CN116098866A - 一种用于治疗关节痛的糖皮质激素脂肪乳、其制法及应用 - Google Patents
一种用于治疗关节痛的糖皮质激素脂肪乳、其制法及应用 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明具体涉及一种用于治疗关节痛的糖皮质激素脂肪乳、其制法及应用。以制备1L所述的糖皮质激素脂肪乳计,包括以下组分:复合乳化剂5‑33g、注射用油100‑300g、糖皮质激素0.5‑10g、等渗调节剂0‑50g、抗氧剂0‑0.2g、助乳化剂0‑0.3g、余量为注射用水;所述的复合乳化剂由a、b组分组成,其中,a)15‑羟基硬脂酸聚乙二醇酯、聚氧乙烯蓖麻油、聚氧乙烯氢化蓖麻油中的至少一种;b)卵磷脂、磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂酰甘油、油酸钠中的至少一种。所述的糖皮质激素脂肪乳显著延长了糖皮质激素在关节腔内的滞留时间,同时提高了镇痛效果,且工艺简单可行,可控性强,设备要求低、易于工业化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物制剂技术领域,具体涉及一种用于治疗关节痛的糖皮质激素脂肪乳、其制法及应用。
背景技术
骨关节炎(OA)是一种多因素引起的以关节疼痛为主要症状的衰老性疾病,致残率高,给国家和社会造成了沉重负担。镇痛是OA患者就诊的最主要诉求。糖皮质激素(glucocorticoid,GC)是一类药理作用多样的甾体类小分子药物,可通过抑制炎症反应而发挥镇痛作用,已被广泛用于OA镇痛;但GC存在镇痛效果维持时间较短、效果不够显著以及存在安全性隐患等亟待解决的重要问题。如临床使用的曲安奈德速释混悬注射剂,在骨关节炎患者的膝关节平均滞留时间为3.8天,关节腔注射频率较高。因此,降低GC给药频率,延长其骨关节炎镇痛效果,具有重要意义。
近年来,随着生物高分子聚合物材料在医药学领域的广泛应用,基于高分子聚合物的缓释微球逐渐成为新药物制剂的研究热点之一。目前,上市的高分子聚合物缓释微球主要是聚乳酸-羟基乙酸(PLGA)缓释微球。将GC(如曲安奈德、地塞米松、地塞米松棕榈酸酯等)包载在PLGA微球,将其进行关节腔注射后,可延长GC对OA的镇痛效果,但药物在关节腔中的滞留时间和镇痛时间与微球的粒径相关,当微球的粒径大于25μm时,有促进关节炎症发展的风险。另外,PLGA缓释微球的制备工艺复杂,末端灭菌困难,且降解过程中产生的乳酸和羟基乙酸可能造成关节腔内pH降低,从而促进炎症反应的发展。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术中存在的上述问题,提供一种用于治疗关节痛的糖皮质激素脂肪乳、其制法及应用。
本发明提供一种用于治疗关节痛的糖皮质激素脂肪乳,以制备1L所述用于治疗关节痛的糖皮质激素脂肪乳计,包括以下原料组分:复合乳化剂5-33g、注射用油100-300g、糖皮质激素0.5-10g、等渗调节剂0-50g、抗氧剂0-0.2g、助乳化剂0-0.3g、余量为注射用水;所述的复合乳化剂由a、b组分组成,其中,a)15-羟基硬脂酸聚乙二醇酯、聚氧乙烯蓖麻油、聚氧乙烯氢化蓖麻油中的至少一种;b)卵磷脂、磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂酰甘油、油酸钠中的至少一种。
优选的,所述复合乳化剂中,a)与b)的质量比为1-30:3-20。
优选的,所述糖皮质激素包括丙酸氯倍他索、醋酸双氟拉松、丙酸地塞米松、二氟泼尼酯、糠酸莫米松、戊酸双氟可龙、倍他米松丁酸丙酸酯、醋酸氟轻松、丙酸丁酸氢可的松、丙酸倍氯米松、丙酸地泼罗酮、戊酸倍他米松、戊酸地塞米松、泼尼松龙醋酸戊酸酯、氟轻松、丁酸氢化可的松、丁酸氯倍他松、丙酸阿氯米松、曲安奈德、醋酸曲安奈德、氟米松新戊酸酯、泼尼松龙、氢化可的松、地塞米松、醋酸地塞米松、地塞米松棕榈酸酯、曲安奈德棕榈酸酯中的一种或多种。进一步优选为地塞米松棕榈酸酯或曲安奈德。
优选的,所述的聚氧乙烯蓖麻油为聚氧乙烯35蓖麻油。
优选的,所述聚氧乙烯氢化蓖麻油为聚氧乙烯60氢化蓖麻油或聚氧乙烯40氢化蓖麻油;
优选的,所述注射用油选自大豆油、中链甘油三酯、鱼油或橄榄油;
优选的,所述等渗调节剂选自甘油、氯化钠、葡萄糖、木糖醇、甘露醇或硼酸,进一步优选为甘油、氯化钠、葡萄糖;
优选的,所述抗氧剂为α-生育酚,所述助乳化剂为油酸钠。
