CN116063063B - 一种抗侵蚀性定型耐火材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种抗侵蚀性定型耐火材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN116063063B
CN116063063B CN202310138051.XA CN202310138051A CN116063063B CN 116063063 B CN116063063 B CN 116063063B CN 202310138051 A CN202310138051 A CN 202310138051A CN 116063063 B CN116063063 B CN 116063063B
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张国华
张德志
庄钧营
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Dacheng Hongda High Temperature Material Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及耐火材料技术领域，提出了一种抗侵蚀性定型耐火材料及其制备方法，包括以下重量份组分：氧化铝25‑30份、二氧化钛8‑12份、氧化铬8‑12份、氧化镁6‑10份、氧化钙6‑10份、预处理碳纳米管15‑20份、结合剂3‑6份；所述预处理碳纳米管为碳纳米管经处理剂处理得到；所述处理剂为4‑(三甲基甲硅烷基)苯甲醚、聚碳硅烷和二甲苯溶液。通过上述技术方案，解决了现有技术中的耐火材料耐压强度差的问题。

Description

一种抗侵蚀性定型耐火材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及耐火材料技术领域，具体的，涉及一种抗侵蚀性定型耐火材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
耐火材料属无机非金属材料，广泛应用于钢铁、有色金属、玻璃、水泥、陶瓷、石化、机械、锅炉、轻工、电力、军工等国民经济的各个领域，是保证上述产业生产运行和技术发展必不可少的基本材料，在高温工业生产发展中起着不可替代的重要作用。耐火材料按照状态可分为定形耐火材料和不定形耐火材料，定型耐火材料是原材料经过压制工艺成型，经过高温烧制或免烧烘干，形状已经确定的不能改变的耐火材料。因为耐火材料主要由无机非金属材料组成，所以耐火材料存在耐压强度差的问题，会导致耐火材料寿命下降，限制耐火材料的应用，因此需要提高耐火材料的耐压强度。
发明内容
本发明提出一种抗侵蚀性定型耐火材料及其制备方法，解决了相关技术中的耐火材料耐压强度差的问题。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种抗侵蚀性定型耐火材料，包括以下重量份组分：氧化铝25-30份、二氧化钛8-12份、氧化铬8-12份、氧化镁6-10份、氧化钙6-10份、预处理碳纳米管15-20份、结合剂3-6份；所述预处理碳纳米管为碳纳米管经处理剂处理得到；所述处理剂为4-(三甲基甲硅烷基)苯甲醚、聚碳硅烷和二甲苯溶液。
作为进一步技术方案，所述预处理碳纳米管的制备方法为：将碳纳米管加入到处理剂中分散后，经抽滤、烘干，得到预处理碳纳米管。
作为进一步技术方案，所述处理剂中4-(三甲基甲硅烷基)苯甲醚、聚碳硅烷和二甲苯溶液的质量比为(1.1-1.3):(0.7-0.9):15。
作为进一步技术方案，所述结合剂包括以下组分：环氧树脂粘结剂、聚氨酯粘结剂、环氧硬脂酸丁酯。
作为进一步技术方案，所述环氧硬脂酸丁酯的质量为结合剂总质量的2％-5％。
作为进一步技术方案，所述环氧树脂粘结剂和聚氨酯粘结剂的质量比为1:2。
本发明还包括一种抗侵蚀性定型耐火材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、称所述的耐火材料各组分，备用；
