CN116042610A - 动态突变str位点的检测探针组合及测序分析方法 - Google Patents
动态突变str位点的检测探针组合及测序分析方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及动态突变类疾病诊断领域,具体涉及动态突变STR位点的检测探针组合及测序分析方法。本发明公开了检测致病STR位点及潜在致病STR位点的探针组合及检测方法,本发明利用探针捕获扩增技术与三代长读长测序技术联用,并对STR序列重复次数的计算参数进行了针对性设计,实现了对致病性STR位点的全覆盖式筛查,试验结果表明,筛查结果准确可靠、检测效率高,可同时对多种STR致病位点进行筛查,提升了STR位点的检测效率及大规模筛查的临床可及性,克服传统检测技术目标位点少,成本高,分析不全面的缺陷,为动态突变类疾病STR位点研究提供了便利,具有显著的临床推广应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及动态突变类疾病诊断领域,具体涉及动态突变STR位点的检测探针组合及测序分析方法。
背景技术
人类基因组包含超过100万个已注释串联重复,目前已经查明超过56个位点的串联重复与扩增与疾病相关。不同STR位点导致的疾病临床表型有很大的相似性,目前尚不能通过临床表现形式直接判断具体的STR致病位点,仍然需要逐个STR位点一一核查,这给此类临床疾病研究带来很大的困扰。
现有的检测技术通量不足限制了串联重复位点的有效检测。常规Southern杂交技术费时费力,一次只能检测一个位点,通量低,且实验材料有放射性对检验员身体健康不利。常用的毛细管电泳技术,也是一次只能检测一个位点,仅仅检测56个已知位点就需要做56次毛细管电泳实验。假如对多个样本进行56个已知位点进行检测就工作量更大,周期更长。此外,有些STR位点扩张致病阈值极高,比如SCA36,只有重复拷贝数达到650以上时才会导致致病发生,如此高的重复拷贝数超出了毛细管电泳技术准确性范围的上限,因此无法使用毛细管电泳技术进行准确性检测。以上缺陷均限制了毛细管电泳技术在临床筛查领域的推广应用。
常规二代NGS测序虽然通量高,但是由于序列短,一旦STR位点扩张长度大于150bp就超出了NGS读长,导致许多STR位点无法准确检测。三代全基因组测序技术可以精确检测STR位点,但是由于数据量极大、分析周期长、测序成本极高,限制了其在临床筛查领域的推广应用。
STR位点可以通过长片段PCR产物三代测序精确检测,但是也面临着PCR自身局限性的问题。多重PCR扩增多个位点时引物相互干扰,降低了分析结果的准确性;单一位点PCR通量低,一次只能检测一个位点,仅仅检测56个已知位点就需要做56次长片段PCR实验。工作量大、周期长,限制了其在临床筛查领域的推广应用。目前临床筛查领域迫切需要一种低成本、高通量、周期短的致病STR位点及潜在致病STR位点全覆盖的筛查技术,从而加快此类疾病临床研究。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明要解决的技术问题在于提供动态突变STR位点的检测探针组合及测序分析方法。
本发明提供了探针组合,其满足如下I)~III)所示要求:
I)、靶向以下动物来源STR位点:SCA1、SCA2、SCA3、SCA6、SCA7、SCA8、SCA10、SCA12、SCA17、SCA31、SCA36、SCA37、SCA50、CANVAS、DRPLA、FRDA、GDPAG、FAME1、FAME2、FAME3、FAME4、FAME6、FAME7、EPM1A、OPDM1、OPDM2、OPDM3、OPDM4、DM1、DM2、SBMA、FTDALS1、FECD3HD、HDL1、HDL2、DIP2B、FXS、SPD1、CCHS、CBL、HFG、BPES、XLMR、EIF4A3、TBX1、ZIC3、NIPA1、POLG、THAP11、OPML1、HPE5、AFF2、DBQD2、RUNX2、ARX、HMN、DIP2B;
II)、在如I)所示STR位点的上、下游分别延伸3Kb的区域设计;每两个相邻探针所覆盖位点的平均间隔为500bp~2kb;
III)、探针长度为50~130bp,GC含量40%~60%、无发夹结构;
进一步的,
所述STR位点来源为人;
每两个相邻探针所覆盖位点的平均间隔为1000bp;
所述探针长度为120bp。
更进一步的,包括如下所示1483条序列中的至少一种:
chr1:1437017~1437137;chr1:1438571~1438691;chr1:57829425~57829545;chr1:57830517~57830637;chr1:57831425~57831545;chr1:57832425~57832545;chr1:57833629~57833749;chr1:57834466~57834586;chr1:57835480~57835600;chr1:145206532~145206652;chr1:145207288~145207408;chr1:145208311~145208431;chr1:145209962~145210082;chr1:145210288~145210408;chr1:145211300~145211420;chr1:145212288~145212408;chr1:145213274~145213394;chr1:145214286~145214406;chr1:145215290~145215410;chr1:145216288~145216408;chr1:145217288~145217408;chr1:145218909~145219029;chr1:145219293~145219413;chr1:145220689~145220809;chr1:145221288~145221408;chr1:145222318~145222438;chr1:145223625~145223745;chr1:145224470~145224590;chr1:145225356~145225476;chr1:145226285~145226405;chr1:145227211~145227331;chr1:145228288~145228408;chr1:145229159~145229279;chr1:145230409~145230529;chr1:145231373~145231493;chr1:145232288~145232408;chr1:145233325~145233445;chr1:145234335~145234455;chr1:145235288~145235408;chr1:145236288~145236408;chr1:145237288~145237408;chr1:145238344~145238464;chr1:145239591~145239711;chr1:145240288~145240408;chr1:145241317~145241437;chr1:145242272~145242392;chr1:145243288~145243408;chr1:145244250~145244370;chr1:145245889~145246009;chr1:145246316~145246436;chr1:145247260~145247380;chr1:145248519~145248639;chr1:145249596~145249716;chr1:145250288~145250408;chr1:145251391~145251511;chr1:145252319~145252439;chr1:145253288~145253408;chr1:145254301~145254421;chr1:145255810~145255930;chr1:145256210~145256330;chr1:145257372~145257492;chr1:145258288~145258408;chr1:145259291~145259411;chr1:145260288~145260408;chr1:145261344~145261464;chr1:145262288~145262408;chr1:145263288~145263408;chr1:145264228~145264348;chr1:145265288~145265408;chr1:145266356~145266476;chr1:145267349~145267469;chr1:145268264~145268384;chr1:145269425~145269545;chr1:145270604~145270724;chr1:145271482~145271602;chr1:145272507~145272627;chr1:145273288~145273408;chr1:145274288~145274408;chr1:145275187~145275307;chr1:145277244~145277364;chr1:145278529~145278649;chr1:145279233~145279353;chr1:145280229~145280349;chr1:145281288~145281408;chr1:145282265~145282385;chr1:145283304~145283424;chr1:145284349~145284469;chr1:145285944~145286064;chr10:79823547~79823667;chr10:79825547~79825667;chr10:79826550~79826670;chr10:79827547~79827667;chr10:79828547~79828667;chr11:119073928~119074048;chr11:119074888~119075008;chr11:119075687~119075807;chr11:119076506~119076626;chr11:119077687~119077807;chr11:119078592~119078712;chr11:119079637~119079757;chr12:7042630~7042750;chr12:7043579~7043699;chr12:7044579~7044699;chr12:7045579~7045699;chr12:7046579~7046699;chr12:7047579~7047699;chr12:7048510~7048630;chr12:50895378~50895498;chr12:50896429~50896549;chr12:50897539~50897659;chr12:50898467~50898587;chr12:50899467~50899587;chr12:50900441~50900561;chr12:50901689~50901809;chr12:112034117~112034237;chr12:112034810~112034930;chr12:112035459~112035579;chr12:112036459~112036579;chr12:112037496~112037616;chr12:112038304~112038424;
chr12:112039975~112040095;chr12:124015026~124015146;chr12:124015955~124016075;
chr12:124016955~124017075;chr12:124017955~124018075;chr12:124018964~124019084;
chr12:124020906~124021026;chr13:70710164~70710284;chr13:70711074~70711194;
chr13:70712270~70712390;chr13:70713264~70713384;chr13:70714209~70714329;
chr13:70715019~70715139;chr13:70716828~70716948;chr13:100634917~100635037;
chr13:100635424~100635544;chr13:100636395~100636515;chr13:100637892~100638012;
chr13:100638360~100638480;chr13:100639363~100639483;chr13:100640395~100640515;
chr14:23787878~23787998;chr14:23788567~23788687;chr14:23789366~23789486;
chr14:23790366~23790486;chr14:23791366~23791486;chr14:23792367~23792487;
chr14:23793375~23793495;chr14:92534044~92534164;chr14:92535187~92535307;
chr14:92536138~92536258;chr14:92537151~92537271;chr14:92538046~92538166;
chr14:92539185~92539305;chr14:92540707~92540827;chr15:23083375~23083495;
chr15:23084360~23084480;chr15:23085096~23085216;chr15:23086586~23086706;
chr15:23087428~23087548;chr15:23088540~23088660;chr15:23089134~23089254;
chr15:89873493~89873613;chr15:89874493~89874613;chr15:89875641~89875761;
chr15:89876938~89877058;chr15:89877458~89877578;chr15:89878493~89878613;
chr15:89879496~89879616;chr16:17561442~17561562;chr16:17562442~17562562;
chr16:17563442~17563562;chr16:17564860~17564980;chr16:17565431~17565551;
chr16:17566693~17566813;chr16:17567442~17567562;chr16:24621476~24621596;
chr16:24622522~24622642;chr16:24623476~24623596;chr16:24624507~24624627;
chr16:24625476~24625596;chr16:24626477~24626597;chr16:24627778~24627898;
chr16:66518300~66518420;chr16:66519300~66519420;chr16:66520440~66520560;
chr16:66521300~66521420;chr16:66522197~66522317;chr16:66523300~66523420;
chr16:66524361~66524481;chr16:66525300~66525420;chr16:66526641~66526761;
chr16:66527302~66527422;chr16:87634582~87634702;chr16:87635536~87635656;
chr16:87636641~87636761;chr16:87637637~87637757;chr16:87638401~87638521;
chr16:87639587~87639707;chr16:87640582~87640702;chr17:43972331~43972451;
chr17:43973102~43973222;chr17:43973963~43974083;chr17:78117372~78117492;
chr17:78118501~78118621;chr17:78119501~78119621;chr17:78120564~78120684;