本发明前述糖皮质激素脂肪乳,添加了特定组成的复合乳化剂:1)关节腔滞留实验研究发现,采用单一的卵磷脂作为乳化剂制备的脂肪乳,在OA模型大鼠关节腔内的滞留约14天左右,添加15-羟基硬脂酸聚乙二醇酯、聚氧乙烯蓖麻油、聚氧乙烯氢化蓖麻油中的一种以后,在OA模型大鼠关节腔内的滞留至少可达28天;2)药效学实验研究发现,采用单一的卵磷脂作为乳化剂制备的脂肪乳,第35天的机械缩足阈值在45g左右,远低于采用复合乳化剂68g左右的机械缩足阈值(正常组为71g左右),第35天的双足负重差/造模后肢重量的比值在41%左右,也明显低于采用复合乳化剂47%左右的双足负重差/造模后肢重量的比值(正常组为50%左右)。以上结果证实了,与采用单一的卵磷脂作为乳化剂相比,采用复合乳化剂利于制备更具长效镇痛、且镇痛效果更好的糖皮质激素脂肪乳。
本发明前述糖皮质激素脂肪乳,其制备原料中采用的注射用油、等渗调节剂均可从常规原料中选择,如等渗调节剂可以是甘油、葡萄糖、氯化钠、木糖醇、甘露醇、硼酸等,前述优选组分具有原料来源广泛、成本低廉的特点。另外,抗氧剂和助乳化剂可分别从提高油脂抗氧化和界面膜稳定性方面进一步提高制剂稳定性。
本发明前述糖皮质激素脂肪乳的制备方法,包括如下步骤:(S11)将注射用油加热至60℃,然后加入复合乳化剂和糖皮质激素,高速搅拌,得油相;(S12)将等渗调节剂和注射用水混合并加热至60℃,得水相;(S13)将油相和水相混合,先高速搅拌成初乳,然后将初乳高压乳匀;(S14)调pH、灭菌,即得;
或者,包括如下步骤:(S21)将注射用油加热至60℃,然后加入抗氧剂、复合乳化剂和糖皮质激素,高速搅拌,得油相;(S22)将助乳化剂、等渗调节剂和注射用水混合并加热至60℃,得水相;(S23)将油相和水相混合,先高速搅拌成初乳,然后将初乳高压乳匀;(S24)调pH、灭菌,即得。
优选的,步骤(S11)、(S21)中,所述高速搅拌的速度均为5000r/min;
优选的,步骤(S13)、(S23)中,所述高速搅拌的速度均为10000r/min,时间为5min;
优选的,步骤(S13)、(S23)中,所述高压乳匀均为在800bar的压强下,高压乳匀8次;
优选的,步骤(S14)、(S24)中,所述调pH均为调节pH值为6.5;
优选的,步骤(S14)、(S24)中,所述灭菌均为115℃热压灭菌30min。
本发明前述糖皮质激素脂肪乳的制备方法,先将油溶性组分和水溶性组分分别混合制备油相和水相,然后将油相和水相混合后高速搅拌后高压乳匀即得,所述制备方法得到的脂肪乳平均粒径在100-300nm,质量稳定,安全性高,且工艺简单可行,可控性强,设备要求低,易于工业化生产。
本发明前述糖皮质激素脂肪乳的基础上,可进一步通过常规冷冻干燥的方法制备成为冻干粉针剂。
本发明前述糖皮质激素脂肪乳,将其制成制备治疗关节痛的药物,可有效解决现有的糖皮质激素药物镇痛作用持续时间短,或高分子材料缓释制剂制备工艺复杂且材料降解存在安全性隐患问题。
本发明的有益效果为:
本发明提供的脂肪乳,其制备原料添加了特定组成的复合乳化剂,即15-羟基硬脂酸聚乙二醇酯、聚氧乙烯蓖麻油、聚氧乙烯氢化蓖麻油中的至少一种与卵磷脂组成,通过将该乳化剂与注射用油、糖皮质激素、等渗调节剂及注射用水为原料制备的糖皮质激素脂肪乳,显著延长了糖皮质激素在关节腔内的滞留时间,同时提高了镇痛效果。本发明脂肪乳平均粒径在100-300nm,且工艺简单可行,可控性强,设备要求低,易于工业化生产。
附图说明
图1A:细胞编码TNF-α基因的mRNA的相对表达量;
图1B:细胞编码IL-1β基因的mRNA的相对表达量;
图1C:细胞编码IL-6基因的mRNA的相对表达量;
图1D:细胞编码IL-4基因的mRNA的相对表达量;
图1E:细胞编码IL-10基因的mRNA的相对表达量;
图1F:细胞编码iNOS基因的mRNA的相对表达量;
图2:各组样品关节内分布实验结果(n=3);
图3A:OA模型大鼠右后肢机械缩足阈值变化图(n=7);
图3B:OA模型大鼠双足负重差/造模后肢重量的比值变化图(n=7)。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将对本发明的技术方案进行详细的描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所得到的所有其它实施方式,都属于本发明所保护的范围。
实施例1
制备1L地塞米松棕榈酸酯脂肪乳,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取大豆油200g置于烧杯中,加热至60℃,将10g卵磷脂、5g 15-羟基硬脂酸聚乙二醇酯(HS15)和4g地塞米松棕榈酸酯加入大豆油中,5000r/min高速搅拌,得油相;
