CN116063087A - 一种等离子炉用的内衬致密材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种等离子炉用的内衬致密材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种等离子炉用的内衬致密材料，按质量百分比计包括以下组分：20～30％的六铝酸钙细粉、3～6％的硅粉、6～7％的铝粉、0.5～1.5％的二氧化钛粉、1～2％的氧化铝粉、0.5～1.5％的二氧化硅粉、1～2％的碳化钒细粉、0.05～0.1％的增韧剂、0.3～0.5％的造孔剂、7～8％的结合剂以及余量的碳化硅粉体；其制备方法包括以下步骤：S1、混合原料；S2、放电等离子烧结；S3、交替浸渍；S4、热处理；本发明内衬致密材料通过添加造孔剂使碳化硅与六铝酸钙复合制成多孔致密材料，提高材料内部致密度，从而具有优异的抗渣侵蚀性；并且通过添加少量增韧剂，在提高材料致密性能的同时提高材料的抗断裂性和抗热震性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及致密材料技术领域，具体是涉及一种等离子炉用的内衬致密材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
等离子体炉操作温度高，废物能迅速干燥、热解、裂解，再经过二次燃烧达到无害化，无机物在高温作用下熔融成尾渣，高危废物经过处理能够实现无害化。目前等离子体气化炉普遍使用含铬炉衬材料，在生产和使用过程中会造成铬污染；高铬材料抗渣性优异,高温力学强度高,目前主要均采用该耐火材料为内衬。然而,含铬耐火材料在原料制备、生产、使用以及用后均存在潜在的Cr6+危害，等离子炉用耐火材料的绿色化发展迫在眉睫。
SiC具有优异的高温力学性能和抗熔渣侵蚀性能，是等离子体气化炉衬重要的耐火材料，然而等离子炬周围1700℃的高温环境及不断充入的空气会导致SiC氧化，性能急剧下降；而且高危垃圾焚烧产生的水蒸气对上部炉衬SiC亦会产生严重腐蚀。
因此，等离子炉所用内衬材料不仅需要优异的耐火抗热震性能，还要增强材料的致密性，才能长久地在高温环境下具有较长的使用寿命，致密程度足够，才能够具备较强的抗渣性。本发明设计了本发明提供了一种等离子炉用的内衬致密材料及其制备方法来优化上述问题。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种等离子炉用的内衬致密材料及其制备方法。
本发明的技术方案是：一种等离子炉用的内衬致密材料，所述内衬致密材料按质量百分比计包括以下组分：20～30％的六铝酸钙细粉、3～6％的硅粉、6～7％的铝粉、0.5～1.5％的二氧化钛粉、1～2％的氧化铝粉、0.5～1.5％的二氧化硅粉、1～2％的碳化钒细粉、0.05～0.1％的增韧剂、0.3～0.5％的造孔剂、7～8％的结合剂以及余量的碳化硅粉体。
进一步地，所述结合剂为线性酚醛树脂、硅酸乙酯、糠醛树脂中的任意一种或多种的任意比组合，所述造孔剂为甲基丙烯酸甲脂。
说明：线性酚醛树脂对高温、水有很好的抵抗性，还不易燃烧，耐酸性也较好；硅酸乙酯可防腐防水；糠醛树脂具有突出的耐碱、耐酸、耐溶剂和耐热等优良性能。
上述任意一种等离子炉用的内衬致密材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、混合原料：
将除增韧剂外的各组分原料经过前处理后，通过冷等静压的方式压制成型得到块状体；
S2、放电等离子烧结：
将步骤S2中得到的块状体放入放电等离子烧结装置中，抽真空后通电烧结，轴向压力为50～130MPa，在第一阶段，以60～80℃/min的升温速率将烧结温度升至700～750℃，得到半烧结体；
在第二阶段，将升温速率调至为30～50℃/min，将所述增韧剂雾化后喷洒至所述半烧结体上，直至烧结温度升至1000～1200℃后再次抽真空，保温5～8h后冷却至室温得到烧结体；
