CN116042287A - 一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116042287A CN116042287A CN202310065602.4A CN202310065602A CN116042287A CN 116042287 A CN116042287 A CN 116042287A CN 202310065602 A CN202310065602 A CN 202310065602A CN 116042287 A CN116042287 A CN 116042287A
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- Prior art keywords
- resistant
- lubricating oil
- phosphorus
- wear
- oxidation
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- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000013556 antirust agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010725 compressor oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- -1 calcium carbonate compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- RAADJDWNEAXLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-di(nonyl)naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(CCCCCCCCC)C(CCCCCCCCC)=CC=C21 RAADJDWNEAXLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VFBJXXJYHWLXRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]ethylsulfanyl]ethyl 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCCSCCOC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 VFBJXXJYHWLXRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RUFPHBVGCFYCNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=CC=CC2=C1 RUFPHBVGCFYCNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RMKNTZWZQFIOOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyl-2-octyl-n-phenylaniline Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1N(CCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 RMKNTZWZQFIOOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- UDFARPRXWMDFQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-ditert-butyl-4-[(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylsulfanylmethyl]phenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CSCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 UDFARPRXWMDFQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-benzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=NC2=C1 HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- JDSQBDGCMUXRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-butoxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCOC(C)COC(C)COC(C)CO JDSQBDGCMUXRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 101100407037 Oryza sativa subsp. japonica PAO6 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- QAPVYZRWKDXNDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N P,P-Dioctyldiphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC(CCCCCCCC)=CC=C1NC1=CC=C(CCCCCCCC)C=C1 QAPVYZRWKDXNDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Substances [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KWKXNDCHNDYVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 KWKXNDCHNDYVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010696 ester oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002503 polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 150000008301 phosphite esters Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- QDCPNGVVOWVKJG-VAWYXSNFSA-N 2-[(e)-dodec-1-enyl]butanedioic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC\C=C\C(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O QDCPNGVVOWVKJG-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YSIQDTZQRDDQNF-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium(2+);2,3-di(nonyl)naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].C1=CC=C2C(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C(CCCCCCCCC)C(CCCCCCCCC)=CC2=C1.C1=CC=C2C(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C(CCCCCCCCC)C(CCCCCCCCC)=CC2=C1 YSIQDTZQRDDQNF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- XMQYIPNJVLNWOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl hydrogen phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOP(O)OCCCCCCCC XMQYIPNJVLNWOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BZWGENDDUSTHIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron phosphorous acid Chemical compound [Fe].P(O)(O)O BZWGENDDUSTHIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001565 benzotriazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BVEGNPSFKQMTQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;1,2-di(nonyl)naphthalene Chemical compound [Ca].C1=CC=CC2=C(CCCCCCCCC)C(CCCCCCCCC)=CC=C21 BVEGNPSFKQMTQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MKFUUBCXQNCPIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;2,3-di(nonyl)naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].C1=CC=C2C(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C(CCCCCCCCC)C(CCCCCCCCC)=CC2=C1.C1=CC=C2C(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C(CCCCCCCCC)C(CCCCCCCCC)=CC2=C1 MKFUUBCXQNCPIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012084 conversion product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008979 phosphorus utilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-K thiophosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=S RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- KWQPWOQUXSQDNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4-trimethylphenyl) dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(C)=C1C KWQPWOQUXSQDNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-phenyl aniline Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCJQWJKKTGJDCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].