(2)22.5g甘油加入注射用水中,加热至60℃溶解,得水相;
(3)将水相和油相同时加入搅拌器中,10000r/min搅拌5min,搅拌成初乳,将初乳高压乳匀(800bar,8次);
(4)用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至6.5,分装,115℃热压灭菌30min,即得。
实施例2
制备1L地塞米松棕榈酸酯脂肪乳,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取大豆油100g置于烧杯中,加热至60℃,将10g卵磷脂、2g HS15和3g地塞米松棕榈酸酯加入大豆油中,5000r/min高速搅拌,得油相;
(2)22.5g甘油加入注射用水中,加热至60℃溶解,得水相;
(3)将水相和油相同时加入搅拌器中,10000r/min搅拌5min,搅拌成初乳,将初乳高压乳匀(800bar,8次);
(4)用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至6.5,分装,115℃热压灭菌30min,即得。
实施例3
制备1L地塞米松棕榈酸酯脂肪乳,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取大豆油300g置于烧杯中,加热至60℃,将10g卵磷脂、2g HS15和3g地塞米松棕榈酸酯加入大豆油中,5000r/min高速搅拌,得油相;
(2)22.5g甘油加入注射用水中,加热至60℃溶解,得水相;
(3)将水相和油相同时加入搅拌器中,10000r/min搅拌5min,搅拌成初乳,将初乳高压乳匀(800bar,8次);
(4)用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至6.5,分装,115℃热压灭菌30min,即得。
实施例4
制备1L地塞米松棕榈酸酯脂肪乳,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取大豆油200g置于烧杯中,加热至60℃,将10g卵磷脂、3.5g聚氧乙烯60氢化蓖麻油(HEL-60)和4g地塞米松棕榈酸酯加入大豆油中,5000r/min高速搅拌,得油相;
(2)22.5g甘油加入注射用水中,加热至60℃溶解,得水相;
(3)将水相和油相同时加入搅拌器中,10000r/min搅拌5min,搅拌成初乳,将初乳高压乳匀(800bar,8次);
(4)用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至6.5,分装,115℃热压灭菌30min,即得。
实施例5
制备1L地塞米松棕榈酸酯脂肪乳,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取大豆油200g置于烧杯中,加热至60℃,将20g卵磷脂、10g聚氧乙烯40氢化蓖麻油(HEL-40)和3g地塞米松棕榈酸酯加入大豆油中,5000r/min高速搅拌,得油相;
(2)22.5g甘油加入注射用水中,加热至60℃溶解,得水相;
(3)将水相和油相同时加入搅拌器中,10000r/min搅拌5min,搅拌成初乳,将初乳高压乳匀(800bar,8次);
(4)用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至6.5,分装,115℃热压灭菌30min,即得。
实施例6
制备1L地塞米松棕榈酸酯脂肪乳,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取大豆油200g置于烧杯中,加热至60℃,将15g卵磷脂、6g聚氧乙烯40氢化蓖麻油(HEL-40)、4g HS15和3g地塞米松棕榈酸酯加入大豆油中,5000r/min高速搅拌,得油相;
(2)22.5g甘油加入注射用水中,加热至60℃溶解,得水相;
(3)将水相和油相同时加入搅拌器中,10000r/min搅拌5min,搅拌成初乳,将初乳高压乳匀(800bar,8次);
(4)用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至6.5,分装,115℃热压灭菌30min,即得。
实施例7
