CN116103143A

CN116103143A - PCR base and PCR appearance

Info

Publication number: CN116103143A
Application number: CN202310151951.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 袁志强; 李莎莎; 严欢; 王红春; 汪建德
Original assignee: Shenzhen Jinrui Biotechnology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Jinrui Biotechnology Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-02-10
Filing date: 2023-02-10
Publication date: 2023-05-12

Abstract

The invention discloses a PCR (polymerase chain reaction) base and a PCR instrument, which comprise a shell, a radiator arranged in the shell, and an amplification heat conduction module arranged above the radiator, wherein the amplification heat conduction module passes through a pressing assembly above the shell and is in limit fit with the pressing assembly; the bottom of the amplification heat conduction module is contacted with a refrigerating sheet arranged on the surface of the radiator, the outer wall of the amplification heat conduction module is provided with a temperature monitoring module, an integrated control module is arranged above the pressing assembly, and the integrated control module is respectively and electrically connected with the temperature monitoring module and the refrigerating sheet. The invention can greatly reduce the size of the PCR base, has simpler structure, can effectively control the production cost, and has stronger practicability and expansibility and wide application range.

Description

PCR base and PCR appearance

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a PCR (polymerase chain reaction) base and a PCR instrument.

Background

The polymerase chain reaction (Po lymerase Chai n React ion, PCR) is the specific amplification of nucleic acids in vitro. For double-stranded nucleic acids, i.e. deoxyribonucleic acid (Deoxyr ibonuc l eic Acid, DNA), the PCR process consists of three steps, denaturation-annealing-extension, which rely specifically on oligonucleotide primers complementary to both ends of the target sequence, similar to the DNA replication process in vivo. The different reaction stages of PCR require different holding temperatures, DNA becomes single-stranded at 95 ℃, primers bind to the single-stranded according to the base complementary pairing principle at the melting temperature, and when the temperature is adjusted to about 72 ℃, the most suitable reaction temperature of DNA polymerase is reached, and the DNA polymerase catalyzes and synthesizes the complementary strand from the hydroxyl end to the phosphate group along the template according to the base complementary pairing principle. Therefore, in the PCR process, the temperature needs to be controlled rapidly and precisely.

The current PCR instrument comprises a heat cover part, a heat circulation part, a transmission part, a control part and a power supply part, and is large in size, especially a PCR base part, and consists of a plurality of components for heating, refrigerating, radiating and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a PCR base and a PCR instrument, which are used for solving the problems of large PCR size and the like, and the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a PCR base, comprising:

the heat conduction device comprises a shell, a radiator arranged in the shell, and an amplification heat conduction module arranged above the radiator, wherein the amplification heat conduction module penetrates through a pressing assembly above the shell and is in limit fit with the pressing assembly;

the bottom of the amplification heat conduction module is contacted with a refrigerating sheet arranged on the surface of the radiator, the outer wall of the amplification heat conduction module is provided with a temperature monitoring module, an integrated control module is arranged above the pressing assembly, and the integrated control module is respectively and electrically connected with the temperature monitoring module and the refrigerating sheet.

The PCR base, wherein, the pressfitting subassembly includes the semiconductor pressfitting board, the semiconductor pressfitting board with the refrigeration piece with the spacing cooperation of radiator.

The PCR base, wherein, the pressfitting subassembly still including set gradually in interior heat insulating board and the protection clamp plate of semiconductor pressfitting board top, the diaphragm of protection clamp plate with interior heat insulating board with the outer wall butt of expansion heat conduction module, the longitudinal plate of protection clamp plate with the radiator butt.

The PCR base, wherein, the pressfitting subassembly still include set up in the radiator with the heat insulating board between the integrated control module.

The PCR base comprises a plurality of cups used for placing PCR tubes, and the bottom of each cup is in contact with the refrigerating sheet.

The PCR base is characterized in that a bulge is arranged at the bottom of the cup body, and a mounting hole for mounting the temperature monitoring module is formed in the bulge.

The PCR base is characterized in that a wire guide hole for a wire to pass through is formed in the side wall of the cup body, an acute angle is formed between the direction of the wire guide hole and the transverse row or the longitudinal row of the cup body array, and the cup body array is an array formed by the cup bodies.

The PCR pedestal, wherein the temperature monitoring module includes a first temperature sensor in contact with a sidewall of the amplification thermal conduction module.

The PCR base comprises a cup body hole for penetrating through the cup body and a fitting part formed by extending the cup body hole into the hole;

the lateral wall of cup is equipped with the laminating position, laminating portion with the laminating of laminating position.

