CN116173146A - 一种烧烫伤外用无疤痕中药膏及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种烧烫伤外用无疤痕中药膏及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116173146A CN116173146A CN202310416461.6A CN202310416461A CN116173146A CN 116173146 A CN116173146 A CN 116173146A CN 202310416461 A CN202310416461 A CN 202310416461A CN 116173146 A CN116173146 A CN 116173146A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种无疤烧伤膏及其制备方法,它主要以黄芩、连翘、双花、大黄、当归、黄芪、白芨、血竭、珍珠、枯矾、冰片、真麻油、蜂蜡为原料药,按一定重量配比制备成膏剂,使得各药物功效产生协同作用,烧伤后立即在创面上涂用,能缓解疼痛,可控制水泡形成。阻止或减轻深度创面微循环栓塞,减轻或控制创面及周围炎性水肿,深度创面早期使用还可防止坏死组织干硬,利于坏死组织早日从上至下的液化分离,利于新生组织早日再生,促使皮肤附件早日恢复正常生理功能,从而达到治疗烧伤创面无疤的效果,可使95%的烧伤创面愈后无疤。使用在糖尿病足溃烂、臁疮创面可自身修复,免截肢之苦。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗烧烫伤的药物,属中药技术领域。具体是一种无疤痕烧烫伤中药膏及其制备方法。
背景技术
烧烫伤是生活中常见的意外伤害,如热油、火焰、沸水、热蒸气等的烧烫,是临床突发性疾病之一。人体被各种原因热损伤后,导致皮肤及皮下组织、全身各组织器官在发病各时间段、创面修复变化各期段会产生不同的病理变化。如烧伤后创面的变化,烧伤后创面余热继续损伤皮肤组织,创面在不断加深、加快细胞坏死,红肿热痛的浅度创面开始形成水疱,皮肤已脱落的创面形成外渗液,慢性热损伤可延长至24小时后,甚至到72小时。血管内组织变化:毛细血管被热损伤后,引发血管内皮细胞脱落,微循环栓塞形成,创面及其周围形成炎性水肿,因血回流不畅导至大量体液渗漏,创面形成水泡,皮损处体液外渗。
烧烫伤程度一般分为三度:I度烫伤:只伤及表皮层,受伤的皮肤发红、肿胀,觉得火辣辣地痛,但无水泡出现。II度烧烫伤:伤及真皮层,局部红肿、发热,疼痛难忍,有明显水泡。深II度:烧伤属于重度烧伤,愈合很慢并留下相当大的瘢痕。烧伤区的皮肤皱缩、变形,影响功能。III度烧烫伤:全层皮肤包括皮肤下面的脂肪、骨和肌肉都受到伤害,并呈灰或红褐色。
研究表明,烧伤疤痕形成及其程度常与致伤原因、性质、感染、处治不及时不得当等诸多因素有直接关系,人体任何伤口的愈合均有赖于血浆的粘附及营养的供给,小血管的生长,新上皮覆盖、伤口对合,继之纤维结缔组织长入,由于烧伤处小血管逐渐闭塞而减少,即形成烧伤疤痕组织。烧烫伤疤痕不仅影响患者美观,还会给患者造成一定的心理影响,虽然市场上已有许多治疗烧烫伤疤痕的药剂,但除疤效果并不理想,因此,研究一种可有效不生成烧烫伤疤痕的药物,帮助患者解决疤痕困扰十分必要和重要。
发明内容
