CN116178355B - 一种检测硫醇的化学发光试剂、合成方法及应用 - Google Patents
一种检测硫醇的化学发光试剂、合成方法及应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种检测硫醇的化学发光试剂、合成方法及应用,属于小分子化学发光探针技术领域,本发明包括与硫醇特定发生“点击”亲核反应的底物色烯骨架和经修饰的金刚烷‑二氧杂环丁烷(Schaap's)类化学发光团。本发明的化学发光探针可用于体内外检测硫醇(RSH),包括肿瘤细胞、动物活体和癌症组织样本等生物样本中硫醇(RSH)的检测和成像。本发明中的化学发光探针,具有高灵敏度、特异性强的特点,是一项重要技术突破。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物探针领域,涉及一种化学发光探针及其合成方法和应用。
背景技术
恶性肿瘤严重威胁人类健康,发展高效的检测方法,用于肿瘤的早期诊断、筛查、后期治疗至关重要。生物硫醇(RSH)如谷胱甘肽(GSH)、半胱氨酸(Cys)、高半胱氨酸(Hcy)在生物体内与多种生理病理过程相关,在细胞新陈代谢中扮演着重要的角色。在癌症、阿兹海默症、帕金森症等疾病中,细胞内硫醇(RSH)的含量都高于正常水平。因此,对生物体内硫醇(RSH)的高效检测无论是在预防疾病还是临床医学上均具有重要的意义。
生物硫醇(RSH)广泛存在于多种癌细胞和正常细胞,但含量差异较大。研究发现,癌细胞中生物硫醇(RSH)水平的含量高于正常细胞。例如,根据肿瘤细胞中Cys和GSH的浓度高于正常细胞,Guo团队设计并合成了一种探针,可以区分小鼠和患者的肿瘤组织与正常组织。Cheng等人根据肿瘤细胞中Cys浓度高于正常细胞,报道一种可以区分肿瘤与正常细胞的探针。最近,Yu等人合成了一种荧光探针,利用癌细胞中GSH的高表达,可以识别癌组织。该探针不仅可以区分癌症小鼠和正常小鼠,还可以选择性地将人喉癌组织与正常组织区分开来。Jakubowski’s小组通过研究体内的酶和蛋白质,表明与正常细胞和组织相比癌细胞具有更高水平的Hcy。此外,Perry等人报告,与正常乳腺组织相比,原发性乳腺肿瘤中存在更高水平的GSH,并提出了GSH水平作为乳腺癌标志物的可能性。由此可以得出结论,监测生物硫醇(RSH)可以区分肿瘤细胞和正常细胞,对生物体内硫醇(RSH)的高效检测无论是在癌症诊断,还是临床癌症治疗医学均具有重要的意义。
色烯是一类具有良好生物相容性的天然产物结构单元。此外,它们还具有特异的光学性质,被应用于荧光探针设计中。近年来,基于硫醇-色烯“点击”亲核反应,已经开发了多种检测硫醇(RSH)的荧光探针,并用于生物体系中硫醇(RSH)的检测和成像。例如,含有色烯衍生物的近红外荧光探针NIR-HMPC,用于观察氧化应激和细胞凋亡、脑缺血再灌注过程中硫醇(RSH)的波动;另外的荧光-近红外(CM-NIR)探针用于活癌细胞和小鼠中硫醇(RSH)的特异性成像,以及检测耐药癌细胞中的异常过量的硫醇(RSH)。然而,该类探针需要激发光,具有光源热效应和生物组织背景荧光干扰的不足,在原位或生理条件下高效检测这些生物硫醇(RSH)仍然具有较大的挑战性。因此,开发高灵敏不需要激发光,用于检测生物体系中生物硫醇的化学发光探针分子具有非常重要的意义。