chr17:78121812~78121932;chr17:78123544~78123664;chr18:53250101~53250221;
chr18:53251093~53251213;chr18:53252504~53252624;chr18:53253093~53253213;
chr18:53254173~53254293;chr18:53254977~53255097;chr18:53256077~53256197;
chr19:14603539~14603659;chr19:14605171~14605291;chr19:14605540~14605660;
chr19:14606416~14606536;chr19:14607540~14607660;chr19:14608531~14608651;
chr19:14610091~14610211;chr19:46270432~46270552;chr19:46271036~46271156;
chr19:46272083~46272203;chr19:46273172~46273292;chr19:46273994~46274114;
chr19:46275164~46275284;chr19:46276164~46276284;chr2:96859118~96859238;
chr2:96860436~96860556;chr2:96861118~96861238;chr2:96863669~96863789;
chr2:96864176~96864296;chr2:96865515~96865635;chr2:176954477~176954597;
chr2:176955477~176955597;chr2:176956466~176956586;chr2:176957981~176958101;
chr2:176958477~176958597;chr2:176959477~176959597;chr2:176960343~176960463;
chr2:191742293~191742413;chr2:191743309~191743429;chr2:191744553~191744673;
chr2:191745311~191745431;chr2:191746517~191746637;chr2:191747623~191747743;
chr2:191748438~191748558;chr20:2630212~2630332;chr20:2631057~2631177;
chr20:2632336~2632456;chr20:2632913~2633033;chr20:2634073~2634193;
chr20:2635073~2635193;chr20:2636073~2636193;chr20:4696828~4696948;
chr20:4697550~4697670;chr20:4698550~4698670;chr20:4700083~4700203;
chr20:4700603~4700723;chr20:4701550~4701670;chr21:45193012~45193132;
chr21:45194012~45194132;chr21:45195159~45195279;chr21:45196580~45196700;
chr21:45198104~45198224;chr21:45198831~45198951;chr22:19750934~19751054;
chr22:19752022~19752142;chr22:19752871~19752991;chr22:19754659~19754779;
chr22:19755065~19755185;chr22:19755978~19756098;chr22:19756944~19757064;
chr22:46188154~46188274;chr22:46188895~46189015;chr22:46190055~46190175;
chr22:46190940~46191060;chr22:46193019~46193139;chr22:46193999~46194119;
chr3:63895345~63895465;chr3:63895954~63896074;chr3:63897101~63897221;
chr3:63898160~63898280;chr3:63899047~63899167;chr3:63900072~63900192;
chr3:63901033~63901153;chr3:128888127~128888247;chr3:128889116~128889236;
chr3:128890166~128890286;chr3:128891674~128891794;chr3:128892164~128892284;
chr3:128892977~128893097;chr3:128894625~128894745;chr3:138661554~138661674;
chr3:138662695~138662815;chr3:138663585~138663705;chr3:138665214~138665334;
chr3:138665947~138666067;chr3:138666554~138666674;chr3:138667554~138667674;
chr3:183426978~183427098;chr3:183428103~183428223;chr3:183428637~183428757;
chr3:183429465~183429585;chr3:183430452~183430572;chr3:183432258~183432378;
chr3:183432552~183432672;chr4:3073276~3073396;chr4:3074147~3074267;
chr4:3075208~3075328;chr4:3076348~3076468;chr4:3077306~3077426;
chr4:3078306~3078426;chr4:3079614~3079734;chr4:39346895~39347015;
chr4:39348328~39348448;chr4:39348855~39348975;chr4:39349588~39349708;
chr4:39350975~39351095;chr4:39351744~39351864;chr4:39352928~39353048;
chr4:41744792~41744912;chr4:41745680~41745800;chr4:41746680~41746800;
chr4:41747645~41747765;chr4:41748680~41748800;chr4:41749680~41749800;
chr4:41750680~41750800;chr4:160260394~160260514;chr4:160261891~160262011;
chr4:160262428~160262548;chr4:160263243~160263363;chr4:160264394~160264514;
chr4:160265404~160265524;chr4:160266394~160266514;chr5:10353157~10353277;
chr5:10354326~10354446;chr5:10355199~10355319;chr5:10356106~10356226;
chr5:10357157~10357277;chr5:10358196~10358316;chr5:10359358~10359478;
chr5:146254976~146255096;chr5:146255977~146256097;chr5:146256977~146257097;
chr5:146257981~146258101;chr5:146258977~146259097;chr5:146259981~146260101;
chr5:146260821~146260941;chr6:16324738~16324858;chr6:16325613~16325733;
chr6:16326590~16326710;chr6:16328037~16328157;chr6:16328580~16328700;
chr6:16329580~16329700;chr6:16330486~16330606;chr6:45387183~45387303;
chr6:45388188~45388308;chr6:45389183~45389303;chr6:45390183~45390303;
chr6:45391575~45391695;chr6:45392183~45392303;chr6:45393170~45393290;
chr6:170868101~170868221;chr6:170870383~170870503;chr6:170870720~170870840;
chr6:170872059~170872179;chr6:170872720~170872840;chr6:170873621~170873741;
chr7:27236173~27236293;chr7:27237257~27237377;chr7:27238210~27238330;
chr7:27239609~27239729;chr7:27240235~27240355;chr7:27241235~27241355;
chr7:27242235~27242355;chr8:105597960~105598080;chr8:105598875~105598995;
chr8:105599845~105599965;chr8:105601005~105601125;chr8:105601964~105602084;chr8:105602938~105603058;chr8:105603879~105603999;chr8:119375733~119375853;chr8:119376775~119376895;chr8:119377654~119377774;chr8:119379141~119379261;chr8:119379842~119379962;chr8:119380644~119380764;chr9:27546775~27546895;chr9:27547092~27547212;chr9:27548219~27548339;chr9:27549241~27549361;chr9:27550378~27550498;chr9:27551218~27551338;chr9:27554809~27554929;chr9:27555213~27555333;chr9:27556214~27556334;chr9:27557237~27557357;chr9:27558215~27558335;chr9:27559214~27559334;chr9:27560614~27560734;chr9:27561104~27561224;chr9:27562166~27562286;chr9:27563250~27563370;chr9:27564363~27564483;chr9:27565107~27565227;chr9:27566673~27566793;chr9:27567075~27567195;chr9:27568317~27568437;chr9:27569625~27569745;chr9:27570214~27570334;chr9:27571188~27571308;chr9:27572214~27572334;chr9:27573214~27573334;chr9:27574174~27574294;chr9:27575145~27575265;chr9:71648882~71649002;chr9:71650239~71650359;chr9:71650951~71651071;chr9:71651882~71652002;chr9:71652913~71653033;chr9:71654234~71654354;chr9:71655073~71655193;chrX:25028401~25028521;chrX:25029326~25029446;chrX:25030401~25030521;chrX:25031960~25032080;chrX:25032401~25032521;chrX:25033401~25033521;chrX:25034304~25034424;chrX:66761880~66762000;chrX:66762880~66763000;chrX:66764001~66764121;chrX:66764880~66765000;chrX:66765880~66766000;chrX:66766880~66767000;chrX:66767849~66767969;chrX:136645674~136645794;chrX:136646671~136646791;chrX:136647617~136647737;chrX:136648516~136648636;chrX:136649671~136649791;chrX:136650672~136650792;chrX:136651671~136651791;chrX:139583174~139583294;chrX:139584174~139584294;chrX:139585174~139585294;chrX:139586509~139586629;chrX:139587168~139587288;chrX:139588131~139588251;chrX:139589174~139589294;chrX:146990323~146990443;chrX:146991262~146991382;chrX:146992245~146992365;chrX:146993084~146993204;chrX:146994262~146994382;chrX:146995446~146995566;chrX:146996880~146997000;chrX:147578884~147579004;chrX:147579829~147579949;chrX:147580829~147580949;chrX:147581766~147581886;chrX:147582834~147582954;chrX:147583641~147583761;chrX:147584829~147584949。
本发明所述探针包括如上所述序列的正向序列,也包括如上所示序列的反向互补序列,它们均可作为探针序列用于捕获STR靶序列。
本发明中,所述探针根据人类参考基因组版本Hg19采取合适的间隔设计,在考虑样本DNA建库过程DNA打断片段大小基础上,使探针密度与捕获靶区域的覆盖均一性达到最高;本发明的一些具体的实施例中,所述探针以平均间隔250bp、500bp、1K、2K、3K、4K设计,结果表明,平均间隔1K设计的探针兼具相对较少的探针数目和相对较好的覆盖均一性;平均间隔1K设计的探针覆盖均一性明显优于间隔大于1K设计的探针,平均间隔1K设计的探针与平均间隔小于1K设计的在覆盖均一性方面非常接近,因此,平均间隔1K设计的探针拥有最佳的性价比。
本发明中,所述探针平均间隔为1K,包括了间隔在700~1400bp左右设计的探针;本发明的具体实施例中,针对单一STR位点设计的探针间隔可以在700bp左右,也可以在1400bp左右,所述探针间隔可以为700bp~1400bp之间的任意数值。
本发明中,所述的探针的碱基个数在50~130bp之间、GC含量GC含量40%~60%、无发夹结构;进一步的,所述探针长度优选120bp;并进一步与NCBI等数据库进行Blast比对,去掉非特异性的分子探针,优选高特异性探针,因此,本发明所述的探针组合为经过筛选后获得的性价比最好、覆盖度最高、特异性最好的用于58种STR位点引起的相关疾病检测筛查的最佳探针组合。
本发明所述探组合中的每个探针连接有标记物,所述标记物选自生物素、亲和素、抗生物素蛋白、抗体或化学偶联剂中的至少一种;所述标记物便于探针与DNA片段特异性结合后的信号放大和发光检测。
本发明提供了STR位点的测序方法,其包括以下步骤:
