CN116079083A

CN116079083A - Cylindrical Fresnel ultra-precision machining roller equipment based on six shafts

Info

Publication number: CN116079083A
Application number: CN202310161188.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王波; 吴言功; 李子腾; 乔政; 丁飞
Original assignee: Harbin Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Harbin Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2023-02-23
Filing date: 2023-02-23
Publication date: 2023-05-09

Abstract

A cylindrical Fresnel ultra-precision machining roller device based on six shafts belongs to the technical field of ultra-precision machining. The roller die is arranged on the roller machine tool, the cutter component is arranged below the roller die and arranged on the tandem double rotary tables, and the tandem double rotary tables are arranged on the roller machine tool through XYZ shaft displacement tables. According to the invention, cylindrical Fresnel is processed on a large-size roller die by using a roller machine tool, so that the large-size advantage of the cylindrical Fresnel is fully exerted, a cylindrical Fresnel profiling processing method is improved, a manual displacement table for adjusting a cutter is removed, and the integral rigidity of the machine tool is ensured; meanwhile, the C-axis of the main shaft adopts a gas static pressure main shaft, and the rigidity and the bearing are coupled, so that the gas floating main shaft has extremely high rotation precision and rigidity, the anti-interference capability of the gas floating main shaft is greatly improved, the X-axis and the Z-axis are both liquid static pressure guide rails, the gas static pressure main shaft is low-speed and free from creeping, the bearing capacity is ensured, the linear motion precision is improved, and the ultra-precise machining requirement is met.

Description

Cylindrical Fresnel ultra-precision machining roller equipment based on six shafts

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ultra-precise machining, and particularly relates to cylindrical Fresnel ultra-precise machining roller equipment based on six shafts.

Background

The Fresnel structure has wide application, the Fresnel lens divides the traditional convex lens into micro circular arcs, each micro circular arc is projected on a plane, and the micro circular arcs are simplified into line segments, so that the three-dimensional optical element is changed into a two-dimensional optical element, and the same optical effect can be achieved while the volume is reduced. The Fresnel structure is widely applied to a plurality of fields such as solar focusing, macroscopic microscopic imaging and the like with the advantages of light weight, small volume and the like, such as a condenser lens of a concentrating photovoltaic system, a light-resistant screen of a laser television and the like. Along with the rapid development of technology, the demand of large-caliber Fresnel optical elements is larger and larger, the cylindrical Fresnel processing method can reduce the size of a machine tool, reduce the cost of a die, and can efficiently produce Fresnel elements in a large scale by combining a Roll-to-Roll replication technology.

In recent years, the requirements for the yield of large-caliber Fresnel elements are increasing, and the Fresnel structure is flexible and changeable in processing mode, but the Fresnel structure is not suitable for manufacturing the large-caliber Fresnel elements. The current common method for manufacturing large-caliber Fresnel elements in batches is to ultra-precisely turn a Fresnel mould on a flat plate and copy the Fresnel elements in an injection molding mode, the Fresnel mould processing machine tool required by the method has large size, the machine tool has large manufacturing difficulty, the mould cost is high, the copying efficiency of injection molding is low, and the requirement of yield is hardly met. Therefore, it is very urgent to find a low-cost and high-efficiency manufacturing method for a large-caliber Fresnel element.

The cylindrical Fresnel technology indicates a new direction for large-caliber Fresnel processing, and the Fresnel structure is engraved on the cylindrical surface and combined with a Roll-to-Roll replication method, so that the production efficiency is greatly improved. Compared with an end face Fresnel machine tool, the size of the main shaft of the cylindrical Fresnel machine tool is reduced by several times, and the design difficulty of the machine tool is reduced. The ultra-precise roller machine tool is utilized to process the large-caliber cylindrical surface Fresnel on the large-roller die, so that the Fresnel die with low cost and high precision can be manufactured.

