CN116120048B - 一种铁氧体注射成型用的喂料及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种铁氧体注射成型用的喂料及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于铁氧体制备技术领域,公开了一种铁氧体注射成型用的喂料及其制备方法和应用。制备喂料的原料包括铁氧体粉末和粘结剂,粘结剂包括高流动性聚甲醛、高流动性聚丙烯和乙撑双硬脂酰胺;高流动性聚甲醛的熔融指数为100‑130g/10min;高流动性聚丙烯的熔融指数为150‑280g/10min。本发明以高流动性聚甲醛、高流动性聚丙烯和乙撑双硬脂酰胺作为粘结剂的主要成分,并通过控制聚甲醛、聚丙烯的熔融指数,能够有效提高喂料的流动性和注射性能;且该喂料可直接使用草酸脱脂,粘结剂易于去除,过程简单,利于大规模生产应用。利用其制备的铁氧体的烧结密度高达4.87g/cm3,性能优异。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于铁氧体制备技术领域,具体涉及一种铁氧体注射成型用的喂料及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
铁氧体注射成型是一种由塑料注射成型引申而来的技术,与塑料注射成型不同的是,铁氧体注射成型所需的喂料由原材料粉末与粘结剂混合制成。注射成型工艺具有一次成型复杂形状制品、产品尺寸精度高和产品烧结后无需机械加工或只需微量加工等优点。目前该工艺已广泛应用于金属制品,但在铁氧体制品上应用较少,仍处于实验室研发阶段,还存在诸多实际应用的问题。如现有技术中提出的一种高固含量的注射成型镍锌铁氧体颗粒料及烧结磁体,该铁氧体颗粒料以蜡基作为主要粘结剂成,需要使用溶剂-热脱工艺脱脂,较难应用于实际生产。而且铁氧体粉末粒径较小,传统的粘结剂流动性较差,制备的铁氧体注射成型用的喂料往往流动性差,不便于注射,严重影响其在实际生产中的应用。
因此,亟需提供一种流动性强的铁氧体注射成型用的喂料,便于注射,有利于铁氧体注射成型在实际生产中的应用。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决上述现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此,本发明提出一种铁氧体注射成型用的喂料及其制备方法和应用。该喂料的流动性强,便于注射,且利用其制备的铁氧体烧结密度高,性能优异。
本发明第一方面提供了一种铁氧体注射成型用的喂料。
具体地,一种铁氧体注射成型用的喂料,制备所述喂料的原料包括铁氧体粉末和粘结剂,所述粘结剂包括高流动性聚甲醛、高流动性聚丙烯、乙撑双硬脂酰胺;所述高流动性聚甲醛的熔融指数为100-130g/10min;所述高流动性聚丙烯的熔融指数为150-280g/10min。
优选地,所述高流动性聚甲醛的熔融指数为120-130g/10min。
优选地,所述高流动性聚丙烯的熔融指数为200-280g/10min;进一步优选地,所述高流动性聚丙烯的熔融指数为230-280g/10min。
优选地,所述粘结剂的质量占所述原料的总质量的10%-20%;进一步优选地,所述粘结剂的质量占所述原料的总质量的15%-18%;更优选地,所述粘结剂的质量占所述原料的总质量的15.5%-16.8%。可以理解的是,所述原料即制备所述喂料的原料。
优选地,所述粘结剂还包括表面活性剂和/或润滑剂。
优选地,所述表面活性剂为硬脂酸。
优选地,所述润滑剂包括石蜡、棕榈蜡中的至少一种。
优选地,按重量份计,所述粘结剂包括60-80份高流动性聚甲醛、10-20份高分子聚合物、1-8份乙撑双硬脂酰胺、0.5-5份表面活性剂和5-15润滑剂;优选地,按重量份计,所述粘结剂包括65-75份高流动性聚甲醛、10-14份高分子聚合物、3-6份乙撑双硬脂酰胺、1-3份表面活性剂和8-12润滑剂。