[S] Chemical compound [P].[S] QCJQWJKKTGJDCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001556 benzimidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OSPSWZSRKYCQPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutoxy(oxo)phosphanium Chemical compound CCCCO[P+](=O)OCCCC OSPSWZSRKYCQPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVXOPEOQUQWRHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCOP([O-])OCCCC BVXOPEOQUQWRHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BAKDLAFAVHBXHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctadecyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOP([O-])OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC BAKDLAFAVHBXHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002473 indoazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LXXDUCAGSSICDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);phosphite Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])[O-] LXXDUCAGSSICDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006078 metal deactivator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006557 surface reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
- C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
- C07F9/08—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
- C07F9/141—Esters of phosphorous acids
- C07F9/142—Esters of phosphorous acids with hydroxyalkyl compounds without further substituents on alkyl
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/044—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
- C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
- C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/2835—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
- C10M2209/1045—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/105—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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Abstract
本申请涉及润滑油领域，具体公开了一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油及其制备方法和应用，所述润滑油包括以下重量百分比原料：含磷抗磨剂：0.01‑0.5%，余量为基础油和其它助剂；其中，所述含磷抗磨剂由以下方法制得：将二烷基亚磷酸酯和水混合，在30‑70℃下搅拌0.5h‑72h；然后升温至80‑110℃，搅拌去除游离水，待均一透明时停止搅拌，得到二烷基亚磷酸酯和水反应的含磷抗磨剂；其制备方法包括以下步骤：在含磷抗磨剂中加入防锈剂混合，50‑80℃下搅拌30‑90min，然后加入其它原料，继续搅拌至均一透明，即得。本申请还公开了上述耐磨抗氧化润滑油作为空气压缩机油在压缩机设备中的应用。
Description
技术领域
本申请涉及润滑油领域，更具体地说，它涉及一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
近年来，化工设备日益朝着大型化、高载荷、高温度、高压力(重负荷)的操作方向发展，对空气压缩机的安全可靠性也提出了更高的要求，而要保证压缩机安全可靠工作，其重要环节之一就是选择正确合适的空气压缩机润滑油。