金刚烷-二氧杂化丁烷类(Schaap's)化学发光探针无需外源激发光照射,在深度组织穿透成像领域具有潜在的优势,被广泛用于化学和生物领域。与荧光相比较,化学发光不会产生自体荧光和光散射现象,因而有更好的信噪比,更高的灵敏度,更深的组织穿透力。虽然报道了基于Schaap's结构检测硫醇的化学发光探针,并用于生物体硫醇(RSH)的检测和成像。但尚且没有报道基于硫醇-色烯“点击”激活的化学发光探针,并用于高效检测体外/肿瘤细胞/活体荷瘤裸鼠以及人骨肉瘤样本中硫醇(RSH)的化学发光探针。
鉴于上文所述Schaap's类化学发光体系在光学分析中的优势,发展一种基于硫醇-铬烯“点击”激活的化学发光探针,检测硫醇(RSH)的Schaap's类化学发光探针是一项重要的技术突破,进一步拓展它的应用范围。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的不足,提供一种灵敏度好、特异性强,且适用于体内外硫醇(RSH)检测的化学发光探针的合成方法和应用。
为了实现本发明的上述目的,本发明提供了如下的技术方案:
一种Schaap's类化学发光探针,是基于与硫醇(RSH)特定发生“点击”亲核反应的底物色烯骨架和经修饰的金刚烷-二氧杂环丁烷(Schaap's)类化学发光骨架的探针,具有以下结构:
其中,n为1或2,R选自甲基、乙基或氢。
进一步地,优选n为1或2,R为甲基。
本发明还提供了一种化学发光探针的制备方法,反应流程如下所示,具体步骤为:
(1)将色烯类化合物2进行卤化得到化合物3;
(2)将化合物3、K2CO3以及KI溶于无水N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,氮气保护下室温搅拌均匀,加入化合物4直接反应得到化合物5;
(3)化合物5经过单线态氧的氧化得到检测硫醇的化学发光探针;
进一步地,所述步骤(1)具体为:将色烯类化合物2溶于干燥四氢呋喃中,在冰浴条件下搅拌10分钟,缓慢加入三苯基膦和四溴化碳,冰浴下持续搅拌1小时,恢复常温搅拌3小时。反应完成后,向反应体系中加入乙酸乙酯和饱和食盐水进行萃取,收集有机相并用无水硫酸钠进行干燥,减压浓缩除去溶剂,所得固体经过柱层析纯化得溴化的化合物3;
进一步地,所述步骤(3)具体为:将化合物5溶于二氯甲烷中,加入亚甲基蓝,冰浴中搅拌10分钟,通过鼓泡方式向反应体系充入氧气并用白光LED灯照射,反应完全后,向反应体系中加入乙酸乙酯和水进行萃取,收集有机相并用无水硫酸钠进行干燥,减压浓缩除去溶剂,所得固体经过柱层析纯化得检测硫醇的化学发光探针。
本发明还提供了一种上述化学发光探针的应用,包括:
作为硫醇检测试剂,包括体内生物样本内源性硫醇检测试剂,在体内外生物样本高灵敏、特异性地检测硫醇(RSH);
含内源性硫醇的体内生物样本成像。
作为与癌症疾病作用机制和治疗研究的化学工具分子。
进一步地,所述体外生物样本包括肿瘤细胞和正常细胞,肿瘤细胞为肝癌细胞(HepG2)、宫颈癌细胞(Hela)、人骨肉瘤细胞(SJSA-1)、人骨肉瘤细胞(MG-63)、人骨肉瘤细胞(HMNNG)和人卵巢癌细胞(SKOV3)等,通过本发明化学发光探针实现细胞的内源性硫醇(RSH)异常变化检测。
进一步地,所述体内生物样本包括含内源性硫醇的动物活体,通过本发明化学发光探针实现动物活体的内源性硫醇(RSH)检测和成像。动物活体主要为含内源性硫醇(RSH)异常变化的肿瘤组织的动物活体,如Hela/HepG2异种移植BALB/c鼠。肿瘤包括肝癌、宫颈癌、卵巢癌等。
进一步地,所述体内生物样本还包括临床癌症组织样本(骨肉瘤和癌旁)、正常组织样本中硫醇(RSH)检测及成像。
