CN116190848A - 一种高散热强吸能的防护电池箱 - Google Patents
一种高散热强吸能的防护电池箱 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种高散热强吸能的防护电池箱,包括:上防护板,中间复合夹层,下防护板;所述上防护板和下防护板是碳纤维板;所述中间复合夹层是由三种铝合金结构和两块铜质隔板构成,所述三种铝合金结构由上至下依次为三维双箭头负泊松比结构、三维三角形分层内凹结构、三周期极小曲面结构。上述的高散热强吸能的防护电池箱,解决现有电池箱无法有效的满足散热和吸能的问题,旨在达到轻量化的同时,提高电池箱的使用性能和安全性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及电动汽车电池组件领域,更具体地说,本发明涉及一种高散热强吸能的防护电池箱。
背景技术
由于科技和产业变革,新能源汽车已经成为汽车产业转型升级的中坚力量,新能源汽车行业也迎来了前所未有的发展机遇。新能源汽车的发展归根结底在于动力电池的发展,对于电池箱的安全防护问题也成为当前的重中之重。在日常行驶中,动力电池提供驱动动力的同时,会产生大量的热量,使得电池的使用寿命大大降低,造成热失控。此外,当汽车受到碰撞时,电池箱不能有效地吸收冲击能,极易造成起火燃烧甚至爆炸,严重危害乘车人员的人身安全。因此,设计一种高散热强吸能的防护电池箱具有重要意义和应用价值。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高散热强吸能的防护电池箱,解决现有电池箱无法有效的满足散热和吸能的问题,旨在达到轻量化的同时,提高电池箱的使用性能和安全性能。
为实现上述功能,本发明提供了一种高散热强吸能的防护电池箱,其特征在于包括:上防护板,中间复合夹层,下防护板;
所述上防护板和下防护板是碳纤维板;所述中间复合夹层是由三种铝合金结构和两块铜质隔板构成,所述三种铝合金结构由上至下依次为三维双箭头负泊松比结构、三维三角形分层内凹结构、三周期极小曲面结构。
在一较佳实施例中:所述三维双箭头负泊松比结构由三维双箭头负泊松比单元呈点阵排列并层层堆积而成。
在一较佳实施例中:所述三维双箭头负泊松比单元由两个二维双箭头负泊松比单元结构的垂直交点通过其对称轴获得。
在一较佳实施例中:所述三维三角形分层内凹结构由三维三角形分层内凹单元通过面与面之间相互连接堆积排列而成。
在一较佳实施例中:所述三维三角形分层内凹单元由两个二维三角形分层内凹单元结构的垂直交点通过其对称轴获得。
在一较佳实施例中:所述三周期极小曲面结构由三周期极小曲面胞元F i sherKoch S组成。
在一较佳实施例中:所述三周期极小曲面胞元F i sher Koch S的曲面隐式方程为:
其中,s i n为三角正弦函数,cos为三角余弦函数,x、y、z为各曲面点在笛卡尔坐标系下的坐标,l为三周期极小曲面胞元长度。
相较于现有技术,本发明的技术方案具备以下有益效果:
1.具有更高的散热能力
本发明提供了一种高散热强吸能的防护电池箱,上、下防护板采用碳纤维材质,碳纤维是含碳量高于90%的无机高分子纤维,具有良好的导热性。三周期极小曲面胞元F isher Koch S组成的三周期极小曲面结构具有很大的表面积,通过与下防护板的结合,可以很好的带走电池的热量。此外,每种结构之间都有铜质隔板相连,可以将热量通过箱体更加高效的传播到外界。因此,利用多个传热、散热结构,本发明具有更高的散热能力。
2.优良的耐撞性和吸能性
本发明提供了一种高散热强吸能的防护电池箱,碳纤维和铝合金具有良好的吸能效果。本发明中的三维双箭头负泊松比结构由三维双箭头负泊松比单元呈点阵排列并层层堆积而成,具有负泊松比和制造方便的理想性能,负泊松比特性是指受拉伸时,材料在弹性范围内横向发生膨胀,这种特点使得结构具有较高的力学性能,所以在能量吸收方面,具有优良的性能,在发生碰撞时,作为第一层吸能结构,可以吸收大部分能量,尤其是危害最大的正面碰撞。本发明中的三维三角形分层内凹结构由三维三角形分层内凹单元通过面与面之间相互连接堆积排列而成,不仅具有负泊松比特性,而且三角形分层结构能够很大程度上提高吸能特性并且具有更高的稳定性,进一步削弱来自外界各个角度的冲击能。本发明中的三周期极小曲面结构由三周期极小曲面胞元F i sher Koch S组成,具备超高的吸能特性,可以抵抗不同角度的冲击力,作为最后一层吸能结构,可以将剩余的冲击力几乎全部抵消,保护电池的安全。三种结构由上至下实现层层吸能,降低冲击所带来的危害,最大程度的保护电池工作不受影响。
3.具有良好的稳定性和轻量化特性
本发明提供了一种高散热强吸能的防护电池箱,上、下防护板采用碳纤维材质,由于其石墨微晶结构沿纤维轴择优取向,因此沿纤维轴方向有很高的强度和模量。三维双箭头负泊松比结构和三维三角形分层内凹结构都是点阵排列并层层堆积而成,三周期极小曲面结构由三周期极小曲面胞元F i sher Koch S组成的多孔结构,这些结构既可以节省材料又能保证结构的稳定性,实现轻量化。
附图说明
图1为电池箱的结构示意图;
图2为电池箱材料的结构示意图;
图3为三维双箭头负泊松比结构;
图4为三维双箭头负泊松比单元;
图5为三维三角形分层内凹结构;
图6为三维三角形分层内凹单元;
图7为三周期极小曲面结构;