一方面，由于空气压缩机润滑油处在高温高压环境下，与空气长期接触，极易被氧化变质，因此高温氧化安定性是空气压缩机油的主要质量指标，也是本领域技术人员重点关注和研究的性能；另一方面，要在高载荷、高温度、高压力的工况环境中安全运行，空压油仅提升高温氧化安定性是不够的，还需具有极好的抗磨润滑性，以有效保护螺杆、轴承、齿轮等设备，保证压缩机运行寿命，降低能耗等。
但是目前润滑油的抗磨性能和氧化性能的改善是存在矛盾的，抗磨性能的改善，需要加入较多的含S、P元素的极压抗磨剂，如申请公布号为CN 103897790 A的中国专利中添加了0.6％的硫代磷酸含氮衍生物抗磨剂，油品磨斑直径也仅到0.53mm，抗磨性能一般，且过多S、P存在会加速油品氧化，影响油品氧化安定性。申请公布号为CN 111088095 A的中国专利选择纳米金属氧化物替代硫磷抗磨剂作为极压抗磨剂，但抗磨性能没有改善，磨斑直径0.57mm左右，并且纳米颗粒在润滑油中分散性差，不利于长久储存。
因此如何实现氧化和抗磨平衡，尽可能使油品最大限度的发挥出氧化安定性和极压抗磨性能，成为本领域科研人员持续努力的方向。
发明内容
为了同时具有良好的氧化安定性和极压抗磨性能，本申请提供一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油及其制备方法和应用。
第一方面，本申请提供一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油，采用如下的技术方案：
一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油，包括以下重量百分比原料：
含磷抗磨剂：0.01-0.5％，余量为基础油和其它助剂；
其中，所述含磷抗磨剂由以下方法制得：
将二烷基亚磷酸酯和水混合，在30-70℃下搅拌0.5h-72h；
然后升温至80-110℃，搅拌去除游离水，待均一透明时停止搅拌，得到二烷基亚磷酸酯和水反应的含磷抗磨剂；
所述二烷基亚磷酸酯具有以下结构：
其中，R1与R2均为烷基，R1和R2的碳原子数为C1-C20。
通过采用上述技术方案，本申请中选用具有特定结构的二烷基亚磷酸酯，利用其化学性能不稳定的特性，通过与水转化反应方法，制备出的含磷抗磨剂的极压抗磨性能大大增强，而且相较于常用直接将二烷基亚磷酸酯作为抗磨剂使用，常规二烷基亚磷酸酯抗磨剂需要一定的外界条件反应生成亚磷酸铁保护膜发挥抗磨作用，而且在一定载荷等外界条件下也只有一部分发生反应；
而本申请中经过与水反应后的含磷抗磨剂在不同程度的负荷作用下，可以缩短与金属表面反应时间，而且与金属表面接触后参与有效物质更多，提升与金属表面反应的磷利用率，从而可以生成更多的有机亚磷酸铁膜和/或无机亚磷酸铁保护膜，从而更好保护金属表面，极大提升含磷抗磨剂的极压抗磨性能，本申请含磷抗磨剂较常规的硫、磷极压抗磨剂，极压抗磨性能更加突出，而且其在较小添加量下就起到优异的极压抗磨性能，添加量≤0.5wt％，远低于常规1wt％的添加量，降低由于抗磨剂添加导致的氧化安定性损失，从而可以实现低添加量高抗磨性能，减少磷元素与油品高温氧化性能的催化干扰等负面影响，得到氧化安定性和极压抗磨性能均优异的润滑油。
而且，本申请制得的含磷抗氧剂虽然酸值增加，但是不含S、Cl等活性元素，所以对金属部件如铜等不会产生腐蚀，而且本申请最终制得的润滑油不仅抗磨耐磨性能优异，抗氧化性能突出，而且还具有良好的金属腐蚀性、防锈性能、分散清净性，综合性能优异。
可选的，所述耐磨抗氧化润滑油包括以下重量百分比原料：
含磷抗磨剂：0.01-0.5％，更加优选为0.05-0.3％；
防锈剂：0.01-1.0％，更加优选为0.02-0.5％；
抗氧剂：0.3-3％，更加优选为0.5-2％；
金属钝化剂：0.01-0.5％，更加优选为0.03-0.1％；
破乳剂：0.0001-0.1％，更加优选为0.001-0.01％；
消泡剂：0.0005-0.05％，更加优选为0.001-0.01％；
基础油：余量。
可选的，所述二烷基亚磷酸酯分子结构中的R1与R2为相同的烷基，R1和R2的碳原子数优选C4-C18。
通过采用上述技术方案，选用相同烷基的二烷基亚磷酸酯与水反应后得到的含磷抗磨剂的抗磨性能更加优异。
可选的，所述含磷抗磨剂制备时水的添加量为二烷基亚磷酸酯重量的0.1-20％，更加优选为1-15％，所述含磷抗磨剂的酸值在50-600mg KOH/g之间，更加优选在100-300mgKOH/g之间。
通过采用上述技术方案，通过对于水添加量的控制，配合搅拌时间和搅拌温度的控制，制得含磷抗磨剂的酸值在50-600mg KOH/g之间，更加优选在100-300mg KOH/g之间，含磷抗磨剂的酸值代表了二烷基亚磷酸酯和水的反应程度，两者发生转化程度，使得通过本申请方法制得含磷抗磨剂应用的润滑油在酸值满足条件情况下的极压抗磨性能更优，润滑油的综合性能优异。
可选的，所述防锈剂为磺酸盐类抗磨剂。
可选的，所述防锈剂选用二壬基萘磺酸钙、二壬基萘磺酸钡、二壬基萘磺酸钙/碳酸钙复合物中的一种或多种。
通过采用上述技术方案，选用磺酸盐类防锈剂与二烷基亚磷酸酯的转化产物具有较好的配伍性，一方面相对于其他如烯基丁二酸及其衍生物类防锈剂，选用磺酸盐类防锈剂与含磷抗磨剂复配后可以增强含磷抗磨剂在润滑油中的溶解性，制备出外观均一稳定的润滑油；另一方面也有利于降低润滑油的酸值。
可选的，所述抗氧剂选用胺类抗氧剂和酚类抗氧剂中的一种或多种；
和/或，所述金属润滑剂选用苯三唑或其衍生物、苯并噻唑或其衍生物、苯并咪唑或其衍生物、吲唑或其衍生物中的一种或多种；
和/或，所述破乳剂选用聚氧亚烷基醚、聚氧亚烷基脂肪酸酯和环氧化合物中的一种或多种；
和/或，所述消泡剂选用有机硅类消泡剂、聚烷基丙烯酸酯消泡剂中的一种或多种；
所述基础油包括矿物油、聚α烯烃、聚醚、酯类油、烷基苯中的一种或多种。