为解决现有烧烫伤治疗易留疤痕的问题,本发明提供一种治疗烧烫伤外用无疤痕中药膏,在皮肤附件没有全部坏死的创面上施用,可使被热损伤致半死半活的皮肤附件复活,不生成或减少疤痕的生成。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种无疤烧烫伤中药膏的制备方法。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:一种无疤烧伤膏,其包括的原料组成及重量份为:
黄芩8-30份 连翘6-30份
双花6-28份 大黄6-28份
当归6-26份 黄芪4-26份
白芨6-26份 血竭2-26份
珍珠3-28份 枯矾4-26份
冰片4-16份真麻油500-3000份、中华蜂蜡80-650份。
优选的,所述各原料药及重量份为:黄芩20份,连翘20份,双花20份,大黄20份,当归10份,黄芪10份,白芨10份,血竭6份,珍珠6份,枯矾6份,冰片5份,真麻油1200份、中华蜂蜡180份。
本中药膏的制备方法包括下列步骤:
步骤1、按比例称取各原料药黄芩、连翘、双花、大黄、当归、黄芪、白芨、血竭、珍珠、枯矾、冰片、真麻油、蜂蜡备用;
步骤2、将血竭研磨成细粉,备用;
步骤3、将珍珠研磨成细粉,备用;
步骤4、将枯矾研磨成极细粉,备用;
步骤5、将冰片研磨成粉,备用;
步骤6、将称取的7味原料药:黄芩、连翘、双花、大黄、当归、黄芪和白芨,用抢水洗法,洗两遍,洗掉原料药上细小颗粒及灰尘,放入真麻油内浸至少48小时,然后用中火煎至大饮片发黄,小饮片发黑时离火,用两层纱布过滤至另一个清洁容器里,得药油备用;
步骤7、将中华蜂蜡放容器里上火熔化,趁热滤入步骤6所得热药油里,进行不停的搅拌直至油温降至50℃-80℃,得药膏,
步骤8、将步骤2所得的血竭粉、将步骤3所得的珍珠粉、将步骤4所得的枯矾粉、将步骤5所得的冰片粉,依次放进步骤7所得的药膏内,搅拌均匀冷却后即得烧烫伤外用无疤痕中药膏。
本发明的药物配伍及治疗机理如下:选用以黄芩、连翘、双花、大黄、当归、黄芪、白芨、血竭、珍珠、枯矾、冰片、真麻油、蜂蜡为原料药,诸药相配伍,使得各药物功效产生协同作用,烧伤后立即在创面上施用,即在皮肤附件没有全部坏死的创面上施用,能吸收扩散创面余热,减少体液丢失,减轻创周血栓形成,有效防止烧伤面感染,保护小血管的生长;使被热损伤致半死半活的皮肤附件,即残余的毛囊干细胞复活。因毛囊干细胞属于成体干细胞,具有多向分化潜能,和其它成体干细胞一样,有自我更新增殖能力强等特点。它能分化成表皮、毛囊、皮脂腺,参与皮肤被烧创伤后创面修复的过程,药物给新生毛囊干细胞的裂变、增殖能力、多向分化潜能提供适宜的修复环境,使烧烫伤创面实现无疤愈合。
黄芩:性味苦,寒。功能主治:清热泻火;燥湿解毒。药理作用是对绿脓杆菌、葡萄球菌、溶血性琏球菌有抗菌作用,也有抗真菌作用。
连翘:性味苦,凉,轻清上浮,可治上焦诸热,具有解热、抗炎、抗病原微生物作用,特别是对金黄色葡萄球菌之抑制作用好,尤能解毒消痈而散结,为疮家的要药。
双花:性味甘,寒,既可清透疏表,又能解血分热毒,尤为治阳性疮疡的要药。双花与连翘均有良好的清热解毒作用,既能透热达表,又能清里热、解疮毒,黄芩、连翘、双花这三种中药都有抗菌作用。
上述双花、黄芩和连翘三药合用在烧伤和各种溃疡创面上,具有解热消毒抑菌作用,能有效防止烧伤面感染,保护小血管的生长。
大黄:性味苦,寒。功能主治:凉血解毒,逐瘀通经。用于疔疮痈肿,跌打损伤,外治水火烫伤。
当归:性味甘、辛,温。功能主治;补血活血,调经止痛,润燥滑肠。用治跌打损伤,痈疽疮疡。