A PCR instrument, wherein the PCR instrument comprises any one of the PCR bases described above.

The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the invention provides a PCR base and a PCR instrument, wherein the PCR base comprises a shell, a radiator, an amplification heat conduction module, a pressing assembly, a temperature monitoring module and an integrated control module. The amplification heat conduction module is arranged above the radiator, but a refrigerating sheet is arranged between the amplification heat conduction module and the radiator, and heat generated by the refrigerating sheet can be dissipated through the radiator, so that the size of the PCR base is reduced, and the heat dissipation efficiency is improved. Further, the temperature monitoring modules can be respectively arranged on the side wall and the bottom of the amplification heat conduction module, so that the monitoring accuracy of the temperature is improved. The integrated control module is respectively and electrically connected with the temperature monitoring module and the refrigerating sheet, and the integrated control module realizes the integration of functions through a single control module, has simple circuit layout and can further reduce the size. Therefore, the invention provides the PCR base with small volume, and has higher heat dissipation efficiency and more accurate temperature control.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a PCR base according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view (without a fan) of the PCR base provided in the present invention along the x-axis direction.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view (without a fan) along the y-axis direction of the PCR base provided by the present invention.

Fig. 4 is an exploded view of a PCR base (with the fan and part of the housing omitted) provided by the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first temperature sensor in a PCR base according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a temperature monitoring unit in a PCR base according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a second perspective view of the PCR base provided by the present invention (omitting the guard platen, housing and fan).

Fig. 8 is a partial enlarged view of the area a in fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a bottom view of the PCR base and the PCR instrument provided by the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a standard chart of the dimensions of a PCR base provided by the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a standard chart of the dimensions of a PCR base provided by the present invention.

The meaning of the labels in the figures is:

100, a housing; 110, a vent; 200, radiating fins; 300, amplifying a heat conduction module; 310, cup body; 311, tapered inner wall; 312, a cylindrical outer wall; 313, bonding position; 314, mounting holes; 315, a cup base; 320, wire guides; 330, limiting the column; 400, pressing the assembly; 401 a semiconductor laminate; 402, inner insulation panels; 403, a protective platen; 404, outer insulation panels; 405, a first limiting hole; 406, screw holes; 510, a first temperature sensor; 511, a second limiting hole; 512, a bonding part; 513, cup holes; 600, an integrated control module; 700, refrigerating sheets; 800, a heat pipe; 900, fans.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a PCR base and a PCR instrument, which are used for making the purposes, technical schemes and effects of the invention clearer and more definite, and the invention is further described in detail below by referring to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

For example, the embodiment of the invention can be applied to the case of performing nucleic acid detection, for example, performing common PCR or fluorescent quantitative PCR, wherein a fluorescent detection module and a corresponding analysis module are added on a PCR cover.

It should be noted that the above application scenario is only shown for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and embodiments of the present invention are not limited in this respect. Rather, embodiments of the invention may be applied to any scenario where applicable.

The invention will be further described by the description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, for the explanation of the directions, applicable to all the drawings in the x-axis direction and the y-direction in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a PCR base including: and a housing 100, a heat sink provided in the housing 100, for dissipating heat generated from the PCR base. To improve the heat dissipation efficiency, the heat sink may employ the heat dissipation fins 200.

The amplification heat conduction module 300 is arranged above the radiator, the amplification heat conduction module 300 is used for amplifying products in the PCR tube, and the amplification heat conduction module 300 comprises a plurality of cups 310 used for placing the PCR tube. The cup 310 may work alone or may be mated with other components to form the amplification and thermal conduction module 300. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a plurality of cups 310 are connected by a cup base to form an amplification heat conduction unit, and the amplification heat conduction module 300 includes a plurality of amplification heat conduction units. Because the PCR amplification requires a temperature increase and decrease process, each cup 310 is in contact with a component that can be heated or cooled. In this embodiment, the component for heating or cooling is the cooling plate 700, and the bottom of the cup 310 contacts the cooling plate 700, and further, the contact may adopt a confidential bonding manner to improve heat conduction efficiency.

In order to stabilize the amplification heat conduction module 300, the pcr base further includes a pressing assembly 400 disposed above the housing 100, and the pressing assembly 400 can limit movement of the amplification heat conduction module 300, so as to prevent movement of the amplification heat conduction module 300 during amplification. The amplification heat conduction module 300 passes through the press-fit assembly 400 and is in limit fit with the press-fit assembly 400.