优选地,所述铁氧体粉末包括主成分和辅助成分,按重量百分比计,所述主成分包括50wt%-53wt%Fe2O3、10wt%-12wt%ZnO和35wt%-40%Mn3O4。
优选地,所述辅助成分选自CaCO3、Bi2O3、Nb2O5、MoO3中的至少一种。
优选地,所述辅助成分的质量占所述主成分的0.08%-0.15%;进一步优选地,所述辅助成分的质量占所述主成分的0.10%-0.12%。
优选地,所述铁氧体粉末的粒径为0.8-1.2μm;进一步优选地,所述铁氧体粉末的粒径为0.9-1.1μm。
优选地,所述铁氧体注射成型用的喂料的熔融指数为800-1000g/10min,射出峰压约1500-2000kgf/c;进一步优选地,所述铁氧体注射成型用的喂料的熔融指数为800-1000g/10min,射出峰压约1600-1800kgf/c。
本发明第二方面提供了一种铁氧体注射成型用的喂料的制备方法。
具体地,一种铁氧体注射成型用的喂料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将铁氧体粉末和粘结剂进行密炼,造粒,制得铁氧体注射成型用的喂料。
优选地,所述铁氧体粉末的制备方法如下:将50wt%-53wt%Fe2O3、10wt%-12wt%ZnO和35wt%-40%Mn3O4研磨,于800-900℃下预烧结1-3h;然后加入占所述主成分的0.08%-0.15%的辅助成分,研磨后得到浆料;再将所述浆料干燥、破碎,得到铁氧体粉末;所述辅助成分选自CaCO3、Bi2O3、Nb2O5、MoO3中的至少一种。通过控制铁氧体粉末的组成,以及先预烧结再加入辅助成分研磨,能够控制粉末的粒径约为1μm,提高粉末活性,更易于烧结,提高烧结密度。
优选地,所述密炼的过程为:先于15-30rpm的转速下密炼30-60min;然后于30-50rpm的转速下密炼50-90min;进一步优选地,所述密炼的过程为:先于20-30rpm的转速下密炼40-60min;然后于30-40rpm的转速下密炼50-70min。
更为具体地,一种铁氧体注射成型用的喂料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将50wt%-53wt%Fe2O3、10wt%-12wt%ZnO和35wt%-40%Mn3O4加水混合,然后以800-1200rpm转速研磨20-60min,得到初步混合物;
(2)将所述初步混合物在800-900℃下烧结1-3h,得到预烧产物;
(3)向所述预烧产物中加入辅助成分与水,然后球磨,于250-4000rpm的转速下球磨时间为20-60min,得到料浆;将所述浆料干燥、破碎,得到铁氧体粉末;
(4)按配比称量所述铁氧体粉末和粘结剂,待密炼机加热至170-200℃后,将所述铁氧体粉末和所述粘结剂加入密炼机中,先于15-30rpm的转速下密炼30-60min;然后于30-50rpm的转速下密炼50-90min;密炼完成后取出造粒,得到铁氧体注射成型用的喂料。
本发明第三方面提供了一种铁氧体。
具体地,一种铁氧体,采用上述铁氧体注射成型用的喂料制得。
本发明第四方面提供了一种铁氧体的制备方法。
具体地,一种铁氧体的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将上述铁氧体注射成型用的喂料注射成型,采用草酸脱脂然后烧结,制得铁氧体。
优选地,在所述注射成型的过程中,射出的峰压为1500-2000kgf/c,保压压力为550-950kgf/c。
