CN116120662A - 一种超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强pp/pet合金餐具料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强pp/pet合金餐具料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WOXXJEVNDJOOLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl-tris(2-methoxyethoxy)silane Chemical compound COCCO[Si](OCCOC)(OCCOC)C=C WOXXJEVNDJOOLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料,以质量百分比计,包括以下组分:聚丙烯树脂11‑60%,PET0.1‑50%,相容剂2‑5%,无机针状填料36.5‑70%,硅烷偶联剂0.5‑2%,抗氧剂0.2‑0.5%,抗菌剂0.5‑2%;所述的无机针状填料选用碱式硫酸镁晶须、硫酸钙晶须、硅酸钙晶须中的一种或多种混合。本发明还公开了该合金餐具料的制备方法。本发明制得的合金餐具料具有高刚性、高模量等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子材料技术领域,具体涉及一种超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料及其制备方法。
背景技术
塑料是一种可重复利用的天然资源,由于资源紧缺,材料的循环利用成为人类科技发展的必然趋势。塑料餐具目前已经广泛应用于人们的日常生活中,但是目前的塑料餐具原料大多来源于石化材料,从长远来看,制造餐具的资源有限,且存在较多的卫生安全问题。因此,研究一种健康安全的塑料餐具成为研究热点。
聚丙烯是一种热塑性塑料,具有很好的耐化学溶剂、良好的热稳定性,高温下制件的尺寸稳定性高、拉伸强度和冲击强度优异等优点,聚丙烯虽然有以上优点,但是也有一定的缺点,例如低温下冲击强度比较低,使用过程中在气候的影响下易老化、高温刚性不足等。因此,在具体使用时需要对其进行改性。聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯具有良好的耐热性能,机械性能优异,硬度高,基于以上聚丙烯和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯各自的优缺点,将二者共混形成的复合材料应用则更加广泛。将聚丙烯/聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯复合材料用于餐具料中不仅提高了餐具的安全健康性,且餐具的性能也得到进一步提升。但是目前聚丙烯/聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯材料中还存在刚性低、韧性差等缺点,需要进一步改性处理以满足餐具料的要求,目前餐具料中通常添加的玻纤来提高材料的刚度,而含玻纤材料的餐具料破损后会产生玻纤碎屑,其进入人体后不易代谢,对人体的健康造成伤害。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是:针对现有技术存在的不足,提供一种超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料及其制备方法,本发明以PP/PET为基体,添加无机针状填料进行改性,并添加硅烷偶联剂改善各组分的相容性,制得的餐具料具有高模量,刚性大,性能优异,安全性高。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明的技术方案是:
一种超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料,以质量百分比计,包括以下组分:
所述的无机针状填料选用碱式硫酸镁晶须、硫酸钙晶须、硅酸钙晶须中的一种或多种混合,进一步优选为碱式硫酸镁晶须。
作为上述技术方案的优选,所选聚丙烯树脂为高结晶性均聚聚丙烯或高结晶性共聚聚丙烯,所述聚丙烯树脂的弯曲模量为1200-2000GPa,进一步优选为1500-1900GPa;熔融指数为14-60g/10min(230℃2.16kg),进一步优选为25-35g/10min(230℃2.16kg);所述PET的特性粘度为0.7-0.9dl/g,进一步优选为0.83-0.9dl/g。
作为上述技术方案的优选,所述相容剂选用GMA-g-EMA、GMA-g-SEBS、GMA-g-PP、GMA-g-POE中的一种或多种混合。
