CN116157493A

CN116157493A - Device for melting bulk amorphous material and method implemented by the device

Info

Publication number: CN116157493A
Application number: CN202180057139.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: O·A·斯克沃尔特斯夫
Original assignee: Pmbbox LLC
Current assignee: Pmbbox LLC
Priority date: 2020-08-05
Filing date: 2021-07-29
Publication date: 2023-05-23
Also published as: WO2022031186A1; RU2742426C1; BR112023001910A2

Abstract

The present utility model relates to an apparatus for melting a lump of amorphous material, and also to a method of melting a lump of amorphous material. The implementation of the present utility model makes it possible to produce technical results in the form of an increase in the productivity of the melted bulk amorphous mass. The device comprises a tank (1) for collecting a melt (2), having an opening (3) at the top for loading a mass (4) to be melted; the hot knives (5) are mounted parallel to each other below the opening (2) and have alternately inclined cutting edges (6); heaters (7), each heater being disposed within a respective hot knife (5); a duct (8) having a nozzle (9), said duct (8) being arranged lower than said hot knife (5) and surrounding the projection of a bolus (4) on a horizontal plane, said nozzle (9) facing the inside of the area formed by said duct (8); a heater (10) for additionally heating the melt (2); and a pump (12) for feeding the additionally heated melt into the pipe (8). The method comprises placing the briquette (4) over a hot knife (5) having alternately sloped cutting blades; heating the hot knife (5) to a first set temperature; additionally heating a portion of the melted amorphous material to a second set temperature greater than the first set temperature; the additionally heated melt (2) is fed into a pipe (8) in which a nozzle (9) faces the portion of the melted mass (4) exiting from below the hot knife (5) in order to increase the melting efficiency of the mass of amorphous material.

Description

Device for melting bulk amorphous material and method implemented by the device

Technical Field

Technical field the present utility model relates to an apparatus for melting lump amorphous material such as conventional asphalt, polymer modified asphalt, sealant, and a method of melting lump amorphous material.

Background

Various amorphous materials in the cold state such as asphalt, polymer modified asphalt, sealant, etc. have elastic properties like crystalline solids, but become fluid like liquid after heating. Almost all of these substances in hot (liquefied) form correspond to hazard class 3 during transportation and storage, which requires special packaging, transportation and precautions. In packaging, when packaged and cooled, in contrast, asphalt, polymer modified asphalt, sealant, etc. correspond to the 4 th hazard class, requiring no special shipping and storage conditions. Thus, all of these materials are packaged by filling into a container in a hot (softened) state, and their properties may vary greatly. Upon cooling, these materials acquire the characteristics of being stable under conditions and form the shape of the package, simplifying their transportation and storage.

The most widely used materials are paper or cardboard containers with release coatings, metal drums, metal and plywood low tonnage containers, made of polypropylene fabric, disposable flexible containers with polyethylene liners (BigBag). For any type of packaging, the cooled amorphous mass is in the form of a mass.

In this form of the agglomerate, the amorphous substance can be transported over any distance and stored for a long period of time. In order to open the package of the amorphous mass, it is necessary to heat it so that its liquefied mass separates from the package under its own weight and flows down into a container prepared for this, where it is heated to the process temperature and pumped further to its destination.

Various methods and apparatus for melting bulk amorphous materials, such as asphalt or sealants, are known.

The russian federal utility model patent No. 107530 (published 8.20 2011) discloses an apparatus for melting solid and viscous petroleum products packaged in a container in which heating is provided by placing a heat carrier tube mounted at the bottom of the container. The disadvantage of this device is the long heating time, since the pipe first heats the air in the whole device and then the substance to be melted. Thus, the performance of the device is poor.

The more efficient production device is to melt the mass by means of a heating element on which the mass is placed. Such asphalt melting equipment is described, for example, in certificate 1217968 of the soviet union (published 3, 15, 1986). In this device, the heater is placed on a horizontally reciprocating loading frame. However, the productivity of such a device is low, since the heating of the mass of molten material is only carried out from one side-from the bottom.

According to certificate 757626 of the soviet union (published on 25.8.1980), the productivity of asphalt boilers is higher, where the ability to place asphalt pellets is provided by upwardly directed gas pipes and connected by transverse ribs directed to the top. These upwardly directed elements assist in cutting the melted mass. However, such devices, which are selected as the closest analogues, are considered to be less efficient (production) because the heating of the mass is only performed by the sharp upper part of the pipe and the ribs connecting them.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, there is a problem that the melting of the lump-shaped amorphous substance is accelerated to obtain technical results of improving the melting productivity thereof.