制备1L地塞米松棕榈酸酯脂肪乳,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取大豆油200g置于烧杯中,加热至60℃,将20g卵磷脂、6g聚氧乙烯40氢化蓖麻油(HEL-40)、4g HS15和10g地塞米松棕榈酸酯加入大豆油中,5000r/min高速搅拌,得油相;
(2)22.5g甘油加入注射用水中,加热至60℃溶解,得水相;
(3)将水相和油相同时加入搅拌器中,10000r/min搅拌5min,搅拌成初乳,将初乳高压乳匀(800bar,8次);
(4)用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至6.5,分装,115℃热压灭菌30min,即得。
实施例8
制备1L地塞米松棕榈酸酯脂肪乳,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取大豆油200g置于烧杯中,加热至60℃,将6g卵磷脂、4g HS15和2g地塞米松棕榈酸酯加入大豆油中,5000r/min高速搅拌,得油相;
(2)22.5g甘油加入注射用水中,加热至60℃溶解,得水相;
(3)将水相和油相同时加入搅拌器中,10000r/min搅拌5min,搅拌成初乳,将初乳高压乳匀(800bar,8次);
(4)用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至6.5,分装,115℃热压灭菌30min,即得。
实施例9
制备1L地塞米松棕榈酸酯脂肪乳,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取大豆油150g和中链甘油三酯150g于烧杯中,用搅拌混合均匀,加热至60℃,加入6g卵磷脂、6g HS15和4g地塞米松棕榈酸酯,5000r/min高速搅拌,得油相;
(2)22.5g甘油加入注射用水中,加热至60℃溶解,得水相;
(3)将水相和油相同时加入搅拌器中,10000r/min搅拌5min,搅拌成初乳,将初乳高压乳匀(800bar,8次);
(4)用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至6.5,分装,115℃热压灭菌30min,即得。
实施例10
制备1L地塞米松棕榈酸酯脂肪乳,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取大豆油125g和中链甘油三酯75g于烧杯中,用搅拌混合均匀,加热至60℃,加入8g卵磷脂、6g HS15和4g地塞米松棕榈酸酯,5000r/min高速搅拌,得油相;
(2)22.5g甘油加入注射用水中,加热至60℃溶解,得水相;
(3)将水相和油相同时加入搅拌器中,10000r/min搅拌5min,搅拌成初乳,将初乳高压乳匀(800bar,8次);
(4)用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至6.5,分装,115℃热压灭菌30min,即得。
实施例11
制备1L地塞米松棕榈酸酯脂肪乳,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取大豆油60g、中链甘油三酯60g、鱼油30g、橄榄油50g于烧杯中,用搅拌混合均匀,加热至60℃,加入0.135gα-生育酚、12g卵磷脂、6g HS15和5g地塞米松棕榈酸酯,5000r/min高速搅拌至完全溶解,得油相;
(2)取0.3g油酸钠、25g甘油加入注射用水中,加热至60℃溶解,得水相;
(3)将水相和油相同时加入搅拌器中,10000r/min搅拌5min,搅拌成初乳,将初乳高压乳匀(800bar,8次);
(4)用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至6.5,分装,115℃热压灭菌30min,即得。
实施例12
制备1L地塞米松棕榈酸酯脂肪乳,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取大豆油90g、中链甘油三酯90g、鱼油45g、橄榄油75g于烧杯中,用搅拌混合均匀,加热至60℃,加入0.2gα-生育酚、10g卵磷脂、6gHS15、4g聚氧乙烯60氢化蓖麻油(HEL-60)和3g地塞米松棕榈酸酯,5000r/min高速搅拌至完全溶解,得油相;
(2)取0.3g油酸钠、25g甘油加入注射用水中,加热至60℃溶解,得水相;