作为上述技术方案的优选,所选无机针状填料的长径比为5-50,进一步优选为10-30。
作为上述技术方案的优选,所述硅烷偶联剂为乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、三乙氧基乙烯基硅烷、乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)丙基三甲氧基硅烷的一种,进一步优选为三乙氧基乙烯基硅烷。
作为上述技术方案的优选,所述抗氧剂包括主抗氧剂和辅助抗氧剂,二者质量比为(9-11):1;所述主抗氧剂包括N,N'-双-(3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酰基)己二胺、四(β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸)季戊四醇酯中的一种或两种组合,所述辅助抗氧剂包括亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯、双(2.4-二叔丁基苯基)季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、硫代二丙酸二双十八酯中的一种或两种以上组合。
作为上述技术方案的优选,所述抗菌剂的制备方法为:将纳米氧化锌超声分散在γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)丙基三甲氧基硅烷中制得分散液,将分散液滴加入高速搅拌的pH=12的NaOH溶液中,在500-600rpm的搅拌转速下进行搅拌水解缩聚反应,反应结束后向反应液中滴加醋酸至中性,过滤并将沉淀干燥,得到具有亚微米尺寸的改性纳米氧化锌。
作为上述技术方案的优选,所述纳米氧化锌与γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)丙基三甲氧基硅烷的质量比为1:(1-4),进一步优选为1:2;所述水解缩聚反应的温度为50-80℃,时间为1-3h。
为了更好的解决上述技术问题,本发明还提供了以下技术方案:
一种超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按配比称取各原料;
(2)将称取的无机针状填料和硅烷偶联剂投入到高搅机中搅拌均匀,再分别再加入PET、聚丙烯树脂、相容剂、抗氧剂、抗菌剂搅拌均匀后制得混合物料;
(2)将上述混合物料倒入到双螺杆喂料斗内,并启动双螺杆挤出机熔融造粒,造粒时加料段温度设置为150-180℃,输送段温度设置为230-250℃,捏合段温度设置为245-255℃,真空排气段温度设置为220-230℃,模头挤出段温度设置为230-240℃,真空系统真空压力为-0.06±0.01MPa;
(3)将上述熔融挤出的产品颗粒在干燥釜中120℃下干燥处理1-2小时,得到合金餐具料。
由于采用了上述技术方案,本发明的有益效果是:
本发明将聚丙烯树脂和PET复配作为合金餐具料的基体,普通聚丙烯PP材料的耐热性能差,表面软易划伤,聚丙烯PP为主相通过加入PET合金化可以提高材料的耐刮擦性能和耐热性;PET材质为主相时,加入PP合金化可以提高体系的耐水解性能,较纯PET基材的餐具具有更持久的耐用性。本发明添加了适量的晶须替代玻纤作为改性填料,晶须在提供同等刚度的同时,较玻纤强度小易碎,因此在材料磨损时后产生的碎屑几乎不产生有长径比的颗粒,特别是碱式硫酸镁晶须,可以溶于胃液中,生成的镁盐对人体没有损害,从而提高了合金餐具料的安全性。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例进一步阐述本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
一种超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料,以质量百分比计,包括以下组分:
所述抗菌剂的制备方法为:将纳米氧化锌超声分散在γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)丙基三甲氧基硅烷中制得分散液,将分散液滴加入高速搅拌的pH=12的NaOH溶液中,在500rpm、75℃的条件下进行搅拌水解缩聚反应2h,反应结束后向反应液中滴加醋酸至中性,过滤并将沉淀干燥,得到具有亚微米尺寸的改性纳米氧化锌;
所述超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)按配比称取各原料;
(2)将称取的碱式硫酸镁晶须和硅烷偶联剂A171投入到高搅机中搅拌均匀,再分别再加入PET、聚丙烯树脂Z30S、GMA-g-POE、抗氧剂1010、抗氧剂168、抗菌剂搅拌均匀后制得混合物料;