步骤1、待测样品中的基因组DNA经打断、末端修复、加接头、扩增后获得DNA文库;
步骤2、本发明所述的探针组合经封闭后与所述DNA文库杂交获得预杂交文库,预杂交文库经扩增,获得杂交文库;
步骤3、对杂交文库进行三代测序后分析数据,获得STR位点序列信息。
进一步的,
所述的检测方法的步骤1中,
打断后的基因片段大小为4.5~5.5kb;
接头包括接头A和接头B,接头A的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示,接头B的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2所示;
扩增的引物包括Primer-F和Primer-R,Primer-F的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:3所示,Primer-R的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:4所示。
所述的检测方法的步骤2中,
所述封闭使用封闭引物,所述封闭引物包括Index A Block和Index B Block,Index ABlock的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:5所示,Index B Block的核苷酸序列如SEQ IDNO:6所示;
扩增的引物包括Primer-F和Primer-R,Primer-F的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:3所示,Primer-R的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:4所示;
扩增体系包括:0M~5M Betaine、0.1μM~1.0μM Primer F、0.1μM~0.5μM PrimerR、0.5mM~4.0mM Mg2+、8vol%dNTP Mixture、聚合酶、聚合酶缓冲液、预杂交文库;所述dNTPMixture中各dNTP的浓度分别为0.5mM~5mM;所述聚合酶选自EX Taq DNA聚合酶、Pfu DNA聚合酶、rTaq DNA聚合酶和/或PrimeSTAR GXL聚合酶中的至少一种;
扩增程序包括:98℃1min;98℃15sec,58℃~64℃15sec,68℃6min,18cycle;68℃5min。
优选的,
扩增体系为:1M Betaine、0.5μM Primer F、0.5μM Primer R、2mM Mg2+、8vol%dNTP Mixture、2vol%PrimeSTAR GXL DNA Polymerase、20vol%5×PrimeSTAR GXLBuffer、50vol%预杂交文库;dNTP Mixture中各dNTP的浓度分别为2.5mM;
扩增程序包括:98℃1min;98℃15sec,62℃15sec,68℃6min,18cycle;68℃5min。
本发明对杂交文库构建种扩增体系相关参数进行了调整;本发明的一些实施例中,引物浓度为0.1μM~1.0μM;Betaine浓度为0M~5M;DNA聚合酶选自EX Taq DNA聚合酶、Pfu DNA聚合酶、rTaq DNA聚合酶、PrimeSTAR GXL聚合酶;镁离子浓度为0.5mM~4.0mM;退火温度为58℃~64℃;实验结果表明,引物浓度为0.5μM,Betaine浓度为1M,DNA聚合酶为PrimeSTAR GXL聚合酶,镁离子浓度为2mM,退火温度为62℃时,杂交文库的扩增效果最好。
所述的检测方法的步骤3中,
所述分析数据的方法为:提取STR区域序列数据后选择参数n_component为1或2时计算得出的AIC值较小的高斯混合模型,判断STR重复次数。
判断STR重复次数的标准为:
选择的模型的n_component为1,则直接返回模型的峰值平均值做为样本的重复次数;
选择的模型的n_component为2,则选择模型的峰值平均值附近且read数目大于等于最小read数目阈值2的重复次数,作为该STR在样本中的重复次数。
本发明中,所述分析数据的软件为GrandSTR;STR位点串联重复拷贝数检测发现,本发明生信软件结果与repeat理论数值100%一致,Straglr、repeatHMM、tandem-genotypes和PACMONSTR软件结果均有多例样本与repeat理论数值不符。表明本发明生信软件结果优于Straglr、repeatHMM、tandem-genotypes和PACMONSTR软件结果。
本发明中,所述三代测序采用平台包括PacBio Sequel、PromethION、MinION、GridION平台进行中的至少一种;
进一步的,本发明利用采用PacBio Sequel平台和PromethION均可进行。
本发明中,所述的待测样品包括但不限于血液、血斑、精液、精斑、骨骼、毛发、唾液、唾液斑、汗液、羊水或它们的混合物中的至少一种。
本发明提供了如下所示中的至少一项在制备STR位点相关疾病筛查试剂盒中的应用:
I)、本发明所述的探针组合;
II)、本发明所述的检测方法。
本发明中,所述STR位点包括但不限于SCA1、SCA2、SCA3、SCA6、SCA7、SCA8、SCA10、SCA12、SCA17、SCA31、SCA3、SCA37、SCA50、CANVAS、DRPLA、FRDA、GDPAG、FAME1、FAME2、FAME3、FAME4、FAME6、FAME7、EPM1A、OPDM1、OPDM2、OPDM3、OPDM4、DM1、DM2、SBMA、FTDALS1、FECD3HD、HDL1、HDL2、DIP2B、FXS、SPD1、CCHS、CBL HFG、BPES、XLMR、EIF4A3、TBX1、ZIC3、NIPA1、POLG、THAP11、OPML1、HPE5、AFF2、DBQD2、RUNX2、ARX、HMN和/或DIP2B中的至少一种。
所述STR位点突变引起的疾病包括但不限于脊髓小脑共济失调1型、脊髓小脑共济失调2型、脊髓小脑共济失调3型、脊髓小脑共济失调6型、脊髓小脑共济失调7型、脊髓小脑共济失调8型、脊髓小脑共济失调10型、脊髓小脑共济失调12型、脊髓小脑共济失调17型、脊髓小脑共济失调31型、脊髓小脑共济失调36型、脊髓小脑共济失调37型、多聚谷氨酰胺神经疾病、小脑共济失调-神经病和前庭反射障碍综合征、齿状核红核苍白球路易氏体萎缩、Friedreich共济失调1型、全面发育迟缓-进行性共济失调和谷氨酰胺升高、家族性成人肌阵挛性癫痫1型、家族性成人肌阵挛性癫痫2型、家族性成人肌阵挛性癫痫3型、FAME4家族性肌阵挛癫痫4型、家族性成人肌阵挛性癫痫6型、家族性成人肌阵挛性癫痫7型、癫痫-进行性肌阵挛1A、眼咽远端肌病、神经元核内包涵体疾病、强直性营养不良2型、强直性营养不良1型、眼咽肌营养不良、脊髓延髓肌萎缩症、额颞叶智障、肌萎缩性侧索硬化症1型、Fuchs角膜内皮营养不良3型、OPML1伴有脑白质病变的眼咽病1型、亨廷顿舞蹈病、亨廷顿舞蹈病样2型、智力障碍,FRA12A型、X-连锁智力障碍109型/脆性X综合征、Desbuquois发育不良2型、并指1型、先天性中枢性通气不足综合征1型、雅各布森综合征、BCCD短指和颅骨锁骨发育不全、HFGS手足生殖器综合征、BPES先天小睑裂综合征、HPE5前脑无裂畸形5型、EIEE1早期婴儿型癫痫性脑病1型、MRGH单一性生长激素缺乏症伴精神发育迟滞、HDL1、HMN、RCPS、TOF、VACTERLX、ALS–susceptibility和/或POLG中的至少一种。
本发明提供了STR位点检测的产品,其包括本发明所述的探针组合、固相载体、接头序列、接头封闭序列、用于与所述接头序列结合并扩增核酸片段的引物、DNA提取体系、PCR反应缓冲液、无核酸酶的水、DNA聚合酶、分子量marker、靶序列洗脱液、末端修复酶、末端修复缓冲液、DNA连接酶中的一种或多种。
本发明的一些具体实施例中,所述接头序列包括接头A和接头B,接头A的序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示;接头B的序列如SEQ ID NO:2所示;所述接头封闭序列包括Index ABlock和Index B Block,所述Index A Block的序列如SEQ ID NO:5所示,所述Index ABlock的序列如SEQ ID NO:6所示。
本发明的一些具体实施例中,所述的引物包括Primer-F和Primer-R,Primer-F的序列如SEQ ID NO:3所示,Primer-R的序列如SEQ ID NO:4所示。
本发明所述固相载体为富集颗粒,所述富集颗粒包被有生物素或亲和素;
进一步的,所述富集颗粒为磁珠,所述捕获发生在固相载体上。
本发明公开了检测致病STR位点及潜在致病STR位点的探针组合及检测方法,本发明利用探针捕获扩增技术与三代长读长测序技术联用,并对STR序列重复次数的计算参数进行了针对性设计,实现了对致病性STR位点的全覆盖式筛查,试验结果表明,筛查结果准确可靠、检测效率高,可同时对多种STR致病位点进行筛查,提升了STR位点的检测效率及大规模筛查的临床可及性,克服传统检测技术目标位点少,成本高,分析不全面的缺陷,为动态突变类疾病STR位点研究提供了便利,具有显著的临床推广应用价值。
附图说明
图1示探针密度与捕获靶区域的覆盖均一性;
图2示数据计算流程。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了动态突变STR位点的检测探针组合及测序分析方法,本领域技术人员可以借鉴本文内容,适当改进工艺参数实现。特别需要指出的是,所有类似的替换和改动对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的,它们都被视为包括在本发明。本发明的方法及应用已经通过较佳实施例进行了描述,相关人员明显能在不脱离本发明内容、精神和范围内对本文的方法和应用进行改动或适当变更与组合,来实现和应用本发明技术。
动态突变又称为不稳定寡核苷酸重复序列,简称STR,常见的是三核苷酸重复序列GCA、GCT和GCC等,个别位点是TTTTA五核苷酸重复序列,或其它形式的寡核苷酸重复序列。串联重复拷贝数随着世代的传递而不断扩增,因而称之为动态突变。串联重复拷贝数达到一定阈值时可引发疾病,一般具有遗传早现现象,即后代发病年龄提前,症状加重。动态突变是导致人类遗传病的一种新的基因突变类型。
本发明通过精心设计STR位点的长片段捕获扩增技术与三代长读长测序技术联用,实现了低成本、高通量、短周期的致病STR位点及潜在致病STR位点全覆盖式筛查。可以一次性检测56个已知致病STR位点,及潜在致病STR位点。可以添加barcode对多个人同时进行56个已知位点进行检测,快速高效,适合大规模临床样本筛查。56个已知致病STR位点和两个潜在致病STR位点为HMN、DIP2B,如表1所示。
表1.58个致病STR位点
SCA1 | SCA2 | SCA3 | SCA6 | SCA7 | SCA8 | SCA10 | SCA12 |
SCA17 | SCA31 | SCA36 | SCA37 | SCA50 | CANVAS | DRPLA | FRDA |
GDPAG | FAME1 | FAME2 | FAME3 | FAME4 | FAME6 | FAME7 | EPM1A |
OPDM1 | OPDM2 | OPDM3 | OPDM4 | DM1 | DM2 | SBMA | FTDALS1 |
FECD3 | HD | HDL1 | HDL2 | DIP2B | FXS | SPD1 | CCHS |
CBL | HFG | BPES | XLMR | EIF4A3 | TBX1 | ZIC3 | NIPA1 |
POLG | THAP11 | OPML1 | HPE5 | AFF2 | DBQD2 | RUNX2 | ARX |
HMN | DIP2B |
与表1所述的已知致病STR位点的位置及引起的疾病如表2所示:
表2.58个已知致病STR位点信息
本方法通过设计捕获探针,覆盖56个已知位点,及2个潜在致病的STR位点,并进一步借助三代长读长测序技术,实现STR位点快速检测。具体操作如下
一种基于三代靶向捕获测序的STR位点检测试剂盒及方法,包括以下步骤:
1)基因组DNA文库的构建:提取待测样品中的基因组DNA,将其打断成2~10k,优选5k左右大小的片段;将打断后的双链DNA片段的两端进行末端修复后,再连接上接头序列;即可获得DNA文库;
2)DNA文库的预扩增:采用靶向接头序列的引物,将上述DNA文库中带有接头的DNA片段进行第一次PCR扩增,获得预扩增的DNA文库;
3)杂交捕获靶序列:将预扩增的DNA文库中的双链DNA片断变性后,利用检测探针对靶序列进行杂交捕获;
4)靶序列洗脱和第二次PCR扩增:将上一步捕获的靶序列进行洗脱,将洗脱下来的靶序列进行第二次PCR扩增;
5)将上述第二次PCR扩增的产物进行三代测序文库的构建;
6)将三代文库进行三代测序仪测序;
7)对三代测序数据进行生物信息学分析,获得与STR位点相关的核酸分子序列,并进一步确定待测样品中STR位点的具体重复拷贝数情况。
本发明采用的试材皆为普通市售品,皆可于市场购得。
下面结合实施例,进一步阐述本发明:
实施例1三代靶向捕获测序的STR位点检测
1、制备STR位点杂交捕获的探针
1.1STR位点杂交捕获的探针设计
针对STR位点上、下游分别延伸3Kb,每间隔500bp~2K设计一条探针,优选的每间隔1K设计一条探针。(三代测序仪测序读长长,比如,Pacbio公司的sequel或OxfordNanopore公司的PromethION测序长度可达几十K,待测样品中的基因组DNA被打断成5K左右的大小片段,每间隔1K设计一条探针,平均每个DNA片段可以结合5个探针,足以对目的片段开展有效的捕获)。设计好的探针的碱基个数在50~130bp之间、GC含量值适中、无发夹结构,并进一步与NCBI等数据库进行Blast比对,确保探针的特异性。优选地,设计好的探针的碱基个数为120bp。STR位点参考序列为人类参考基因组版本Hg19,设计得到的探针序列为“STR位点探针”信息中所示;
chr1:1437017~1437137;chr1:1438571~1438691;chr1:57829425~57829545;
chr1:57830517~57830637;chr1:57831425~57831545;chr1:57832425~57832545;
chr1:57833629~57833749;chr1:57834466~57834586;chr1:57835480~57835600;
chr1:145206532~145206652;chr1:145207288~145207408;chr1:145208311~145208431;
chr1:145209962~145210082;chr1:145210288~145210408;chr1:145211300~145211420;
chr1:145212288~145212408;chr1:145213274~145213394;chr1:145214286~145214406;
chr1:145215290~145215410;chr1:145216288~145216408;chr1:145217288~145217408;
chr1:145218909~145219029;chr1:145219293~145219413;chr1:145220689~145220809;
chr1:145221288~145221408;chr1:145222318~145222438;chr1:145223625~145223745;
chr1:145224470~145224590;chr1:145225356~145225476;chr1:145226285~145226405;
chr1:145227211~145227331;chr1:145228288~145228408;chr1:145229159~145229279;
chr1:145230409~145230529;chr1:145231373~145231493;chr1:145232288~145232408;