可选的，所述抗氧剂包括胺类抗氧剂和酚类抗氧剂的混合物，所述胺类抗氧剂包括：对,对-二辛基二苯胺、辛基丁基二苯胺、萘胺中的一种或多种；所述酚类抗氧剂包括：双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)硫醚和2,2'-硫代二乙基双[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基)丙酸酯]中的一种或两种；
和/或，所述破乳剂选用环氧丙烷/环氧乙烷嵌段共聚物和聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯丙二醇醚中的一种或两种；
和/或，所述消泡剂选用二甲基聚硅氧烷消泡剂；
和/或，所述基础油选用矿物油150N、矿物油250N、矿物油500N、十二烷基苯、PAO10、PAO8、PAO6、聚环氧丙烷单丁醚、多元醇酯中的一种或多种。
可选的，所述含磷抗磨剂和防锈剂的质量比为(0.2-10)：1，优选(1-5)：1。
第二方面，本申请提供一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油的制备方法，采用如下的技术方案：一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
在含磷抗磨剂中加入防锈剂混合，50-80℃下搅拌30-90min，然后加入其它原料，继续搅拌至均一透明，即得。
通过采用上述技术方案，本申请提供的制备方法简单方便，原料易得，易于实现产业化。
第三方面，本申请提供一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油的应用，采用如下的技术方案：
一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油作为空气压缩机油在压缩机设备中的应用。
综上所述，本申请具有以下有益效果：
1、本申请中选用具有特定结构的二烷基亚磷酸酯，利用其化学性能不稳定的特性，通过与水转化反应方法，制备出的含磷抗磨剂的极压抗磨性能大大增强，而且相较于常用直接将二烷基亚磷酸酯作为抗磨剂使用，本申请中经过与水反应后的含磷抗磨剂在不同程度的负荷作用下，可以缩短与金属表面反应时间，提升与金属表面反应的磷利用率，从而可以生成更多的有机亚磷酸铁膜和/或无机亚磷酸铁保护膜，从而更好保护金属表面，极大提升含磷抗磨剂的极压抗磨性能；
2、本申请含磷抗磨剂较常规的硫、磷极压抗磨剂，极压抗磨性能更加突出，而且其在较小添加量下就起到优异的极压抗磨性能，添加量≤0.5wt％，远低于常规1wt％的添加量，降低由于抗磨剂添加导致的氧化安定性损失，从而可以实现低添加量高抗磨性能，减少磷元素与油品高温氧化性能的催化干扰等负面影响，得到氧化安定性和极压抗磨性能均优异的润滑油；
3、本申请制得的含磷抗氧剂虽然酸值增加，但是不含S、Cl等活性元素，所以对金属部件如铜等不会产生腐蚀，而且本申请最终制得的润滑油不仅抗磨耐磨性能优异，抗氧化性能突出，而且还具有良好的金属腐蚀性、防锈性能、分散清净性，综合性能优异；4、本申请选用磺酸盐类防锈剂与二烷基亚磷酸酯的转化产物具有较好的配伍性，一方面相对于其他如烯基丁二酸及其衍生物类防锈剂，选用磺酸盐类防锈剂与含磷抗磨剂复配后可以增强含磷抗磨剂在润滑油中的溶解性，制备出外观均一稳定的润滑油；另一方面也有利于降低润滑油的酸值。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本申请作进一步详细说明，予以特别说明的是：以下实施例中未注明具体条件者，按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行，以下实施例中所用原料除特殊说明外均可来源于普通市售。
以下制备例和实施例中所述的二烷基亚磷酸酯具有以下结构：
其中，R1与R2均为烷基，R1和R2的碳原子数为C1-C20。
本申请中涉及到的百分比均为重量百分比。
以下制备例为含磷抗磨剂的制备例
制备例1
一种含磷抗磨剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、将100份液态二正辛基亚磷酸酯(即二烷基亚磷酸酯结构中的R1基团和R2基团均为正辛基基团)和5份水加入至搅拌釜内，在45℃下搅拌30h；
S2、升温至100℃，搅拌20min去除多余游离水，搅拌釜内样品待均一透明时停止加热搅拌，得到二烷基亚磷酸酯和水反应的含磷抗磨剂，制得含磷抗磨剂的酸值为150mgKOH/g。
制备例2
一种含磷抗磨剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、将100份二-十八烷基亚磷酸酯(即二烷基亚磷酸酯结构中的R1基团和R2基团均为十八烷基基团)和20份水混合，在30℃下搅拌72h；
S2、升温至80℃，搅拌30min去除游离水，待均一透明时停止加热搅拌，得到二烷基亚磷酸酯和水反应的含磷抗磨剂，制得含磷抗磨剂的酸值为312mg KOH/g。
制备例3
一种含磷抗磨剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、将100份液态二正丁基亚磷酸酯(即二烷基亚磷酸酯结构中的R1基团和R2基团均为正丁基基团，也就是亚磷酸二丁酯)和0.5份水混合，在70℃下搅拌1h；
S2、升温至100℃，搅拌去除游离水，待均一透明时停止加热搅拌，得到二烷基亚磷酸酯和水反应的含磷抗磨剂，制得含磷抗磨剂的酸值为55mg KOH/g。
对比制备例1
一种含磷抗磨剂的制备方法，按照制备例1中的方法进行，不同之处在于，将二正辛基亚磷酸酯等量替换为液态磷酸三甲苯酚酯，制得含磷抗磨剂的酸值为0.04mg KOH/g。
对比制备例2
一种含磷抗磨剂的制备方法，按照制备例1中的方法进行，不同之处在于，步骤S1中未添加水，制得含磷抗磨剂的酸值为6.2mg KOH/g。
实施例1
一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