黄芪:性味甘,微温。功能主治;补中益气生血之要药;与补血药伍用,能扶助正气,托脓毒外出,气血虚弱、脓水清稀伤口难敛者,用本品补气行滞、活血生血和生肌敛疮之效,人体血管内血液的运行有赖于气的推动,气行则血行,气滞则血凝,用黄芪补气行血有助于栓塞的微循环畅通,抑制血小板聚集作用。
当归、黄芪合用:补中益气、活血生血、消肿止痛、行气通络,化瘀血消肿痛,扶助正气通络,托脓毒外出,生肌敛疮。
白芨:性味苦、涩、甘、微寒。功能主治;能益气止血、收敛止血、消痈肿、生肌敛疮,可用治体内、外诸出血证。为痈肿、疮疡、手足皲裂、水火烧烫伤的常用药。
血竭:性味甘、咸、平。功能主治:散瘀定痛;止血;生肌敛疮。主治跌打损伤、内伤瘀痛、痛经、产后瘀阻腹痛、外伤出血不止、瘰疬、臁疮、痔疮等溃久不愈的创面。
珍珠:性味甘、咸,寒。功能主治;安神定惊,清热益阴,生肌敛疮,促进创面愈合。
枯矾:性味酸、涩寒。功能主治;止血止泻,有抑菌作用:对金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓杆菌、白色念珠菌等亦有明显的抑制作用。
冰片:性味辛、苦,凉,无毒。功能主治:通诸窍,散郁火,消肿止痛,生肌敛疮。其性偏于寒凉,为凉开之品;辛能走窜,引药入里而通诸窍。
真麻油:性味甘,凉,无毒。中医认为入手阳明经。功能主治:解毒,消炎生肌;麻油中还含有蛋白质、芝麻素、维生素E,含矿物质元素有钙、磷、钠、镁、铁、锌、铜以及猛,这些微量元素于人体需求也非常重要,尤其是钙、铁等元素与人体正常生活、活动息息相关。
用麻油熬中药膏剂,有止疼痛、消痈肿、生新肌、修皮裂的作用。制备成软膏基质外治;能治疗烧伤、烫伤、疮肿、溃疡、皮肤过敏、皲裂以及疥癣等顽疾。
中华蜂蜡:性味:甘,淡,平。功能主治:解毒;止血;定痛、收涩,敛疮,生肌。中华蜂蜡与麻油合用制备成赋型剂及油膏基质外用,常用于烧、烫伤、创伤、臁疮糜烂、肛脓血、痈疽发背,溃疡不敛等各种创面。
上述诸药伍用:具有清热解毒、消肿止疼、活血化瘀、袪腐生肌、敛疮收口之特殊功能;具有抗真菌和抑多种细菌的作用。
烧伤属于热性病,烧伤后创面及其周围毛细血管损伤,并发体液渗漏,为减少体液丢失,被损伤的血管内皮细胞脱落,导致栓塞形成,又引起创周水肿,在水肿回吸收期会引发多种致命性的并发症,所以要配合活血化瘀,保护小血管的生长。本方正是以清热解毒、活血化瘀、生肌长肉药。
在烧伤创面早期施用;能吸收扩散创面余热,减少体液丢失,减轻血栓形成,软化坏死组织,激活新生组织,避免或减少创面及全身多器官并发症的发生。
该配方药无毒副作用,治疗烧烫伤创面愈合后无疤,还可以治疗深度烧烫伤及感染创面、植皮失败和其他原因引起长时间不愈的烧伤残余创面,比传统方法愈合快。还可以使糖尿病足和臁疮腿通过外涂本药可自身修复,避免截肢之苦,老年人压伤褥疮,疔疮痈肿,擦伤、创伤和手术感染后长期不愈的各种慢性溃疡创面,外涂本药均可自身修复。
本发明药物的配伍组方是发明人经过近三十多年反复试验,大量摸索总结得出的。烧伤后立即在创面上施用,越早越快越好。
本发明有益效果是:本发明药物适用于烧烫伤早期创面,对于1度和II度烧烫伤愈合后不留疤或者是少留疤;对于深度烧汤上可减轻疤痕的生成。也适用于烧伤感染、烧伤残余创面、植皮失败、手术后感染等各种长期不愈的慢性溃疡创面。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例进一步阐述本发明药物、制备方法和效果。