chr1:145233325~145233445;chr1:145234335~145234455;chr1:145235288~145235408;
chr1:145236288~145236408;chr1:145237288~145237408;chr1:145238344~145238464;
chr1:145239591~145239711;chr1:145240288~145240408;chr1:145241317~145241437;
chr1:145242272~145242392;chr1:145243288~145243408;chr1:145244250~145244370;
chr1:145245889~145246009;chr1:145246316~145246436;chr1:145247260~145247380;
chr1:145248519~145248639;chr1:145249596~145249716;chr1:145250288~145250408;
chr1:145251391~145251511;chr1:145252319~145252439;chr1:145253288~145253408;
chr1:145254301~145254421;chr1:145255810~145255930;chr1:145256210~145256330;
chr1:145257372~145257492;chr1:145258288~145258408;chr1:145259291~145259411;
chr1:145260288~145260408;chr1:145261344~145261464;chr1:145262288~145262408;
chr1:145263288~145263408;chr1:145264228~145264348;chr1:145265288~145265408;
chr1:145266356~145266476;chr1:145267349~145267469;chr1:145268264~145268384;
chr1:145269425~145269545;chr1:145270604~145270724;chr1:145271482~145271602;
chr1:145272507~145272627;chr1:145273288~145273408;chr1:145274288~145274408;
chr1:145275187~145275307;chr1:145277244~145277364;chr1:145278529~145278649;
chr1:145279233~145279353;chr1:145280229~145280349;chr1:145281288~145281408;
chr1:145282265~145282385;chr1:145283304~145283424;chr1:145284349~145284469;
chr1:145285944~145286064;chr10:79823547~79823667;chr10:79825547~79825667;
chr10:79826550~79826670;chr10:79827547~79827667;chr10:79828547~79828667;
chr11:119073928~119074048;chr11:119074888~119075008;chr11:119075687~119075807;
chr11:119076506~119076626;chr11:119077687~119077807;chr11:119078592~119078712;
chr11:119079637~119079757;chr12:7042630~7042750;chr12:7043579~7043699;
chr12:7044579~7044699;chr12:7045579~7045699;chr12:7046579~7046699;
chr12:7047579~7047699;chr12:7048510~7048630;chr12:50895378~50895498;
chr12:50896429~50896549;chr12:50897539~50897659;chr12:50898467~50898587;
chr12:50899467~50899587;chr12:50900441~50900561;chr12:50901689~50901809;
chr12:112034117~112034237;chr12:112034810~112034930;chr12:112035459~112035579;
chr12:112036459~112036579;chr12:112037496~112037616;chr12:112038304~112038424;
chr12:112039975~112040095;chr12:124015026~124015146;chr12:124015955~124016075;
chr12:124016955~124017075;chr12:124017955~124018075;chr12:124018964~124019084;
chr12:124020906~124021026;chr13:70710164~70710284;chr13:70711074~70711194;
chr13:70712270~70712390;chr13:70713264~70713384;chr13:70714209~70714329;
chr13:70715019~70715139;chr13:70716828~70716948;chr13:100634917~100635037;
chr13:100635424~100635544;chr13:100636395~100636515;chr13:100637892~100638012;
chr13:100638360~100638480;chr13:100639363~100639483;chr13:100640395~100640515;
chr14:23787878~23787998;chr14:23788567~23788687;chr14:23789366~23789486;
chr14:23790366~23790486;chr14:23791366~23791486;chr14:23792367~23792487;
chr14:23793375~23793495;chr14:92534044~92534164;chr14:92535187~92535307;
chr14:92536138~92536258;chr14:92537151~92537271;chr14:92538046~92538166;
chr14:92539185~92539305;chr14:92540707~92540827;chr15:23083375~23083495;
chr15:23084360~23084480;chr15:23085096~23085216;chr15:23086586~23086706;
chr15:23087428~23087548;chr15:23088540~23088660;chr15:23089134~23089254;
chr15:89873493~89873613;chr15:89874493~89874613;chr15:89875641~89875761;
chr15:89876938~89877058;chr15:89877458~89877578;chr15:89878493~89878613;
chr15:89879496~89879616;chr16:17561442~17561562;chr16:17562442~17562562;
chr16:17563442~17563562;chr16:17564860~17564980;chr16:17565431~17565551;
chr16:17566693~17566813;chr16:17567442~17567562;chr16:24621476~24621596;
chr16:24622522~24622642;chr16:24623476~24623596;chr16:24624507~24624627;
chr16:24625476~24625596;chr16:24626477~24626597;chr16:24627778~24627898;
chr16:66518300~66518420;chr16:66519300~66519420;chr16:66520440~66520560;
chr16:66521300~66521420;chr16:66522197~66522317;chr16:66523300~66523420;
chr16:66524361~66524481;chr16:66525300~66525420;chr16:66526641~66526761;
chr16:66527302~66527422;chr16:87634582~87634702;chr16:87635536~87635656;
chr16:87636641~87636761;chr16:87637637~87637757;chr16:87638401~87638521;
chr16:87639587~87639707;chr16:87640582~87640702;chr17:43972331~43972451;
chr17:43973102~43973222;chr17:43973963~43974083;chr17:78117372~78117492;
chr17:78118501~78118621;chr17:78119501~78119621;chr17:78120564~78120684;
chr17:78121812~78121932;chr17:78123544~78123664;chr18:53250101~53250221;
chr18:53251093~53251213;chr18:53252504~53252624;chr18:53253093~53253213;
chr18:53254173~53254293;chr18:53254977~53255097;chr18:53256077~53256197;
chr19:14603539~14603659;chr19:14605171~14605291;chr19:14605540~14605660;
chr19:14606416~14606536;chr19:14607540~14607660;chr19:14608531~14608651;
chr19:14610091~14610211;chr19:46270432~46270552;chr19:46271036~46271156;
chr19:46272083~46272203;chr19:46273172~46273292;chr19:46273994~46274114;
chr19:46275164~46275284;chr19:46276164~46276284;chr2:96859118~96859238;
chr2:96860436~96860556;chr2:96861118~96861238;chr2:96863669~96863789;
chr2:96864176~96864296;chr2:96865515~96865635;chr2:176954477~176954597;
chr2:176955477~176955597;chr2:176956466~176956586;chr2:176957981~176958101;
chr2:176958477~176958597;chr2:176959477~176959597;chr2:176960343~176960463;
chr2:191742293~191742413;chr2:191743309~191743429;chr2:191744553~191744673;
chr2:191745311~191745431;chr2:191746517~191746637;chr2:191747623~191747743;
chr2:191748438~191748558;chr20:2630212~2630332;chr20:2631057~2631177;
chr20:2632336~2632456;chr20:2632913~2633033;chr20:2634073~2634193;
chr20:2635073~2635193;chr20:2636073~2636193;chr20:4696828~4696948;
chr20:4697550~4697670;chr20:4698550~4698670;chr20:4700083~4700203;
chr20:4700603~4700723;chr20:4701550~4701670;chr21:45193012~45193132;
chr21:45194012~45194132;chr21:45195159~45195279;chr21:45196580~45196700;
chr21:45198104~45198224;chr21:45198831~45198951;chr22:19750934~19751054;
chr22:19752022~19752142;chr22:19752871~19752991;chr22:19754659~19754779;
chr22:19755065~19755185;chr22:19755978~19756098;chr22:19756944~19757064;
chr22:46188154~46188274;chr22:46188895~46189015;chr22:46190055~46190175;
chr22:46190940~46191060;chr22:46193019~46193139;chr22:46193999~46194119;
chr3:63895345~63895465;chr3:63895954~63896074;chr3:63897101~63897221;
chr3:63898160~63898280;chr3:63899047~63899167;chr3:63900072~63900192;
chr3:63901033~63901153;chr3:128888127~128888247;chr3:128889116~128889236;
chr3:128890166~128890286;chr3:128891674~128891794;chr3:128892164~128892284;
chr3:128892977~128893097;chr3:128894625~128894745;chr3:138661554~138661674;
chr3:138662695~138662815;chr3:138663585~138663705;chr3:138665214~138665334;
chr3:138665947~138666067;chr3:138666554~138666674;chr3:138667554~138667674;
chr3:183426978~183427098;chr3:183428103~183428223;chr3:183428637~183428757;
chr3:183429465~183429585;chr3:183430452~183430572;chr3:183432258~183432378;
chr3:183432552~183432672;chr4:3073276~3073396;chr4:3074147~3074267;
chr4:3075208~3075328;chr4:3076348~3076468;chr4:3077306~3077426;
chr4:3078306~3078426;chr4:3079614~3079734;chr4:39346895~39347015;
chr4:39348328~39348448;chr4:39348855~39348975;chr4:39349588~39349708;
chr4:39350975~39351095;chr4:39351744~39351864;chr4:39352928~39353048;