以耐磨抗氧化润滑油总重量100kg为基准，将0.15wt％的制备例1中制得的含磷抗磨剂和0.15wt％的二壬基萘磺酸钙防锈剂混合，60℃下搅拌60min、再依次加入1.0％的辛基丁基二苯胺抗氧剂、0.5％的双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)硫醚抗氧剂、0.05％的苯三唑衍生物金属钝化剂、0.05％的消泡剂甲基硅油、0.05％的破乳剂环氧丙烷/环氧乙烷嵌段共聚物，其余加入250N二类矿物油，60℃下搅拌至均一透明，得到耐磨抗氧化润滑油。
实施例2
一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
以耐磨抗氧化润滑油总重量100kg为基准，将0.1wt％的制备例2中制得的含磷抗磨剂和0.04wt％的二壬基萘磺酸钙防锈剂混合，80℃下搅拌40min、再依次加入1.0％的辛基丁基二苯胺抗氧剂、1％的苯基-a-萘胺抗氧剂抗氧剂、0.05％的苯三唑衍生物金属钝化剂、0.05％的消泡剂甲基硅油、0.05％的破乳剂环氧丙烷/环氧乙烷嵌段共聚物，其余加入聚a烯烃PAO8基础油，60℃下搅拌至均一透明，得到耐磨抗氧化润滑油。
实施例3
一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
以耐磨抗氧化润滑油总重量100kg为基准，将0.2wt％的制备例3中制得的含磷抗磨剂和0.04wt％的二壬基萘磺酸钡防锈剂混合，80℃下搅拌40min、再依次加入0.2％的4,4-二辛基二苯胺抗氧剂、0.1％的2,2'-硫代二乙基双[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基)丙酸酯]抗氧剂、0.05％的苯三唑衍生物金属钝化剂、0.05％的消泡剂甲基硅油、0.02％的破乳剂环氧丙烷/环氧乙烷嵌段共聚物，其余加入聚a烯烃PAO8，60℃下搅拌至均一透明，得到耐磨抗氧化润滑油。
实施例4
一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
以耐磨抗氧化润滑油总重量100kg为基准，将0.01wt％的制备例1中制得的含磷抗磨剂和0.01wt％的二壬基萘磺酸钡防锈剂混合，60℃下搅拌60min、再依次加入2.0％的萘胺抗氧剂、1％的2,2'-硫代二乙基双[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基)丙酸酯]抗氧剂、0.5％的苯并咪唑衍生物金属钝化剂、0.05％的消泡剂甲基硅油、0.1％的破乳剂聚氧亚烷基脂肪酸酯，40％的聚环氧丙烷单丁醚基础油，其余加入季戊四醇酯基础油，60℃下搅拌至均一透明，得到耐磨抗氧化润滑油。
实施例5
一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
以耐磨抗氧化润滑油总重量100kg为基准，将0.5wt％的制备例1中制得的含磷抗磨剂和1wt％的二壬基萘磺酸钡防锈剂混合，60℃下搅拌60min、再依次加入2.0％的萘胺抗氧剂、1％的2,2'-硫代二乙基双[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基)丙酸酯]抗氧剂、0.01％的吲唑衍生物金属钝化剂、0.0005％的二甲基聚硅氧烷消泡剂、0.0001％的破乳剂聚氧亚烷基醚，40％的聚环氧丙烷单丁醚基础油，其余加入季戊四醇酯基础油，60℃下搅拌至均一透明，得到耐磨抗氧化润滑油。
实施例6
一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油的制备方法，按照实施例1中的方法进行，不同之处在于，将二壬基萘磺酸钙防锈剂等量替换为十二烯基丁二酸半酯。
实施例7
一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油的制备方法，按照实施例1中的方法进行，不同之处在于，原料中未添加二壬基萘磺酸钙防锈剂。
对比例
对比例1-2
一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油的制备方法，按照实施例1中的方法进行，不同之处在于，将添加的含磷抗磨剂等量替换为对比制备例1和对比制备例2中分别制得的含磷抗磨剂。
对比例3
一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油的制备方法，按照实施例2中的方法进行，不同之处在于，将含磷抗磨剂直接等量替换为二正辛基亚磷酸酯。
对比例4
一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油的制备方法，按照对比例3中的方法进行，不同之处在于，将0.1wt％的二正辛基亚磷酸酯替换为1％添加量的硫代磷酸三甲苯酯，适应性调整基础油的添加量。
性能检测
对本申请实施例和制备例中制得的耐磨抗氧化润滑油进行下表中的性能检测，检测结果如下表1所示：
表1：
续表1：
结合上表1中实施例1与对比例1和对比例2的检测结果，可以看到本申请制备的耐磨抗氧化润滑油中添加低含量特定方法制得的含磷抗磨剂，也具备突出的极压抗磨性能，其中PB值达114kg，磨斑直径在0.45mm，旋转氧弹时间也达到了1900min，具有优异的极压抗磨性能的同时还具有优异的抗氧化安定性能。而且制得的耐磨抗氧化润滑油的铜片腐蚀、防锈蚀等性能表现良好，综合性能优异。
对比例1使用对比制备例1制备的含磷抗磨剂，其用磷酸三甲苯酚酯代替二烷基亚磷酸酯进行了同样的转化反应，但所制备的润滑油PB和磨斑直径都很差，说明其他结构的磷酸酯抗磨剂极压抗磨性能在本发明所述的转化反应中并没有得到明显改善和提升；对比例2使用对比制备例2制备的含磷抗磨剂，其在转化反应中未添加水，所得到的耐磨抗氧化润滑油PB值也远差于实施例1得到的润滑油，说明水是提升二烷基亚磷酸酯极压抗磨性能的一个关键因素。
