CN116048153A - Measuring device and measuring method for comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of heat insulation module in enclosure system - Google Patents
Measuring device and measuring method for comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of heat insulation module in enclosure system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 377
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 187
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 86
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention relates to a measuring device for the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of an adiabatic module in a containment system, which comprises an air supply system (1), a low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin (3), a comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box (4), a vacuum pump (2) and a computer control recording system (5), wherein the containment system adiabatic module is placed in the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box (4), the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box (4) is suspended in the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin (3), the air supply system (1) and the vacuum pump (2) are both connected to the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin (3), and the computer control recording system (5) is connected to the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box (4) through a circuit. The measuring device and the corresponding measuring method provided by the invention can accurately measure the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module of the enclosure system at-190 ℃ to room temperature, and have the advantages of strong pertinence and accurate measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of LNG ship construction, in particular to a measurement device and a measurement method for the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of an insulation module in a containment system.
Background
Liquefied natural gas (liquefied natural gas, LNG) containment systems are one of the important equipment in LNG storage and transportation processes, and good heat insulation capability is required to reduce evaporation loss of LNG caused by heat leakage in the LNG storage and transportation processes. The LNG enclosure system is composed of heat insulation modules with different structures and sizes and connecting pieces, so that the heat-conducting performance of the heat insulation modules directly determines the heat insulation performance of the enclosure system, and the development of the study on the heat insulation performance of the heat insulation structure modules of the LNG enclosure system under the low-temperature condition is the basis for the optimization design of the evaporation rate of the whole enclosure system and the heat insulation performance of the enclosure system.
The comprehensive heat conductivity of the object is a physical quantity for measuring the heat conductivity of the object, and the heat conductivity of the object can be directly reflected. The heat insulation module is formed by stacking a plurality of different materials, is a typical structure with a heterogeneous structure, and forms heat flow and uneven surface temperature which are conducted in the heat insulation module due to uneven internal structure in the heat transfer process; in addition, the LNG containment system insulation module is generally used at low temperature (-163 ℃), so that the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measurement is very difficult.
Although various methods and devices for measuring the heat conductivity coefficient exist at present, the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module of the LNG containment system cannot be measured under the low-temperature condition due to the limitation of the size and the shape, and the prior art lacks the method and the device for measuring the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module of the engineering of the existing containment system.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior heat conduction coefficient measurement technology of the heat insulation modules and based on the geometric structure characteristics of each heat insulation module of the LNG enclosure system, the invention provides a measurement device for the comprehensive heat conduction coefficient of the heat insulation modules in the LNG enclosure system. The measuring device is used for accurately measuring the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module of the LNG containment system at-190-room temperature.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a measuring device for the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of an adiabatic module in a containment system, which comprises a low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin, a comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box and a computer system; the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin with a cuboid structure is composed of a cabin body and a cabin door (15), wherein the cabin door is fixed with the cabin body through a cabin door fixing device, the cabin body is connected with an air supply system and a vacuum pump, and the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box is arranged in the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin; a sample made of an adiabatic module is placed in the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box, and a liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate, a temperature sensor and a metering hot plate are arranged around the sample in the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box; the control module of the air supply system and the vacuum pump is connected with the computer system through wires respectively; the temperature sensor, the metering hot plate and the temperature-adjustable thermal protection layer which are arranged in the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box are connected with the computer system through wires; the computer system is provided with a control unit and a calculation unit, the control unit is respectively connected with a control module of the air supply system and the vacuum pump, the calculation unit records the current and the voltage input into the metering hot plate in a stable state and the temperatures measured by the temperature sensors on the surfaces of the cold end and the hot end of the sample, calculates the average temperatures of the surfaces of the cold end and the hot end respectively according to the recorded temperatures, and calculates the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module within the range of-163 ℃ to-133 ℃ according to a formula (1):
wherein lambda is the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the sample, and the unit is W/(m DEG C); u and I are respectively the voltage and current input into the metering hot plate in the thermal steady state, and the units are V and A; d is the thickness of the sample, and the unit is m; t (T) h The average temperature of the upper surface of the sample in contact with the metering hot plate is given in DEG C; t (T) c The average temperature in degrees celsius of the sample's contact surface with the cold plate.