本发明的有益效果是,本发明涉及在细胞、实验动物和临床组织样本中一种检测硫醇的Schaap's类化学发光探针,该探针表现出在硫醇(RSH)检测及成像应用中更好的信噪比,更高的灵敏度,更深的组织穿透力。具体的涉及合成或半合成的含一种Schaap's类及其任意衍生物,可以高灵敏度、高信噪比和特异性在非临床和临床肿瘤样本中硫醇(RSH)检测及成像。与目前化学发光探针相比,所述Schaap's类化学发光探针具有合成路线简单,稳定的光物理性质、高灵敏度和高的信噪比。可用于非临床和临床肿瘤样本中硫醇(RSH)检测及成像,如肝癌细胞(HepG2)、宫颈癌细胞(Hela)、人骨肉瘤细胞(SJSA-1)、人骨肉瘤细胞(MG-63)、人骨肉瘤细胞(HMNNG)、人卵巢癌细胞(SKOV3);动物活体(Hela/HepG2异种移植BALB/c鼠)以及临床癌症组织样本(骨肉瘤和癌旁)。此外,可用于与癌症疾病作用机制和治疗研究的化学工具分子。
附图说明
图1.硫醇(RSH)-色烯“点击”激活的化学发光探针的化学结构以及其对硫醇(RSH)响应后可能的化学转变过程。
图2.化学发光探针1的合成流程图。
图3.(A)探针1(10μM)与硫醇(RSH)(0、1000μM)孵育0.5h(37℃)前后的紫外吸收光谱,以及苯甲酸酯1的光谱图。B)探针1(10μM)与硫醇(RSH)(0、1000μM)孵育0.5h(37℃)前后的荧光光谱,以及苯甲酸酯1的荧光谱图(400nm激发)。(C)探针1(10μM)与硫醇(RSH)(0、1000μM)孵育10min(37℃)后的化学发光光谱。(D)探针1(10μM)与硫醇(RSH)(0、1000μM)孵育前后(37℃)的化学发光动力学曲线。
图4.(A)探针1与不同浓度Cys(0、5、10、20、40、80和160μM)在37℃下孵育10分钟的化学发光图像。(B)对应图A中的平均化学发光信号强度与Cys浓度的线性拟合曲线。数值表示为平均值±标准偏差(n=3)。
图5.(A)LO2和HepG2细胞与探针1(10μM)在37℃下孵育后实时测量的化学发光强度。(B)LO2和HepG2细胞(各种处理)与探针1(10μM)孵育30分钟后的化学发光图像。(C)量化(B)化学发光强度。数值表示为平均值±标准偏差(n=3)。(D)Hela,SJSA-1,MG-63,HMNNG,SKOV3细胞与探针1(10μM)孵化后的化学发光图像,(E)量化(D)中化学发光强度。数值表示为平均值±标准偏差(n=3),其中每一条件下从左至右的柱状依次为Hela,HMNNG,MG-63,SJSA-1,SKOV3细胞与探针1(10μM)孵化后的化学发光强度。
图6.(A)Hela肿瘤小鼠在瘤内注射PBS(100μL)、瘤内注射探针1(100μM,100μL),或预先在肿瘤内注射硫醇清除剂NEM(200μM,100μL)后再注射探针1(100μM,100μL)的小鼠全身实时化学发光成像。(B)量化(A)中化学发光强度。(C)HepG2肿瘤小鼠在瘤内注射PBS(100μL)、瘤内注射探针1(100μM,100μL),或预先在肿瘤内注射NEM(200μM,100μL)后再注射探针1(100μM,100μL)的小鼠全身实时化学发光成像。(D)量化(C)中化学发光强度。数值表示为平均值±标准偏差(n=3)。
图7.(A)探针1用于人骨肉瘤块状组织和瘤旁组织内源性硫醇检测和成像。(B)量化(A)中化学发光强度。其中,人骨肉瘤块状组织和瘤旁组织各包含3个样品。
图8.人体组织样本中内源性硫醇的化学发光检测和成像。(A)探针1用于人骨肉瘤组织匀浆上清中硫醇检测和成像,探针1与10%组织匀浆上清液(用盐水稀释至1:20、1:40、1:80和1:160倍)在37℃下孵育10分钟。(B)使用探针1检测人体组织样本中的Cys活性。将10%组织匀浆上清液(用盐水1:20稀释)与探针1在37℃下孵育10分钟,用小动物活体成像仪获得化学发光。数值表示为平均值±标准偏差(n=3)。