实施例1:本发明药物的膏剂。
由黄芩20份、连翘20份、双花20份、大黄20份、当归10份、黄芪10份、白芨10份、血竭6份、珍珠6份、枯矾6份、冰片5份、真麻油1200份、中华蜂蜡180份。
制备方法
步骤1)称取各种原料药黄芩、连翘、双花、大黄、当归、黄芪、白芨、血竭、珍珠、枯矾、冰片、真麻油、中华蜂蜡备用;
步骤2)血竭研磨成细粉,备用;
步骤3)珍珠研磨成极细粉,备用;
步骤4)枯矾研磨成细粉,备用;
步骤5)冰片研磨成细粉,备用;
步骤6)称取下原料药:黄芩、连翘、双花、大黄、当归、黄芪和白芨7味原料药用抢水法洗两遍,洗掉原料药上的细小颗粒及灰尘,放真麻油内浸48小时以上,用中火煎至大饮片发黄,小饮片发黑时离火,用两层纱布过滤至另一个清洁容器里,得药油备用;
步骤7)中华蜂蜡放盆里上火熔化,趁热滤入热药油里,进行不停的搅拌直至油温降至80至50度之间,将步骤2)所得的血竭粉、将步骤3)所得的珍珠粉、将步骤4)所得的枯矾粉、将步骤5)所得的冰片粉,依次放进药膏内,搅拌均匀冷却后即得无疤烧伤膏。
实施例2:膏剂。
是由黄芩30份、连翘25份、双花25份、大黄20份、当归20份、黄芪20份、白芨15份、血竭20份、珍珠20份、枯矾10份、冰片8份、真麻油1500份、中华蜂蜡220份。
制备方法同实施例一。
临床试验例:
一、一般资料使用本实施例1和2药膏治疗并观察82例:其中1度烧伤5例,浅2度烧伤20例,深2度烧伤15例,浅3度烧伤20例,深3度烧伤10例,深3度的干痂创面6例,糖尿病足溃烂6例。
对照组即用其他方法和药物治疗观察21例。
二、治疗方法:用碘伏在创面消毒,生理盐水脱碘,外用本发明的药膏涂抹创面上,用6层纱布履盖,绷带缠,胶布固定,1天或者2天换药一次。有红肿热痛的炎症创面配合抗生素输液,无红肿热痛创面不用任何抗生素。深厚、大面积坏死组织配合手法削痂清创。治疗时间越早越好。
三、治疗效果分析
1、1度创面5例,外用本发明的药膏20小时,在24小时内5例未长水疱,皮肤转为正常肤色,实现1次性治愈;48小时内出现水疱2例,按浅2度治疗。
2、浅2度创面20例,外用本发明的药膏,5天无疤愈合4例;6天无疤愈合7例;7天无疤愈合9例;8天无疤愈合1例;9天无疤愈合1例。
3、深2度创面15例,其中包括1例高血糖病人,外用本发明的药膏。12天无疤愈合1例,13天无疤愈合2例,14天无疤愈合5例,15天无疤愈合2例,16天无疤愈合2例,17天无疤愈合2例,18天无疤愈合1例为高血糖病人。
4、浅3度创面20例,外用本发明的药膏;20天无疤愈合2例,21天无疤愈合2例,22天无疤愈合4例,23天无疤愈合4例,24天无疤愈合5例;25天愈合1例创面留较重色素沉着,28天愈合1例留下平疤,30天以后愈合1例留下凹陷疤。
5、深3度创面10例,包括2例高血糖病人.外用本发明的药膏,坏死组织5天开始液化,18-35天愈合,无明显疤痕。
6、深3度的干痂创面6例,包括其他医院转来的。外用本发明的药膏,坏死组织5天开始液化2例,8天开始液化3例,10天后未液化配合手法清创1例。30天愈合2例,50天愈合3例,80天后愈合1例,均未植皮。
7、糖尿病足溃烂6例,外用本发明的药膏,28天愈合1例,51天愈合1例,66天愈合1例,80天愈合2例,120天愈合1例,均未植皮。
请注意:以上各种创面在治疗期间无明显红肿热痛炎性反应,中小面积不用抗生素,大面积用抗生素1周后停用,如果有红肿热痛或者过敏者应对症用药。