chr4:41744792~41744912;chr4:41745680~41745800;chr4:41746680~41746800;
chr4:41747645~41747765;chr4:41748680~41748800;chr4:41749680~41749800;
chr4:41750680~41750800;chr4:160260394~160260514;chr4:160261891~160262011;
chr4:160262428~160262548;chr4:160263243~160263363;chr4:160264394~160264514;
chr4:160265404~160265524;chr4:160266394~160266514;chr5:10353157~10353277;
chr5:10354326~10354446;chr5:10355199~10355319;chr5:10356106~10356226;
chr5:10357157~10357277;chr5:10358196~10358316;chr5:10359358~10359478;
chr5:146254976~146255096;chr5:146255977~146256097;chr5:146256977~146257097;
chr5:146257981~146258101;chr5:146258977~146259097;chr5:146259981~146260101;
chr5:146260821~146260941;chr6:16324738~16324858;chr6:16325613~16325733;
chr6:16326590~16326710;chr6:16328037~16328157;chr6:16328580~16328700;
chr6:16329580~16329700;chr6:16330486~16330606;chr6:45387183~45387303;
chr6:45388188~45388308;chr6:45389183~45389303;chr6:45390183~45390303;
chr6:45391575~45391695;chr6:45392183~45392303;chr6:45393170~45393290;
chr6:170868101~170868221;chr6:170870383~170870503;chr6:170870720~170870840;
chr6:170872059~170872179;chr6:170872720~170872840;chr6:170873621~170873741;
chr7:27236173~27236293;chr7:27237257~27237377;chr7:27238210~27238330;
chr7:27239609~27239729;chr7:27240235~27240355;chr7:27241235~27241355;
chr7:27242235~27242355;chr8:105597960~105598080;chr8:105598875~105598995;
chr8:105599845~105599965;chr8:105601005~105601125;chr8:105601964~105602084;
chr8:105602938~105603058;chr8:105603879~105603999;chr8:119375733~119375853;
chr8:119376775~119376895;chr8:119377654~119377774;chr8:119379141~119379261;
chr8:119379842~119379962;chr8:119380644~119380764;chr9:27546775~27546895;
chr9:27547092~27547212;chr9:27548219~27548339;chr9:27549241~27549361;
chr9:27550378~27550498;chr9:27551218~27551338;chr9:27554809~27554929;chr9:27555213~27555333;chr9:27556214~27556334;chr9:27557237~27557357;chr9:27558215~27558335;chr9:27559214~27559334;chr9:27560614~27560734;chr9:27561104~27561224;chr9:27562166~27562286;chr9:27563250~27563370;chr9:27564363~27564483;chr9:27565107~27565227;chr9:27566673~27566793;chr9:27567075~27567195;chr9:27568317~27568437;chr9:27569625~27569745;chr9:27570214~27570334;chr9:27571188~27571308;chr9:27572214~27572334;chr9:27573214~27573334;chr9:27574174~27574294;chr9:27575145~27575265;chr9:71648882~71649002;chr9:71650239~71650359;chr9:71650951~71651071;chr9:71651882~71652002;chr9:71652913~71653033;chr9:71654234~71654354;chr9:71655073~71655193;chrX:25028401~25028521;chrX:25029326~25029446;chrX:25030401~25030521;chrX:25031960~25032080;chrX:25032401~25032521;chrX:25033401~25033521;chrX:25034304~25034424;chrX:66761880~66762000;chrX:66762880~66763000;chrX:66764001~66764121;chrX:66764880~66765000;chrX:66765880~66766000;chrX:66766880~66767000;chrX:66767849~66767969;chrX:136645674~136645794;chrX:136646671~136646791;chrX:136647617~136647737;chrX:136648516~136648636;chrX:136649671~136649791;chrX:136650672~136650792;chrX:136651671~136651791;chrX:139583174~139583294;chrX:139584174~139584294;chrX:139585174~139585294;chrX:139586509~139586629;chrX:139587168~139587288;chrX:139588131~139588251;chrX:139589174~139589294;chrX:146990323~146990443;chrX:146991262~146991382;chrX:146992245~146992365;chrX:146993084~146993204;chrX:146994262~146994382;chrX:146995446~146995566;chrX:146996880~146997000;chrX:147578884~147579004;chrX:147579829~147579949;chrX:147580829~147580949;chrX:147581766~147581886;chrX:147582834~147582954;chrX:147583641~147583761;chrX:147584829~147584949;
1.2探针密度与捕获靶区域的覆盖均一性测试
0.5×平均覆盖深度的序列所占百分比,是一种比较常见评估panel覆盖均一性的参数,用于考察低覆盖深度带来的局限性。如果90%以上的靶区域呈现超过0.5×的平均覆盖深度,则Panel的覆盖均一性较好。为此,评估了平均间隔250bp、500bp、1K、2K、3K、4K设计的探针对靶区域覆盖均一性,如图1所示,平均间隔1K设计的探针覆盖均一性明显优于间隔大于1K设计的,平均间隔1K设计的探针与平均间隔小于1K设计的在覆盖均一性方面非常接近,平均间隔1K设计的探针兼具相对较少的探针数目和相对较好的覆盖均一性。因此,平均间隔1K设计的探针拥有最佳的性价比。
2.接头序列
接头由A序列与B序列组合成,
A序列为:
5'~pGATCGGAAGAGCACACGTCTGAACTNNNNNNNNNNACCCACGTCCGCCATA CTTG~3'(SEQID:Adaptor part A;SEQ ID NO:1);
B序列为:
5'~CTTGGAGAACACCCCAAAGGAGATNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNAGTTCAGACGTGTGCTCTTCCGATCT/3SpC3/-3'(SEQ ID:Adaptor part B;SEQ ID NO:2);
上述序列中的p代表磷酸化修饰;N代表A/G/C/T四种碱基的任意一种;/3SpC3/代表硫代磷酸键修饰;A序列NNNNNNNNNN及B序列NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN用于识别不同样品构建的文库。
进一步的,由上述接头A序列与B序列制备成工作接头的具体操作为:
1)溶解引物粉末;
2)在PCR管中等体积混合接头A和接头B;
3)使用PCR程序:95℃,3分钟;1小时缓慢降温至25℃,0.05℃/s下降温度;
即得到工作接头。
3、样品基因组DNA提取及质量评估
取待检测样品外周血0.5~1mL,采用Blood Genomic DNAMini Kit(北京康为世纪生物科技有限公司,外周血)进行基因组DNA提取。通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测基因组的完整性,用Qubit(Life Technologies,美国)对基因组进行浓度测定。选取基因组相对完整且浓度≥25ng/μl的DNA样品进行文库构建。
4.捕获文库的构建
4.1基因组DNA打断
使用Covaris E220非接触式超声破碎仪打断基因组DNA,参数设置如下:Duration600sec、Peak Incident Power 3瓦、Duty Factor 20%、Cycles per Burst 1000。使用0.6倍体积的AMPure PB磁珠进行纯化,制得片段化基因组DNA。
4.2样本末端修复、加接头
4.2.1末端修复,加“A尾”
使用NEB Next Ultra End Repair/dA~Tailing Module试剂盒。
表2.加A尾体系
试剂组分 | 体积(μl) |
NEBNext Ultra II End Prep Enzyme Mix | 3 |
NEBNext Ultra II End Prep Reaction buffer | 7 |
片段化基因组DNA | 50 |
总体积 | 60 |
表3.加A尾体系反应条件
4.2.2接头连接
使用NEB Next Ultra II Ligation Module试剂盒。
表4.接头连接体系
试剂组分 | 体积(μl) |
NEBNext Ultra II Ligtion Master Mix | 30 |
NEBNext Ligation Enhancer | 1 |
Adaptor(工作接头) | 2.5 |
末端修复产物 | 60 |
总体积 | 93.5 |
于PCR仪中,20℃反应15min。随后,使用0.6倍体积的AMPure XP磁珠进行纯化,获得文库溶液。
4.3文库的预扩增
表5.文库的预扩增体系
其中,Primer-F和Primer-R即为文库预扩增的引物,具体为:
Primer-F:5'-CAAGTATGGCGGACGTGGGT-3',SEQ ID NO:3;
Primer-R:5'-CTTGGAGAACACCCCAAAGGA-3',SEQ ID NO:4。
表6.文库的预扩增反应条件
步骤 | 温度 | 循环数 | 时间 |
基因组变性 | 98℃ | 1 | 1min |
变性 | 98℃ | 15sec | |
延伸 | 68℃ | 7 | 10min |
延伸 | 68℃ | 1 | 10min |
保存 | 10℃ | 1 | ...... |
使用0.6倍体积的AMPure XP磁珠回收PCR产物。
4.4杂交捕获靶序列
4.4.1捕获准备
将需要进行捕获的样品等量混合,DNA总量为1μg。
加入4μL Index封闭试剂(Index ABlock、Index B Block),其目的在于分别封闭文库构建中用到的接头A序列和B序列,防止文库上的这两个接头序列和探针杂交。
Index ABlock序列为:5'-CAAGTATGGCGGACGTGGGTNNNNNNNNNNAGTTCAGACGTGTGCTCTTCCGATC-3',SEQ ID NO:5;
Index B Block序列为:5'-AGATCGGAAGAGCACACGTCTGAACTNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNATCTCCTTTGGGGTGTTCTCCAAG-3',SEQ ID NO:6;
上述序列中N代表A/G/C/T四种碱基的任意一种,其中,Index ABlock与接头A序列反向互补;Index B Block与接头B序列反向互补。
震荡混匀,然后,开盖60℃真空浓缩至蒸干;
4.4.2捕获
按照试剂盒xGen Lockdown Reagent Kit(IDT,货号:1072281)的配制杂交buffer,
表7.杂交buffer体系
试剂组分 | 体积(μl) |
2x Hybridization Buffer | 8.5 |
Hybridization Buffer Enhancer | 2.7 |
Nuclease~free Water | 1.8 |
总体积 | 13 |
将表7杂交buffer加入蒸干的样品中,震荡混匀,短暂离心,于PCR仪上95℃,10min。
反应结束后,离心,将13μL样品全部转移至含有4μL捕获探针的PCR管中,用移液器吹吸混匀。于PCR仪上65℃,16小时。
4.5杂交洗脱
4.5.1按照试剂盒xGen Lockdown Reagent Kit(IDT,货号:1072281)的配制洗脱试剂:
表8.洗脱试剂
4.5.2捕获磁珠处理:
a)吸取50μl M280磁珠至离心管中,将离心管置于磁力架上待上清完全澄清,弃上清。
b)加入200μl 1×Bead Wash Buffer(vial 7),混匀,离心,置于磁力架上待上清完全澄清,弃上清。
c)重复步骤b一次。
d)加入100μl 1×Bead Wash Buffer(vial 7),混匀,转移至PCR管中,置于磁力架上待上清完全澄清,弃上清。
4.5.3M280磁珠和目标文库的结合:
a)将17μl杂交体系加入到有磁珠的PCR管中,上下缓慢吹吸混匀,于PCR仪上65℃孵育45min。
4.5.4洗脱:
a)加入100μl 65℃1×Wash Buffer I(vial 1),混匀。置于磁力架上,待上清完全澄清,弃上清。
b)加入200μl 65℃1×Stringent Wash Buffer(vial 4),混匀转移到预热的大离心管中。置于温育仪上,65℃5min。置于磁力架上,待上清完全澄清,弃上清。
c)加入200μl常温1×Wash Buffer I(vial 1),混匀。置于磁力架上,待上清完全澄清,弃上清。
d)加入200μl常温1×Wash Buffer II(vial 2),混匀1。置于磁力架上,待上清完全澄清,弃上清。
e)加入200μl常温1×Wash Buffer III(vial 3),混匀。置于磁力架上,待上清完全澄清,弃上清.