In order to solve this problem and achieve the specific technical result in the first object of the present utility model, an apparatus for melting a lump-shaped amorphous substance is proposed. The apparatus comprises a tank for collecting melt, the top of which has an opening for loading the mass to be melted; the heating blades are mounted below the opening, parallel to each other, the cutting edges alternately tilting the heaters, each of them being located inside a respective heating blade; a conduit having a nozzle located below the hot knife and covering the projection of the mass onto a horizontal plane, the nozzle being directed into the area formed by the conduit; a heater designed to provide additional heating to the melt; a pump designed to provide additional heated melt to the conduit.

The device according to the first object of the utility model is characterized in that the heater can be made in the form of a heat exchanger designed to circulate a coolant.

Another feature of the apparatus according to the first object of the utility model is that each heater may be made in the form of a coil for circulating coolant.

An optional feature of the device according to the first object of the utility model is that each heater may be made in the form of an electrical heating element.

Meanwhile, the space inside each hot knife, which houses the heater, may be filled with a material having high thermal conductivity.

Another feature of the apparatus according to the first object of the present utility model is that the side surface of each hot knife stretched from the cutting edge thereof may be polished.

Finally, the device according to the first object of the utility model is further characterized in that the amorphous substance may be a substance from the group comprising bitumen, polymer modified bitumen, sealants.

In order to solve the same problem and achieve the same technical result in the second object of the present utility model, a method for melting a lump of amorphous material is proposed in which a compact to be melted is placed on hot knives having alternately inclined cutting edges, which are installed parallel to each other; heating the hot knife to the first target temperature; further heating at least a portion of the molten amorphous material to a second target temperature that exceeds the first predetermined temperature; the additionally heated melt is fed into the pipe, the nozzle being directed to the portion of the molten coal mass flowing from below the heated knife.

Drawings

Description of the drawings the present utility model is illustrated by the accompanying drawings, in which like elements have like reference numerals.

In fig. 1 a schematic view of a device according to the utility model is shown.

The position of the hot knife and the pipe with nozzle is shown in fig. 2.

One possible arrangement of nozzles is shown in fig. 3.

Detailed Description

The device according to the first object of the utility model is made according to the solution shown in fig. 1. The device comprises a tank (reservoir) 1 designed for collecting a melt 2, i.e. a molten amorphous substance, such as asphalt (hereinafter, for simplicity, referred to everywhere as asphalt, but this is not meant to be limiting; polymer modified asphalt may also be used as a molten amorphous substance, sealant or other similar substance). The container 1 has an opening 3 at the top for loading the asphalt mass 4 to be melted.

Below the opening 3 of the tank 1, a hot knife 5 is mounted, embodiments of which are described below. Each hot knife 5 has an inclined (relative to vertical) cutting edge 6. All hot knives 5 are mounted parallel to each other and their cutting edges 6 alternate in slope. Each hot knife 5 is in the form of a right triangle, the hypotenuse of which is the cutting edge 6, or it may be given the shape of a rectangular trapezoid, the base of which extends vertically, the cutting edge 6 being an inclined side, as shown in fig. 1 and 2. In principle, the specific shape of the hot knife 5 differs, for example in the form of a parallelogram or trapezoid, one of its sides forming a cutting edge extending at an angle to the vertical. The angle (upper angle of the hot knife 5 in fig. 1 or 2) is selected to be less than 90 ° (preferably not more than 60 °) such that the cutting edge 6 preferably spans the entire width of the melted mass 4.

The hot knife 5 may be made of any durable and thermally conductive material, such as steel (including stainless steel) or various copper or aluminum alloys. Each hot knife 5 is hollow. For the manufacture of the hot knife 5, sheet-like materials with milling, laser, plasma or jet abrasive cutting can be used. The finished workpiece may be bent, welded or otherwise joined to form the cutting edge 6. All side surfaces of each hot knife 5 from its cutting edge 6 may be polished to reduce friction during cutting of asphalt or other amorphous material, thereby expediting the process.

The hollow structure of the hot knife 5 is designed to house a heater 7 inside it. The heater 7 may be made in the form of an electric heating element (spiral) or a coil of tubing designed to circulate a coolant through them, as shown in fig. 1. The space within the hot knife 5 around the heater 7 may be filled with a material having a high thermal conductivity, such as aluminum or an alloy thereof, and if the entire structure is sufficiently compact, may be filled with athermal lubricating oil or the like.

Below the lower edge of the hot knife 5, inside the tank 1, a duct 8 is placed which covers the projection of the briquette 4 on the horizontal plane. In this pipe 8 a nozzle 9 is arranged. They are directed inwardly towards the area formed by the duct 8, as shown in figures 2 and 3. In fig. 1, the nozzle 9 is generally shown visible. The number of nozzles 9 and their size and the pressure at which the additionally heated melt 2 is supplied through these nozzles 9 are selected on the basis of the size of the mass 4 to be melted and the substance to be melted. Preferably, the nozzle should form a jet of hot melt 2 capable of cutting semi-molten material from the mass 4 below the hot knife 5. It is preferable to place no less number of nozzles 9 than the number of hot knives 5 on the side of the duct 8 parallel to the plane of the hot knives 5 (left side in fig. 2 and 3). On the vertical side of the pipe 8 (right side in fig. 2 or lower side in fig. 3), the nozzle 9 is preferably placed at least opposite the gap between the hot knives 5. Fig. 3 shows one of the possible choices of the position of the nozzle 9 along the periphery of the duct 8.