(2)将上述混合物料倒入到双螺杆喂料斗内,并启动双螺杆挤出机熔融造粒,造粒时加料段温度设置为150-180℃,输送段温度设置为230-250℃,捏合段温度设置为245-255℃,真空排气段温度设置为220-230℃,模头挤出段温度设置为230-240℃,真空系统真空压力为-0.06±0.01MPa;
(3)将上述熔融挤出的产品颗粒在干燥釜中120℃下干燥处理1小时,得到合金餐具料。
实施例2
一种超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料,以质量百分比计,包括以下组分:
所述抗菌剂的制备方法为:将纳米氧化锌超声分散在γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)丙基三甲氧基硅烷中制得分散液,将分散液滴加入高速搅拌的pH=12的NaOH溶液中,在600rpm、75℃的条件下进行搅拌水解缩聚反应2h,反应结束后向反应液中滴加醋酸至中性,过滤并将沉淀干燥,得到具有亚微米尺寸的改性纳米氧化锌。
所述超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)按配比称取各原料;
(2)将称取的碱式硫酸镁晶须和硅烷偶联剂A171投入到高搅机中搅拌均匀,再分别再加入PET、聚丙烯树脂Z30S、GMA-g-POE、抗氧剂1010、抗氧剂168、抗菌剂搅拌均匀后制得混合物料;
(2)将上述混合物料倒入到双螺杆喂料斗内,并启动双螺杆挤出机熔融造粒,造粒时加料段温度设置为150-180℃,输送段温度设置为230-250℃,捏合段温度设置为245-255℃,真空排气段温度设置为220-230℃,模头挤出段温度设置为230-240℃,真空系统真空压力为-0.06±0.01MPa;
(3)将上述熔融挤出的产品颗粒在干燥釜中120℃下干燥处理2小时,得到合金餐具料。
实施例3
一种超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料,以质量百分比计,包括以下组分:
所述抗菌剂的制备方法为:将纳米氧化锌超声分散在γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)丙基三甲氧基硅烷中制得分散液,将分散液滴加入高速搅拌的pH=12的NaOH溶液中,在550rpm、75℃的条件下进行搅拌水解缩聚反应2h,反应结束后向反应液中滴加醋酸至中性,过滤并将沉淀干燥,得到具有亚微米尺寸的改性纳米氧化锌。
所述超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)按配比称取各原料;
(2)将称取的碱式硫酸镁晶须和硅烷偶联剂A171投入到高搅机中搅拌均匀,再分别再加入PET、聚丙烯树脂Z30S、GMA-g-POE、抗氧剂1010、抗氧剂168、抗菌剂搅拌均匀后制得混合物料;
(2)将上述混合物料倒入到双螺杆喂料斗内,并启动双螺杆挤出机熔融造粒,造粒时加料段温度设置为150-180℃,输送段温度设置为230-250℃,捏合段温度设置为245-255℃,真空排气段温度设置为220-230℃,模头挤出段温度设置为230-240℃,真空系统真空压力为-0.06±0.01MPa;
(3)将上述熔融挤出的产品颗粒在干燥釜中120℃下干燥处理1.5小时,得到合金餐具料。
实施例4
一种超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料,以质量百分比计,包括以下组分:
所述抗菌剂的制备方法为:将纳米氧化锌超声分散在γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)丙基三甲氧基硅烷中制得分散液,将分散液滴加入高速搅拌的pH=12的NaOH溶液中,在550rpm、75℃的条件下进行搅拌水解缩聚反应2h,反应结束后向反应液中滴加醋酸至中性,过滤并将沉淀干燥,得到具有亚微米尺寸的改性纳米氧化锌。
所述超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)按配比称取各原料;
(2)将称取的硅酸钙晶须和硅烷偶联剂KH560投入到高搅机中搅拌均匀,再分别再加入PET、聚丙烯树脂Z30S、GMA-g-EMA、抗氧剂1010、抗氧剂168、抗菌剂搅拌均匀后制得混合物料;
(2)将上述混合物料倒入到双螺杆喂料斗内,并启动双螺杆挤出机熔融造粒,造粒时加料段温度设置为150-180℃,输送段温度设置为230-250℃,捏合段温度设置为245-255℃,真空排气段温度设置为220-230℃,模头挤出段温度设置为230-240℃,真空系统真空压力为-0.06±0.01MPa;
(3)将上述熔融挤出的产品颗粒在干燥釜中120℃下干燥处理2小时,得到合金餐具料。
对比例1
一种超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料,以质量百分比计,包括以下组分:
所述抗菌剂的制备方法为:将纳米氧化锌超声分散在γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)丙基三甲氧基硅烷中制得分散液,将分散液滴加入高速搅拌的pH=12的NaOH溶液中,在550rpm、75℃的条件下进行搅拌水解缩聚反应2h,反应结束后向反应液中滴加醋酸至中性,过滤并将沉淀干燥,得到具有亚微米尺寸的改性纳米氧化锌。
所述超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)按配比称取各原料;
(2)将称取的碱式硫酸镁晶须投入到高搅机中搅拌均匀,再分别再加入PET、聚丙烯树脂Z30S、GMA-g-POE、抗氧剂1010、抗氧剂168、抗菌剂搅拌均匀后制得混合物料;
(2)将上述混合物料倒入到双螺杆喂料斗内,并启动双螺杆挤出机熔融造粒,造粒时加料段温度设置为150-180℃,输送段温度设置为230-250℃,捏合段温度设置为245-255℃,真空排气段温度设置为220-230℃,模头挤出段温度设置为230-240℃,真空系统真空压力为-0.06±0.01MPa;
(3)将上述熔融挤出的产品颗粒在干燥釜中120℃下干燥处理2小时,得到合金餐具料。
对比例2
一种超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料,以质量百分比计,包括以下组分:
所述抗菌剂的制备方法为:将纳米氧化锌超声分散在γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)丙基三甲氧基硅烷中制得分散液,将分散液滴加入高速搅拌的pH=12的NaOH溶液中,在550rpm、75℃的条件下进行搅拌水解缩聚反应2h,反应结束后向反应液中滴加醋酸至中性,过滤并将沉淀干燥,得到具有亚微米尺寸的改性纳米氧化锌。
所述超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)按配比称取各原料;
(2)将称取的碱式硫酸镁晶须和硅烷偶联剂A171投入到高搅机中搅拌均匀,再分别加入聚丙烯树脂Z30S、抗氧剂1010、抗氧剂168、抗菌剂搅拌均匀后制得混合物料;
(2)将上述混合物料倒入到双螺杆喂料斗内,并启动双螺杆挤出机熔融造粒,造粒时加料段温度设置为150-180℃,输送段温度设置为230-250℃,捏合段温度设置为245-255℃,真空排气段温度设置为220-230℃,模头挤出段温度设置为230-240℃,真空系统真空压力为-0.06±0.01MPa;
(3)将上述熔融挤出的产品颗粒在干燥釜中120℃下干燥处理2小时,得到合金餐具料。
对比例3
一种超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料,以质量百分比计,包括以下组分:
所述抗菌剂的制备方法为:将纳米氧化锌超声分散在γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)丙基三甲氧基硅烷中制得分散液,将分散液滴加入高速搅拌的pH=12的NaOH溶液中,在550rpm、75℃的条件下进行搅拌水解缩聚反应2h,反应结束后向反应液中滴加醋酸至中性,过滤并将沉淀干燥,得到具有亚微米尺寸的改性纳米氧化锌。
所述超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)按配比称取各原料;
(2)将称取的硅酸钙晶须和硅烷偶联剂KH560投入到高搅机中搅拌均匀,再分别加入PET、抗氧剂1010、抗氧剂168、抗菌剂搅拌均匀后制得混合物料;
(2)将上述混合物料倒入到双螺杆喂料斗内,并启动双螺杆挤出机熔融造粒,造粒时加料段温度设置为150-180℃,输送段温度设置为230-250℃,捏合段温度设置为245-255℃,真空排气段温度设置为220-230℃,模头挤出段温度设置为230-240℃,真空系统真空压力为-0.06±0.01MPa;
(3)将上述熔融挤出的产品颗粒在干燥釜中120℃下干燥处理2小时,得到合金餐具料。
将上述实施例以及对比例制得的合金餐具料进行性能测试,测试结果如下:
表1
表格中:磨耗测试DIN53516:+++++质量损耗小于40mg,++++质量损耗40-60mg,+++质量损耗60-80mg,++质量损耗80-100mg,+质量损耗大于100mg。
从上述测试结果可以看出,相对于对比例,本发明将聚丙烯树脂和PET相复配,并添加无机针状填料进行改性,添加适量的相容剂、硅烷偶联剂以及其他助剂,制得的合金餐具料安全性高,且弯曲模量高,强度大,耐磨性能优异。