具体实施方式
含硫醇的如谷胱甘肽(GSH)、半胱氨酸(Cys)、高半胱氨酸(Hcy)等在细胞新陈代谢中扮演着重要的角色。在癌症、阿兹海默症、帕金森症等疾病中,细胞内硫醇的含量都高于正常水平。本申请发明人发现,包括色烯骨架和经修饰的Schaap's类化学发光团合成得到的新颖小分子化学发光探针能与硫醇(RSH)特定发生“点击”亲核反应,可应用于硫醇(RSH)的检测和成像。因此,含硫醇(RSH)的生物样本可用本发明的小分子化学发光探针进行高效检测和成像,也可用于探讨癌症、阿兹海默症、帕金森症等疾病发病机理的研究。
目前荧光探针存在检测线低、灵敏度低、有光漂白现象、合成路线长、价格偏高、需要激发光等缺陷。
本发明的化学发光探针检测线高、灵敏度高、光物理性质稳定、合成路线简单便捷、不需要激发光、信噪比高等优势。
本发明的化学发光探针可以用于体内外生物样本高灵敏、特异性地检测硫醇(RSH)。
本发明的化学发光探针可以用于体外生物样本包括多种肿瘤细胞(HepG2,Hela,SJSA-1,MG-63,HMNNG,SKOV3)内源性硫醇(RSH)异常变化。
本发明的化学发光探针可以用于体内生物样本包括动物活体内源性硫醇(RSH)检测和成像。
本发明的化学发光探针可以用于体内生物样本包括临床癌症组织样本中硫醇(RSH)检测及成像。
本发明新颖小分子化学探针的结构式如下所示:
探针的设计、合成与表征如下所示(图1):
如图1所示,展示了本发明化学探针的设计和工作机理。本发明设计了一种用于硫醇高效检测和成像的化学发光探针。其包括:1)与硫醇特定发生“点击”亲核反应的色烯骨架,被广泛应用于设计各种针对硫醇的探针。2)丙烯酸基团取代的Schaap's类化学发光团(高化学发光量子产率和长发光时间)两个部分组成。加入硫醇后,巯基能够攻击探针中色烯骨架的α,β-不饱和酮,随后触发色烯中吡喃的开环转变成中间体1。之后形成衍生物中间体2以及Schaap's类化学发光团中间体3,在通过化学发起的电子交换发光(CIEEL)生成激发态的中间体4,后生成基态的荧光产物苯甲酸酯1,同时产生化学发光(波长为550nm)。因此,可以通过硫醇选择性地开启亮黄绿色的化学发光,从而原位可视化活细胞、小鼠体内、临床肿瘤样本中的硫醇,为生物医药研究提供了有力的分子工具。
下面,结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1:合成用于检测硫醇(RSH)的Schaap's类化学发光探针1(图2)。
(一)化合物3的合成,具体步骤为:
将化合物2(575mg,2.5mmol)溶于干燥四氢呋喃(50mL)中,在冰浴下搅拌10分钟,缓慢加入三苯基膦(1.3g,5.0mmol)和四溴化碳CBr4(1.66g,5.0mmol),在冰浴下持续搅拌1小时,恢复常温后再搅拌3小时。反应完成后,向反应体系中加入乙酸乙酯(20mL)和饱和食盐水(20mL)进行萃取,收集有机相并用无水硫酸钠进行干燥,减压浓缩除去溶剂,所得固体经过柱层析(PE:EA=5:1)纯化得化合物3(696.7mg,产率:70%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.19–7.17(m,2H),7.05–7.03(m,1H),5.30(s,1H),4.68–4.48(m,2H),2.79–2.75(m,1H),2.64–2.60(m,1H),2.39–2.35(m,1H),2.30–2.29(m,3H),2.25–2.21(m,3H).
