (10 < -6 >/DEG C) or less from 0 to 40 ℃ to 1000 ℃ and a softening point temperature of > 1000 ℃.
- Use of a double layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material according to any of claims 1 to 3 in engines, characterized in that said double layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material is used for cylinder liners of vehicle engines, marine engines, thermo-mechanical piston aircraft engines, engineering machinery engines, fuel generators.
- Use of a double layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material according to any of claims 1 to 3 in an engine, characterized in that said double layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material is applied to the combustion chamber of a turbine engine of the thermo-mechanical type and to the casing surface layer of the turbine.
- Use of a double layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material according to any of claims 1 to 3 in an engine, characterized in that the double layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material and its use is covered on the steam chamber wall and/or the cylinder layer skin and/or the steam nozzle skin and/or the steel disc skin and/or the blade skin and/or the cylinder body skin and/or the steam delivery pipe skin of a steam turbine.
- Use of a double layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material according to any of claims 1 to 3 in an engine, characterized in that said double layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material is applied to the surface of the cylinder liner of the piston engine of the generator and/or the housing of the turbocharger system component.
- Use of a bilayer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material according to any of claims 1 to 3 in an engine, characterized in that the bilayer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material is used in engines of the thermo-mechanical type.
- Use of a bilayer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material according to any of claims 1 to 3 in an engine, characterized in that said bilayer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material is applied to the surface of the casing of the turbocharging system component of a thermal engine.
- Use of a double layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material according to any of claims 1 to 3 in an engine, characterized in that said double layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material is used for cylinder heads and/or pistons and/or piston pins and/or connecting rods and/or intake and/or exhaust valves of engines of the thermo-mechanical type.
- Use of a double layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material according to any of claims 1 to 3 in an engine, characterized in that said double layer composition of silicon nitride ceramic and glass material is used for tubular materials in high temperature environments.
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| CN202010968954.7A CN112145304A (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2020-09-15 | Vehicle with high heat utilization rate |
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| CN202010989365 | 2020-09-18 | ||
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| PCT/CN2021/116665 WO2022057653A1 (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2021-09-06 | Use of bilayer composition of silicon nitride ceramic material and glass material in engine |
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| CN114163244B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-10-14 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Silicon nitride ceramic with hard outside and tough inside and preparation method thereof |
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- 2021-08-10 WO PCT/CN2021/111675 patent/WO2022057518A1/en active Application Filing
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- 2021-08-17 CN CN202110941932.6A patent/CN113429212A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2021-08-17 CN CN202110941235.0A patent/CN113548900A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2021-09-06 CN CN202180033407.2A patent/CN117120398A/en active Pending
- 2021-09-06 WO PCT/CN2021/116667 patent/WO2022057654A1/en active Application Filing
- 2021-09-06 WO PCT/CN2021/116665 patent/WO2022057653A1/en active Application Filing
- 2021-09-06 CN CN202180035831.0A patent/CN116194424A/en active Pending
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113548900A (en) | 2021-10-26 |
| CN113429212A (en) | 2021-09-24 |
| CN114195524A (en) | 2022-03-18 |
| WO2022057518A1 (en) | 2022-03-24 |
| WO2022057653A1 (en) | 2022-03-24 |
| WO2022057654A1 (en) | 2022-03-24 |
| CN117120398A (en) | 2023-11-24 |
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