CN116083261A - Preparation and application of special carbon-based microbial fertilizer for apple cultivation - Google Patents
Preparation and application of special carbon-based microbial fertilizer for apple cultivation Download PDFInfo
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- CN116083261A CN116083261A CN202111310010.1A CN202111310010A CN116083261A CN 116083261 A CN116083261 A CN 116083261A CN 202111310010 A CN202111310010 A CN 202111310010A CN 116083261 A CN116083261 A CN 116083261A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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- C12N11/00—Carrier-bound or immobilised enzymes; Carrier-bound or immobilised microbial cells; Preparation thereof
- C12N11/14—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an inorganic carrier
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation and application of a special carbon-based microbial fertilizer for apple cultivation, which can improve Vc content of fruits. The special carbon-based microbial organic fertilizer for apples is prepared by taking apple branch waste biomass as a raw material, and under the condition of anaerobic or limited oxygen supply, carrying out thermal cracking at 400-700 ℃ to obtain a stable solid product as a basis, so that harmful microorganisms and crop pathogenic bacteria are eliminated, and meanwhile, organic nutrients are reserved; and beneficial microorganisms with the functions of phosphate dissolving, potassium dissolving, nitrogen fixing, plant growth promoting, root fungal disease preventing and controlling, soil physicochemical property improving, soil organic matter increasing and soil fertility improving are loaded; the method improves the soil microenvironment, promotes the propagation of beneficial microorganisms, reduces soil-borne diseases and prevents and treats the root rot of the orchard, thereby achieving the purposes of promoting the growth and development of fruit trees, improving the fruit yield, improving the Vc content and quality of fruits, reducing the fertilizer usage amount of the orchard, reducing the diseases of the orchard and reducing the pesticide application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biology, and particularly relates to preparation of biomass charcoal and charcoal-based microbial compound fertilizer thereof and application of the biomass charcoal in apple cultivation, wherein 2 strains of bacillus with a growth promoting function and 1 strain of bacillus with a biocontrol function are combined with apple branch carbonization.
Background
In 2014, the planting area of apples in China is 227 ten thousand hectares, the yield is 4092 ten thousand tons, and the apples are the first big fruits in China and account for more than 50% of the world area and yield of apples. The apple industry in fruit has become an important prop industry for fruit farmers to increase their income. In order to obtain the maximum economic benefit, the phenomenon of excessive use of inorganic fertilizer is common in the apple planting process, wherein the application amount of nitrogen is even up to 400-600kg/hm 2 . The application of excessive chemical fertilizer not only causes serious waste of resources, but also causes the increase of eutrophication phenomenon; the number of beneficial microorganisms in the soil is reduced, and the root system environment and the soil structure are seriously damaged; the organic carbon content in the soil is low, and the water and fertilizer holding capacity is poor; the physiological diseases and physiological disorders of apple trees are aggravated, and the ecological system and the functions of the orchard soil are greatly influenced. Therefore, the method improves the content of organic carbon in the apple orchard soil, enhances the soil fertilizer retention capacity, improves the utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer, and has important significance for improving the yield and quality of apples and protecting the ecological environment.
Along with the development of economy and science, more and more orchards at present are affected by soil-borne diseases, especially root rot of apple orchards, and the normal growth of fruit trees is seriously affected. Chemical control can effectively inhibit the occurrence of apple root rot, but a large amount of bactericide is used for root irrigation for a long time to cause a plurality of other problems, such as environmental pollution, drug resistance and the like. More and more research is currently being conducted towards biological control. Biological control utilizes the adverse effect of beneficial microorganisms on pathogenic bacteria of plant diseases to weaken pathogenicity of the pathogenic bacteria and reduce the number of pathogens, thereby inhibiting occurrence of diseases. The biological control has the advantages of no pollution to the environment, no toxicity or harm to people and livestock, no disease and no drug resistance, meets the requirements of people on green safe foods, and meets the requirements of environmental protection and agricultural sustainable development.