再结合实施例1与实施例6和实施例7的检测结果，可以看到实施例7中未添加磺酸盐防锈剂时，耐磨性能和抗氧化安定性与实施例1相差不多，原料中起到优异耐磨性能和抗氧化安定性的还主要是通过本申请方法处理后制得的含磷抗磨剂；此外，可以看到实施例7中未添加磺酸盐防锈剂时外观异常呈乳白，不符合润滑油常规外观要求，且酸值偏高，而实施例6中将本申请中二壬基萘磺酸钙防锈剂等量替换为十二烯基丁二酸半酯，十二烯基丁二酸半酯是一款常用的，与本申请中抗氧剂、金属钝化剂等配伍性良好的防锈剂，但是申请人发现实施例6中使用十二烯基丁二酸半酯防锈剂后，制备得到的润滑油外观浑浊，与本申请制备的含磷抗磨剂配伍性差，因此本申请中制备的含磷抗磨剂与本申请中的磺酸盐防锈剂复配才能配制出外观均一的稳定体系。
再参照实施例2与对比例3和对比例4的检测结果，可以看到，对比例3中直接添加二烷基亚磷酸酯，未添加水，也未进行转化反应，其PB值和磨斑直径均远差于实施例2中制得的润滑油，而对比例4中将0.1wt％的二正辛基亚磷酸酯替换为1％添加量的硫代磷酸三甲苯酯，添加量大幅度提升，也是行业内常用于提升油品极压抗磨性能的方法，但是对比例4中制备的润滑油的PB值和磨斑直径虽然相较于对比例3中有所改善，但是提升幅度有限，而且由于含硫磷元素过多，对比例3中的旋转氧弹大幅度下降至1000min以内，抗氧化安定性大幅度降低。
综上，本申请中通过特定方法制得的含磷抗磨剂具备优异的极压抗磨性能、高温氧化安定性，还具有优异的金属腐蚀性和防锈性能。最终本申请中的耐磨抗氧化润滑油可以作为空气压缩机油应用于空气压缩机如无油式空气压缩机、离心式空气压缩机中，也可以应用于其它设备或工况下如移动机等一些对油品抗磨和抗氧化安定性要求较高的压缩机设备润滑。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本申请的解释，其并不是对本申请的限制，本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改，但只要在本申请的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。
Claims (10)
1.一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油，其特征在于，包括以下重量百分比原料：
含磷抗磨剂：0.01-0.5％，余量为基础油和其它助剂；
其中，所述含磷抗磨剂由以下方法制得：
将二烷基亚磷酸酯和水混合，在30-70℃下搅拌0.5h-72h；
然后升温至80-110℃，搅拌去除游离水，待均一透明时停止搅拌，得到二烷基亚磷酸酯和水反应的含磷抗磨剂；
所述二烷基亚磷酸酯具有以下结构：
其中，R1与R2均为烷基，R1和R2的碳原子数为C1-C20。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油，其特征在于：所述耐磨抗氧化润滑油包括以下重量百分比原料：
含磷抗磨剂：0.01-0.5％；
防锈剂：0.01-1.0％；
抗氧剂：0.3-3％；
金属钝化剂：0.01-0.5％；
破乳剂：0.0001-0.1％；
消泡剂：0.0005-0.05％；
基础油：余量；
其中，所述含磷抗磨剂和防锈剂的质量比为(0.2-10)：1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油，其特征在于：所述二烷基亚磷酸酯分子结构中的R1与R2为相同的烷基。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油，其特征在于：所述含磷抗磨剂制备时水的添加量为二烷基亚磷酸酯重量的0.1-20％；
所述含磷抗磨剂的酸值在50-600mg KOH/g之间。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油，其特征在于：所述防锈剂为磺酸盐类抗磨剂。
6.根据权利要求2所述的一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油，其特征在于：所述防锈剂选用二壬基萘磺酸钙、二壬基萘磺酸钡、二壬基萘磺酸钙/碳酸钙复合物中的一种或多种。
7.根据权利要求2所述的一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油，其特征在于：所述抗氧剂选用胺类抗氧剂和酚类抗氧剂中的一种或多种；
和/或，所述金属润滑剂选用苯三唑或其衍生物、苯并噻唑或其衍生物、苯并咪唑或其衍生物、吲唑或其衍生物中的一种或多种；
和/或，所述破乳剂选用聚氧亚烷基醚、聚氧亚烷基脂肪酸酯和环氧化合物中的一种或多种；
和/或，所述消泡剂选用有机硅类消泡剂、聚烷基丙烯酸酯消泡剂中的一种或多种；
所述基础油包括矿物油、烷基苯、聚α烯烃、聚醚、酯类油中的一种或多种。
8.根据权利要求2所述的一种耐磨抗氧化润滑油，其特征在于：所述抗氧剂包括胺类抗氧剂和酚类抗氧剂的混合物，所述胺类抗氧剂包括：对,对-二辛基二苯胺、辛基丁基二苯胺、萘胺中的一种或多种；所述酚类抗氧剂包括：双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)硫醚和2,2'-硫代二乙基双[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基)丙酸酯]中的一种或两种；
和/或，所述破乳剂选用环氧丙烷/环氧乙烷嵌段共聚物和聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯丙二醇醚中的一种或两种；
和/或，所述消泡剂选用二甲基聚硅氧烷消泡剂；
和/或，所述基础油选用矿物油150N、矿物油250N、矿物油500N、十二烷基苯、PAO10、PAO8、PAO6、聚环氧丙烷单丁醚、多元醇酯中的一种或多种。
9.一种如权利要求2-8任意一项所述的耐磨抗氧化润滑油的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：在含磷抗磨剂中加入防锈剂混合，50-80℃下搅拌30-90min，然后加入其它原料，继续搅拌至均一透明，即得。
10.如权利要求1-8中任意一项所述耐磨抗氧化润滑油作为空气压缩机油在压缩机设备中的应用。
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