所述增韧剂为质量比为1：1：0.2～0.3：15的氧化锆粉、氧化钙粉、聚乙烯亚胺、蒸馏水；雾化方法为：将氧化锆粉、氧化钙粉、聚乙烯亚胺、蒸馏水混合均匀后放入进口温度为155～160℃的喷雾干燥机中，再在0.06～0.08MPa的压强下，以0.01～0.04cm3/min的速率雾化喷出；
S3、交替浸渍：
将所述烧结体放入改性浸渍液中交替浸渍，所述交替浸渍的方式为：先使烧结体进行旋转浸渍，再使烧结体进行压力浸渍，交替浸渍3～5次；
所述旋转浸渍的旋转速率为50～60r/min，单次浸渍时间为45～50min；所述压力浸渍的压力为1.5～2.5MPa，单次浸渍时间为55～60min；
S4、热处理：
将浸渍完成的烧结体放入烘箱中，加热温度为150～250℃，加热时间为1～2h，保温1.5～3h后随炉冷却至室温，得到所述内衬致密材料。
进一步地，步骤S1中，所述冷等静压的压力为100～110MPa，压制时长为25～30min。
说明：在一定的范围内，压力增大有利于压坯密度的提高，但在接近密度的极限值时，再提高压制压力无助于密度进一步提高，且易出现层裂或损坏模具；压力过小会导致压坯密度不均匀。
进一步地，步骤S1中，所述前处理的方式为：将各组分粉末先在湿度为40～50％的氩气流中混匀，再加入球磨机中以160～180r/min的速率球磨21～22h。
说明：通过在合适湿度的惰性气体气流中混合，能够提高粉末的粘结性，从而提高粉末后续的混合致密程度，减少粉末损耗率；通过球磨可以在密闭机内进行，没有尘灰飞扬。
进一步地，步骤S2中，通电烧结前以及烧结至最高温度后，抽真空的真空度为5～7Pa。
说明：抽真空保持上述真空度，可以使放电等离子烧结处于一个较纯净的真空环境中，减少氧气带来的物料氧化影响。
进一步地，步骤S3中，所述改性浸渍液按质量份数计包括8～10份的乙烯基硅烷浸渍液、5～6份的甲基丙烯酸以及0.5～1份的己二酸二甲酯。
说明：硅烷浸渍液具有优良的耐化学性、耐磨性、耐沾污性，具有自洁功效，同时保持材料的透气性，可有效防止基材因渗水、日照、酸雨和海水的侵蚀而对内部结构的腐蚀，延长材料的使用寿命，且具有优异的渗透深度；硅烷浸渍液通过与作为不饱和有机酸的甲基丙烯酸以及己二酸二甲酯混合作为改性浸渍液，能够提高浸渍液渗透材料的渗透速度以及提高对材料的吸附活性。
进一步地，步骤S3结束后，通过等离子喷涂的方式，向浸渍完成的烧结体上部表面喷涂为内衬厚度0.2～0.4％的致密涂层，喷涂结束后在流速为15～20L/min的二氧化钛悬浮液下淋洗12～15min；
所述等离子喷涂的参数包括喷涂距离72～75mm，送粉量2.8～3.2rpm，喷枪速率300～350mm/s，喷涂电压35～37V，喷涂电流780～800A。
说明：烧结体上部喷涂涂层能够提高其耐水蒸气腐蚀性，等离子制备的涂层较致密孔隙率低且涂层的结合强度较高，涂层表面比较平整光滑，对基体性能的影响较小，不会破坏基体的组织结构；涂层纯度高，致密性好，涂层和基体的结合牢固，涂层性能不受基体材质影响；通过在二氧化钛悬浮液下淋洗可以增强材料致密程度的同时，增强涂层与材料的结合力。
进一步地，所述致密涂层的组分按质量份数计包括8～10份的镁铝尖晶石粉体、5～8份的白刚玉粉体以及25～35份的硅酸盐水泥。
说明：镁铝尖晶石具有硬度高，耐高温，化学稳定性好，耐磨，耐腐蚀等特点，具有较好的相容性，适合高温过程，生长的薄膜内应力较小，高温过程生长条件能获得较大晶粒尺寸的薄膜；白刚玉纯度高、发热量小、效率高、耐酸碱腐蚀、耐高温热稳定性好；硅酸盐水泥早期强度高、凝结硬化快。
本发明的有益效果是：
(1)本发明内衬致密材料通过添加造孔剂使碳化硅与六铝酸钙复合制成多孔致密材料，提高材料内部致密度，从而具有优异的抗渣侵蚀性；且通过添加二氧化钛提高了碳化硅的高温抗氧化性能，并降低二氧化硅的粘度，提高材料的抗氧化性能与力学性能；添加碳化钒对晶粒进行调节，从而提高材料的致密性；并且通过添加少量增韧剂，在提高材料致密性能的同时提高材料的抗断裂性和抗热震性。