S2、将耐火材料各组分混合后，得到混合物I；
S3、将混合物I压制成型后，干燥，经烧结得到耐火材料。
作为进一步技术方案，所述S3中干燥温度为110-120℃，干燥时间为24-36h。
作为进一步技术方案，所述S3中煅烧温度为1200-1450℃，煅烧时间为6-10h。
本发明的工作原理及有益效果为：
1、本发明耐火材料中添加碳纳米管，可以提高耐火材料的耐压强度，但碳纳米管抗氧化性能差，与氧化物混合过程中容易团聚，本发明中4-(三甲基甲硅烷基)苯甲醚和聚碳硅烷的加入不仅提高了碳纳米管的分散性能，并且还可以提高耐火材料的抗氧化性能和抗侵蚀性。
2、本发明采用环氧树脂粘合剂和聚氨酯粘结剂作为结合剂，有机结合剂高温分解后能成型碳结合相，提高耐火材料的耐压强度，但是耐火材料为无机物，具有亲水型基团，而有机粘结剂，具有憎水性因此界面之间的粘结性较差，本发明在结合剂中加入环氧硬脂酸丁酯，可以提高界面间的粘结性，提高耐火材料各组分间的粘结性，提高耐火材料的抗氧化性和抗侵蚀性，而且还能提高环氧树脂粘合剂和聚氨酯粘结剂之间的混合效果，更进一步提高各组分间的粘结性。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都涉及本发明保护的范围。
下述实施例及对比例中，YJ-P100聚氨酯胶黏剂、YP-450聚氨酯胶黏剂均购自上海誉江新材料科技有限；E-51环氧树脂胶黏剂购自广州市阳航化工有限公司。
实施例1
将氧化铝25份、二氧化钛8份、氧化铬8份、氧化镁6份、氧化钙6份、预处理碳纳米管15份、结合剂3份混合后，得到混合料，将混合料于110MPa压力下机压成型后，在110℃干燥36h后，在1200℃烧结10h，烧结完成后自然冷却至室温，制得耐火材料。其中结合剂的制备方法为：将50g E-51环氧树脂胶黏剂、100g YJ-P100聚氨酯胶黏剂和3g环氧硬脂酸丁酯混合得到结合剂；其中预处理碳纳米管的制备方法为：将10g碳纳米管加入到200g处理剂(13.1g 4-(三甲基甲硅烷基)苯甲醚、8.4g聚碳硅烷和178.5g二甲苯溶液)中超声分散30min后，经真空抽滤、45℃烘干1.5h，得到预处理碳纳米管。
实施例2
将氧化铝30份、二氧化钛12份、氧化铬12份、氧化镁10份、氧化钙10份、预处理碳纳米管20份、结合剂6份混合后，得到混合料，将混合料于110MPa压力下机压成型后，在120℃干燥24h后，在1450℃烧结6h，烧结完成后自然冷却至室温，制得耐火材料。其中结合剂的制备方法为：将50g E-51环氧树脂胶黏剂、100g YP-450聚氨酯胶黏剂和4.5g环氧硬脂酸丁酯混合得到结合剂；其中预处理碳纳米管的制备方法为：将10g碳纳米管加入到200g处理剂(14.2g 4-(三甲基甲硅烷基)苯甲醚、9.4g聚碳硅烷和176.4g二甲苯溶液)中超声分散30min后，经真空抽滤、45℃烘干1.5h，得到预处理碳纳米管。
实施例3
将氧化铝27份、二氧化钛10份、氧化铬10份、氧化镁8份、氧化钙8份、预处理碳纳米管18份、结合剂5份混合后，得到混合料，将混合料于110MPa压力下机压成型后，在115℃干燥30h后，在1400℃烧结8h，烧结完成后自然冷却至室温，制得耐火材料。其中结合剂的制备方法为：将50g E-51环氧树脂胶黏剂、100gYP-450聚氨酯胶黏剂和7.5g环氧硬脂酸丁酯混合得到结合剂；其中预处理碳纳米管的制备方法为：将10碳纳米管加入到200g处理剂(15.2g 4-(三甲基甲硅烷基)苯甲醚、10.5g聚碳硅烷和174.3g二甲苯溶液)中超声分散30min后，经真空抽滤、45℃烘干1.5h，得到预处理碳纳米管。
实施例4
与实施例1相比，实施例4的不同之处在于处理剂为14.2g 4-(三甲基甲硅烷基)苯甲醚、9.4g聚碳硅烷和176.4g二甲苯溶液。
实施例5
与实施例1相比，实施例5的不同之处在于处理剂为15.2g 4-(三甲基甲硅烷基)苯甲醚、10.5g聚碳硅烷和174.3g二甲苯溶液。
对比例1
与实施例1相比，对比例1不添加环氧硬脂酸丁酯，其他与实施例1相同。
对比例2
与实施例1相比，对比例2中碳纳米管不经处理剂处理，其他与实施例1相同。