However, most researchers use ultra-precise single-point turning to process the cylindrical Fresnel, so that the potential value of the cylindrical Fresnel process is not fully exerted, and the method is difficult to be widely applied. The SDS method (swing-rotary tool forming method) is used for processing the cylindrical Fresnel structure, the method has the advantages of high efficiency and high precision, but the method requires that the tool tip point is positioned at the center of the A axis and the B axis, and for this purpose, a manual displacement table or a flexible hinge is generally added to adjust the position of the tool tip, so that the integral rigidity of the machine tool is greatly reduced, and the problems of cutting chatter and the like are caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems, and further provides cylindrical Fresnel ultra-precision machining roller equipment based on six shafts.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a cylindrical Fresnel ultra-precision machining roller device based on six axes comprises a roller machine tool, a tandem double turntable, a cutter assembly, an XYZ axis displacement table and a roller die; the roller die is arranged on the roller machine tool, the cutter component is arranged below the roller die and arranged on the tandem double rotary tables, and the tandem double rotary tables are arranged on the roller machine tool through XYZ shaft displacement tables.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, cylindrical Fresnel is processed on a large-size roller die by using a roller machine tool, so that the large-size advantage of the cylindrical Fresnel is fully exerted, a cylindrical Fresnel profiling processing method is improved, a manual displacement table for adjusting a cutter is removed, and the integral rigidity of the machine tool is ensured; meanwhile, the C-axis of the main shaft adopts a gas static pressure main shaft, and the rigidity and the bearing are coupled, so that the gas floating main shaft has extremely high rotation precision and rigidity, the anti-interference capability of the gas floating main shaft is greatly improved, the X-axis and the Z-axis are both liquid static pressure guide rails, the gas static pressure main shaft is low-speed and free from creeping, the bearing capacity is ensured, the linear motion precision is improved, and the ultra-precise machining requirement is met.

2. Compared with end face Fresnel with the same size, the cylindrical Fresnel is processed on the large roller, the cylindrical Fresnel copying machine has the advantages of small machine tool size and low die cost, can have very high copying efficiency by combining a Roll-to-Roll copying technology, and according to the cylindrical Fresnel copying method processing principle, a tandem double-turntable device is required to be integrated on a triaxial ultra-precise roller machine tool, and meanwhile, a Y-axis linear pair is connected in series between a cutter clamp and the double-turntable to jointly form the cylindrical Fresnel ultra-precise six-axis processing machine tool.

3. The invention adopts the process form of processing under the roller die, and the cuttings in the processing process do free falling movement due to self gravity, so that the problems of scratch on the processing surface and reduction of processing roughness caused by the influence of the cutter in the processing process are avoided. Meanwhile, the characteristics of large mass, long size and the like of the roller mould are considered, a certain bending moment can be generated in the processing process, and the processing under the roller mould is beneficial to resisting the influence of the bending moment, so that the rigidity of the machine tool is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a tandem dual turret structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the tandem dual turntable and the XYZ axis displacement table of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cylindrical Fresnel profiling method based on tool rotational oscillation of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram II of a cylindrical Fresnel profiling method based on tool rotation and oscillation;

wherein: 1. a machine tool base; 2. front and rear guard plates of the machine tool; 3. a spindle bracket; 4. a spindle base; 5. a gas hydrostatic bearing; 6. a chuck; 7. a roller die; 8. tandem double turntables; 9. an X-axis guide rail; 10. the upper part of the X-axis slide carriage; 11. the side wall of the X-axis slide carriage; 12. the upper part of the Z-axis slide carriage; 13. the side wall of the Z-axis slide carriage; 14. a Z-axis guide rail; 15. the lower part of the Z-axis slide carriage; 16. a main shaft tailstock; 17. a guide rail cushion block; 18. the lower part of the X-axis slide carriage; 19. a mold roll supporting shaft; 20. a grating ruler; 21. newport high-precision angle adjuster; 22. a bracket; 23. a B-axis connecting plate; 24. a framed motor; 25. a colmorgan adaptor; 26. a sensor clamp block; 27. a spectral confocal displacement sensor; 28. a sensor mount; 29. a sensor pad; 30. a chuck; 31. d100, clamping; 32. a 3R base; 33. a cutter supporting seat; 34. a cutter switching block; 35. a cutter mounting plate; 36. a cutter; 37. a cutter pressing plate; 38. the upper part of the Y-axis slide carriage; 39. the side wall of the Y-axis slide carriage; 40. a Y-axis guide rail; 41. the lower part of the Y-axis slide carriage; 42. a roller machine tool; 43. tandem double turntables; 44. a cutter assembly; 45. XYZ axis displacement table.