(2)本发明内衬致密材料的制备方法通过在放电等离子烧结时，分两个阶段升温，能够使晶粒扩散更加均匀，从而提高材料密度，从而增强材料的致密程度；且通过在第二阶段向半烧结体喷雾处理，使增韧剂的喷雾填补半烧结体中的空隙，提高半烧结体的密度，从而增强材料的致密性能以及高温抗断裂性能。
(3)本发明内衬致密材料的制备方法通过在改性浸渍液中交替浸渍，使材料在旋转浸渍的时候增大与改性浸渍液的接触面积，使各个面均匀浸渍，从而提高浸渍的渗透均匀度；并通过压力浸渍提高材料的密度，从而提高材料的致密性；两种浸渍方式交替进行，使材料在致密化的同时保持致密的均匀性。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式来对本发明进行更进一步详细的说明，以更好地体现本发明的优势。
实施例1
一种等离子炉用的内衬致密材料，所述内衬致密材料按质量百分比计包括以下组分：25％的六铝酸钙细粉、4.5％的硅粉、6.5％的铝粉、1.0％的二氧化钛粉、1.5％的氧化铝粉、1.0％的二氧化硅粉、1.5％的碳化钒细粉、0.08％的增韧剂、0.4％的造孔剂、7.5％的结合剂以及余量的碳化硅粉体；
所述结合剂为线性酚醛树脂，所述造孔剂为甲基丙烯酸甲脂；
上述等离子炉用的内衬致密材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、混合原料：
将除增韧剂外的各组分原料经过前处理后，通过冷等静压的方式压制成型得到块状体；
所述前处理的方式为：将各组分粉末先在湿度为45％的氩气流中混匀，再加入球磨机中以170r/min的速率球磨21.5h；
所述冷等静压的压力为105MPa，压制时长为28min；
S2、放电等离子烧结：
将步骤S2中得到的块状体放入放电等离子烧结装置中，抽真空至真空度为6Pa后通电烧结，轴向压力为90MPa，在第一阶段，以70℃/min的升温速率将烧结温度升至730℃，得到半烧结体；
在第二阶段，将升温速率调至为40℃/min，将所述增韧剂雾化后喷洒至所述半烧结体上，直至烧结温度升至1100℃后再次抽真空至真空度为6Pa，保温6.5h后冷却至室温得到烧结体；
所述增韧剂为质量比为1：1：0.25：15的氧化锆粉、氧化钙粉、聚乙烯亚胺、蒸馏水；雾化方法为：将氧化锆粉、氧化钙粉、聚乙烯亚胺、蒸馏水混合均匀后放入进口温度为158℃的喷雾干燥机中，再在0.07MPa的压强下，以0.02cm3/min的速率雾化喷出；
S3、交替浸渍：
将所述烧结体放入改性浸渍液中交替浸渍，所述改性浸渍液按质量份数计包括9份的乙烯基硅烷浸渍液、5.5份的甲基丙烯酸以及0.8份的己二酸二甲酯；
所述交替浸渍的方式为：先使烧结体进行旋转浸渍，再使烧结体进行压力浸渍，交替浸渍4次；
所述旋转浸渍的旋转速率为55r/min，单次浸渍时间为48min；所述压力浸渍的压力为2.0MPa，单次浸渍时间为58min；
S4、热处理：
将浸渍完成的烧结体放入烘箱中，加热温度为200℃，加热时间为1.5h，保温2h后随炉冷却至室温，得到所述内衬致密材料。
实施例2
本实施例与实施例1不同之处在于，所述内衬致密材料按质量百分比计包括以下组分：30％的六铝酸钙细粉、3％的硅粉、6％的铝粉、0.5％的二氧化钛粉、1％的氧化铝粉、0.5％的二氧化硅粉、1％的碳化钒细粉、0.05％的增韧剂、0.3％的造孔剂、7％的结合剂以及余量的碳化硅粉体；
所述结合剂为硅酸乙酯，所述增韧剂为质量比为1：1：0.2：15的氧化锆粉、氧化钙粉、聚乙烯亚胺、蒸馏水。
实施例3
本实施例与实施例1不同之处在于，所述内衬致密材料按质量百分比计包括以下组分：20％的六铝酸钙细粉、6％的硅粉、7％的铝粉、1.5％的二氧化钛粉、2％的氧化铝粉、1.5％的二氧化硅粉、2％的碳化钒细粉、0.1％的增韧剂、0.5％的造孔剂、8％的结合剂以及余量的碳化硅粉体；