In the measuring device for the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in the enclosure system, a temperature-adjustable heat protection layer, a top heat protection layer and an edge heat protection layer are further arranged around the sample in the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box.
In the measuring device for the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in the enclosure system, the periphery of the sample and the periphery of the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate are provided with edge heat protection, and the side length of the top heat protection is 2-2.5 times of the side length of the corresponding metering hot plate.
In the measuring device for the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in the enclosure system, the metering hot plate and the top heat protection are formed by welding and laminating two thin aluminum plates or thin aluminum alloy plates with channels, and heating wires with insulating protective sleeves are arranged in the channels.
In the measuring device for the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in the enclosure system, a low-temperature sealing block is arranged between the cabin body and the cabin door, and heat insulation layers are arranged on the wall surface of the cabin body and the wall of the cabin door.
In the measuring device for the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in the enclosure system, a liquid nitrogen/nitrogen inlet, a liquid nitrogen/nitrogen outlet, a chamber vacuumizing port and a circuit connecting port are arranged on the end surface bulkhead of the low-temperature vacuum environment control chamber, the air supply system is connected with the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen inlet and the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen outlet, the vacuum pump is connected with the chamber vacuumizing port, and the circuit of the computer system is connected with the circuit connecting port; the heat sink and the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cooling plate are connected with the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen inlet and the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen outlet, and the air supply system provides liquid nitrogen or nitrogen with set temperature and recovers the liquid nitrogen or nitrogen.
In the measuring device for the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in the enclosure system, a circuit interface is arranged on the wall surface of a box body of the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box, a liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate is arranged at the bottom of the box body, a sample is pressed right above the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate, edge heat protection is arranged on the periphery of the sample and the periphery of the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate, a measuring hot plate is pressed above the sample, top heat protection is arranged on the periphery of the measuring hot plate, a temperature-adjustable heat protection layer is arranged on the inner wall of a space box above the measuring hot plate, and the wall temperature of the temperature-adjustable heat protection layer is always consistent with the temperature of the measuring hot plate.
In the measuring device for the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in the enclosure system, a heat sink is arranged in the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin, a sliding rail, a pulley and a hoisting rope are arranged at the top of the heat sink, a lifting hook is arranged outside the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box, and the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box is connected with the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin in a hanging manner through the hoisting rope and the lifting hook.
In the measuring device for the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in the enclosure system, the heat sink and the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cooling plate are both manufactured by adopting an aluminum plate or an aluminum alloy plate, the aluminum plate or the aluminum alloy plate is provided with a liquid nitrogen/nitrogen inlet and a liquid nitrogen/nitrogen outlet, and a temperature sensor, a liquid nitrogen/nitrogen microchannel and an embedded coil are arranged in the aluminum plate or the aluminum alloy plate.
In the measuring device for the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in the enclosure system, heat-conducting glue is arranged on the contact surface between the sample and the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate and between the sample and the metering hot plate.
In the measuring device for the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in the enclosure system, the structures, the shapes and the sizes of the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box, the temperature-adjustable heat protection layer, the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate and the metering hot plate can be replaced according to the structures, the shapes and the sizes of the sample heat insulation module.