图8为三周期极小曲面胞元F i sher Koch S。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述;显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例,基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,术语“上”、“下”、“内”、“外”、“顶/底端”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“设置有”、“套设/接”、“连接”等,应做广义理解,例如“连接”,可以是壁挂连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接,可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接,可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
本发明的目的在于提供一种高散热强吸能的防护电池箱,解决现有电池箱无法有效的满足散热和吸能的问题,旨在达到轻量化的同时,提高电池箱的使用性能和安全性能。
电池箱材料的结构如图2所示,包括上防护板201,中间复合夹层和下防护板207。上防护板201和下防护板207为碳纤维材质,由于碳纤维具有良好的散热性和吸能特性,所以可以很好的保护电池的安全。
中间复合夹层中的铜质隔板203和205具有高效的导热性能,可以将电池生成的热量及时地传递出去。所述三种结构分别为三维双箭头负泊松比结构202,三维三角形分层内凹结构204,三周期极小曲面结构206。该中间复合夹层在满足轻量化的同时具有更高的散热能力,并且实现层层吸能,具有强大的能量吸收能力。
三维双箭头负泊松比结构202如图3所示,该结构由三维双箭头负泊松比单元如图4呈点阵排列并层层堆积而成,用料少,制造简便,所具有的折入负泊松比特性能够大大提高结构的能量吸收能力。三维双箭头负泊松比单元由两个二维双箭头负泊松比单元结构401的垂直交点通过其对称轴获得,在提高吸能能力的同时具有良好的稳定性,在发生碰撞时,作为第一层吸能结构,可以吸收大部分能量,尤其是危害最大的正面碰撞。
三维三角形分层内凹结构204如图5所示,该结构由三维三角形分层内凹单元如图6通过面与面之间相互连接堆积排列而成,该结构结合负泊松比特性和三角形分层结构的优良吸能特性,使得电池箱在受到撞击时,可以吸收大部分能量,有效地保护电池的正常工作。
三维三角形分层内凹单元由两个二维三角形分层内凹单元结构601的垂直交点通过其对称轴获得,增强稳定性和吸能能力,进一步削弱来自外界各个角度的冲击能。
三周期极小曲面结构206如图7所示,该结构由三周期极小曲面胞元F i sherKoch S如图8组成的多孔结构,所述三周期极小曲面胞元F i sher Koch S的曲面隐式方程为:
其中,s i n为三角正弦函数,cos为三角余弦函数,x、y、z为各曲面点在笛卡尔坐标系下的坐标,l为三周期极小曲面胞元长度。
该结构是一种具有高比强度、高能量吸收的优良机械材料,可以抵抗不同角度的冲击力,拥有更好的稳定性,十分有利于电池的碰撞防护,可以将剩余的冲击力几乎全部抵消,保护电池的安全。同时三周期极小曲面胞元F i sher Koch S具有很大的表面积,能够有效地将电池产生的热量及时散播出去,防止因为电池过热导致电池不能正常工作。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的设计构思并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,利用此构思对本发明进行非实质性的改动,均属于侵犯本发明保护范围的行为。
Claims (7)
1.一种高散热强吸能的防护电池箱,其特征在于包括:上防护板,中间复合夹层,下防护板;
所述上防护板和下防护板是碳纤维板;所述中间复合夹层是由三种铝合金结构和两块铜质隔板构成,所述三种铝合金结构由上至下依次为三维双箭头负泊松比结构、三维三角形分层内凹结构、三周期极小曲面结构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高散热强吸能的防护电池箱,其特征在于:所述三维双箭头负泊松比结构由三维双箭头负泊松比单元呈点阵排列并层层堆积而成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高散热强吸能的防护电池箱,其特征在于:所述三维双箭头负泊松比单元由两个二维双箭头负泊松比单元结构的垂直交点通过其对称轴获得。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高散热强吸能的防护电池箱,其特征在于:所述三维三角形分层内凹结构由三维三角形分层内凹单元通过面与面之间相互连接堆积排列而成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种高散热强吸能的防护电池箱,其特征在于:所述三维三角形分层内凹单元由两个二维三角形分层内凹单元结构的垂直交点通过其对称轴获得。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种高散热强吸能的防护电池箱,其特征在于:所述三周期极小曲面结构由三周期极小曲面胞元Fisher Koch S组成。
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