所述结合剂为质量比为2：1：1的线性酚醛树脂、硅酸乙酯、糠醛树脂，所述增韧剂为质量比为1：1：0.3：15的氧化锆粉、氧化钙粉、聚乙烯亚胺、蒸馏水。
实施例4
本实施例与实施例1不同之处在于，步骤S1中，所述前处理的方式为：将各组分粉末先在湿度为40％的氩气流中混匀，再加入球磨机中以160r/min的速率球磨21h。
实施例5
本实施例与实施例1不同之处在于，步骤S1中，所述前处理的方式为：将各组分粉末先在湿度为50％的氩气流中混匀，再加入球磨机中以180r/min的速率球磨22h。
实施例6
本实施例与实施例1不同之处在于，步骤S1中，冷等静压的压力为100MPa，压制时长为25min。
实施例7
本实施例与实施例1不同之处在于，步骤S1中，冷等静压的压力为110MPa，压制时长为30min。
实施例8
本实施例与实施例1不同之处在于，步骤S2中，抽真空至真空度为5Pa后通电烧结，轴向压力为50MPa，在第一阶段，以60℃/min的升温速率将烧结温度升至700℃，得到半烧结体；在第二阶段，升温速率调至为30℃/min，烧结温度升至1000℃。
实施例9
本实施例与实施例1不同之处在于，步骤S2中，抽真空至真空度为7Pa后通电烧结，轴向压力为130MPa，在第一阶段，以80℃/min的升温速率将烧结温度升至750℃，得到半烧结体；在第二阶段，升温速率调至为50℃/min，烧结温度升至1200℃。
实施例10
本实施例与实施例1不同之处在于，步骤S2中，增韧剂的雾化方法为：将氧化锆粉、氧化钙粉、聚乙烯亚胺、蒸馏水混合均匀后放入进口温度为155℃的喷雾干燥机中，再在0.06MPa的压强下，以0.01cm3/min的速率雾化喷出。
实施例11
本实施例与实施例1不同之处在于，步骤S2中，增韧剂的雾化方法为：将氧化锆粉、氧化钙粉、聚乙烯亚胺、蒸馏水混合均匀后放入进口温度为160℃的喷雾干燥机中，再在0.08MPa的压强下，以0.04cm3/min的速率雾化喷出。
实施例12
本实施例与实施例1不同之处在于，步骤S3中，交替浸渍3次，所述旋转浸渍的旋转速率为50r/min，单次浸渍时间为45min；所述压力浸渍的压力为1.5MPa，单次浸渍时间为55min。
实施例13
本实施例与实施例1不同之处在于，步骤S3中，交替浸渍5次，所述旋转浸渍的旋转速率为60r/min，单次浸渍时间为50min；所述压力浸渍的压力为2.5MPa，单次浸渍时间为60min。
实施例14
本实施例与实施例1不同之处在于，步骤S4中，加热温度为150℃，加热时间为1h，保温1.5h。
实施例15
本实施例与实施例1不同之处在于，步骤S4中，加热温度为250℃，加热时间为2h，保温3h。
实施例16
本实施例与实施例1不同之处在于，步骤S3中，所述改性浸渍液按质量份数计包括8份的乙烯基硅烷浸渍液、6份的甲基丙烯酸以及1份的己二酸二甲酯。
实施例17
本实施例与实施例1不同之处在于，步骤S3中，所述改性浸渍液按质量份数计包括10份的乙烯基硅烷浸渍液、5份的甲基丙烯酸以及0.5份的己二酸二甲酯。
实施例18
本实施例与实施例1不同之处在于，步骤S3结束后，通过等离子喷涂的方式，向浸渍完成的烧结体上部表面喷涂为内衬厚度0.3％的致密涂层，喷涂结束后在流速为18L/min的二氧化钛悬浮液下淋洗13min；
所述等离子喷涂的参数包括喷涂距离73mm，送粉量3.0rpm，喷枪速率325mm/s，喷涂电压36V，喷涂电流790A；
所述致密涂层的组分按质量份数计包括9份的镁铝尖晶石粉体、6.5份的白刚玉粉体以及30份的硅酸盐水泥。
实施例19
本实施例与实施例18不同之处在于，致密涂层的厚度为内衬厚度的0.2％，所述致密涂层的组分按质量份数计包括8份的镁铝尖晶石粉体、8份的白刚玉粉体以及35份的硅酸盐水泥。
实施例20
本实施例与实施例18不同之处在于，致密涂层的厚度为内衬厚度的0.4％，所述致密涂层的组分按质量份数计包括10份的镁铝尖晶石粉体、5份的白刚玉粉体以及25份的硅酸盐水泥。