The PCR base further includes a cooling fin 700, where heating and cooling are performed in two different directions, and in order to achieve efficient heat raising and lowering and heat dissipation of the heat conduction amplification module 300, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the heat sink further includes heat pipes 800, taking the heat dissipation fin 200 as an example, the heat pipes 800 are embedded on the surface of the heat dissipation fin 200, and each heat pipe 800 may correspond to a single row or a single column of cups 310 in the cup array formed by the cups 310, in this embodiment, the heat pipes 800 are arranged along the y-axis direction. The top of the cooling fin 700 is tightly attached to the bottom of the amplification heat conduction module 300, and the temperature is transferred to the amplification heat conduction module 300 whether the temperature is raised or lowered. Meanwhile, the bottom of the cooling fin 700 is closely attached to the heat pipe 800 and the heat radiating fins 200, so that the heat radiating efficiency is enhanced, the heat pipe 800 adopts evaporation refrigeration, heat at the bottom of the cooling fin 700 is rapidly conducted to the radiator, and the heat radiating efficiency is improved. As shown in fig. 4, the cooling fin 700 adopts a rectangular sheet structure, the heat pipe 800 is disposed below the cooling fin 700, and a groove for nesting the heat pipe 800 and the cooling fin 700 can be provided above the heat dissipation fin 200, and the heat pipe 800 and the cooling fin 700 are embedded in the heat dissipation fin 200 based on the groove. The cooling fin 700 is electrically connected to the integrated control module 600, and when cooling or heating is required, the integrated control module 600 controls the cooling fin 700 to operate.

In the amplification heat conduction module 300, for accurate temperature control, the PCR base further includes a temperature monitoring module, which is disposed on an outer wall of the amplification heat conduction module 300. The outer wall of the amplification thermal conduction module 300 includes a sidewall and a bottom. The temperature control module may include a first temperature sensor 510 in contact with the side wall of the amplification thermal conduction module 300 and/or a second temperature sensor disposed at the bottom of the amplification thermal conduction module 300, or a single temperature sensor may monitor both the side wall and the bottom of the amplification thermal conduction module 300. The oversized temperature monitoring module will affect the overall PCR base size, and therefore, the first temperature sensor 510 in this embodiment employs a flexible temperature sensor. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the sidewall of the cup 310 is provided with a plane for fitting, i.e., a fitting position 313, and the first temperature sensor 510 includes a plurality of cup holes 513 for the cup 310 to pass through, and fitting portions 512 formed by extending the cup holes 513 into the holes. When assembled, the cup 310 passes through the cup hole 513, the attaching portion 512 is attached to the attaching portion 313 of the side wall of the cup 310, and when the temperature is raised and lowered, the temperature of the cup 310 is transmitted to the first temperature sensor 510 based on the attachment of the two. Both ends of the temperature monitoring module may be directly connected to corresponding interfaces of the integrated control module 600, and the integrated control module 600 communicates with and supplies power to the same. In addition, to monitor the operation of the heat sink, the temperature monitoring module may further include a sensor for monitoring the temperature of the heat sink, and a third temperature sensor is disposed on the surface of the heat sink and electrically connected to the integrated control module 600. Alternatively, the first temperature sensor 510 may be folded and attached to the surface of the heat sink fin to monitor the temperature of the heat sink fin.

The PCR base further includes an integrated control module 600, and the integrated control module 600 can control the operations of the cooling plate 700 and the temperature monitoring module, and further reduce the size of the PCR base through centralized processing. Because the PCR has many components and is tightly assembled, the area of the integrated control module 600 cannot be too small, and thus the integrated control module 600 is disposed above the pressing assembly 400 in this embodiment. As shown in fig. 4, the integrated control module 600 employs a PCB board disposed around the bonding assembly 400 and the amplification heat conduction module 300, so that components under the amplification heat conduction module 300 can be connected with the integrated control module 600 with shorter lines.