Detailed Description

For a better understanding of the objects, structures and functions of the present invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the cylindrical fresnel ultra-precision machining roller equipment based on six axes of the present invention comprises a roller machine 42, a tandem double turntable 43, a cutter assembly 44, an XYZ axis displacement table 45 and a roller die 7; the roller die 7 is mounted on a roller machine 42, the cutter assembly 44 is disposed below the roller die 7, and the cutter assembly 44 is mounted on a tandem double turntable 43, the tandem double turntable 43 being mounted on the roller machine 42 by an XYZ axis displacement table 45. Tandem twin turret 43 is capable of swinging and rotating cutter assembly 44, cutter assembly 44 working on cylindrical fresnel on roller die 7.

As shown in fig. 1, the roller machine tool 42 comprises a machine tool base 1, machine tool front and rear guard plates 2, a spindle bracket 3, a spindle tailstock 16 and two spindle systems; the machine tool base 1 and the machine tool front and rear guard plates 2 arranged on the machine tool base 1 form a machine tool base, the front and rear parts of the spindle bracket 3 and the spindle tailstock 16 are relatively fixed on the machine tool base 1, and as the mass of the roller die 7 is large, the spindle bracket 3 and the spindle tailstock 16 are provided with spindle systems, two sets of spindle systems are arranged, and the two sets of spindle systems clamp the roller die 7 in a double-end clamping mode.

As shown in fig. 1, each set of the spindle system comprises a spindle seat 4, a hydrostatic bearing 5, a chuck 6 and a die cylinder supporting shaft 19; the spindle seat 4 is arranged on the spindle bracket 3 or the spindle tail frame 16 through bolts, the chuck 6 is arranged on the spindle seat 4 through the aerostatic bearing 5, the spindle C shaft of the roller machine tool 42 adopts the aerostatic bearing 5, the roller machine tool has the characteristics of large bearing capacity and high rotation precision, the mold roll supporting shaft 19 is arranged on the chuck 6, and the roller mold 7 is fixed between the mold roll supporting shafts 19 of two sets of spindle systems.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the XYZ-axis displacement table 45 includes an X-axis guide rail 9, an X-axis carriage upper portion 10, a Z-axis guide rail 14, a Z-axis carriage upper portion 12, a Y-axis carriage lower portion 41, and a Y-axis guide rail 40; the Z-axis guide rail 14 is axially fixed on the machine tool base 1 through a guide rail cushion block 17 along the roller die 7, the left side and the right side of the lower surface of the upper part 12 of the Z-axis slide are sequentially connected with the side wall 13 of the Z-axis slide and the lower part 15 of the Z-axis slide to form an inverted U-shaped Z-axis slide, the upper part 12 of the Z-axis slide is erected on the Z-axis guide rail 14 through the side wall 13 of the Z-axis slide and the lower part 15 of the Z-axis slide and is in sliding connection with the Z-axis guide rail 14, the X-axis guide rail 9 is fixed on the upper part 12 of the Z-axis slide along the left-right direction, the front side and the rear side of the lower surface of the upper part 10 of the X-axis slide are sequentially connected with the side wall 11 of the X-axis slide and the lower part 18 of the X-axis slide to form an inverted U-shaped X-axis slide, the inverted U-shaped X-axis sliding block is erected on the X-axis guide rail 9, the upper X-axis sliding block 10 is in sliding connection with the X-axis guide rail 9 through the side wall 11 of the X-axis sliding block and the lower X-axis sliding block 18, the X-axis sliding block 9 is in linear motion, the lower Y-axis sliding block 41 is connected with the upper X-axis sliding block 10 in the vertical direction through bolts, two ends of the lower Y-axis sliding block 41 are sequentially fixed with the side wall 39 of the Y-axis sliding block and the upper Y-axis sliding block 38 to form the inverted U-shaped Y-axis sliding block, the lower Y-axis sliding block 41 is in sliding connection with the Y-axis guide rail 40, the Y-axis sliding block is in linear motion on the Y-axis guide rail 40 along the Y-axis, and the serial double rotary table 43 is connected with the Y-axis guide rail 40 through bolts.