实施例21
本实施例与实施例18不同之处在于，等离子喷涂的参数包括喷涂距离72mm，送粉量2.8rpm，喷枪速率300mm/s，喷涂电压35V，喷涂电流780A。
实施例22
本实施例与实施例18不同之处在于，等离子喷涂的参数包括喷涂距离75mm，送粉量3.2rpm，喷枪速率350mm/s，喷涂电压37V，喷涂电流800A。
实施例23
本实施例与实施例18不同之处在于，喷涂结束后在流速为15L/min的二氧化钛悬浮液下淋洗12min。
实施例24
本实施例与实施例18不同之处在于，喷涂结束后在流速为20L/min的二氧化钛悬浮液下淋洗15min。
实验例
针对各个实施例所制备的内衬致密材料，分别取各实施例的样件5个，以测试内衬致密材料的抗渣性能，每个实施例的5个样件在1700℃下的侵蚀率测量结果取平均值，作为该实施例的性能测量结果，具体探究如下：
1、探究内衬致密材料的组分占比以及制备过程中的参数对内衬致密材料在1700℃下的侵蚀率的影响。
以实施例1-24以及对照例1-3作为实验对比，结果如表1所示：
表1实施例以及对照例对内衬致密材料在1700℃下的侵蚀率(％)的影响
对照例1与实施例1不同之处在于，将增韧剂与其他组分一同压制成型；
对照例2与实施例1不同之处在于，增韧剂为质量比为1：1：15的氧化锆粉、氧化钙粉、蒸馏水；
对照例3与实施例18不同之处在于，致密涂层喷涂结束后不进行淋洗；
通过表1数据对比可知，实施例1与对照例1-2对比，缺少增韧剂的雾化喷洒以及增韧剂中缺少聚乙烯亚胺的组分都将降低内衬致密材料的致密度，从而侵蚀率增大；实施例18与对照例3对比可知，当缺少二氧化钛悬浮液的淋洗这一步骤，侵蚀率也有所增大，降低了内衬致密材料的致密度；
对比实施例1-17可知，内衬致密材料的组分占比不同或改性浸渍液的组分占比，均会影响内衬致密材料被侵蚀的程度；前处理的参数以及冷等静压的参数过大或过小、等离子放电烧结中烧结升温速率过快或过慢、升温温度过高或过低、增韧剂雾化过重或雾化过浅、交替浸渍的频率过快或过慢均会增大内衬致密材料被侵蚀的程度；热处理温度更高时间更长导致内衬致密材料致密度更高，侵蚀率降低但降低幅度太小，因此相对而言还是实施例1效果更优；
对比实施例1、实施例18-24可知，通过等离子喷涂涂层后，内衬致密材料的致密度明显上升，即侵蚀率明显下降；致密涂层的组分占比会影响侵蚀的程度，且致密涂层过厚或过薄、等离子喷涂的参数过高或过低、淋洗的流速过快或过慢、淋洗时间过短或过长均会增大内衬致密材料被侵蚀的程度；
因此整体对比而言，实施例18的效果相对更优。
Claims (10)
1.一种等离子炉用的内衬致密材料，其特征在于，所述内衬致密材料按质量百分比计包括以下组分：20～30％的六铝酸钙细粉、3～6％的硅粉、6～7％的铝粉、0.5～1.5％的二氧化钛粉、1～2％的氧化铝粉、0.5～1.5％的二氧化硅粉、1～2％的碳化钒细粉、0.05～0.1％的增韧剂、0.3～0.5％的造孔剂、7～8％的结合剂以及余量的碳化硅粉体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种等离子炉用的内衬致密材料，其特征在于，所述结合剂为线性酚醛树脂、硅酸乙酯、糠醛树脂中的任意一种或多种的任意比组合，所述造孔剂为甲基丙烯酸甲脂。
3.根据权利要求1～2任意一项所述的一种等离子炉用的内衬致密材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1、混合原料：
将除增韧剂外的各组分原料经过前处理后，通过冷等静压的方式压制成型得到块状体；
S2、放电等离子烧结：
将步骤S2中得到的块状体放入放电等离子烧结装置中，抽真空后通电烧结，轴向压力为50～130MPa，在第一阶段，以60～80℃/min的升温速率将烧结温度升至700～750℃，得到半烧结体；