The invention also relates to a method for measuring the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in the enclosure system, which comprises the following implementation steps:
s1, measuring and recording the size and thickness of an adiabatic module serving as a sample, cleaning the surface of the sample, respectively coating heat conducting glue on the cold end and the hot end of the sample, placing the sample above a liquid nitrogen cold plate in a comprehensive heat conductivity measuring box, placing an edge heat shield around the sample and the liquid nitrogen cold plate, placing a measuring hot plate and a top heat shield at the top position of the sample, and then packaging the comprehensive heat conductivity measuring box;
s2, hanging the packaged comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box into the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin by utilizing the connection of a lifting hook on the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box and a lifting rope on the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin;
s3, connecting and checking the arrangement of each liquid nitrogen/nitrogen gas circuit, each vacuum pipeline, each circuit and each measuring element, so as to ensure that the whole system meets the design operation requirement;
s4, closing the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin, starting a vacuum pump, and removing condensed gas in the cabin and the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box; when the vacuum degree in the cabin reaches a set value, the vacuum pump is closed, the normal-temperature nitrogen valve is opened, normal-temperature nitrogen is introduced into the cabin, and condensed gas in the cabin is further replaced;
s5, after the condensed gas in the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin is replaced, introducing low-temperature nitrogen with a certain temperature into the cabin, so that the space in the cabin is quickly cooled to a set temperature; meanwhile, introducing low-temperature nitrogen with a certain temperature into a heat sink in a low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin, introducing low-temperature nitrogen with a certain temperature into a liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate in a comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box, and when the low-temperature nitrogen flow at the outlets of the heat sink and the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate is kept stable, controlling and measuring the temperatures of the cabin and the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate by adopting a control unit of a computer system, wherein when the temperatures of all points in the cabin reach a set temperature, the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate reaches the set temperature, and the precooling process is ended;
s6, after the temperatures of the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin and each detection point of the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate reach and maintain the set temperature, closing the low-temperature nitrogen valve, and stopping introducing low-temperature nitrogen into the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin; simultaneously starting a vacuum pump, closing the vacuum pump when the vacuum degree in the cabin reaches a set value, and adjusting and controlling the temperature in the cabin through a heat sink;
s7, when the temperature and the vacuum degree in the cabin are kept stable, a control unit of the computer system sets the heating power of the metering hot plate and starts the metering hot plate, a curve is drawn according to temperature data of the metering hot plate, the top heat protection plate and the sensor recorded by the computer system to observe the recorded temperature trend, the heating power of the metering hot plate is continuously regulated to gradually reduce and keep the temperature difference between the metering hot plate and the temperature of the contact surface of the metering hot plate and the hot end of the sample to reach the set temperature and keep the temperature stable;
s8, controlling the wall surface temperature of the temperature-adjustable thermal protection layer arranged in the upper space of the metering hot plate and arranged on the inner wall of the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box, so that the wall surface temperature of the temperature-adjustable thermal protection layer is consistent with the wall surface temperature of the metering hot plate at any time, and radiation heat leakage of the metering hot plate is avoided;
s9, recording the current and the voltage of the input metering hot plate in a stable state, measuring the temperature by each temperature sensor on the surfaces of the cold end and the hot end of the sample, respectively calculating the average temperature of the surfaces of the cold end and the hot end according to the recorded temperature, and finally calculating the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in a certain temperature range according to a formula (1):
wherein lambda is the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the sample, and the unit is W/(m DEG C); u and I are respectively the voltage and current input into the metering hot plate in the thermal steady state, and the units are V and A; d is the thickness of the sample, and the unit is m; t (T) h The average temperature of the upper surface of the sample in contact with the metering hot plate is given in DEG C; t (T) c The average temperature in degrees celsius of the sample's contact surface with the cold plate.
Based on the technical scheme, the measuring device and the measuring method for the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in the enclosure system provided by the invention have the following technical effects through practical application:
1. based on the existing measuring device, the invention establishes a set of system and device for measuring the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient adapting to the heat insulation module of the LNG containment system aiming at the characteristics of the constitution, the use condition, the geometry and the size of the heat insulation module of the LNG containment system, and can realize accurate measurement of the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module of the LNG containment system at low temperature (-190-room temperature).
2. In the measuring device, the metering hot plate-sample-cold plate structure provided by the invention can be used for measuring the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module under the practical application working condition, and also can be used for measuring the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in a certain temperature section.
3. The invention designs a special measuring and calculating method based on a specific measuring device to finish the measuring method of the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module, the measuring environment is controlled by a computer system to simulate the working environment of the heat insulation module, parameter measurement and recording are carried out, and a special calculating unit and a formula are used to finish the measuring of the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module, so that the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module can be obtained more accurately.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the device for measuring the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module of the enclosure system.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin in the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the low temperature vacuum environment control cabin of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the measurement box for the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the planar heat insulation module in the invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the measuring box for the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module at the corner area.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a top thermal shield structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a metering platen in the present invention.