The tandem double turntable 43 realizes positional adjustment in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions by the XYZ-axis displacement stage 45.

The X-axis guide rail 9 and the Z-axis guide rail 14 are hydrostatic guide rails, are low-speed and free from creeping, and adopt a cross block layout mode.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the tandem double turntable 43 includes a Newport high-precision angle adjuster 21, a bracket 22, a colmorgan framed motor 24, a spectral confocal displacement sensor 27, a 3R base 32, a cutter support 33, a cutter transfer block 34, a cutter mounting plate 35 and a cutter 36; the tool support base 33 is a double-turntable base and is mounted on a Y-axis guide rail 40 of an XYZ-axis displacement table 45, the bracket 22 and the 3R base 32 are fixedly connected to the tool support base 33 through bolts, the spectral confocal displacement sensor 27 is clamped and mounted between the sensor clamping block 26 and the sensor mounting base 28, the sensor mounting base 28 is mounted on the sensor cushion block 29, the sensor cushion block 29 is mounted on the chuck 30, the chuck 30 is clamped on the D100 clamp 31, the D100 clamp 31 is mounted on the 3R base 32 through bolts, the Korship framed motor 24 is coaxially connected with the bracket 22 through the Korship adapter 25, the Newport high-precision angle adjuster 21 is connected to the Korship framed motor 24 through a B-axis connecting plate, the tool assembly 44 is mounted on the Newport high-precision angle adjuster 21, a rotation axis A of the tandem double-turntable 43 is used for swinging the tool, the rotation axis B-axis is used for rotating the tool, and the A-axis is the Newport high-precision angle adjuster 21, and the resolution can reach 3.6 seconds; the B axis is a Kelmor framed motor 24 with a resolution of up to 0.1 angular seconds.

The tandem double turntable 43 and the upper part 10 of the X-axis slide carriage are connected in series with a Y-axis linear moving pair, so that the cutter assembly 44 can do linear movement along the Y axis of the machine tool; the roller die 7 is mounted on a Z-direction transmission shaft of a roller machine tool 42, and cylindrical Fresnel processing is performed by a rotary cutter processing method.

As shown in fig. 2, the cutter assembly 44 includes a cutter 36, a cutter mounting plate 35, and a cutter adapter block 34; the cutter 36 is fixed on the cutter mounting plate 35 through a cutter pressing plate 37, and the cutter mounting plate 35 is connected with the Newport high-precision angle adjuster 21 through a cutter adapter block 34. The cutter 36 adopts a turning tool.

The tandem double turntable 43 is placed above the roller machine tool 42, the axis of the B shaft of the tandem double turntable 43 is adjusted to be parallel to the axis of the Y shaft and is in the same vertical plane with the axis of the C shaft aerostatic bearing 5, and meanwhile, a Y shaft linear moving pair is connected in series between the tandem double turntable 43 and the upper part 10 of the X shaft slide carriage, so that a six-shaft machine tool is formed.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in the rotary cutter machining method, the cutter assembly 44 is placed on the rotation axis B, the cutter 36 rotates during machining, the front cutter surface is always perpendicular to the cutting direction, the cylindrical fresnel is machined by adopting a profiling method, the cutting edge of the pointed cutter directly forms the fresnel working surface, and the angle of the cutting edge is adjusted by increasing the axis a of the cutter swinging axis due to the different angles of each fresnel ring, so that the fresnel rings with different angles are machined.

The invention is illustrated as a structural diagram of cylindrical Fresnel ultra-precision machining roller equipment based on six axes. However, the present invention is not limited to the form of XYZABC, three linear axes and three rotary axes, but may be used in the form of XZABC side rotary cutter machining.