更为具体地,一种铁氧体的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将上述喂料于1500-2000kgf/c的射出的峰压,以及550-950kgf/的保压压力下注射成型后,将样品转移至烧结治具上,放入脱脂炉中进行脱脂,脱脂过程中草酸的进量为1-3g/min,炉腔的温度为120-140℃,脱脂20-40min后,将样品转移至烧结炉,从室温开始升温,在1200-1350℃下保温约8-12小时,制得铁氧体烧结产品。
相对于现有技术,本发明的有益效果如下:
(1)本发明提供的铁氧体注射成型用的喂料,包括铁氧体粉末和粘结剂。以高流动性聚甲醛、高流动性聚丙烯和乙撑双硬脂酰胺作为粘结剂的主要成分,并通过控制高流动性聚甲醛、高流动性聚丙烯的熔融指数,能够有效提高喂料的流动性和注射性能。其中,乙撑双硬脂酰胺有助于铁氧体粉末与粘结剂各组分的结合,提高喂料熔融指数。本发明提供的铁氧体注射成型用的喂料的熔融指数达到800-1000g/10min,注射时,射出峰压约1600-1900kgf/c,射速达到50-85mm/s。
(2)本发明提供的铁氧体注射成型用的喂料,不仅流动性好,方便注射;且该喂料可直接使用草酸脱脂,粘结剂易于去除,过程简单,利于大规模生产应用。
(3)本发明提供的铁氧体注射成型用的喂料,其铁氧体粉末易于烧结,制备的铁氧体的烧结密度高达4.87g/cm3,性能优异。
附图说明
图1为实施例2制备的铁氧体样品图。
具体实施方式
为了让本领域技术人员更加清楚明白本发明所述技术方案,现列举以下实施例进行说明。需要指出的是,以下实施例对本发明要求的保护范围不构成限制作用。
以下实施例或对比例中所用的高流动性聚甲醛的熔融指数为120-130g/10min,购买于旭化成公司;高流动性聚丙烯的熔融指数为230-280g/cm3,购买于中石化上海公司;普通聚甲醛的熔融指数为70-80g/10min,购买于旭化成公司;普通聚丙烯的熔融指数为30-40g/cm3,购买于台塑工业(宁波)有限公司。其余原料、试剂或装置如无特殊说明,均可从常规商业途径得到,或者可以通过现有已知方法得到。
实施例1
一种铁氧体注射成型用的喂料,制备喂料的原料包括8.4kg铁氧体粉末和粘结剂(高流动性聚甲醛1.184kg、高流动性聚丙烯0.192kg、硬脂酸0.032kg、乙撑双硬脂酰胺0.064kg和石蜡0.128kg)。
其中,在铁氧体粉末的主成分为53wt%Fe2O3、12wt%ZnO与35wt%Mn3O4,辅助成分占主成分的0.114wt%,具体为200ppm的CaCO3、600ppm的Bi2O3、40ppm的Nb2O5和300ppm的MoO3。
一种铁氧体注射成型用的喂料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)分别称量铁氧体粉末的主成分和辅助成分,将称量好的主要成分与水、磁性材料分散剂BWY-507按质量比49:49:2放入磨砂机中,在砂磨机中混合并研磨,设定转速为1000rpm,研磨30min,研磨完成后取出,得到初步产物;
(2)将初步产物转入马弗炉中,在850℃下烧结2h后取出降温,得到预烧产物;
(3)将预烧产物与已称量的辅助成分一同加入球磨机中,设定转速350rpm开始球磨,球磨时间为55min,球磨完成后得到料浆,料浆中颗粒平均粒度为1±0.1μm;将料浆烘干、破碎,得到铁氧体粉末;
(4)称量铁氧体粉末、高流动性聚甲醛、高流动性聚丙烯、硬脂酸、乙撑双硬脂酰胺和石蜡。将密炼机加热至190℃,把已称量好的各组分依次加入至密炼机中,设定转速为25rpm,密炼50min后再提高转速至35rpm,密炼60min。密炼结束后取出密炼机中的物料进行造粒,得到铁氧体注射成型用的喂料。
实施例2
一种铁氧体注射成型用的喂料,制备喂料的原料包括8.32kg铁氧体粉末和粘结剂(高流动性聚甲醛1.2432kg、高流动性聚丙烯0.2016kg、硬脂酸0.0336kg、乙撑双硬脂酰胺0.0672kg和石蜡0.1344kg)。