(3)将水相和油相同时加入搅拌器中,10000r/min搅拌5min,搅拌成初乳,将初乳高压乳匀(800bar,8次);
(4)用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至6.5,分装,115℃热压灭菌30min,即得。
实施例13
制备1L地塞米松棕榈酸酯脂肪乳,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取大豆油90g、中链甘油三酯90g、鱼油45g、橄榄油75g于烧杯中,用搅拌混合均匀,加热至60℃,加入0.135gα-生育酚、10g卵磷脂、10g聚氧乙烯35蓖麻油(EL-35)和3g地塞米松棕榈酸酯,5000r/min高速搅拌至完全溶解,得油相;
(2)取0.3g油酸钠、25g甘油加入注射用水中,加热至60℃溶解,得水相;
(3)将水相和油相同时加入搅拌器中,10000r/min搅拌5min,搅拌成初乳,将初乳高压乳匀(800bar,8次);
(4)用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至6.5,分装,115℃热压灭菌30min,即得。
实施例14
制备1L曲安奈德脂肪乳,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取大豆油300g置于烧杯中,加热至60℃,将12g卵磷脂、8g聚氧乙烯35蓖麻油(EL-35)、5g HS15和3g曲安奈德加入大豆油中,5000r/min高速搅拌,得油相;
(2)22.5g甘油加入注射用水中,加热至60℃溶解,得水相;
(3)将水相和油相同时加入搅拌器中,10000r/min搅拌5min,搅拌成初乳,将初乳高压乳匀(800bar,8次);
(4)用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至6.5,分装,115℃热压灭菌30min,即得。
实施例15
制备1L醋酸曲安奈德脂肪乳,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取大豆油300g置于烧杯中,加热至60℃,将12g卵磷脂、8g聚氧乙烯35蓖麻油(EL-35)、5g HS15和3g醋酸曲安奈德加入大豆油中,5000r/min高速搅拌,得油相;
(2)22.5g甘油加入注射用水中,加热至60℃溶解,得水相;
(3)将水相和油相同时加入搅拌器中,10000r/min搅拌5min,搅拌成初乳,将初乳高压乳匀(800bar,8次);
(4)用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至6.5,分装,115℃热压灭菌30min,即得。
实施例16
制备1L地塞米松棕榈酸酯脂肪乳,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取大豆油300g置于烧杯中,加热至60℃,将10g磷脂酰胆碱、6g磷脂酰甘油、8g聚氧乙烯35蓖麻油(EL-35)、5g HS15和3g地塞米松棕榈酸酯加入大豆油中,5000r/min高速搅拌,得油相;
(2)22.5g甘油加入注射用水中,加热至60℃溶解,得水相;
(3)将水相和油相同时加入搅拌器中,10000r/min搅拌5min,搅拌成初乳,将初乳高压乳匀(800bar,8次);
(4)用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至6.5,分装,115℃热压灭菌30min,即得。
实施例17
制备1L地塞米松棕榈酸酯脂肪乳,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取大豆油300g置于烧杯中,加热至60℃,将3g卵磷脂、8g聚氧乙烯35蓖麻油(EL-35)、22g HS15和3g地塞米松棕榈酸酯加入大豆油中,5000r/min高速搅拌,得油相;
(2)22.5g甘油加入注射用水中,加热至60℃溶解,得水相;
(3)将水相和油相同时加入搅拌器中,10000r/min搅拌5min,搅拌成初乳,将初乳高压乳匀(800bar,8次);
(4)用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至6.5,分装,115℃热压灭菌30min,即得。
实施例18