In order to improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer and reduce and alleviate the pollution of unreasonable application of the fertilizer to the environment, development of a novel fertilizer for replacing part of the fertilizer is urgently needed. Thus, microbial fertilizers have been developed. The microbial fertilizer comprises two parts of a biological agent and a carrier. Common carriers comprise organic substances such as crop straws, forest humus, pond sludge, cow dung and animal dung. The physicochemical properties of the soil are effectively improved after the organic matters are applied into the soil, the water and fertilizer loss phenomenon of the soil is reduced, and a benign living environment is provided for the growth of crops. However, these carriers affect the colonization and growth of the microbial agents during microbial loading, and affect the fertilizer efficiency, so finding a suitable carrier becomes a key to restrict microbial fertilizers.
Biomass charcoal is a kind of insoluble organic matter which is produced by biomass under anaerobic environment condition through high temperature and slow pyrolysis (generally less than 700 ℃), and is rich in organic matter with strong carbon stability. The biomass charcoal can provide good living environment and carbon source for microorganisms due to the abundant pore structure, can be used as a carrier of beneficial microorganisms, and can play a good role in field planting; secondly, the biomass charcoal can kill harmful microorganisms in the original carrier while being subjected to high-temperature pyrolysis, so that the problem of accumulation of pathogenic bacteria and harmful substances is solved; meanwhile, the biomass charcoal can keep stability for a long time after being applied into the soil, and has the capability of improving the physicochemical property of the soil, improving the activity of microorganisms in the soil and increasing the content of organic matters in the soil; finally, the field planted microorganisms can also improve the nutrient content of the effective state in the soil, and reduce the application of chemical fertilizers while improving the soil fertility, thereby reducing the pollution of the chemical fertilizers to the environment, and playing a vital role in the sustainable development of agriculture and ecological environment in the future.
A great deal of researches show that the microbial fertilizer taking biomass charcoal as a carrier not only can improve the soil environment and increase the effectiveness of N, P nutrients in the soil, but also can absorb and indirectly utilize moisture and nutrients which cannot be directly utilized by crops in the soil due to the special structure and physicochemical properties, delay the release of the nutrients and weaken the migration and transformation capability of the biomass charcoal in the soil.
In China, apples are important cash crops, are fruits with more outlets among a plurality of fruits, and have great promotion effect on the rapid growth of national economy in China. Therefore, the invention develops the special carbon-based microbial fertilizer for apple trees, which is prepared by taking apple branches as raw materials, by researching the influence of the carbon-based microbial fertilizer for apple branches on the development of apple trees and the prevention and treatment of soil-borne diseases of the orchards, and is used for improving the soil structure of the orchards, increasing the organic matter content of the soil of the orchards, preventing and treating the root diseases of the fruit trees and improving the yield and quality of apples.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the biomass charcoal prepared from the apple branch waste is used as a matrix material, and beneficial microorganisms with the functions of phosphate dissolving, potassium dissolving, nitrogen fixing, plant growth promoting and root disease preventing and controlling are loaded to prepare the apple charcoal-based microbial fertilizer with the functions of improving the soil environment of an orchard, promoting the growth of fruit trees, increasing the fruit yield and preventing and controlling the root disease of the orchard.
The invention also solves the technical problem of providing application of bacillus subtilis and bacillus megaterium in promoting effect of vegetables.
The invention also solves the technical problem of providing a method for knowing the control effect of bacillus amyloliquefaciens on apple root fungal diseases.
The invention also solves the technical problem of providing a preparation process of the carbon-based microbial compound fertilizer.
The invention finally solves the technical problem of providing the application of the apple charcoal-based microbial fertilizer in apple cultivation.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a bacillus subtilis, a bacillus megaterium and a bacillus amyloliquefaciens, wherein the bacillus subtilis CNBG-PGPR-1 is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center (China general microbiological culture Collection center) at the date of 13 of 04 month in 2020, and the preservation number is: CGMCC No.19564, classified and named as bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis); the bacillus megaterium CNBG-PGPR-2 is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center (China Committee for culture Collection) on 13 th month of 2020 with the preservation number: CGMCC No.19563, classified and named as bacillus megatherium (Bacillus megaterium); the bacillus amyloliquefaciens CNBG-PGPR-5 is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center (China Committee for culture Collection) on the 02 th month of 2020, and the preservation number is: CGMCC No.20008, classified name is Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens), preserving address: beijing, chaoyang area, north Chen Xi Lu No.1, 3, china academy of sciences microbiological institute, post code: 100101.
the invention also comprises the evaluation of the growth promotion capability of the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus megaterium.