It will be understood that the invention has been described in terms of several embodiments, and that various changes and equivalents may be made to these features and embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. Cylindrical Fresnel ultra-precision machining roller equipment based on six shafts is characterized in that: comprises a roller machine tool (42), a tandem double turntable (43), a cutter assembly (44), an XYZ shaft displacement table (45) and a roller die (7); the roller die (7) is arranged on a roller machine tool (42), the cutter assembly (44) is arranged below the roller die (7), the cutter assembly (44) is arranged on a tandem double turntable (43), and the tandem double turntable (43) is arranged on the roller machine tool (42) through an XYZ axis displacement table (45).

2. The six-axis cylindrical fresnel ultra-precision machining roller device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the roller machine tool (42) comprises a machine tool base (1), machine tool front and rear guard plates (2), a main shaft bracket (3), a main shaft tail bracket (16) and two sets of main shaft systems; the machine tool comprises a machine tool base (1) and machine tool front and rear guard plates (2) arranged on the machine tool base (1), wherein a spindle support (3) and a spindle tail frame (16) are fixed on the machine tool base (1) in a front-back relative mode, spindle systems are arranged on the spindle support (3) and the spindle tail frame (16), and two sets of spindle systems clamp a roller die (7) in a double-end clamping mode.

3. The six-axis cylindrical fresnel ultra-precision machining roller device according to claim 2, characterized in that: each set of spindle system comprises a spindle seat (4), a gas hydrostatic bearing (5), a chuck (6) and a die roll supporting shaft (19); the main shaft seat (4) is arranged on the main shaft support (3) or the main shaft tail frame (16), the chuck (6) is arranged on the main shaft seat (4) through the aerostatic bearing (5), the chuck (6) is provided with a die roller supporting shaft (19), and the roller die (7) is fixed between the die roller supporting shafts (19) of the two sets of main shaft systems.

4. The six-axis cylindrical fresnel ultra-precision machining roller device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the XYZ-axis displacement table (45) comprises an X-axis guide rail (9), an X-axis slide carriage upper part (10), a Z-axis guide rail (14), a Z-axis slide carriage upper part (12), a Y-axis slide carriage lower part (41) and a Y-axis guide rail (40); z axle guide rail (14) are fixed on lathe base (1) along roller mould (7) axial, Z axle carriage upper portion (12) and Z axle guide rail (14) sliding connection, do rectilinear motion on Z axle guide rail (14), X axle guide rail (9) are fixed on Z axle carriage upper portion (12) along left and right directions, X axle carriage upper portion (10) and X axle guide rail (9) sliding connection, do rectilinear motion on X axle guide rail (9), Y axle carriage lower part (41) are connected with X axle carriage upper portion (10) along vertical direction, Y axle carriage lower part (41) and Y axle guide rail (40) sliding connection, establish ties two revolving stage (43) and Y axle guide rail (40).

5. The six-axis cylindrical fresnel ultra-precision machining roller device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tandem double-turntable (43) comprises a Newport high-precision angle adjuster (21), a bracket (22), a framed motor (24), a spectrum confocal displacement sensor (27), a 3R base (32), a cutter supporting seat (33), a cutter switching block (34), a cutter mounting plate (35) and a cutter (36); the utility model provides a three-dimensional angle modulation device, including Y axle guide rail (40) of XYZ axle displacement platform (45), support (22) and 3R base (32) are connected fixedly on cutter support (33), spectral confocal displacement sensor (27) are installed on 3R base (32), have frame motor (24) and support (22) coaxial coupling, newport high accuracy angle modulation ware (21) are connected on frame motor (24), cutter assembly (44) are installed on Newport high accuracy angle modulation ware (21), the rotation axis A axle of establishing ties two revolving tables (43) is used for swinging the cutter, rotation axis B axle is used for rotatory cutter, A axle is Newport high accuracy angle modulation ware (21), and B axle is frame motor (24).

6. The six-axis cylindrical Fresnel ultra-precision machining roller device according to claim 5, wherein: the cutter assembly (44) includes a cutter (36), a cutter mounting plate (35), and a cutter adapter block (34); the cutter (36) is fixed on a cutter mounting plate (35), and the cutter mounting plate (35) is connected with the Newport high-precision angle adjuster (21) through a cutter switching block (34).