制备1L地塞米松棕榈酸酯脂肪乳,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取大豆油100g置于烧杯中,加热至60℃,将3g卵磷脂、2g HS15和0.5g地塞米松棕榈酸酯加入大豆油中,5000r/min高速搅拌,得油相;
(2)22.5g甘油加入注射用水中,加热至60℃溶解,得水相;
(3)将水相和油相同时加入搅拌器中,10000r/min搅拌5min,搅拌成初乳,将初乳高压乳匀(800bar,8次);
(4)用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至6.5,分装,115℃热压灭菌30min,即得。
实施例19
制备1L地塞米松棕榈酸酯脂肪乳,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取大豆油150g置于烧杯中,加热至60℃,将15g卵磷脂1g HS15和3g地塞米松棕榈酸酯加入大豆油中,5000r/min高速搅拌,得油相;
(2)22.5g甘油加入注射用水中,加热至60℃溶解,得水相;
(3)将水相和油相同时加入搅拌器中,10000r/min搅拌5min,搅拌成初乳,将初乳高压乳匀(800bar,8次);
(4)用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至6.5,分装,115℃热压灭菌30min,即得。
实施例20
制备1L地塞米松棕榈酸酯脂肪乳,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取大豆油125g和中链甘油三酯75g于烧杯中,用搅拌混合均匀,加热至60℃,加入8g卵磷脂、6g HS15和4g地塞米松棕榈酸酯,5000r/min高速搅拌,得油相;
(2)50g葡萄糖加入注射用水中,加热至60℃溶解,得水相;
(3)将水相和油相同时加入搅拌器中,10000r/min搅拌5min,搅拌成初乳,将初乳高压乳匀(800bar,8次);
(4)用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至6.5,分装,115℃热压灭菌30min,即得。
实施例21
制备1L地塞米松棕榈酸酯脂肪乳,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取大豆油125g和中链甘油三酯75g于烧杯中,用搅拌混合均匀,加热至60℃,加入8g卵磷脂、6g HS15和4g地塞米松棕榈酸酯,5000r/min高速搅拌,得油相;
(2)9g氯化钠加入注射用水中,加热至60℃溶解,得水相;
(3)将水相和油相同时加入搅拌器中,10000r/min搅拌5min,搅拌成初乳,将初乳高压乳匀(800bar,8次);
(4)用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至6.5,分装,115℃热压灭菌30min,即得。
实施例22
制备1L地塞米松棕榈酸酯脂肪乳,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取大豆油200g置于烧杯中,加热至60℃,将10g卵磷脂、3g 15-羟基硬脂酸聚乙二醇酯(HS15)和2g地塞米松棕榈酸酯加入大豆油中,5000r/min高速搅拌,得油相;
(2)注射用水加热至60℃,得水相;
(3)将水相和油相同时加入搅拌器中,10000r/min搅拌5min,搅拌成初乳,将初乳高压乳匀(800bar,8次);
(4)用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至6.5,分装,115℃热压灭菌30min,即得。
实施例23
制备1L地塞米松棕榈酸酯脂肪乳,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取大豆油100g置于烧杯中,加热至60℃,将6g卵磷脂、2g HS15和3g地塞米松棕榈酸酯加入大豆油中,5000r/min高速搅拌,得油相;
(2)注射用水加热至60℃,得水相;
(3)将水相和油相同时加入搅拌器中,10000r/min搅拌5min,搅拌成初乳,将初乳高压乳匀(800bar,8次);
(4)用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至6.5,分装,115℃热压灭菌30min,即得。
实施例24