对比例3
与实施例1相比，对比例3中处理剂中不添加4-(三甲基甲硅烷基)苯甲醚，其他与实施例1相同。
对比例4
与实施例1相比，对比例4中处理剂不添加聚碳硅烷，其他与实施例1相同。
试验例1
对实施例1-5及对比例1-4制备得到的耐火材料进行性能测定，测定方法如下：
耐压强度：依据GB/T 5072-2008《耐火材料常温耐压强度试验方法》测定耐火材料的常温耐压强度；脱碳层厚度：依据GB/T 13244-1991《含碳耐火材料抗氧化性试验方法》测定耐火材料在1400℃保温2h后的脱碳层厚度；
抗侵蚀性测定：将8.32g钢渣放入φ50mm×50mm的坩埚试样内，置于电烧炉至1600℃，保温45min，待电炉完全冷却后取出，将坩埚对称地切成两半，以底平面为基准测量渣渗透的最大深度；
测定结果见表1。
表1耐火材料性能测定结果
耐压强度(MPa) 脱碳层厚度(mm) 侵蚀深度(mm)
实施例1 115 3.2 10.4
实施例2 112 2.2 9.1
实施例3 121 2.5 9.5
实施例4 119 2.7 9.7
实施例5 116 2.9 10.2
对比例1 102 3.7 13.4
对比例2 112 4.9 16.5
对比例3 107 3.6 12.2
对比例4 109 4.1 12.5
与实施例1相比，对比例1不添加环氧硬脂酸丁酯，结果制备得到的耐火材料的耐压强度、抗氧化性和抗侵蚀性均低于实施例1，对比例2中碳纳米管不经过处理剂处理，对比例3处理剂中不添加4-(三甲基甲硅烷基)苯甲醚，对比例4中不添加聚碳硅烷，结果对比例2-4制备得到的耐火材料的耐压强度、抗氧化性和抗侵蚀性均低于实施例1，说明碳纳米管经聚碳硅烷和4-(三甲基甲硅烷基)苯甲醚处理后，可以提高耐火材料的力学性能，并且聚碳硅烷和4-(三甲基甲硅烷基)苯甲醚共同对碳纳米管进行处理的效果优于聚碳硅烷和4-(三甲基甲硅烷基)苯甲醚中的任意一种对碳纳米管进行处理。
以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种抗侵蚀性定型耐火材料，其特征在于，原料由以下重量份组分组成：氧化铝25-30份、二氧化钛8-12份、氧化铬8-12份、氧化镁6-10份、氧化钙6-10份、预处理碳纳米管15-20份、结合剂3-6份；所述预处理碳纳米管为碳纳米管经处理剂处理得到；所述处理剂为4-(三甲基甲硅烷基)苯甲醚、聚碳硅烷和二甲苯溶液；所述处理剂中4-(三甲基甲硅烷基)苯甲醚、聚碳硅烷和二甲苯溶液的质量比为（1.1-1.3）:（0.7-0.9）:15；
所述结合剂包括以下组分：环氧树脂粘结剂、聚氨酯粘结剂、环氧硬脂酸丁酯；
所述环氧硬脂酸丁酯的质量为结合剂总质量的2%-5%；
所述抗侵蚀性定型耐火材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、称取原料中各组分，备用；
S2、将耐火材料各组分混合后，得到混合物I；
S3、将混合物I压制成型后，干燥，经烧结得到耐火材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗侵蚀性定型耐火材料，其特征在于，所述预处理碳纳米管的制备方法为：将碳纳米管加入到处理剂中分散后，经抽滤、烘干，得到预处理碳纳米管。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗侵蚀性定型耐火材料，其特征在于，所述环氧树脂粘结剂和聚氨酯粘结剂的质量比为1:2。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗侵蚀性定型耐火材料，其特征在于，所述S3中干燥温度为110-120℃，干燥时间为24-36h。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗侵蚀性定型耐火材料，其特征在于，所述S3中煅烧温度为1200-1450℃，煅烧时间为6-10h。
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