In the figure: 1, an air supply system; 2, a vacuum pump; 3, a low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin; 4, a comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box; 5, controlling a recording system by a computer; 6, a heat insulation layer; 7, heat sink; 8, hoisting a rope; 9 sliding rails; 10 pulleys; 11 liquid nitrogen/nitrogen inlet; a 12-cabin vacuumizing port; 13 liquid nitrogen/nitrogen outlet; 14 line interfaces; 15, controlling the cabin door of the cabin under the low-temperature vacuum environment; 16 low-temperature sealing blocks; 17 cabin door fixing devices; 18 lifting hooks; 19 comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box outer wall; 20 liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate; a 21 temperature sensor; 22 samples; 23 a temperature-adjustable thermal protection layer; 24 top thermal protection; 25 gauge hotplate; 26 edge thermal protection; 27 aluminum plate or aluminum alloy plate; 28 with an insulating protective sheath.
Detailed Description
The following describes the device and method for measuring the integrated thermal conductivity of the heat insulation module in the enclosure system according to the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, so as to understand the structural composition and working procedure of the device more clearly, but not limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a measuring device for the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of an insulation module in a containment system, which comprises a low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin 3, a comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box 4 and a computer system 5. The low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin 3 with a cuboid structure is composed of a cabin body and a cabin door 15, the cabin door 15 is fixed with the cabin body through a cabin door fixing device 17, a low-temperature sealing block 16 is arranged between the cabin body and the cabin door 15, and heat insulation layers 6 are arranged on the wall surface of the cabin body and the wall of the cabin door. The cabin body is connected with an air supply system 1 and a vacuum pump 2, and the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box 4 is arranged in the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin 3. A sample 22 made of an adiabatic module is placed in the integrated thermal conductivity measuring tank 4, a liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate 20, a temperature sensor 21 and a metering hot plate 25 are arranged around the sample 22 in the integrated thermal conductivity measuring tank 4, and a temperature-adjustable thermal protection layer 23, a top thermal protection layer 24 and an edge thermal protection layer 26 are also arranged around the sample 22. The periphery of the sample 22 and the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate 20 is provided with an edge heat protection 26, and the side length of the top heat protection 24 is 2-2.5 times of the side length of the corresponding metering hot plate 25.
The control modules of the air supply system 1 and the vacuum pump 2 are respectively connected with the computer system 5 through wires, the temperature sensor 21, the metering hot plate 25 and the temperature-adjustable heat protection layer 23 which are arranged in the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measurement system 4 are connected with the computer system 5 through wires. The computer system 5 is provided with a control unit and a calculation unit, the control unit is respectively connected with the control modules of the air supply system 1 and the vacuum pump 2, the calculation unit records the current and the voltage input into the metering hot plate 25 in a stable state and the temperatures measured by the temperature sensors 21 on the cold and hot end surfaces of the sample 22, calculates the average temperatures of the cold and hot end surfaces according to the recorded temperatures, and calculates the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module within the range of-163 ℃ to-133 ℃ according to the formula (1):
wherein lambda is the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the sample, and the unit is W/(m DEG C); u and I are respectively the voltage and current input into the metering hot plate in the thermal steady state, and the units are V and A; d is the thickness of the sample, and the unit is m; t (T) h The average temperature of the upper surface of the sample in contact with the metering hot plate is given in DEG C; t (T) c The average temperature in degrees celsius of the sample's contact surface with the cold plate.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a liquid nitrogen/nitrogen inlet 11, a liquid nitrogen/nitrogen outlet 13, a chamber vacuum-pumping port 12 and a line connection port 14 are provided on the end-face wall of the low-temperature vacuum environment control chamber 3. The air supply system 1 is connected with the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen inlet 11 and the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen outlet 13, the vacuum pump 2 is connected with the chamber vacuumizing port 12, and the circuit of the computer system 5 is connected with the circuit connection port 14. The heat sink 7 and the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate 20 are connected with the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen inlet 11 and the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen outlet 13, and the air supply system 1 supplies liquid nitrogen or nitrogen with set temperature and recovers the liquid nitrogen or nitrogen.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the integrated thermal conductivity measuring box as two different structural forms is aimed at the structural forms of different heat insulation module samples. The comprehensive heat conductivity measuring box 4 is characterized in that a circuit interface is arranged on the wall surface of the box body of the comprehensive heat conductivity measuring box 4, a liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate 20 is arranged at the bottom of the box body, a sample 22 is pressed right above the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate 20, an edge heat protection 26 is arranged on the periphery of the sample 22 and the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate 20, a measuring hot plate 25 is pressed above the sample 22, a top heat protection 24 is arranged on the periphery of the measuring hot plate 25, a temperature-adjustable heat protection layer 23 is arranged on the inner wall of the box body at the upper part of the measuring hot plate 25, and the wall temperature of the temperature-adjustable heat protection layer 23 is always consistent with the temperature of the measuring hot plate 25.