制备1L地塞米松棕榈酸酯脂肪乳,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取大豆油300g置于烧杯中,加热至60℃,将12g卵磷脂、3g HS15和3g地塞米松棕榈酸酯加入大豆油中,5000r/min高速搅拌,得油相;
(2)注射用水加热至60℃,得水相;
(3)将水相和油相同时加入搅拌器中,10000r/min搅拌5min,搅拌成初乳,将初乳高压乳匀(800bar,8次);
(4)用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至6.5,分装,115℃热压灭菌30min,即得。
实施例25~48
本发明冻干粉针剂的制备,取实施例1~24实施例制备的脂肪乳,经冷冻干燥,即得冻干粉针剂。
对比例1
制备1L地塞米松棕榈酸酯脂肪乳,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取大豆油200g置于烧杯中,加热至60℃,将10g卵磷脂和4g地塞米松棕榈酸酯加入大豆油中,5000r/min高速搅拌,得油相;
(2)22.5g甘油加入注射用水中,加热至60℃溶解,得水相;
(3)将水相和油相同时加入搅拌器中,10000r/min搅拌5min,搅拌成初乳,将初乳高压乳匀(800bar,8次);
(4)用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至6.5,分装,115℃热压灭菌30min,即得。
实验例1体外生物学活性考察
将小鼠源巨噬细胞RAW264.7接种在12孔细胞培养板中,待其贴壁后,以脂多糖刺激24h,将培养基更换为含药培养基,分别为地塞米松棕榈酸酯溶液(记为溶液组)和实施例1的地塞米松棕榈酸酯脂肪乳(记为脂肪乳1组,地塞米松棕榈酸酯的浓度为5μg/mL,不加药的培养基处理作为对照),孵育24h后,使用实时荧光定量PCR法测定其中IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10、IL-4以及iNOS的浓度。未经脂多糖处理的细胞和经脂多糖处理但未经地塞米松棕榈酸酯处理的细胞分别记为“对照组”和“脂多糖组”。结果见图1A-图1F(*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001)。
由图1A-图1F可知,相对于其他处理方法,地塞米松棕榈酸酯脂肪乳处理可以显著降低巨噬细胞炎症因子基因的表达。
实验例2关节腔滞留实验
对SD大鼠膝关节的关节腔注射碘乙酸钠构建OA大鼠模型,待大鼠膝关节出现肿胀,痛阈显著降低,即得OA大鼠模型。将糖皮质激素用荧光标记物DiD代替,按照实施例1、实施例4、实施例13、实施例17、实施例18和实施例19制备脂肪乳,分别记为脂肪乳1、脂肪乳4、脂肪乳13、脂肪乳17、脂肪乳18和脂肪乳19;另外按照对比例1制备的脂肪乳,记为对照脂肪乳。将DiD溶液、脂肪乳1、脂肪乳4、脂肪乳13、脂肪乳17、脂肪乳18、脂肪乳19以及对照脂肪乳分别注射至OA大鼠膝关节腔内(每个关节腔内DiD的剂量为5μg),分别记为DiD溶液组、脂肪乳1组、脂肪乳4组、脂肪乳13组、脂肪乳17、脂肪乳18、脂肪乳19和对照脂肪乳组,于第0d、1d、2d、3d、7d、14d、21d及28d通过小动物活体成像仪考察大鼠炎性关节处的荧光强度。结果见图2。
由图2可知,相对于DiD溶液和对照脂肪乳,含有HS15或聚氧乙烯氢化蓖麻油或聚氧乙烯蓖麻油的脂肪乳可以在OA模型大鼠关节腔内的滞留至少可达28天。这些结果表明,本发明的脂肪乳在炎性关节腔内具有良好的缓释性。
实验例3药效学实验
对SD大鼠膝关节的关节腔注射碘乙酸钠构建OA大鼠模型,待大鼠膝关节出现肿胀,痛阈显著降低,即得OA大鼠模型。通过关节腔注射方式,对OA模型大鼠分别使用生理盐水以及由对比例1、实施例1和实施例4制得载地塞米松棕榈酸酯脂肪乳进行治疗,分别记为生理盐水组、对照脂肪乳组、脂肪乳1组和脂肪乳4组;另外,在正常大鼠膝关节腔内注射等体积的生理盐水作为正常组。地塞米松棕榈酸酯的给药剂量为每个膝关节60μg,于造模后第7天给药,共给药1次。从给药第一天起,每周测量一次各组大鼠的机械缩足阈值及双足负重差值。结果见图3A、3B。
由3A、3B可知,相对于其他方式来说,本发明的糖皮质激素脂肪乳治疗可以更有效的缓解OA大鼠的关节炎症和疼痛。也就是说,本发明制备得到的脂肪乳在制备用于骨关节炎关节镇痛的药物方面具有很好的应用前景。
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。