f)短暂离心,使用10μl吸头移去少量剩余液体。
g)使用25μl Nuclease-free Water悬浮磁珠,获得M280磁珠探针混悬液,于-20℃保存。
4.6杂交文库扩增反应体系与反应条件的优化
4.6.1反应体系与反应条件优化的基础体系与条件如下:
上一步得到的M280磁珠探针混悬液,取25μL/文库按照下表在200ml PCR管中进行
表9.杂交文库扩增反应体系
试剂组分 | 体积(μl) |
Nuclease~free Water | 3 |
5×PrimeSTAR GXL Buffer | 10 |
dNTP Mixture | 4 |
Betaine | 5 |
Primer | 2 |
PrimeSTAR GXL DNA Polymerase | 1 |
M280磁珠探针混悬液 | 25 |
总体积 | 50 |
上表所述Primer与上文文库预扩增的引物一致:
Primer F:5'~CAAGTATGGCGGACGTGGGT~3'(SEQ ID NO:3),
Primer~R:5'~CTTGGAGAACACCCCAAAGGA~3'(SEQ ID NO:4)。
表10.杂交文库扩增反应程序
(1)引物浓度的优化:在反应体系其它条件相同的情况下,调整引物Primer-F和Primer-R的浓度,引物在反应体系中的浓度分别为0.1μM、0.2μM、0.4μM、0.5μM、0.6μM、0.8μM和1.0μM。反应条件同上基础反应条件。结果显示,引物浓度为0.5μM时的反应体系的扩增效果最好,确定反应体系中最佳引物浓度是0.5μM。
(2)Betaine浓度的优化:在反应体系其他条件相同的情况下,调整Betaine的浓度,Betaine在反应体系中的浓度分别为0M、0.1M、0.3M、1M、3M和5M。反应条件同上基础反应条件。结果显示,Betaine浓度为1M时的反应体系的扩增效果最好,确定反应体系中Betaine最佳浓度是1M。
(3)酶的优化:在反应体系其他条件相同的情况下,使用不同的DNA聚合酶,所用的DNA聚合酶分别为EX Taq DNA聚合酶、Pfu DNA聚合酶、rTaq DNA聚合酶、PrimeSTAR GXL聚合酶,每个反应体系一种DNA聚合酶,各DNA聚合酶在反应体系中的浓度均相同。反应条件同上基础反应条件。结果显示,PrimeSTAR GXL聚合酶的反应体系的扩增效果最好,确定最佳DNA聚合酶为PrimeSTAR GXL聚合酶。
(4)镁离子浓度的优化:在反应体系其它条件相同的情况下,调整镁离子在反应体系中的浓度,镁离子在反应体系中的浓度分别为0.5mM、1.0mM、2.0mM、3.0mM和4.0mM。反应条件同上基础反应条件。结果显示,镁离子浓度是2mM时的反应体系的扩增效果最好,确定反应体系中最佳镁离子浓度是2mM。
(5)退火温度的优化:反应体系为基础反应体系,在反应的其他条件相同的情况下,调整退火温度进行梯度PCR(退火温度分别为58℃、60℃、62℃和64℃)。结果显示,退火温度是62℃时的反应体系的扩增效果最好,确定最佳退火温度是62℃。
由此得到上述基础反应体系即为最佳反应体系,基础反应条件即为最佳反应条件。
反应结束后,使用0.6倍体积的AMPure XP磁珠进行纯化,最后使用TE溶液洗脱磁珠,转移至新的离心管内,进入下一步操作,或者放在~80℃中备用。
4.7文库质检
文库进行Qbuit检测及Agilent 2100Bioanalyzer检测,检测合格文库(主峰2K以上,判定合格)进行下一步三代测序文库构建。
5.三代测序文库构建及测序
5.1使用Pacbio sequal测序
5.1.1使用建库试剂盒进行建库
5.1.1.1将混好的文库进行修复
表11.修复溶液配制
修复溶液配置好后混匀,离心,放入PCR热循环仪中,进行修复反应,具体条件如下:
表12.修复反应程序
反应步骤 | 反应温度 | 反应时间 |
修复反应 | 37℃ | 30min |
保存 | 4℃ | ...... |
5.1.1.2纯化
使用0.45倍样品体积的PB磁珠进行纯化,最后使用双蒸水洗脱磁珠,-20℃冰箱保存。
5.1.1.3接头连接
表13.连接溶液体系
试剂组分 | 体积(μl) |
经修复反应后的DNA溶液 | 50 |
接头链接缓冲液 | 30 |
DNA连接酶 | 10 |
接头溶液(20μM) | 5 |
去离子水 | 5 |
总体积 | 100 |
混匀,离心,于PCR热循环仪中进行连接反应,具体条件如下:
表14.连接反应程序
反应步骤 | 反应温度 | 反应时间 |
接头连接 | 25℃ | 15h |
保存 | 4℃ | ...... |
5.1.1.4纯化
使用0.45倍样品体积的PB磁珠进行纯化,最后使用双蒸水洗脱磁珠,-20℃冰箱保存。
5.1.2引物退火及Binding反应
按照Pacbio sequal仪器测序标准操作方式进行。
5.1.3三代测序
按照Pacbio sequal仪器标准操作规范进行测序。
5.2使用Oxford Nanopore PromethION测序
5.2.1样本末端修复
取DNA,置于冰上,加入NEB末端修复/加A尾连接试剂,混匀。20℃孵育40分钟,65℃孵育20分钟。
5.2.2DNA纯化
将1×AMPure beads加入DNA中,室温孵育15min,室温磁力架吸附5min,吸弃上清。
加入80%乙醇,磁力架吸附,弃上清,重复一次。室温晾干。
添加Ultra Pure Water,37℃下吹打洗脱。
磁力架上静置5min,吸取上清,即为纯化后的DNA。
5.2.3接头连接
加入NEB T4 DNA快速连接buffer、NEB T4 DNA快速连接酶和接头,混匀,20℃孵育20min。
5.2.4DNA纯化
将0.8×AMPure beads加入PCR产物中,室温孵育5min,室温磁力架吸附2min,吸弃上清。加入200μl SFB吹打混匀,磁力架吸附,弃上清,重复一次。添加EB 15μl,吹打洗脱。磁力架上静置5min,吸取上清,即为纯化后的DNA。
5.2.5Priming及Loading操作
按照Oxford Nanopore PromethION测序标准操作方式进行。
5.2.6三代测序
按照Oxford Nanopore PromethION仪器标准操作规范进行测序。
6.生物信息学分析
6.1拆分各样品数据
若下机数据为多样品混测,根据各样品的标签序列拆分出每个样品的数据。
6.2数据过滤
根据各平台数据特点,生成高质量数据。
ONT平台过滤掉质量值较低的数据。Pacbio平台采用官方软件生成高质量的一致性序列。
6.3数据评估
将高质量的数据比对到人类全基因组参考序列,采取唯一比对(即单条序列只能唯一比对到基因组的一个位置)。
统计目标区域的序列数,评估捕获效率、目标区域覆盖深度、覆盖完整性。
若数据不合格(合格的标准是:靶区域的测序覆盖度,要求30倍覆盖度不低于95%),根据情况进行补测数据。
6.4STR位点串联重复拷贝数检测
检测目标区域的STR位点串联重复拷贝数,并筛选出重复拷贝数达到致病阈值的STR位点,数据计算过程使用的生物信息学分析软件为自主研发的GrandSTR,该软件数据计算流程如图2。
6.4.1提取read中的STR区域序列:根据bam格式比对文件,从参考序列STR区域坐标往两侧延伸30bp提取对应read中的STR区域序列。如果根据bam格式比对文件未提取出STR区域序列,则重比对参考序列与read序列,并提取read中的STR区域序列。
6.4.2计算read中STR序列的重复次数:如果考虑motif发生改变的情况,对于提取的read中的STR序列,从头计算其中的重复单元,看是否都与预期的重复单元一致。如果重复单元一致,则认为motif没有发生改变。将STR序列与STR重复单元多次拷贝的模板序列比对,调整边界,去除比对结果两端比对较差的序列或者往两端延伸比对较好的序列,计算相似性和重复次数。
6.4.3高斯混合模型计算重复次数峰值:根据多条reads中的STR序列重复次数,使用高斯混合模型设置n_component参数为1或2拟合重复次数的分布,并计算AIC(Akaikeinformation criterion),选择AIC较小的模型。如果选择的模型的n_component为1,直接返回模型的峰值平均值做为样本的重复次数。如果选择的模型的n_component为2,则选择模型的峰值平均值附近且read数目大于等于最小read数目阈值(为2)的重复次数,作为该STR在样本中的重复次数。
6.5变异的验证。
将筛选出的存在STR扩张的位点进行其它手段验证。
本实施例对20个经临床表型观测确诊为动态突变疾病的家系,累计60份样本;进行了STR位点检测,并将本发明检测结果与二代测序结果进行了对比,不一致的结果进行了一代验证。检测过程中,实验人员、数据分析人员均不知道样本的基因型及表现型,以确保结果的可信性。检测结果如下表15:
表15.检测结果
备注:N/A表示未检测。Southern杂交验证由于其自身分辨率的限制,误差为±50bp,故Southern杂交验证检测值在扣除误差因素后,落入本方法检测结果数值范围内则本视为与本方法检测结果一致。
同时进行了STR位点串联重复拷贝数检测软件比较,将本测试数据用已有的STR分析工具包括Straglr、repeatHMM、tandem-genotypes、PACMONSTR与自主研发的GrandSTR进行了对比。repeat理论数值在1~100范围内的检测值与理论值偏差±2视为一致;repeat理论数值在101~300范围内的检测值与理论值偏差±5视为一致;repeat理论数值在300以上的检测值与理论值偏差±15视为一致。比对结果如下:
表16.STR位点串联重复拷贝数检测软件比较
以上比对结果表明本发明生信软件GrandSTR结果与repeat理论数值100%一致,Straglr、repeatHMM、tandem-genotypes和PACMONSTR软件结果均有多例样本与repeat理论数值不符。这表明本发明生信软件GrandSTR结果优于Straglr、repeatHMM、tandem-genotypes和PACMONSTR软件结果。
以上仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (13)
1.探针组合,其满足如下I)~III)所示要求:
I)、靶向以下动物来源STR位点:SCA1、SCA2、SCA3、SCA6、SCA7、SCA8、SCA10、SCA12、SCA17、SCA31、SCA36、SCA37、SCA50、CANVAS、DRPLA、FRDA、GDPAG、FAME1、FAME2、FAME3、FAME4、FAME6、FAME7、EPM1A、OPDM1、OPDM2、OPDM3、OPDM4、DM1、DM2、SBMA、FTDALS1、FECD3HD、HDL1、HDL2、DIP2B、FXS、SPD1、CCHS、CBL、HFG、BPES、XLMR、EIF4A3、TBX1、ZIC3、NIPA1、POLG、THAP11、OPML1、HPE5、AFF2、DBQD2、RUNX2、ARX、HMN、DIP2B;
II)、在如I)所示STR位点的上、下游分别延伸3Kb的区域设计;每两个相邻探针所覆盖位点的平均间隔为500bp~2kb;
III)、探针长度为50~130bp,GC含量40%~60%、无发夹结构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的探针组合,其特征在于,
所述STR位点来源为人;
每两个相邻探针所覆盖位点的平均间隔为1000bp;
所述探针长度为120bp。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的探针组合,其特征在于,包括如下所示1483条序列中的至少一种:
chr1:1437017~1437137;chr1:1438571~1438691;chr1:57829425~57829545;chr1:57830517~57830637;chr1:57831425~57831545;chr1:57832425~57832545;chr1:57833629~57833749;chr1:57834466~57834586;chr1:57835480~57835600;chr1:145206532~145206652;chr1:145207288~145207408;chr1:145208311~145208431;chr1:145209962~145210082;chr1:145210288~145210408;chr1:145211300~145211420;chr1:145212288~145212408;chr1:145213274~145213394;chr1:145214286~145214406;chr1:145215290~145215410;chr1:145216288~145216408;chr1:145217288~145217408;chr1:145218909~145219029;chr1:145219293~145219413;chr1:145220689~145220809;chr1:145221288~145221408;chr1:145222318~145222438;chr1:145223625~145223745;chr1:145224470~145224590;chr1:145225356~145225476;chr1:145226285~145226405;chr1:145227211~145227331;chr1:145228288~145228408;chr1:145229159~145229279;chr1:145230409~145230529;chr1:145231373~145231493;chr1:145232288~145232408;chr1:145233325~145233445;chr1:145234335~145234455;chr1:145235288~145235408;chr1:145236288~145236408;chr1:145237288~145237408;chr1:145238344~145238464;chr1:145239591~145239711;chr1:145240288~145240408;chr1:145241317~145241437;chr1:145242272~145242392;chr1:145243288~145243408;chr1:145244250~145244370;chr1:145245889~145246009;chr1:145246316~145