In order to facilitate measurement of the insulating module sample 22, a heat sink 7 is arranged in the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin 3, a sliding rail 9, a pulley 10 and a lifting rope 8 are arranged at the top of the heat sink 7, a lifting hook 18 is arranged outside the comprehensive heat conductivity measuring box 4, and the comprehensive heat conductivity measuring box 4 is in suspension connection with the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin 3 through the lifting rope 8 and the lifting hook 18.
In the measuring device for the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in the enclosure system, the heat sink 7 and the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cooling plate 20 are both manufactured by adopting an aluminum plate or an aluminum alloy plate 27, the aluminum plate or the aluminum alloy plate 27 is provided with a liquid nitrogen/nitrogen inlet and a liquid nitrogen/nitrogen outlet, and a temperature sensor, a liquid nitrogen/nitrogen micro-channel and an embedded coil are arranged inside. In addition, heat-conducting glue is arranged on the contact surfaces between the sample 22 and the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate 20 and between the sample 22 and the metering hot plate 25.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the metering hot plate 25 and the top heat shield 24 are formed by welding and laminating two thin aluminum plates or thin aluminum alloy plates 27 with channels in which heating wires 28 with insulating protective sleeves are arranged.
Example 1
Taking the heat end of the planar heat insulation module as minus 133 ℃ and the cold end as minus 163 ℃ and the temperature difference delta T between the cold end and the hot end as 30 ℃ as an example, the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module as minus 163 ℃ to minus 133 ℃ is measured, and the implementation steps of the invention are as follows:
s1, measuring and recording the size and thickness of an adiabatic module serving as a sample, cleaning the surface of the sample, respectively coating heat conducting glue on the cold end and the hot end of the sample, placing the sample above a liquid nitrogen cold plate in a comprehensive heat conductivity measuring box, placing an edge heat shield around the sample and the liquid nitrogen cold plate, placing a measuring hot plate and a top heat shield at the top position of the sample, and then packaging the comprehensive heat conductivity measuring box;
s2, hanging the packaged comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box into the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin by utilizing the connection of a lifting hook on the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box and a lifting rope on the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin;
s3, connecting and checking the arrangement of each liquid nitrogen/nitrogen gas circuit, each vacuum pipeline, each circuit and each measuring element, so as to ensure that the whole system meets the design operation requirement;
s4, closing the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin, starting a vacuum pump, and removing condensed gas in the cabin and the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box; when the vacuum degree in the cabin is less than or equal to-60 kPa, the vacuum pump is closed, the normal-temperature nitrogen valve is opened, and normal-temperature nitrogen is introduced into the cabin to further replace condensed gas in the cabin;
s5, after replacing condensed gas in the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin, introducing low-temperature nitrogen at-150 ℃ into the cabin, and rapidly cooling the space in the cabin to-150 ℃; simultaneously, introducing low-temperature nitrogen with the temperature of-150 ℃ into a heat sink in a low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin, introducing low-temperature nitrogen with the temperature of-163 ℃ into a liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate in a comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box, and when the low-temperature nitrogen flow at the outlet of the heat sink and the outlet of the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate is kept stable, adopting a control unit of a computer system to control and measure the temperature of the cabin and the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate, and when the temperature of each point in the cabin reaches-150 ℃, the temperature of the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate reaches-163 ℃, ending the pre-cooling process;
s6, after the temperatures of the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin and each detection point of the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate reach and maintain the set temperature, closing the low-temperature nitrogen valve, and stopping introducing low-temperature nitrogen into the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin; simultaneously starting a vacuum pump, closing the vacuum pump when the vacuum degree in the cabin is less than or equal to-60 kPa, and controlling the temperature in the cabin through heat sink adjustment;