The invention also solves the technical problem of providing an evaluation for knowing the capability of bacillus amyloliquefaciens in preventing and treating root fungal diseases.
The invention also discloses a loading process and an evaluation method of the bacillus on biomass charcoal.
The invention also discloses an application effect of the apple branch charcoal-based microbial compound fertilizer in apple orchards.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages.
The biomass charcoal generated after charring the apple branches has good physical properties, can enhance the aeration performance and water retention performance of soil, further promote the formation of good soil aggregates, increase the specific surface area and porosity of the soil, reduce the volume weight of the soil and improve the soil structure. Compared with traditional composting treatment, on the basis of fully utilizing solid waste in an orchard, the residue of branch diseases and insect pests is eliminated while basic fertility is maintained as much as possible.
According to the invention, bacillus with growth promoting and biocontrol functions at the separation and purification position of biomass charcoal combined laboratory is adopted to prepare the compound microbial fertilizer taking apple branch biomass charcoal as a carrier, and compared with conventional fertilization, the compound microbial fertilizer can effectively improve the nutrient content of soil in an orchard, reduce root diseases of fruit trees, promote nutrient accumulation of apple trees and improve Vc content of fruits at the fruit yield level.
Drawings
FIG. 1CNBG-PGPR-1, CNBG-PGPR-2 on the pro-active effect of green vegetables
FIG. 2CNBG-PGPR-5 inhibiting apple root rot pathogen results
FIG. 3 effect of apple charcoal based microbial fertilizer on apple shoot growth and flowering
FIG. 4 effect of apple charcoal based microbial fertilizer on apple fruit weight per unit
FIG. 5 effect of apple charcoal based microbial fertilizer on soluble solids of apple fruit
FIG. 6 effect of apple charcoal based microbial fertilizer on Vc content of apple fruit
FIG. 7 effect of apple charcoal based microbial fertilizer on soluble sugar content of apple fruit
Detailed Description
The following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
EXAMPLE 1 determination of the growth-promoting ability of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium
The field experiments were conducted in Jiangsu Xuzhou Fengxian (34°38'03 "N, 116°37' 07" E) for evaluation of bacterial fertilizer efficiency. The experiment was set up with 4 treatments, treatment 1 being a Control (CK) without fertilization; treatment 2 is a commercial bacterial manure (CG); treatment 3 is Bacillus subtilis CNBG-PGPR-1 (Bs) used in the present invention; process 4 is the present inventionBacillus megaterium CNBG-PGPR-2 (Bm) used; treatment 5 was a mixed application (bs+bm) of bacillus subtilis CNBG-PGPR-1, bacillus megaterium CNBG-PGPR-2, and three replicates were set for each treatment. Counting bacterial count by plate counting method before bacterial fertilizer application, and reaching (1.6+ -0.2) x 10 9 The commercial bacterial manure is applied according to the product requirement.
After the land is leveled, the green vegetable seeds are evenly stirred into the soil, watered and covered with soil. Post-watering the bacteria once a week, watering the bacteria again at intervals of a week, harvesting after a month and a half, and watering the bacteria for 3 times. Each treatment was sampled in a 1m x 1m area, the yield was calculated by weighing and the leaf Vc content was measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 measurement of the growth-promoting Capacity of microbial Agents
The results show that compared with the microbial inoculum without fertilization, the microbial inoculum can obviously improve the yield of green vegetables, the yield of green vegetables is increased by 87.4% after the treatment of the Bs microbial inoculum, the yield of green vegetables is increased by 83.7% after the treatment of the Bm microbial inoculum, and the yield of green vegetables is increased by 84.85% after the treatment of the Bs microbial inoculum and the Bs microbial inoculum are mixed; compared with the commercial microbial inoculum, the microbial inoculum provided by the invention has the advantages that the yield of green vegetables is improved by 32.5%, 29.9% and 30.69% respectively after being applied. Therefore, the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus megaterium used in the invention have remarkable growth promoting capability on plants. Meanwhile, after Bm microbial inoculum is applied, vc content of green vegetables is obviously increased, and the original effect can be ensured by mixed application.