Claims (9)
1.一种用于治疗关节痛的糖皮质激素脂肪乳,其特征在于,以制备1L所述的糖皮质激素脂肪乳计,包括以下原料组分:
复合乳化剂5-33g、注射用油100-300g、糖皮质激素0.5-10g、等渗调节剂0-50g、抗氧剂0-0.2g、助乳化剂0-0.3g、余量为注射用水;
所述的复合乳化剂由a、b组分组成,其中,a)15-羟基硬脂酸聚乙二醇酯、聚氧乙烯蓖麻油、聚氧乙烯氢化蓖麻油中的至少一种;b)卵磷脂、磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂酰甘油、油酸钠中的至少一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于治疗关节痛的糖皮质激素脂肪乳,其特征在于,所述的复合乳化剂中,a)与b)的质量比为1-30:3-20。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于治疗关节痛的糖皮质激素脂肪乳,其特征在于,所述糖皮质激素包括丙酸氯倍他索、醋酸双氟拉松、丙酸地塞米松、二氟泼尼酯、糠酸莫米松、戊酸双氟可龙、倍他米松丁酸丙酸酯、醋酸氟轻松、丙酸丁酸氢可的松、丙酸倍氯米松、丙酸地泼罗酮、戊酸倍他米松、戊酸地塞米松、泼尼松龙醋酸戊酸酯、氟轻松、丁酸氢化可的松、丁酸氯倍他松、丙酸阿氯米松、曲安奈德、醋酸曲安奈德、氟米松新戊酸酯、泼尼松龙、氢化可的松、地塞米松、醋酸地塞米松、地塞米松棕榈酸酯、曲安奈德棕榈酸酯中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于治疗关节痛的糖皮质激素脂肪乳,其特征在于,所述的聚氧乙烯蓖麻油为聚氧乙烯35蓖麻油;和/或,所述的聚氧乙烯氢化蓖麻油为聚氧乙烯60氢化蓖麻油或聚氧乙烯40氢化蓖麻油;和/或,所述的注射用油选自大豆油、中链甘油三酯、鱼油或橄榄油;和/或,所述的等渗调节剂选自甘油、氯化钠、葡萄糖、木糖醇、甘露醇或硼酸;和/或,所述的糖皮质激素为地塞米松棕榈酸酯或曲安奈德;和/或,所述的抗氧剂为α-生育酚,所述的助乳化剂为油酸钠。
5.权利要求1-4之一所述的用于治疗关节痛的糖皮质激素脂肪乳的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(S11)将注射用油加热至60℃,然后加入复合乳化剂和糖皮质激素,高速搅拌,得油相;
(S12)将等渗调节剂和注射用水混合并加热至60℃,得水相;
(S13)将油相和水相混合,先高速搅拌成初乳,然后将初乳高压乳匀;
(S14)调pH、灭菌,即得;
或着,(S21)将注射用油加热至60℃,然后加入抗氧剂、复合乳化剂和糖皮质激素,高速搅拌,得油相;
(S22)将助乳化剂、等渗调节剂和注射用水混合并加热至60℃,得水相;
(S23)将油相和水相混合,先高速搅拌成初乳,然后将初乳高压乳匀;
(S24)调pH、灭菌,即得。
6.根据权利要求5所述的用于治疗关节痛的糖皮质激素脂肪乳的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(S11)中,所述的高速搅拌的速度为5000r/min;和/或,步骤(S13)中,所述的高速搅拌的速度为10000r/min,时间为5min;和/或,步骤(S13)中,所述的高压乳匀为在800bar的压强下,高压乳匀8次;和/或,步骤(S14)中,所述的调pH为调节pH值为6.5;和/或,步骤(S14)中,所述的灭菌为115℃热压灭菌30min。
7.根据权利要求5所述的用于治疗关节痛的糖皮质激素脂肪乳的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(S21)中,所述的高速搅拌的速度为5000r/min;和/或,步骤(S23)中,所述的高速搅拌的速度为10000r/min,时间为5min;和/或,步骤(S23)中,所述的高压乳匀为在800bar的压强下,高压乳匀8次;和/或,步骤(S24)中,所述的调pH为调节pH值为6.5;和/或,步骤(S24)中,所述的灭菌为115℃热压灭菌30min。
8.一种用于治疗关节痛的糖皮质激素脂肪乳冻干粉针剂,其特征在于:它是由权利要求1-4任一项所述的治疗关节痛的糖皮质激素脂肪乳冷冻干燥制备而成。
9.权利要求1-4之一所述的用于治疗关节痛的糖皮质激素脂肪乳在制备治疗关节痛的药物中的应用。
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