s7, when the temperature and the vacuum degree in the cabin are kept stable, a control unit of the computer system sets the heating power of the metering hot plate and starts the metering hot plate, a curve is drawn according to temperature data of the metering hot plate, the top heat protection plate and the sensor recorded by the computer system to observe the recorded temperature trend, the heating power of the metering hot plate is continuously regulated to gradually reduce and keep the temperature difference between the metering hot plate and the temperature of the contact surface of the metering hot plate and the hot end of the sample to-133 ℃ and keep the temperature stable;
s8, controlling the wall surface temperature of the temperature-adjustable thermal protection layer arranged in the upper space of the metering hot plate and arranged on the inner wall of the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box, so that the wall surface temperature of the temperature-adjustable thermal protection layer is consistent with the wall surface temperature of the metering hot plate at any time, and radiation heat leakage of the metering hot plate is avoided;
s9, recording the current and the voltage of the input metering hot plate in a stable state, measuring the temperature by each temperature sensor on the surfaces of the cold end and the hot end of the sample, respectively calculating the average temperature of the surfaces of the cold end and the hot end according to the recorded temperature, and finally calculating the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module within the range of-163 ℃ to-133 ℃ according to a formula (1):
wherein the symbol meanings and units are as follows: lambda is the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the sample, W/(m.DEG C); u and I are respectively the voltage and current input into the metering hot plate during thermal steady state, V and A; d is the thickness of the sample, m; t (T) h The average temperature of the upper surface of the sample in contact with the metering hot plate, DEG C; t (T) c The average temperature, DEG C, of the sample's contact surface with the cold plate.
While the above detailed data has been presented to illustrate specific embodiments of the invention, the invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various equivalent modifications and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these equivalent modifications and substitutions are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. The measuring device for the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in the enclosure system is characterized by comprising a low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin (3), a comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box (4) and a computer system (5);
the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin (3) with a cuboid structure is composed of a cabin body and a cabin door (15), the cabin door (15) is fixed with the cabin body through a cabin door fixing device (17), the cabin body is connected with an air supply system (1) and a vacuum pump (2), and the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box (4) is arranged in the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin (3);
a sample (22) made of an adiabatic module is placed in the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box (4), and a liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate (20), a temperature sensor (21) and a metering hot plate (25) are arranged around the sample (22) in the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box (4);
the control modules of the air supply system (1) and the vacuum pump (2) are respectively connected with the computer system (5) through wires; the temperature sensor (21), the metering hot plate (25) and the temperature-adjustable thermal protection layer (23) which are arranged in the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box (4) are connected with the computer system (5) through wires;
a control unit and a calculation unit are arranged in the computer system (5), the control unit is respectively connected with the control modules of the air supply system (1) and the vacuum pump (2), the calculation unit records the current and the voltage input into the metering hot plate (25) in a stable state, the temperature measured by each temperature sensor (21) of the cold and hot end surfaces of the sample (22), and the average temperature of the cold and hot end surfaces is respectively calculated according to the recorded temperature,
and then calculating the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module within the range of-190 ℃ to room temperature according to the formula (1):
wherein lambda is the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the sample, and the unit is W/(m DEG C); u and I are respectively the voltage and current input into the metering hot plate in the thermal steady state, and the units are V and A; d is the thickness of the sample, and the unit is m; t (T) h The average temperature of the upper surface of the sample in contact with the metering hot plate is given in DEG C; t (T) c The average temperature in degrees celsius of the sample's contact surface with the cold plate.