(二)化合物5的合成,具体步骤为:
将化合物4(50mg,0.13mmol)、KI(216mg,1.3mmol)和K2CO3(35mg,0.26mmol)溶解在DMF(1mL)中并搅拌10min。通氮气保护下,将化合物3(38mg,0.13mmol)加入到上述反应液中。反应混合物在室温下搅拌6小时,反应进程通过TLC(PE:EA=5:1)监测。反应完成后,反应混合物中加入乙酸乙酯(50mL)以及饱和食盐水(20mL)萃取,收集有机层后减压浓缩,硅胶柱层析(PE:EA=6:1)纯化获得产物5(70mg,产率:90%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.90(d,J=16.0Hz,1H),7.42(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.27(s,1H),7.15(s,1H),7.07(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.04(s,1H),6.39(d,J=16.0Hz,1H),5.25–5.21(m,1H),5.13–5.11(m,1H),5.04–5.01(m,1H),3.76(s,3H),3.34(s,3H),3.29(s,1H),2.70–2.55(m,2H),2.38–2.33(m,1H),2.28(s,3H),2.19–2.12(m,1H),2.08(s,1H),1.97–1.74(m,12H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ201.42,166.92,153.73,151.29,139.40,138.87,137.99,130.97,129.82,127.50,124.85,123.64,121.68,119.59,75.86,70.31,57.17,51.64,38.98,38.51,36.98,32.88,31.37,30.13,29.64,28.28,27.84,20.33。
(三)化学发光探针1的合成,具体步骤为:
将化合物5(60mg,0.1mmol)和催化量的亚甲基蓝(2mg)溶解在二氯甲烷(20mL)中,冰浴中搅拌10min。通过鼓泡方式向反应体系充入氧气并用白光LED(150W)灯照射0.5小时,反应完全后,向反应体系中加入乙酸乙酯和水进行萃取,收集有机相并用无水硫酸钠进行干燥,减压浓缩除去溶剂,所得固体经过柱层析((Pe:EA=5:1)纯化得探针1(45mg,产率:71%)。MS(ESI+):m/zcalculated for C36H38O8Cl:633.2250;found:633.2252.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.94–7.90(m,2H),7.60–7.57(m,1H),7.23(s,1H),7.17(s,1H),7.07(s,1H),6.50–6.45(m,1H),5.31–5.29(m,1H),5.03–4.96(m,2H),3.78(s,3H),3.24(s,3H),3.04(s,1H),2.70–2.58(m,2H),2.41–2.33(m,1H),2.30(s,3H),2.03(s,1H),1.91–1.63(m,11H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ201.42,166.68,154.28,151.34,138.31,135.02,134.18,131.81,131.25,131.16,128.79,127.75,127.46,125.06,123.33,121.81,120.84,111.69,96.30,75.92,70.64,51.76,49.64,37.05,36.52,33.83,33.52,32.17,31.45,29.63,27.86,26.09,25.77,20.35。