246436;chr1:145247260~145247380;chr1:145248519~145248639;chr1:145249596~145249716;chr1:145250288~145250408;chr1:145251391~145251511;chr1:145252319~145252439;chr1:145253288~145253408;chr1:145254301~145254421;chr1:145255810~145255930;chr1:145256210~145256330;chr1:145257372~145257492;chr1:145258288~145258408;chr1:145259291~145259411;chr1:145260288~145260408;chr1:145261344~145261464;chr1:145262288~145262408;chr1:145263288~145263408;chr1:145264228~145264348;chr1:145265288~145265408;chr1:145266356~145266476;chr1:145267349~145267469;chr1:145268264~145268384;chr1:145269425~145269545;chr1:145270604~145270724;chr1:145271482~145271602;chr1:145272507~145272627;chr1:145273288~145273408;chr1:145274288~145274408;chr1:145275187~145275307;chr1:145277244~145277364;chr1:145278529~145278649;chr1:145279233~145279353;chr1:145280229~145280349;chr1:145281288~145281408;chr1:145282265~145282385;chr1:145283304~145283424;chr1:145284349~145284469;chr1:145285944~145286064;chr10:79823547~79823667;chr10:79825547~79825667;chr10:79826550~79826670;chr10:79827547~79827667;chr10:79828547~79828667;chr11:119073928~119074048;chr11:119074888~119075008;chr11:119075687~119075807;chr11:119076506~119076626;chr11:119077687~119077807;chr11:119078592~119078712;chr11:119079637~119079757;chr12:7042630~7042750;chr12:7043579~7043699;chr12:7044579~7044699;chr12:7045579~7045699;chr12:7046579~7046699;chr12:7047579~7047699;chr12:7048510~7048630;chr12:50895378~50895498;chr12:50896429~50896549;chr12:50897539~50897659;chr12:50898467~50898587;chr12:50899467~50899587;chr12:50900441~50900561;chr12:50901689~50901809;chr12:112034117~112034237;chr12:112034810~112034930;chr12:112035459~112035579;chr12:112036459~112036579;chr12:112037496~112037616;chr12:112038304~112038424;chr12:112039975~112040095;chr12:124015026~124015146;chr12:124015955~124016075;chr12:124016955~124017075;chr12:124017955~124018075;chr12:124018964~124019084;chr12:124020906~124021026;chr13:70710164~70710284;chr13:70711074~70711194;chr13:70712270~70712390;chr13:70713264~70713384;chr13:70714209~70714329;chr13:70715019~70715139;chr13:70716828~70716948;chr13:100634917~100635037;chr13:100635424~100635544;chr13:100636395~100636515;chr13:100637892~100638012;chr13:100638360~100638480;chr13:100639363~100639483;chr13:100640395~100640515;chr14:23787878~23787998;chr14:23788567~23788687;chr14:23789366~23789486;chr14:23790366~23790486;chr14:23791366~23791486;chr14:23792367~23792487;chr14:23793375~23793495;chr14:92534044~92534164;chr14:92535187~92535307;chr14:92536138~92536258;chr14:92537151~92537271;chr14:92538046~92538166;chr14:92539185~92539305;chr14:92540707~92540827;chr15:23083375~23083495;chr15:23084360~23084480;chr15:23085096~23085216;chr15:23086586~23086706;chr15:23087428~23087548;chr15:23088540~23088660;chr15:23089134~23089254;chr15:89873493~89873613;chr15:89874493~89874613;chr15:89875641~89875761;chr15:89876938~89877058;chr15:89877458~89877578;chr15:89878493~89878613;chr15:89879496~89879616;chr16:17561442~17561562;chr16:17562442~17562562;chr16:17563442~17563562;chr16:17564860~17564980;chr16:17565431~17565551;chr16:17566693~17566813;chr16:17567442~17567562;chr16:24621476~24621596;chr16:24622522~24622642;chr16:24623476~24623596;chr16:24624507~24624627;chr16:24625476~24625596;chr16:24626477~24626597;chr16:24627778~24627898;chr16:66518300~66518420;chr16:66519300~66519420;chr16:66520440~66520560;chr16:66521300~66521420;chr16:66522197~66522317;chr16:66523300~66523420;chr16:66524361~66524481;chr16:66525300~66525420;chr16:66526641~66526761;chr16:66527302~66527422;chr16:87634582~87634702;chr16:87635536~87635656;chr16:87636641~87636761;chr16:87637637~87637757;chr16:87638401~87638521;chr16:87639587~87639707;chr16:87640582~87640702;chr17:43972331~43972451;chr17:43973102~43973222;chr17:43973963~43974083;chr17:78117372~78117492;chr17:78118501~78118621;chr17:78119501~78119621;chr17:78120564~78120684;chr17:78121812~78121932;chr17:78123544~78123664;chr18:53250101~53250221;chr18:53251093~53251213;chr18:53252504~53252624;chr18:53253093~53253213;
chr18:53254173~53254293;chr18:53254977~53255097;chr18:53256077~53256197;
chr19:14603539~14603659;chr19:14605171~14605291;chr19:14605540~14605660;
chr19:14606416~14606536;chr19:14607540~14607660;chr19:14608531~14608651;
chr19:14610091~14610211;chr19:46270432~46270552;chr19:46271036~46271156;
chr19:46272083~46272203;chr19:46273172~46273292;chr19:46273994~46274114;
chr19:46275164~46275284;chr19:46276164~46276284;chr2:96859118~96859238;
chr2:96860436~96860556;chr2:96861118~96861238;chr2:96863669~96863789;
chr2:96864176~96864296;chr2:96865515~96865635;chr2:176954477~176954597;
chr2:176955477~176955597;chr2:176956466~176956586;chr2:176957981~176958101;
chr2:176958477~176958597;chr2:176959477~176959597;chr2:176960343~176960463;
chr2:191742293~191742413;chr2:191743309~191743429;chr2:191744553~191744673;
chr2:191745311~191745431;chr2:191746517~191746637;chr2:191747623~191747743;
chr2:191748438~191748558;chr20:2630212~2630332;chr20:2631057~2631177;
chr20:2632336~2632456;chr20:2632913~2633033;chr20:2634073~2634193;
chr20:2635073~2635193;chr20:2636073~2636193;chr20:4696828~4696948;
chr20:4697550~4697670;chr20:4698550~4698670;chr20:4700083~4700203;
chr20:4700603~4700723;chr20:4701550~4701670;chr21:45193012~45193132;
chr21:45194012~45194132;chr21:45195159~45195279;chr21:45196580~45196700;
chr21:45198104~45198224;chr21:45198831~45198951;chr22:19750934~19751054;
chr22:19752022~19752142;chr22:19752871~19752991;chr22:19754659~19754779;
chr22:19755065~19755185;chr22:19755978~19756098;chr22:19756944~19757064;
chr22:46188154~46188274;chr22:46188895~46189015;chr22:46190055~46190175;
chr22:46190940~46191060;chr22:46193019~46193139;chr22:46193999~46194119;
chr3:63895345~63895465;chr3:63895954~63896074;chr3:63897101~63897221;
chr3:63898160~63898280;chr3:63899047~63899167;chr3:63900072~63900192;
chr3:63901033~63901153;chr3:128888127~128888247;chr3:128889116~128889236;
chr3:128890166~128890286;chr3:128891674~128891794;chr3:128892164~128892284;
chr3:128892977~128893097;chr3:128894625~128894745;chr3:138661554~138661674;
chr3:138662695~138662815;chr3:138663585~138663705;chr3:138665214~138665334;
chr3:138665947~138666067;chr3:138666554~138666674;chr3:138667554~138667674;
chr3:183426978~183427098;chr3:183428103~183428223;chr3:183428637~183428757;