(二)对照组1、6例红肿热痛1度烧伤创面,烧伤后用冷水浸2小时后长水疱5例,1例未长水泡。
(三)对照组2、用干燥结痂法治疗6例2度烧伤创面,25天-35天后愈合,5例有明显的疤痕。仅1例无疤,治疗期间用大剂量抗生素输液。
(四)对照组3、用干燥结痂法治疗5例浅3度烧伤创面,全部感染扩大致创面坏死,并用大剂量抗生素输液,分别在3个月至6个月愈合,愈后均有明显的疤痕或肢体残疾。
(五)对照组4、用干燥结痂法治疗糖尿病足渍烂4例,均感染扩大创面坏死,有3例越治感染越重发展至截肢,1例转用中药膏。
另外要说明的是,如在各种干燥结痂后长期不愈的慢性创面上使用,使干硬的坏死组织早日软化、液化、分离,使创面周围的红肿热痛症状早日消退,能缓解伤情减轻痛阈值,坏死组织通过快速软化,液化解体,复活新生组织,避免或减少创面及全身多器官并发症的发生。提前治愈,并缩短60-90%的治疗时间,减少愈后皮肤、肢体残疾率。
还有要说明的是,外用本发明的药膏,1度烧伤创面,2小时左右症状缓解。浅2度烧伤创面1周之内无疤愈合,深2度烧伤创面2周之内无疤愈合,浅3度烧伤创面三周左右愈合,愈后多数为可以出汗的色素沉着创面,3年内长出汗毛,皮肤附件恢复至伤前正常生理功能。深3度和已结痂、感染创面,糖尿病烂足、臁疮,擦伤、创伤,压伤、裖疮等慢性溃疡创面,不需要植皮也可以自身修复,愈合后多为平疤创面,无一例肢体残疾。
Claims (4)
1.一种烧烫伤外用无疤痕中药膏,其特征在于:包括下述重量份的原料组成:
黄芩8-30份 连翘6-30份
双花6-28份 大黄6-28份
当归6-26份 黄芪4-26份
白芨6-26份 血竭2-26份
珍珠3-28份 枯矾4-26份
冰片4-16份真麻油500-3000份、中华蜂蜡80-650份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种烧烫伤外用无疤痕中药膏,其特征在于:各原料药及重量份为:黄芩20份,连翘20份,双花20份,大黄20份,当归10份,黄芪10份,白芨10份,血竭6份,珍珠6份,枯矾6份,冰片5份,真麻油1200份、中华蜂蜡180份。
3.一种如权利要求1或2所述的一种烧烫伤外用无疤痕中药膏,其特征在于它包括下列步骤:
步骤1、按比例称取各原料药黄芩、连翘、双花、大黄、当归、黄芪、白芨、血竭、珍珠、枯矾、冰片、真麻油、蜂蜡备用;
步骤2、将血竭研磨成细粉,备用;
步骤3、将珍珠研磨成细粉,备用;
步骤4、将枯矾研磨成极细粉,备用;
步骤5、将冰片研磨成粉,备用;
步骤6、将称取的7味原料药:黄芩、连翘、双花、大黄、当归、黄芪和白芨,用抢水洗法,洗两遍,洗掉原料药上细小颗粒及灰尘,放入真麻油内浸至少48小时,然后用中火煎至大饮片发黄,小饮片发黑时离火,用两层纱布过滤至另一个清洁容器里,得药油备用;
步骤7、将中华蜂蜡放容器里上火熔化,趁热滤入步骤6所得热药油里,进行不停的搅拌直至油温降至50℃-80℃,得药膏,
步骤8、将步骤2所得的血竭粉、将步骤3所得的珍珠粉、将步骤4所得的枯矾粉、将步骤5所得的冰片粉,依次放进步骤7所得的药膏内,搅拌均匀冷却后即得烧烫伤外用无疤痕中药膏。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种烧烫伤外用无疤痕中药膏,其特征在于,所述中药制剂为软膏剂。
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