2. A device for measuring the integrated thermal conductivity of an adiabatic module in an enclosure system according to claim 1, characterized in that a temperature-adjustable thermal protection layer (23), a top thermal protection layer (24) and an edge thermal protection layer (26) are further arranged around the sample (22) in the integrated thermal conductivity measuring box (4).
3. The device for measuring the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in the enclosure system according to claim 2, wherein an edge heat protection (26) is arranged on the periphery of the sample (22) and the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate (20), and the side length of the top heat protection (24) is 2-2.5 times of the side length of the corresponding metering hot plate (25).
4. The device for measuring the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in the enclosure system according to claim 2, wherein the metering hot plate (25) and the top heat protection (24) are formed by welding and laminating two thin aluminum plates or thin aluminum alloy plates (27) with channels, and heating wires (28) with insulating protective sleeves are arranged in the channels.
5. The device for measuring the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in the enclosure system according to claim 1, wherein a low-temperature sealing block (16) is arranged between the cabin body and the cabin door (15), and heat insulation layers (6) are arranged on the wall surface of the cabin body and the wall of the cabin door.
6. The measuring device for the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in the enclosure system according to claim 1 is characterized in that a liquid nitrogen/nitrogen inlet (11), a liquid nitrogen/nitrogen outlet (13), a chamber vacuumizing port (12) and a line connecting port (14) are arranged on the end surface bulkhead of the low-temperature vacuum environment control chamber (3), the air supply system (1) is connected with the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen inlet (11) and the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen outlet (13), the vacuum pump (2) is connected with the chamber vacuumizing port (12), and the line of the computer system (5) is connected with the line connecting port (14); the heat sink (7) and the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cooling plate (20) are connected with the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen inlet (11) and the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen outlet (13), and the air supply system (1) provides liquid nitrogen or nitrogen with set temperature and recovers the liquid nitrogen or nitrogen.
7. The measuring device for the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in the enclosure system according to claim 1 is characterized in that a circuit interface is arranged on the wall surface of the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box (4), a liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate (20) is arranged at the bottom of the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box, a sample (22) is pressed right above the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate (20), an edge heat protection (26) is arranged on the periphery of the sample (22) and the periphery of the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate (20), a metering hot plate (25) is pressed above the sample (22), a top heat protection (24) is arranged on the periphery of the metering hot plate (25), a temperature-adjustable heat protection layer (23) is arranged on the inner wall of the upper space box of the metering hot plate (25), and the wall temperature of the temperature-adjustable heat protection layer (23) is always consistent with the temperature of the metering hot plate (25).
8. The measuring device for the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in the enclosure system according to claim 1 is characterized in that a heat sink (7) is arranged in the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin (3), a sliding rail (9), a pulley (10) and a hoisting rope (8) are arranged at the top of the heat sink (7), a lifting hook (18) is arranged outside the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box (4), and the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box (4) is connected with the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin (3) in a hanging mode through the hoisting rope (8) and the lifting hook (18).
9. The measuring device for the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in the enclosure system according to claim 8 is characterized in that the heat sink (7) and the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cooling plate (20) are manufactured by adopting an aluminum plate or an aluminum alloy plate (27), a liquid nitrogen/nitrogen inlet and a liquid nitrogen/nitrogen outlet are formed in the aluminum plate or the aluminum alloy plate (27), and a temperature sensor, a liquid nitrogen/nitrogen micro-channel and an embedded coil are arranged inside the aluminum plate or the aluminum alloy plate (27).
10. The device for measuring the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in the enclosure system according to claim 1, wherein heat-conducting glue is arranged on contact surfaces between the sample (22) and the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate (20) and between the sample (22) and the metering hot plate (25).