Further, the pressing assembly 400 includes a semiconductor pressing plate 401, and the semiconductor pressing plate 401 is in limit fit with the cooling plate 700 and the radiator respectively, so as to limit the movement of the cooling plate 700, and ensure that the cooling plate 700 can accurately cool the cup body 310. For example, in this embodiment, the semiconductor pressing plate 401 is provided with a screw hole 406 through which a screw passes, and the heat sink is provided with threads, and the semiconductor pressing plate 401 can be fixedly connected with the heat sink by the screw, so that the refrigerating plate 700 is limited. Meanwhile, the semiconductor pressing plate 401 can be made of heat-insulating materials and is arranged between the refrigerating sheet 700 and the temperature monitoring module, so that the temperature generated by the refrigerating sheet 700 is isolated from the temperature monitoring module, and the interference of the refrigerating sheet 700 to the temperature monitoring module is avoided. As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the side wall of the semiconductor laminate 401 may be provided with a passage through which a wire connecting the cooling fin 700 and the like passes to be electrically connected with the integrated control module 600. In addition, to stabilize the amplification heat conduction module 300, the semiconductor pressure plate 401 may also abut against the amplification heat conduction module 300. As shown in fig. 2, the longitudinal section of the amplification heat conduction module 300 is L-shaped, including a base and a cup 310 formed by extending the base upwards, the longitudinal section of the semiconductor pressing plate 401 is Γ -shaped, including a horizontal plate and a vertical plate formed by extending the horizontal plate downwards, the bottom of the horizontal plate is abutted with the surface of the base of the amplification heat conduction module 300, and the side wall of the horizontal plate is abutted with the side wall of the cup 310 in the amplification heat conduction module 300.

Further, the pressing assembly 400 further comprises an inner heat insulation plate 402 and a protective pressing plate 403 which are sequentially arranged above the semiconductor pressing plate 401, and the protective pressing plate 403 tightly wraps the whole temperature detection unit PCB, the heat conduction block, the semiconductor pressing plate and the heat insulation assembly, so that a protective and stable effect is achieved. For this purpose, the transverse plate of the protective pressing plate 403 is in contact with the inner heat insulation plate 402 and the outer wall of the expansion heat conduction module 300, and the longitudinal plate of the protective pressing plate 403 is in contact with the heat sink. In order to improve the heat preservation effect, the protective pressing plate 403 can also adopt heat insulation materials, so that the heat preservation and heat insulation effects of the temperature in the reaction process are improved. The inner heat insulation plate 402 is disposed between the protective pressing plate 403 and the semiconductor pressing plate 401, so as to further limit the outward diffusion of temperature and improve the heat insulation effect in the whole environment. To protect the integrated control module 600, the pressing assembly 400 further includes an outer heat insulation board 404, where the outer heat insulation board 404 is disposed between the integrated control module 600 and the heat sink, and the outer heat insulation board 404 plays a role of heat insulation.

From the whole, the whole PCR base only needs one power line to be connected with the outside, the internal temperature monitoring is concentrated on the temperature monitoring module, the temperature monitoring module is directly connected to the integrated control module 600, meanwhile, the semiconductor refrigerating sheet 700 is directly connected with the integrated control module 600, and the integrated control module 600 not only controls the work of the refrigerating sheet 700, but also supplies power to the refrigerating sheet 700, so that the integrated control module 600 can complete the work by only needing one line connected with an external power supply.

Further, in order to stably erect the PCR tube and the heat conduction efficiency, the cup body 310 in this embodiment includes a tapered inner wall 311 and a cylindrical outer wall 312, the tapered inner wall 311 can better adapt to the shape of the PCR tube, and the cylindrical outer wall 312 can conduct more heat to stabilize the temperature of the PCR tube. Meanwhile, in order to better limit the amplification heat conduction module 300, in this embodiment, the amplification heat conduction module 300 is provided with a limiting post 330, and a first limiting hole 405 in limiting fit with the limiting post 330 is also provided on the pressing assembly 400, and the two implement limiting fit through the limiting post 330 and the first limiting hole 405, for example, in this embodiment, the semiconductor pressing plate 401 and the inner heat insulation plate 402 are both provided with the first limiting hole 405. For height reasons, the uppermost protective pressing plate 403 of the pressing assembly 400 in this embodiment is not provided with the first limiting hole 405. In addition, when the first temperature sensor 510 adopts the temperature sensing PCB, the first temperature sensor 510 may also be provided with a second limiting hole 511, and the second limiting hole 511 and the limiting post 330 are also in a limiting fit.