其中,在铁氧体粉末的主成分为53wt%Fe2O3、12wt%ZnO与35wt%Mn3O4,辅助成分占主成分的0.114wt%,具体为200ppm的CaCO3、600ppm的Bi2O3、40ppm的Nb2O5和300ppm的MoO3。
一种铁氧体注射成型用的喂料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)分别称量铁氧体粉末的主成分和辅助成分,将称量好的主要成分与水、磁性材料分散剂BWY-507按质量比49:49:2放入磨砂机中,在砂磨机中混合并研磨,设定转速为1000rpm,研磨30min,研磨完成后取出,得到初步产物;
(2)将初步产物转入马弗炉中,在850℃下烧结2h后取出降温,得到预烧产物;
(3)将预烧产物与已称量的辅助成分一同加入球磨机中,设定转速350rpm开始球磨,球磨时间为55min,球磨完成后得到料浆,料浆中颗粒平均粒度为1±0.1μm;将料浆烘干、破碎,得到铁氧体粉末;
(4)称量铁氧体粉末、高流动性聚甲醛、高流动性聚丙烯、硬脂酸、乙撑双硬脂酰胺和石蜡。将密炼机加热至190℃,把已称量好的各组分依次加入至密炼机中,设定转速为25rpm,密炼50min后再提高转速至35rpm,密炼60min。密炼结束后取出密炼机中的物料进行造粒,得到铁氧体注射成型用的喂料。
实施例3
一种铁氧体注射成型用的喂料,制备喂料的原料包括10.7kg铁氧体粉末和粘结剂(高流动性聚甲醛1.184kg、高流动性聚丙烯0.192kg、硬脂酸0.032kg、乙撑双硬脂酰胺0.064kg和石蜡0.128kg)。
其中,在铁氧体粉末的主成分为53wt%Fe2O3、12wt%ZnO与35wt%Mn3O4,辅助成分占主成分的0.114wt%,具体为200ppm的CaCO3、600ppm的Bi2O3、40ppm的Nb2O5和300ppm的MoO3。
一种铁氧体注射成型用的喂料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)分别称量铁氧体粉末的主成分和辅助成分,将称量好的主要成分与水、磁性材料分散剂BWY-507按质量比49:49:2放入磨砂机中,在砂磨机中混合并研磨,设定转速为1000rpm,研磨30min,研磨完成后取出,得到初步产物;
(2)将初步产物转入马弗炉中,在850℃下烧结2h后取出降温,得到预烧产物;
(3)将预烧产物与已称量的辅助成分一同加入球磨机中,设定转速350rpm开始球磨,球磨时间为55min,球磨完成后得到料浆,料浆中颗粒平均粒度为1±0.1μm;将料浆烘干、破碎,得到铁氧体粉末;
(4)称量铁氧体粉末、高流动性聚甲醛、高流动性聚丙烯、硬脂酸、乙撑双硬脂酰胺和石蜡。将密炼机加热至190℃,把已称量好的各组分依次加入至密炼机中,设定转速为25rpm,密炼50min后再提高转速至35rpm,密炼60min。密炼结束后取出密炼机中的物料进行造粒,得到铁氧体注射成型用的喂料。
对比例1
一种铁氧体注射成型用的喂料,制备喂料的原料包括8.4kg铁氧体粉末和粘结剂(普通聚甲醛1.184kg、普通聚丙烯0.256kg、硬脂酸0.032kg和石蜡0.128kg)。
其中,在铁氧体粉末的主成分为53wt%Fe2O3、12wt%ZnO与35wt%Mn3O4,辅助成分占主成分的0.114wt%,具体为200ppm的CaCO3、600ppm的Bi2O3、40ppm的Nb2O5和300ppm的MoO3。
一种铁氧体注射成型用的喂料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)分别称量铁氧体粉末的主成分和辅助成分,将称量好的主要成分与水、磁性材料分散剂BWY-507按质量比49:49:2放入磨砂机中,在砂磨机中混合并研磨,设定转速为1000rpm,研磨30min,研磨完成后取出,得到初步产物;