替换化合物4的种类,利用探针1的合成方法及条件,可合成获得化学发光探针2、3、4、5、6;化合物4的结构式如下:
实施例2:探针1对硫醇的化学发光响应性测定(图3)
在探针的工作溶液(10mM,pH=7.4,10% DMSO)中,研究了探针1对硫醇的反应。如图3所示,探针1与硫醇[谷胱甘肽(GSH)、半胱氨酸(Cys)、高半胱氨酸(Hcy)]分别孵育0.5小时后,采集溶液光谱,在约400nm处出现一个新的吸收带,并伴随着约550nm处的强荧光发射。随后监测了探针1与硫醇(Cys,Hcy,和GSH)孵育前后的化学发光光谱。探针1本身无化学发光,但与硫醇(Cys,Hcy,和GSH)孵育10min后,在550nm波长处观察到明显的化学发光。另外,探针1与硫醇(Cys,Hcy,和GSH)孵育后的化学发光动力学曲线显示信号迅速增加,在30min左右达到最大值。相比之下,没有硫醇时探针1在测量过程中几乎没有化学发光。这些结果表明,硫醇可以有效地激活探针1,产生显著的化学发光。
实施例3:探针对Cys的检测灵敏度测定(图4)
取探针1(20μM,100μL)溶液加入96孔板中,而后加入100μL含有不同Cys浓度的PBS酶切缓冲溶液,探针最终工作浓度为10μM,硫醇最终浓度分别为0,5,10,20,40,80,160μM,每个浓度组有三个复孔。将上述96孔板于37℃孵育10min后,通过成像系统进行化学发光成像。化学发光成像采用全接受滤光片模式进行采集,采集时间为0.75秒。化学发光强度均通过IVIS Lumia XRIII系统软件进行ROI测量得到,并与Cys浓度进行线性拟合。经过拟合后,可得到各自拟合直线的斜率k,检测限LOD=3δ/k。其中δ为测量11个空白探针孔溶液的强度值的标准方差。
如图4A所示,分析结果发现随着Cys浓度的增大,探针1与Cys孵育后的化学发光强度不断增强。化学发光强度平均值与Cys(在0-160μM范围内)浓度呈良好的线性关系,线性方程为y=997.37x(μM)+14785,R2=0.998(图4B所示)。经过计算,探针1对Cys的检测限为0.13μM,这一结果表明探针1可以在体外定量地检测低含量的Cys。
实施例4:活细胞内源性硫醇的化学发光检测(图5)
鉴于探针1在体外响应实验中对硫醇检测表现出高效的性能(超灵敏度、特异好以及基本无毒等优点),而硫醇表现出在肿瘤细胞(如HepG2肝癌细胞)比正常细胞(如LO2正常肝细胞)更高含量,所以可以用硫醇进一步来区分肿瘤细胞和正常细胞。将各种细胞分别接种在96孔板中,每组三个复孔。将探针1(终浓度:10μM)与细胞(~4×104个/孔)孵育,实时化学发光动力学监测显示化学发光逐渐增强,在30min后达到最强信号,HepG2肿瘤细胞中的化学发光信号明显比LO2细胞强(如图5A)。值得注意的是,在30min时,通过成像系统采集化学发光图像,发现HepG2肿瘤细胞孔中的平均化学发光强于LO2细胞(如图5B)。另外,HepG2细胞经硫醇清除剂(NEM,50μM)处理后发光减弱,HepG2细胞经硫醇清除剂(NEM)处理后在用激活剂(DTT,50μM)或外源性硫醇(Cys、Hcy、GSH,50μM)预处理时化学发光强度增强(如图5B,C)。接着,用探针1(终浓度:10μM)分别与各种经预先处理的Hela或癌细胞(SJSA-1,MG-63,HMNNG,SKOV3)孵育30min,分析采集的化学发光图像,处理数据后可以发现发光强度呈现与HepG2细胞类似的趋势(如图5D,E)。这些结果表明探针1具有很高的检测灵敏度,可以实时对活细胞中的硫醇成像,从而可以区分肿瘤细胞和正常细胞,原位检测不同肿瘤细胞系中异常的硫醇变化。
实施例5:在动物活体水平上对硫醇进行化学发光检测(图6)