In addition, the first temperature sensor 510 mainly monitors the temperature of the cup 310 from the outer wall of the cup 310, and in order to further accurately detect the temperature of the cup, the temperature monitoring module in this embodiment further includes a second temperature sensor disposed at the bottom of the cup 310. The bottom of the cup 310 is provided with a protrusion, in which a mounting hole 314 for mounting the second temperature sensor is provided, and the mounting hole 314 is provided with the second temperature sensor. The first temperature sensor 510 and the second temperature sensor are respectively and electrically connected with the integrated control module 600, on the one hand, the integrated control module 600 supplies power to the two, and on the other hand, receives temperature signals transmitted back by the two. The temperature value returned by the first temperature sensor 510 is named as a first temperature value, the temperature value returned by the second temperature sensor is named as a second temperature value, and the integrated control module 600 compares the first temperature value with the second temperature value after receiving the first temperature value and the second temperature value, and calculates the real temperature of the cup body based on a preset temperature algorithm to draw a dissolution curve. The second temperature sensor may be welded with the first temperature sensor 510 and then transmit the temperature value to the integrated control module 600 at the same time. The welding position can be selected from the edges of the second limiting posts 511. To reduce the space, the second temperature sensor uses a transmission line with thick and thin hair wires.

Further, a wire guide 320 may be provided at a sidewall of the cup 310 for installation of wires. If the installed wire is an optical fiber, the wire guide 320 may also be referred to as a fiber guide. In order to avoid the crossing and winding of wires and to save the length of wires, in this embodiment, as shown by the dotted line in fig. 6, the cups 310 are sequentially arranged to form an array, and the direction of the wire holes 320 forms an acute angle with the row or column of the array of cups 310.

As shown in fig. 9, the bottom of the housing 100 may further be provided with a fan 900 opposite to the heat dissipation fins 200, and the fan 900 is disposed at a side of the heat dissipation fins 200 away from the heat pipe 800. Taking the example that the heat pipe 800 is disposed above the heat dissipation fins 200, the fan 900 is disposed at the bottom of the housing 100 and blows air from bottom to top. Meanwhile, the side wall of the housing 100 may be provided with a vent hole 110, the vent hole 110 and the fan 900 constitute an air channel passing through the radiator, and when the fan 900 blows air, the air passes through the heat dissipation fins 200 from bottom to top, is turned from the heat dissipation fins 200, and is blown out through the vent hole 110.

With the above arrangement of the components, the PCR base in this embodiment has a smaller size than the PCR base in the market, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, including the fan 900, and the PCR base has a height of 100.5mm (excluding the fan and 74.5 mm), a width of 188.5mm (excluding the outer edge of the housing and 163.5 mm), and a length of 197.9mm, which is far smaller than the size of the PCR base in the market. Meanwhile, the heat dissipation efficiency of the PCR base and the accuracy of temperature control can be improved, and functions are not affected on the basis of reducing the body type.

Based on the PCR base, the invention also provides a PCR instrument, which comprises the PCR base and an upper cover matched with the PCR base. When the PCR tube containing the sample is placed on the PCR base, the upper cover and the PCR base are covered to perform amplification reaction. The PCR upper cover can be a common heat-preserving cover, and can also be provided with an optical element so as to collect and analyze the reaction fluorescence in the PCR tube.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A PCR base for placing PCR tubes, the PCR base comprising: the heat conduction device comprises a shell, a radiator arranged in the shell, and an amplification heat conduction module arranged above the radiator, wherein the amplification heat conduction module penetrates through a pressing assembly above the shell and is in limit fit with the pressing assembly;

2. The PCR pedestal of claim 1, wherein the compression assembly comprises a semiconductor compression plate in positive engagement with the cooling fin and the heat sink.

3. The PCR substrate of claim 2, wherein the bonding assembly further comprises an inner heat shield and a protective platen sequentially disposed above the semiconductor bonding plate, wherein a cross plate of the protective platen abuts the inner heat shield and an outer wall of the amplification heat conduction module, and wherein a longitudinal plate of the protective platen abuts the heat sink.

4. The PCR substrate of claim 2, wherein the compression assembly further comprises a thermal shield disposed between the heat sink and the integrated control module.

5. The PCR master of claim 1, wherein the amplification heat conduction module comprises a plurality of cups for placing PCR tubes, the bottom of each cup being in contact with the cooling plate.

6. The PCR master of claim 5, wherein the bottom of the cup has a protrusion with a mounting hole therein for mounting the temperature monitoring module.

7. The PCR master of claim 5, wherein the sidewall of the cup is provided with wire guides for wires to pass through, the wire guides being oriented at an acute angle to a row or column of an array of cups, wherein the array of cups is an array of cups.

8. The PCR pedestal of claim 5, wherein the temperature monitoring module comprises a first temperature sensor in contact with a sidewall of the amplification heat conduction module.

9. The PCR master of claim 8, wherein the first temperature sensor includes a cup hole for passing through the cup and a mating portion formed by extending the cup hole into the hole;

10. A PCR instrument comprising a PCR base according to any one of claims 1 to 9.