此外应理解,在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改,这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料,其特征在于,以质量百分比计,包括以下组分:
聚丙烯树脂11-60%,
PET 0.1-50%,
相容剂 2-5%,
无机针状填料 36.5-70%,
硅烷偶联剂 0.5-2%,
抗氧剂 0.2-0.5%,
抗菌剂 0.5-2%;
所述的无机针状填料选用碱式硫酸镁晶须、硫酸钙晶须、硅酸钙晶须中的一种或多种混合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料,其特征在于,所选聚丙烯树脂为高结晶性均聚聚丙烯或高结晶性共聚聚丙烯,所述聚丙烯树脂的弯曲模量为1200-2000GPa,熔融指数为14-60g/10min(230℃2.16kg)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料,其特征在于,所述相容剂选用GMA-g-EMA、GMA-g-SEBS、GMA-g-PP、GMA-g-POE中的一种或多种混合。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料,其特征在于,当PP:PET的质量比大于1:1时,所述的无机针状填料为碱式硫酸镁晶须。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料,其特征在于,所选无机针状填料的长径比为5-50。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料,其特征在于,所述硅烷偶联剂为乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、三乙氧基乙烯基硅烷、乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)丙基三甲氧基硅烷的一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料,其特征在于,所述抗氧剂包括主抗氧剂和辅助抗氧剂,二者质量比为(9-11):1;所述主抗氧剂包括N,N'-双-(3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酰基)己二胺、四(β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸)季戊四醇酯中的一种或两种组合,所述辅助抗氧剂包括亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯、双(2.4-二叔丁基苯基)季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、硫代二丙酸二双十八酯中的一种或两种以上组合。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料,其特征在于,所述抗菌剂的制备方法为:将纳米氧化锌超声分散在γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)丙基三甲氧基硅烷中制得分散液,将分散液滴加入高速搅拌的pH=12的NaOH溶液中,在500-600rpm的搅拌转速下进行搅拌水解缩聚反应,反应结束后向反应液中滴加醋酸至中性,过滤并将沉淀干燥,得到具有亚微米尺寸的改性纳米氧化锌。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料,其特征在于,所述纳米氧化锌与γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)丙基三甲氧基硅烷的质量比为(1:4)-(1:1);所述水解缩聚反应的温度为50-80℃,时间为1-3h。
10.根据权利1-9任一权利要求所述的一种超高刚性高模量非玻纤增强PP/PET合金餐具料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)按配比称取各原料;
(2)将称取的无机针状填料和硅烷偶联剂投入到高搅机中搅拌均匀,再分别再加入PET、聚丙烯树脂、相容剂、抗氧剂、抗菌剂搅拌均匀后制得混合物料;
(2)将上述混合物料倒入到双螺杆喂料斗内,并启动双螺杆挤出机熔融造粒,造粒时加料段温度设置为150-180℃,输送段温度设置为230-250℃,捏合段温度设置为245-255℃,真空排气段温度设置为220-230℃,模头挤出段温度设置为230-240℃,真空系统真空压力为-0.06±0.01MPa;
(3)将上述熔融挤出的产品颗粒在干燥釜中120℃下干燥处理1-2小时,得到合金餐具料。
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