(2)将初步产物转入马弗炉中,在850℃下烧结2h后取出降温,得到预烧产物;
(3)将预烧产物与已称量的辅助成分一同加入球磨机中,设定转速350rpm开始球磨,球磨时间为55min,球磨完成后得到料浆,料浆中颗粒平均粒度为1±0.1μm;将料浆烘干、破碎,得到铁氧体粉末;
(4)称量铁氧体粉末、普通聚甲醛、普通聚丙烯、硬脂酸和石蜡。将密炼机加热至190℃,把已称量好的各组分依次加入至密炼机中,设定转速为25rpm,密炼50min后再提高转速至35rpm,密炼60min。密炼结束后取出密炼机中的物料进行造粒,得到铁氧体注射成型用的喂料。
对比例2
一种铁氧体注射成型用的喂料,制备喂料的原料包括8.4kg铁氧体粉末和粘结剂(普通聚甲醛1.184kg、普通聚丙烯0.192kg、硬脂酸0.032kg、乙撑双硬脂酰胺0.064kg和石蜡0.128kg)。
其中,在铁氧体粉末的主成分为53wt%Fe2O3、12wt%ZnO与35wt%Mn3O4,辅助成分占主成分的0.114wt%,具体为200ppm的CaCO3、600ppm的Bi2O3、40ppm的Nb2O5和300ppm的MoO3。
一种铁氧体注射成型用的喂料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)分别称量铁氧体粉末的主成分和辅助成分,将称量好的主要成分与水、磁性材料分散剂BWY-507按质量比49:49:2放入磨砂机中,在砂磨机中混合并研磨,设定转速为1000rpm,研磨30min,研磨完成后取出,得到初步产物;
(2)将初步产物转入马弗炉中,在850℃下烧结2h后取出降温,得到预烧产物;
(3)将预烧产物与已称量的辅助成分一同加入球磨机中,设定转速350rpm开始球磨,球磨时间为55min,球磨完成后得到料浆,料浆中颗粒平均粒度为1±0.1μm;将料浆烘干、破碎,得到铁氧体粉末;
(4)称量铁氧体粉末、普通聚甲醛、普通聚丙烯、硬脂酸、乙撑双硬脂酰胺和石蜡。将密炼机加热至190℃,把已称量好的各组分依次加入至密炼机中,设定转速为25rpm,密炼50min后再提高转速至35rpm,密炼60min。密炼结束后取出密炼机中的物料进行造粒,得到铁氧体注射成型用的喂料。
对比例3
一种铁氧体注射成型用的喂料,制备喂料的原料包括8.4kg铁氧体粉末和粘结剂(高流动性聚甲醛1.184kg、高流动性聚丙烯0.192kg、硬脂酸0.032kg、聚乙烯醇0.064kg和石蜡0.128kg)。
其中,在铁氧体粉末的主成分为53wt%Fe2O3、12wt%ZnO与35wt%Mn3O4,辅助成分占主成分的0.114wt%,具体为200ppm的CaCO3、600ppm的Bi2O3、40ppm的Nb2O5和300ppm的MoO3。
一种铁氧体注射成型用的喂料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)分别称量铁氧体粉末的主成分和辅助成分,将称量好的主要成分与水、磁性材料分散剂BWY-507按质量比49:49:2放入磨砂机中,在砂磨机中混合并研磨,设定转速为1000rpm,研磨30min,研磨完成后取出,得到初步产物;
(2)将初步产物转入马弗炉中,在850℃下烧结2h后取出降温,得到预烧产物;
(3)将预烧产物与已称量的辅助成分一同加入球磨机中,设定转速350rpm开始球磨,球磨时间为55min,球磨完成后得到料浆,料浆中颗粒平均粒度为1±0.1μm;将料浆烘干、破碎,得到铁氧体粉末;
(4)称量铁氧体粉末、高流动性聚甲醛、高流动性聚丙烯、硬脂酸、聚乙烯醇和石蜡。将密炼机加热至190℃,把已称量好的各组分依次加入至密炼机中,设定转速为25rpm,密炼50min后再提高转速至35rpm,密炼60min。密炼结束后取出密炼机中的物料进行造粒,得到铁氧体注射成型用的喂料。