Example 2 determination of biocontrol function of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
Inoculating Fusarium oxysporum of preserved apple root system to PDA plate for culturing and activating by adopting a plate facing method, taking out bacterial trays at the edge of bacterial colonies after bacterial colonies grow out, inoculating to the center of a new PDA plate, transferring fully activated bacillus amyloliquefaciens with the value of 20 mu L, OD of 0.2-0.6 to the center of the new PDA plate by using a sterilizing gun head, dripping in 3 directions which are 3cm away from pathogenic bacteria, taking the biocontrol bacteria in the 4 th direction as a control, repeating each treatment for 3 times, culturing for 5d in a constant temperature incubator at 26 ℃, observing and measuring the bacterial colony diameter, and calculating the bacteriostasis rate (Table 2).
Antibacterial ratio (%) = (Rp-Rt)/rp×100%.
Where Rp represents the hypha growth diameter of the control group and Rt represents the hypha growth diameter of the treatment group.
As can be seen from Table 2, the CNBG-PGPR-5 used in the present patent has obvious inhibition effect on growth of fusarium oxysporum, compared with the control, the growth length of the thallus is shortened by more than 60%, and the inhibition rate is 63.3% (figure 2).
TABLE 2 antibacterial Effect of CNBG-PGPR-5 treatment on Fusarium oxysporum on apple root
Example 4 3 Bacillus strain antagonistic assay
Three functional bacteria mixed bacteria antagonism tests are carried out by adopting an oxford cup agar diffusion method. The prepared indicator bacterium culture medium (NA culture medium) is boiled and melted, cooled slightly and then put into a constant temperature box, and the temperature is kept constant at 60 ℃ for 2-3 hours. And adding substrate bacteria into the culture medium before pouring, vertically inserting oxford cups into the culture medium by using tweezers immediately after pouring, standing, and pulling out the oxford cups after the culture medium is solidified to prepare the substrate-indicating culture medium. Sucking control bacteria, dripping into oxford cup, culturing at 28deg.C for 3 days, and observing whether antibacterial zone appears around oxford cup.
As shown in Table 3, 3 strains of Bacillus did not have antagonism, and they were used as a mixed bacterial agent.
Table 3 3 results of Bacillus antagonism experiments
Example 5 preparation of apple shoot Biomass charcoal and nutrient determination thereof
The apple branches are taken as raw materials, crushed into chips of 3-5cm, burned in a carbonization furnace at 300 ℃, 400 ℃,500 ℃ and 600 ℃ for 3 hours at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, so that the biomass charcoal material based on the apple branches is obtained, and physicochemical property tests are carried out on the biomass charcoal material, and the results are shown in the table 4 below.
Table 4 determination of physicochemical Properties of apple shoot Biomass charcoal
The result shows that the pH value and the total nitrogen content of the biomass charcoal are gradually increased along with the increase of the temperature, and the organic matter content, the total phosphorus content and the total potassium content are gradually increased and then reduced, so that the preparation of the apple branch biomass charcoal is optimal at 500 ℃.