取免疫缺陷的6只6-8周龄的雌性BALB/C裸鼠,在后肢皮下注射1×107Hela细胞,建立异种移植Hela肿瘤。当肿瘤的平均体积达到约150mm3时,将小鼠随机分为两组(n=3)。探针1(100μM,100μL的PBS溶液)通过原位注射至肿瘤中。为了清除肿瘤中的硫醇,在原位注射探针前1小时,将硫醇清除剂NEM(200μM,100μL的PBS溶液)直接注射到肿瘤中。在原位注射探针后的10分钟时采用小动物活体成像系统(全开放滤光片模式)对小鼠全身化学发光图像进行采集,采集时间为60秒。如图所示(6A,B),经原位注射探针10分钟后,小鼠肿瘤部位出现很强的化学发光信号,而预先在瘤内注射NEM后,由于NEM对硫醇的清除作用,小鼠的化学发光强度明显较弱。使用相似的方法检测HepG2异种移植BALB/c裸鼠中的硫醇,得到类似的结果(如图6C,D)。这些结果证实了探针1在原位注射到小鼠体内后可以被肿瘤内源性的硫醇激活,可以在体内选择性地对硫醇灵敏检测和成像。
实施例6:人体骨肉瘤块状样本内源性硫醇进行检测和成像(图7)
根据探针的高灵敏化学发光特性和活体中硫醇的成像结果,进一步使用探针1准确地区分骨肉瘤组织和癌旁组织,用于对骨肉瘤样本中硫醇进行成像和检测。首先,将大小合适的骨肉瘤组织和癌旁组织置于桌面;然后将探针1(10μM)喷洒于样本,经小动物活体成像系统拍照。分析结果,发现骨肉瘤样本在喷洒探针后出现明显的化学发光信号,随着时间的推移化学发光强度逐渐增加,在5min左右达到最大值。而癌旁样本在喷洒探针前后均没有明显的化学发光信号。这一结果表明,该探针对骨肉瘤块状样本内源性硫醇有化学发光反应,证实了探针可以直接用于骨肉瘤块状组织的直接硫醇检测和成像。
实施例7:在人体组织样本内源性硫醇进行检测和成像(图8)
分别取骨肉瘤组织和癌旁组织制备10%的生理盐水组织匀浆液,10000转离心20分钟后,取上清10μL,用生理盐水稀释20、40、80、160倍,至100μL后,加入100μL浓度为20μM的化学发光探针1,将上述溶液于37℃孵育10min后,立即用由小动物活体成像系统拍摄并由仪器自带软件进行定量分析。如图8A所示,探针1与10%骨肉瘤组织匀浆的上清液孵育后观察到超强的化学发光信号,而在癌旁组织中检测到极微弱的化学发光信号。然后,分别取20μL组织匀浆上清,用生理盐水稀释10倍,至100μL后,加入100μL浓度为20μM的化学发光探针1,将上述溶液于37℃孵育10min后,立即用成像系统拍摄并由仪器自带软件进行定量分析。实验结果表明,骨肉瘤组织中硫醇含量远远高于瘤旁组织。所以探针可用于区分骨肉瘤组织和瘤旁组织,并用于人体骨肉瘤样品中硫醇高效检测及成像。
Claims (7)
1.一种检测硫醇的化学发光探针,其特征在于,具有以下结构式所示结构:
其中,n为1,R选自甲基、乙基或氢。
2.根据权利要求1所述的化学发光探针,其特征在于,R为甲基。
3.一种权利要求1所述的化学发光探针的合成方法,其特征在于,包括:
(1)将色烯类化合物2进行卤化得到化合物3;
(2)将化合物3、K2CO3以及KI溶于无水N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,氮气保护下室温搅拌均匀,加入化合物4直接反应得到化合物5;
(3)化合物5经过单线态氧的氧化得到检测硫醇的化学发光探针;其中,色烯类化合物2、化合物3、化合物4和化合物5的化学结构式分别为:
4.一种权利要求1所述的化学发光探针的应用,其特征在于:
用于制备硫醇检测试剂;
用于制备含内源性硫醇的体内生物样本成像试剂;
用于制备与癌症疾病作用机制和治疗研究的化学工具分子。
5.根据权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于,所述硫醇检测试剂为体内生物样本内源性硫醇检测试剂。
6.根据权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于,含内源性硫醇的体内生物样本为含内源性硫醇的动物活体、临床癌症组织样本或正常组织样本。
7.根据权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于,所述硫醇为谷胱甘肽、半胱氨酸、高半胱氨酸。
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