产品效果测试
将实施例1-3与对比例1-3制备的喂料进行各项测试,测试项目包括喂料的熔融指数,注射参数(射出峰压、保压压力),以及喂料经注射成型、脱脂、烧结后制备的铁氧体的烧结密度。
其中铁氧体的制备方法如下:将实施例1-3与对比例3制备的喂料于1500-2000kgf/c的射出的峰压,以及550-950kgf/的保压压力下注射成型后,将样品转移至烧结治具上,放入脱脂炉中进行脱脂,脱脂过程中草酸的进量为2g/min,炉腔的温度为130℃,脱脂30min后,将样品转移至烧结炉,从室温开始升温,在1280℃下保温9小时,得到铁氧体样品。实施例2制备的铁氧体样品图如图1所示。对比例1、2因为喂料的熔融指数过低,难以注射,无法注射成型、烧结制备铁氧体。
测试结果如表1所示。
表1实施例与对比例测试结果表
分析表1的测试结果,比较实施例1、2可知,在粘结剂的组分相同的情况下,适当提高粘结剂的质量占比,能够提高喂料的熔融指数,降低射出峰压和保压压力。而比较实施例1和3可知,在粘结剂的组分相同的情况下,当粘结剂的占比低于15%时,其熔融指数下降,需要更高的射出峰压和保压压力。由此可见,控制粘结剂的质量占比对提高喂料的注射性能至关重要。对比实施例1与对比例1-2测试结果可知,当使用普通聚甲醛和普通聚丙烯时,喂料难以成型,熔融指数较低,喂料难以注射。对比例1、2的测试结果表明,由于添加了乙撑双硬脂酰胺分散剂,铁氧体粉末与粘结剂结合更好,喂料熔指会有所提高。分析对比例3可知,当将乙撑双硬脂酰胺分散剂替换为聚乙烯醇后,该喂料的流动性能下降明显,注射峰压提升,需要更高的注射参数,且烧结密度略有下降。
Claims (10)
1.一种铁氧体注射成型用的喂料,其特征在于,制备所述喂料的原料包括铁氧体粉末和粘结剂,所述粘结剂包括高流动性聚甲醛、高流动性聚丙烯和乙撑双硬脂酰胺;所述高流动性聚甲醛的熔融指数为120-130g/10min;所述高流动性聚丙烯的熔融指数为200-280g/10min。
2.根据权利要求1所述的喂料,其特征在于,所述粘结剂的质量占所述原料的总质量的10%-20%。
3.根据权利要求2所述的喂料,其特征在于,所述粘结剂的质量占所述原料的总质量的15%-18%。
4.根据权利要求3所述的喂料,其特征在于,所述粘结剂还包括表面活性剂和/或润滑剂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的喂料,其特征在于,所述铁氧体粉末包括主成分和辅助成分,按重量百分比计,所述主成分包括50wt%-53wt%Fe2O3、10wt%-12wt%ZnO和35wt%-40%Mn3O4。
6.根据权利要求5所述的喂料,其特征在于,所述铁氧体注射成型用的喂料的熔融指数为800-1000g/10min,射出峰压1500-2000kgf/c。
7.根据权利要求6所述的喂料,其特征在于,所述铁氧体注射成型用的喂料的熔融指数为800-1000g/10min,射出峰压1600-1800kgf/c。
8.权利要求1-7中任一项所述的铁氧体注射成型用的喂料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
将铁氧体粉末和粘结剂进行密炼,造粒,制得铁氧体注射成型用的喂料。
9.一种铁氧体,其特征在于,采用权利要求1-7中任一项所述的铁氧体注射成型用的喂料制得。
10.权利要求9所述的铁氧体的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:将权利要求1-7中任一项所述的铁氧体注射成型用的喂料注射成型,采用草酸脱脂然后烧结,制得铁氧体。
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