Example 6 preparation of apple shoot carbon-based microbial Fertilizer
Respectively pulverizing apple branch biomass charcoal, urea, monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate, sieving with 20 mesh sieve, mixing apple biomass charcoal, urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, bentonite, gypsum and trehalose according to a certain proportion, stirring uniformly, and placing into a disk granulator to reach a concentration of (1.6+ -0.2) x 10 with a spore rate of more than or equal to 80% 9 The fermentation liquid of each/mL bacillus subtilis CNBG-PGPR-1, bacillus megaterium CNBG-PGPR-2 and bacillus amyloliquefaciens CNBG-PGPR-5 is slowly sprayed, and is evenly mixed with the raw materials for granulation. The weight percentage of each component is as follows:
1. 40% of apple branch biomass charcoal, 10% of urea, 9% of monoammonium phosphate, 8% of potassium sulfate, 10% of bentonite, 3% of gypsum and 20mL (20%) of bacterial liquid;
2. 30% of apple branch biomass charcoal, 15% of urea, 9% of monoammonium phosphate, 8% of potassium sulfate, 10% of bentonite, 3% of gypsum and 25mL (25%) of bacterial liquid;
3. 20% of apple branch biomass charcoal, 15% of urea, 10% of monoammonium phosphate, 12% of potassium sulfate, 10% of bentonite, 3% of gypsum and 30mL (30%) of bacterial liquid.
The formed granules are put into an electrothermal blowing drying oven, dried at 30-40 ℃ (or dried in the sun) and shaped. After the drying and shaping are finished, the granulated fertilizer is sieved by a metal sieve with the diameter of 1mm and 4.75mm, and the fertilizer with the particle diameter of 1mm to 4.75mm is reserved, packaged and sealed.
The above 3 apple branch carbon-based microbial compound fertilizers were tested according to the agricultural industry standard NY/T2321-2013 of the people's republic of China, and the results are shown in Table 5. According to the above formula, namely 20% -40% of apple biomass charcoal, 20% -30% of bacterial liquid, 27% -37% of urea, monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate, 10% of bentonite and 3% of gypsum. The produced apple branch charcoal-based microbial fertilizer has the organic matter (dry basis) content of 20-36%, the available nutrient (N+P2O5+K2O) content of 15-20%, the water content of 11-13%, the pH value of 7.1-7.6 and the effective viable count of 1.8-2.6 hundred million/g, and meets the national composite microbial fertilizer standard (NY/T798-2015).
Table 5 nutrient indices of carbon-based microbial fertilizers for apple branches of different formulas
Example 7 Effect of apple shoot charcoal-based microbial fertilizers on soil improvement in orchard and Effect on apple fruit and fruit quality
Experiments are carried out in the waist regions Wang Cun and Xu Dikou of Xuzhou Fengxian in 2019-2020, the test material is 8 years of smoke generation and 3, and the plant row spacing is 5m multiplied by 3m. Autumn fertilization treatments were performed on 12 months 2019 and 5 months 2019, respectively, for a total of 4 treatments, each treatment 1 being no fertilization Control (CK), treatment 2 being Conventional Fertilization (CF), treatment 3 being apple shoot charcoal base fertilizer (re-sterilized before use) in example 6 (BC), treatment 4 being apple charcoal base microorganism (BCL) in example 6. The fertilizer application method is that fertilizer trenches with the length of about 1m, the width of about 30cm and the depth of 50cm are dug at the position 40-60cm away from the western side of the trunk, the fertilizer classified by weighing is applied into the trenches, and the fertilizer and the soil in the trenches are fully and uniformly mixed. Samples were taken before fertilization, one month after fertilization, and one year after fertilization, respectively, and the change in physicochemical properties of the soil in the orchard was measured (tables 6 to 7). At the same time, young shoot growth and flowering were measured in early summer 2020 (day 4 months 9) (fig. 3); fruit yield was measured in autumn (10 months) in 2020 and samples were taken to measure fruit quality (tables 8-9, FIGS. 4-7).
Apple orchard soil data after different fertilization treatments in table 6 Xu Dikou orchards
Apple orchard soil data after different fertilization treatments of surface 7 lumbar lining Wang Cun orchards
(1) The different fertilization treatments change the properties of the orchard soil
The results show that the physical and chemical properties of the soil are obviously different after different fertilization treatments. Compared with the control, treatments 2, 3 and 4 have obvious differences in the organic matter content of soil and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content; compared with conventional fertilization, the application of the apple branch carbon-based fertilizer has obvious differences in organic matter, total phosphorus and total potassium content; in addition, after the microbial inoculum disclosed by the invention is loaded, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the effective state in the soil is obviously increased.