在第二阶段，将升温速率调至为30～50℃/min，将所述增韧剂雾化后喷洒至所述半烧结体上，直至烧结温度升至1000～1200℃后再次抽真空，保温5～8h后冷却至室温得到烧结体；
所述增韧剂为质量比为1：1：0.2～0.3：15的氧化锆粉、氧化钙粉、聚乙烯亚胺、蒸馏水；雾化方法为：将氧化锆粉、氧化钙粉、聚乙烯亚胺、蒸馏水混合均匀后放入进口温度为155～160℃的喷雾干燥机中，再在0.06～0.08MPa的压强下，以0.01～0.04cm3/min的速率雾化喷出；
S3、交替浸渍：
将所述烧结体放入改性浸渍液中交替浸渍，所述交替浸渍的方式为：先使烧结体进行旋转浸渍，再使烧结体进行压力浸渍，交替浸渍3～5次；
所述旋转浸渍的旋转速率为50～60r/min，单次浸渍时间为45～50min；所述压力浸渍的压力为1.5～2.5MPa，单次浸渍时间为55～60min；
S4、热处理：
将浸渍完成的烧结体放入烘箱中，加热温度为150～250℃，加热时间为1～2h，保温1.5～3h后随炉冷却至室温，得到所述内衬致密材料。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种等离子炉用的内衬致密材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S1中，所述冷等静压的压力为100～110MPa，压制时长为25～30min。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种等离子炉用的内衬致密材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S1中，所述前处理的方式为：将各组分粉末先在湿度为40～50％的氩气流中混匀，再加入球磨机中以160～180r/min的速率球磨21～22h。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种等离子炉用的内衬致密材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S2中，通电烧结前以及烧结至最高温度后，抽真空的真空度为5～7Pa。
7.根据权利要求3所述的一种等离子炉用的内衬致密材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S3中，所述改性浸渍液按质量份数计包括8～10份的乙烯基硅烷浸渍液、5～6份的甲基丙烯酸以及0.5～1份的己二酸二甲酯。
8.根据权利要求3所述的一种等离子炉用的内衬致密材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S3结束后，通过等离子喷涂的方式，向浸渍完成的烧结体上部表面喷涂为内衬厚度0.2～0.4％的致密涂层，喷涂结束后在流速为15～20L/min的二氧化钛悬浮液下淋洗12～15min；
所述等离子喷涂的参数包括喷涂距离72～75mm，送粉量2.8～3.2rpm，喷枪速率300～350mm/s，喷涂电压35～37V，喷涂电流780～800A。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种等离子炉用的内衬致密材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述致密涂层的组分按质量份数计包括8～10份的镁铝尖晶石粉体、5～8份的白刚玉粉体以及25～35份的硅酸盐水泥。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种等离子炉用的内衬致密材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述增韧剂为质量比为1：1：0.2～0.3：15的氧化锆粉、氧化钙粉、聚乙烯亚胺、蒸馏水。
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