chr3:183429465~183429585;chr3:183430452~183430572;chr3:183432258~183432378;
chr3:183432552~183432672;chr4:3073276~3073396;chr4:3074147~3074267;
chr4:3075208~3075328;chr4:3076348~3076468;chr4:3077306~3077426;
chr4:3078306~3078426;chr4:3079614~3079734;chr4:39346895~39347015;
chr4:39348328~39348448;chr4:39348855~39348975;chr4:39349588~39349708;
chr4:39350975~39351095;chr4:39351744~39351864;chr4:39352928~39353048;
chr4:41744792~41744912;chr4:41745680~41745800;chr4:41746680~41746800;
chr4:41747645~41747765;chr4:41748680~41748800;chr4:41749680~41749800;
chr4:41750680~41750800;chr4:160260394~160260514;chr4:160261891~160262011;
chr4:160262428~160262548;chr4:160263243~160263363;chr4:160264394~160264514;
chr4:160265404~160265524;chr4:160266394~160266514;chr5:10353157~10353277;
chr5:10354326~10354446;chr5:10355199~10355319;chr5:10356106~10356226;
chr5:10357157~10357277;chr5:10358196~10358316;chr5:10359358~10359478;chr5:146254976~146255096;chr5:146255977~146256097;chr5:146256977~146257097;chr5:146257981~146258101;chr5:146258977~146259097;chr5:146259981~146260101;chr5:146260821~146260941;chr6:16324738~16324858;chr6:16325613~16325733;chr6:16326590~16326710;chr6:16328037~16328157;chr6:16328580~16328700;chr6:16329580~16329700;chr6:16330486~16330606;chr6:45387183~45387303;chr6:45388188~45388308;chr6:45389183~45389303;chr6:45390183~45390303;chr6:45391575~45391695;chr6:45392183~45392303;chr6:45393170~45393290;chr6:170868101~170868221;chr6:170870383~170870503;chr6:170870720~170870840;chr6:170872059~170872179;chr6:170872720~170872840;chr6:170873621~170873741;chr7:27236173~27236293;chr7:27237257~27237377;chr7:27238210~27238330;chr7:27239609~27239729;chr7:27240235~27240355;chr7:27241235~27241355;chr7:27242235~27242355;chr8:105597960~105598080;chr8:105598875~105598995;chr8:105599845~105599965;chr8:105601005~105601125;chr8:105601964~105602084;chr8:105602938~105603058;chr8:105603879~105603999;chr8:119375733~119375853;chr8:119376775~119376895;chr8:119377654~119377774;chr8:119379141~119379261;chr8:119379842~119379962;chr8:119380644~119380764;chr9:27546775~27546895;chr9:27547092~27547212;chr9:27548219~27548339;chr9:27549241~27549361;chr9:27550378~27550498;chr9:27551218~27551338;chr9:27554809~27554929;chr9:27555213~27555333;chr9:27556214~27556334;chr9:27557237~27557357;chr9:27558215~27558335;chr9:27559214~27559334;chr9:27560614~27560734;chr9:27561104~27561224;chr9:27562166~27562286;chr9:27563250~27563370;chr9:27564363~27564483;chr9:27565107~27565227;chr9:27566673~27566793;chr9:27567075~27567195;chr9:27568317~27568437;chr9:27569625~27569745;chr9:27570214~27570334;chr9:27571188~27571308;chr9:27572214~27572334;chr9:27573214~27573334;chr9:27574174~27574294;chr9:27575145~27575265;chr9:71648882~71649002;chr9:71650239~71650359;chr9:71650951~71651071;chr9:71651882~71652002;chr9:71652913~71653033;chr9:71654234~71654354;chr9:71655073~71655193;chrX:25028401~25028521;chrX:25029326~25029446;chrX:25030401~25030521;chrX:25031960~25032080;chrX:25032401~25032521;chrX:25033401~25033521;chrX:25034304~25034424;chrX:66761880~66762000;chrX:66762880~66763000;chrX:66764001~66764121;chrX:66764880~66765000;chrX:66765880~66766000;chrX:66766880~66767000;chrX:66767849~66767969;chrX:136645674~136645794;chrX:136646671~136646791;chrX:136647617~136647737;chrX:136648516~136648636;chrX:136649671~136649791;chrX:136650672~136650792;chrX:136651671~136651791;chrX:139583174~139583294;chrX:139584174~139584294;chrX:139585174~139585294;chrX:139586509~139586629;chrX:139587168~139587288;chrX:139588131~139588251;chrX:139589174~139589294;chrX:146990323~146990443;chrX:146991262~146991382;chrX:146992245~146992365;chrX:146993084~146993204;chrX:146994262~146994382;chrX:146995446~146995566;chrX:146996880~146997000;chrX:147578884~147579004;chrX:147579829~147579949;chrX:147580829~147580949;chrX:147581766~147581886;chrX:147582834~147582954;chrX:147583641~147583761;chrX:147584829~147584949。
4.根据权利要求1~3任一项所述的探针组合,其特征在于,所述探组合中的每个探针都连接有标记物,所述标记物选自生物素、亲和素、抗生物素蛋白、抗体或化学偶联剂中的至少一种。
5.STR位点的测序方法,其包括以下步骤:
步骤1、待测样品中的基因组DNA经打断、末端修复、加接头、扩增后获得DNA文库;
步骤2、权利要求1~4任一项所述的探针组合经封闭后与所述DNA文库杂交获得预杂交文库,预杂交文库经扩增,获得杂交文库;
步骤3、对杂交文库进行三代测序后分析数据,获得STR位点序列信息。
6.根据权利要求5所述的测序方法,其特征在于,步骤1中,
打断后的基因片段大小为4.5~5.5kb;
接头包括接头A和接头B,接头A的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示,接头B的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2所示;
扩增的引物包括Primer-F和Primer-R,Primer-F的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:3所示,Primer-R的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:4所示。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的测序方法,其特征在于,步骤2中,
所述封闭使用封闭引物,所述封闭引物包括Index A Block和Index B Block,Index ABlock的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:5所示,Index B Block的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:6所示;
扩增的引物包括Primer-F和Primer-R,Primer-F的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:3所示,Primer-R的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:4所示;
扩增体系包括:0M~5M Betaine、0.1μM~1.0μM Primer F、0.1μM~0.5μM Primer R、0.5mM~4.0mM Mg2+、8vol%dNTP Mixture、聚合酶、聚合酶缓冲液、预杂交文库;所述dNTPMixture中各dNTP的浓度为0.5mM~5mM;所述聚合酶选自EX Taq DNA聚合酶、Pfu DNA聚合酶、rTaq DNA聚合酶和/或PrimeSTAR GXL聚合酶中的至少一种;
扩增程序包括:98℃1min;98℃15sec,58℃~64℃15sec,68℃6min,18cycle;68℃5min。
8.根据权利要求7所述的测序方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2中,
扩增体系为:1M Betaine、0.5μM Primer F、0.5μM Primer R、2mM Mg2+、8vol%dNTPMixture、2vol%PrimeSTAR GXL DNA Polymerase、20vol%5×PrimeSTAR GXL Buffer、50vol%预杂交文库;dNTP Mixture中各dNTP的浓度为2.5mM;
扩增程序包括:98℃1min;98℃15sec,62℃15sec,68℃6min,18cycle;68℃5min。
9.根据权利要求5~8任一项所述的测序方法,其特征在于,步骤3中,所述分析数据的方法为:提取STR区域序列数据后选择参数n_component为1或2时计算得出的AIC值较小的高斯混合模型,判断STR重复次数。
10.根据权利要求9所述的测序方法,其特征在于,判断STR重复次数的标准为:
选择的模型的n_component为1,则直接返回模型的峰值平均值做为样本的重复次数;
选择的模型的n_component为2,则选择模型的峰值平均值附近且read数目大于等于最小read数目阈值2的重复次数,作为该STR在样本中的重复次数。
11.如下所示中的至少一项在制备STR位点相关疾病筛查试剂盒中的应用:
I)、权利要求1~4任一项所述的探针组合;
II)、权利要求5~10任一项所述的测序方法。
12.根据权利要求11所述的应用,其特征在于,所述STR位点包括:DRPLA、FRDA、GDPAG、FAME1、FAME2、FAME3、FAME4、FAME6、FAME7、EPM1A、OPDM1、OPDM2、OPDM3、OPDM4、DM1、DM2、SBMA、FTDALS1、FECD3 HD、HDL1、HDL2、DIP2B、FXS、SPD1、CCHS、CBL HFG、BPES、XLMR、EIF4A3、TBX1、ZIC3、NIPA1、POLG、THAP11、OPML1、HPE5、AFF2、DBQD2、RUNX2、ARX、HMN和/或DIP2B中的至少一种。
13.STR位点检测的产品,其包括权利要求1~4任意一项所述的探针组合、固相载体、接头序列、接头封闭序列、用于与所述接头序列结合并扩增核酸片段的引物、DNA提取体系、PCR反应缓冲液、无核酸酶的水、DNA聚合酶、分子量marker、靶序列洗脱液、末端修复酶、末端修复缓冲液、DNA连接酶中的一种或多种。
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