(2) Influence of different fertilization treatments on the length of young shoots and flowering conditions of apples
After different fertilization treatments, the apple carbon-based microbial fertilizer obviously improves the length of the young shoots and the flowering number of the fruit trees (figure 2), compared with a control, the flowering number is increased by 3 flowers/branch on average, the length of the young shoots of the apple is increased by 3cm on average, which indicates that the fertilization treatment improves the root system environment of the fruit trees, and simultaneously improves the absorption of nutrients in spring of the fruit trees, and provides a nutrient basis for the growth and fruit development of the fruit trees.
(3) Influence of different fertilizing treatments on apple fruit yield
After different fertilizer treatments are applied, the carbon-based microbial fertilizer of the invention significantly improves the single fruit weight of apple trees (tables 8-9, figure 3).
(4) Influence of different fertilisation treatments on fruit quality
The content of soluble solids in the fruits is measured by a refractometer method, the content of soluble sugar in the fruits is measured by an anthrone colorimetric method, the content of the soluble solids in the fruits is increased, the Vc content of the fruits is increased, the sugar-acid ratio of the fruits is improved, and the mouthfeel of the fruits is improved to a certain extent (tables 8-9 and figures 4-6).
Table 8 Xu Dikou fruit quality data of apples after different fertilizations in orchard
Apple quality data after different fertilization treatments in Table 9, lumbar and inner Wang Cun orchards
The results show that the apple branch biomass charcoal-based microbial fertilizer disclosed by the invention can effectively improve the soil environment of an orchard, increase the organic matter content of the soil, increase the effective nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in the soil on the premise of the same application amount, improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer and further enhance the nutrient absorption capacity of fruit trees. Meanwhile, the apple branch carbon-based microbial fertilizer can increase flowering quantity of apple trees, remarkably improve apple fruit yield, improve Vc content of fruits, increase sugar accumulation of fruits and improve fruit quality.
Claims (12)
1. A strain of bacillus subtilis which is deposited in the China general microbiological culture Collection center of the China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms on the 13 th month of 2020, wherein the deposit number is: CGMCC No.19564.
2. The bacillus megaterium is characterized in that the bacillus subtilis is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center (China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms) on the 13 th month of 2020, and the preservation number is: CGMCC No.19563.
3. The bacillus amyloliquefaciens is characterized in that the bacillus subtilis is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center (China Committee) for culture Collection of microorganisms on the day of 06/02 2020, and the preservation number is: CGMCC No.20008.
4. The use according to claim 1, wherein the microbial agent has a promoting effect on growth of green vegetables and accumulation of Vc.
5. The use according to claim 2, wherein the microbial agent has a promoting effect on growth of green vegetables and accumulation of Vc.
6. The use according to claim 3, wherein the microbial inoculum has an inhibitory effect on the pathogenic bacteria fusarium oxysporum of apple root rot.
7. The use of bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium and bacillus amyloliquefaciens according to claims 1, 2 and 3 for preparing carbon-based microbial compound fertilizer.
8. The carbon-based microbial compound fertilizer is characterized in that the carbon-based microbial compound fertilizer is obtained by culturing bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium and bacillus amyloliquefaciens according to claims 1, 2 and 3 into a spore form and loading the spore form on biomass charcoal.
9. The carbon-based microbial compound fertilizer of claim 6, wherein the biomass char is apple shoot char biomass char.
10. The carbon-based microbial compound fertilizer according to claim 6, wherein the biomass charcoal accounts for 20-40% of the total weight of the compound fertilizer, and the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus megaterium and the bacillus amyloliquefaciens account for 20-30% of the total weight of the compound fertilizer.
11. The carbon-based microbial compound fertilizer according to claim 6, wherein the carbon-based microbial compound fertilizer comprises 20% -40% of apple biomass charcoal, 20% -30% of bacterial liquid, 27% -37% of urea, monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate, 10% of bentonite and 3% of gypsum.
12. The application of the carbon-based microbial compound fertilizer in apple cultivation and planting.
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