As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus according to the first object of the utility model comprises a heater 10, which heater 10 is designed for additionally heating the melt 2. The heater may be made, for example, in the form of a heat exchanger in which it connects the pump 12 with the pipe 8 via a pipe 11. The pump 12 is in turn connected to the tank 1 by a pipe section 13 for pumping part of the melt 2 through the heater 10 and for supplying the additionally heated melt to the pipe 8. In principle, the heater 10 may be mounted directly below the tank 1, so that a separate heat exchanger is not required.

In fig. 1,

reference numerals

14 and 15 denote branch pipes for supplying coolant in the heater 7, respectively, in which case they are made in the form of coil pipes, and for removing coolant from these coils. The solid arrows near these nozzles show the direction of movement of the coolant and the dashed arrows show the direction of movement of the additionally heated melt. When the heater 7 in the form of an electric heater is implemented, instead of these tubes, there will be corresponding leads for connection to a power source.

Reference numeral 16 denotes a pipe having a heat carrier passing inside the heater 10 when the heater 10 is made in the form of a heat exchanger. In the case of a heater made in the form of an electric heating element covering the duct 11, it is clear that there is no duct 16 with a heat carrier.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the coolant injection system, the radiator and heater control unit, the means for mounting the mass 4 to be melted and the means for removing the melt 2 are not included in the scope of the utility model, which means may have specifically designed embodiments or be known to an expert.

The method according to the second object of the utility model is achieved in the described device as follows.

A mass 4 of solid asphalt (or other amorphous material) is placed in the opening 3 of the tank 1 in contact with a hot knife 5 heated to a first preset temperature. The first preset temperature is selected to provide at least melting of the mass 4 material. As a result, the solid mass 4 starts to soften and further melt. Under its own weight, the mass 4 is divided into individual pieces (layers) which become increasingly softened upon contact with the polished side surface of each hot knife 5 extending from its cutting edge 6. The resulting melt 2 enters the tank 1.

At the outlet below the hot knife 5, a layer of semi-molten bitumen or other amorphous material falls under a jet of melt that is additionally heated to a second predetermined temperature, which is reached by the pump 12 from the heater 10 through the pipe 8. The second set temperature is chosen to be higher than the first set temperature to ensure a fluid state of the additionally heated melt 2 in which the melt 2 can be easily transferred through the pipe 8 under the influence of the pump 12. This jet of additionally heated melt, which is ejected from the nozzle 9, further cuts the fragments of amorphous material that have been cut by the hot knife 5 and blurs them. The small and softened parts of the resulting agglomerates 4 fall into the lower part of the tank 1, where they eventually melt. Thus, the melting process of the bulk amorphous material is greatly accelerated.

Accelerating the melting process of asphalt pellets or the like not only saves energy, but also significantly reduces the cost of purchasing and maintaining large volumes of equipment with low productivity.

Claims

1. An apparatus for melting a mass of amorphous material, comprising:

-a tank designed for collecting melt, the top of which has an opening for loading the mass to be melted;

-hot knives mounted parallel to each other under the opening, the cutting edges of the hot knives being alternately inclined;

-heaters, each located inside a respective hot knife;

-a duct with a nozzle, placed under the hot knife, said duct covering the projection of the above-mentioned mass on a horizontal plane, the nozzle being directed into the area formed by the duct;

-a heater designed for additional heating of the melt;

a pump designed to provide additional heated melt to the pipe.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heater is made in the form of a heat exchanger for circulating a heat carrier.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein each of said heaters is in the form of a coil pipe for coolant circulation.

4. The device of claim 1, wherein each of the heaters is made in the form of an electrical heating element.

5. The apparatus of claim 3 or 4, wherein the space inside each hot knife where the heater is mounted is filled with a material of high thermal conductivity.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a side surface of each hot knife extending from its cutting edge is polished.

7. The device of claim 1, wherein the amorphous material is a material from the group consisting of asphalt, polymer modified asphalt, sealant.

8. A method of melting a bulk amorphous mass, wherein:

-placing the mass to be melted on hot knives mounted parallel to each other and alternately tilting the cutting edges;

-heating the hot knife to a first preset temperature;

-in addition, at least a part of the melted amorphous mass is heated to a second preset temperature exceeding said first preset temperature;

the additionally heated melt is fed into a pipe, the nozzle being directed towards the part of the melted mass coming out from under the hot knife.