11. The device for measuring the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in the enclosure system according to claim 1, wherein the structures, the shapes and the sizes of the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box (4), the temperature-adjustable heat protection layer (23), the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate (20) and the metering hot plate (25) can be replaced according to the structures, the shapes and the sizes of the sample heat insulation module.
12. The method for measuring the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in the enclosure system is characterized by comprising the following implementation steps:
s1, measuring and recording the size and thickness of an adiabatic module serving as a sample, cleaning the surface of the sample, respectively coating heat conducting glue on the cold end and the hot end of the sample, placing the sample above a liquid nitrogen cold plate in a comprehensive heat conductivity measuring box, placing an edge heat shield around the sample and the liquid nitrogen cold plate, placing a measuring hot plate and a top heat shield at the top position of the sample, and then packaging the comprehensive heat conductivity measuring box;
s2, hanging the packaged comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box into the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin by utilizing the connection of a lifting hook on the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box and a lifting rope on the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin;
s3, connecting and checking the arrangement of each liquid nitrogen/nitrogen gas circuit, each vacuum pipeline, each circuit and each measuring element, so as to ensure that the whole system meets the design operation requirement;
s4, closing the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin, starting a vacuum pump, and removing condensed gas in the cabin and the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box; when the vacuum degree in the cabin reaches a set value, the vacuum pump is closed, the normal-temperature nitrogen valve is opened, normal-temperature nitrogen is introduced into the cabin, and condensed gas in the cabin is further replaced;
s5, after the condensed gas in the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin is replaced, introducing low-temperature nitrogen with a certain temperature into the cabin, so that the space in the cabin is quickly cooled to a set temperature; meanwhile, introducing low-temperature nitrogen with a certain temperature into a heat sink in a low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin, introducing low-temperature nitrogen with a certain temperature into a liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate in a comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box, and when the low-temperature nitrogen flow at the outlets of the heat sink and the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate is kept stable, controlling and measuring the temperatures of the cabin and the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate by adopting a control unit of a computer system, wherein when the temperatures of all points in the cabin reach a set temperature, the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate reaches the set temperature, and the precooling process is ended;
s6, after the temperatures of the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin and each detection point of the liquid nitrogen/nitrogen cold plate reach and maintain the set temperature, closing the low-temperature nitrogen valve, and stopping introducing low-temperature nitrogen into the low-temperature vacuum environment control cabin; simultaneously starting a vacuum pump, closing the vacuum pump when the vacuum degree in the cabin reaches a set value, and adjusting and controlling the temperature in the cabin through a heat sink;
s7, when the temperature and the vacuum degree in the cabin are kept stable, a control unit of the computer system sets the heating power of the metering hot plate and starts the metering hot plate, a curve is drawn according to temperature data of the metering hot plate, the top heat protection plate and the sensor recorded by the computer system to observe the recorded temperature trend, the heating power of the metering hot plate is continuously regulated to gradually reduce and keep the temperature difference between the metering hot plate and the temperature of the contact surface of the metering hot plate and the hot end of the sample to reach the set temperature and keep the temperature stable;
s8, controlling the wall surface temperature of the temperature-adjustable thermal protection layer arranged in the upper space of the metering hot plate and arranged on the inner wall of the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient measuring box, so that the wall surface temperature of the temperature-adjustable thermal protection layer is consistent with the wall surface temperature of the metering hot plate at any time, and radiation heat leakage of the metering hot plate is avoided;
s9, recording the current and the voltage of the input metering hot plate in a stable state, measuring the temperature by each temperature sensor on the surfaces of the cold end and the hot end of the sample, respectively calculating the average temperature of the surfaces of the cold end and the hot end according to the recorded temperature, and finally calculating the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation module in a certain temperature range according to a formula (1):
wherein lambda is the comprehensive heat conductivity coefficient of the sample, and the unit is W/(m DEG C); u and I are respectively the voltage and current input into the metering hot plate in the thermal steady state, and the units are V and A; d is the thickness of the sample, and the unit is m; t (T) h The average temperature of the upper surface of the sample in contact with the metering hot plate is given in DEG C; t (T) c The average temperature in degrees celsius of the sample's contact surface with the cold plate.
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