CN116037465B - Seed carefully selecting device with husking and sundry removal functions - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a seed selecting device with husking and sundries removing functions, which relates to the technical field of seed husking and comprises a feeding belt, a feeding hopper, a husking assembly, a removing assembly and a sorting assembly, wherein the husking assembly is fixedly connected with the ground, the feeding hopper is arranged above the husking assembly and is fixedly connected with the husking assembly, the feeding belt is fixedly connected with the ground through a bracket, the output end of the feeding belt is arranged above the feeding hopper, the removing assembly is arranged on one side, far away from the feeding belt, of the husking assembly, the sorting assembly is arranged on one side, far away from the husking assembly, of the removing assembly, the husking assembly is connected with the sorting assembly, and the removing assembly is connected with the sorting assembly. According to the crushing unit, the temporary internal and external pressure difference of the peanuts in the local area of the wind pressure block is used for avoiding the damage of the peanuts by the telescopic needle during the primary breakthrough, the vibration is transmitted to the peanut shell after the telescopic needle is inserted, and the crack on the peanut shell is propagated.

Description

Seed carefully selecting device with husking and sundry removal functions

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of seed husking, in particular to a seed selection device with husking and sundry removal functions.

Background

Peanut is used as oil crop, its oil yield is far higher than other oil crop, and as food, peanut has comparatively broad market yet peanut is planted or processing all need to be carried out the decortication, and current peanut decortication device has more defects, can't satisfy the user demand.

The peanut digs out from earth, can mix more soil block, and the big difference of soil block size is great, and conventional screening plant hardly gets rid of the soil block that mixes in the peanut, and the soil block causes the damage to peanut itself easily, to mechanical decortication equipment, the dirt that the peanut surface attached also causes the pollution of peanut kernel easily, and current peanut decortication equipment is to the soil block and the surperficial dust of the different size that mix in the peanut not effective treatment measure.

Conventional peanut shelling equipment directly pulverizes the peanut during operation, which in turn increases the amount of shell debris and is detrimental to subsequent seed separation. On the other hand, peanuts are also easy to damage in the grinding process, and the peanut survival rate of the peanuts for planting is seriously affected by the damage of the peanuts, and the prior husking equipment does not solve the problem.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a seed selecting device with husking and sundry removal, which solves the problems in the prior art.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a seed carefully chosen device that subsidiary peeling and debris were clear away, including the feeding belt, go into the hopper, the peeling module, clear away the subassembly, select separately the subassembly, peeling module and ground fastening connect, go into the hopper setting in peeling module top, go into hopper and peeling module fastening connect, the feeding belt is provided with support and ground fastening connect, the output of feeding belt sets up in going into the hopper top, it sets up in peeling module and keeps away from feeding belt one side, select separately the subassembly and set up in removing the subassembly and keep away from peeling module one side, peeling module links to each other with removing the subassembly, it links to each other with selecting separately the subassembly;

the husking assembly comprises an upper bin, a lower bin, a pre-separating component and a crushing unit, wherein the upper bin is fixedly connected with the lower bin, the lower bin is fixedly connected with the ground, the pre-separating component is arranged in the upper bin, and the crushing unit is arranged in the lower bin. The feeding belt inputs peanuts into the hopper, the hopper inputs the peanuts into the upper bin, the pre-separating component separates soil particles mixed in the peanuts, the peanuts after the soil particles are separated enter the lower bin, the crushing unit crushes the peanuts, and the peanuts and peanut shells are separated. The peanut shell is separated, and the sorting assembly sorts the seeds according to the diameter of the peanut so as to sort out the peanut seeds with different grades. According to the pre-separating component disclosed by the invention, different separating measures are respectively adopted for dust, small-particle soil, large-particle soil and the like doped in peanuts, the small-particle soil is screened out in advance, the large-particle soil is separated by winnowing, dust attached to the surface of the peanuts is impacted by air flow in the winnowing separation process, and most of the dust is carried by the air flow to leave from an exhaust net, so that impurity separation before peeling is greatly promoted, and the contact between the soil and peeled peanuts is avoided.

Further, the pre-separation part comprises a vibrating screen, a vibrating motor, a vertical channel, an inclined channel, a blower and a separation plate, wherein one end of the vibrating screen is connected with the side wall of the upper bin in a rotating manner, the other end of the vibrating screen is connected with the vibrating motor, the vibrating motor is connected with the side wall of the upper bin in a fastening manner, one side, close to the vibrating motor, of the vibrating screen is lower than one end, close to the side wall of the upper bin, of the vibrating screen, the upper end of the vertical channel is arranged at the lower end of the vibrating screen, close to the lower end of the vibrating motor, of the vibrating screen, the lower end of the inclined channel is communicated with the lower end of the vertical channel, the lower end of the inclined channel is deviated to one side, far away from the vibrating motor, the lower end of the inclined channel is arranged into a separation cavity, the blower is connected with the side wall of the separation cavity in a fastening manner, the blower is arranged at the lower end of the inclined channel, the separation plate is arranged at the middle position of the separation cavity, an output channel is arranged on the side wall of the upper bin, a first input port and a second input port is arranged at the corresponding position on the outer wall of the inclined channel, the separation plate is inclined to one side of the separation cavity, the second input port is inclined towards the separation cavity, and the separation plate is communicated with the side, close to the blower. The vibrating motor drives the vibrating screen to continuously vibrate, the size of a vibrating screen hole is smaller than that of a single peanut, the peanut falls onto the vibrating screen after entering the upper bin, the peanut continuously jumps up along with shaking of the vibrating screen and gradually moves down along the vibrating screen, small-particle soil mixed in the peanut is separated in the downward moving process, and separated soil particles fall onto the outer upper part of the inclined channel and slide down to the first input port along the outer upper part of the inclined channel. Peanut falls into the inclined channel along vertical passageway, fall to air-blower position department along the inclined channel again, the air-blower continuously inputs the air current, be provided with the net of airing exhaust on the last bin lateral wall opposite of air-blower, the peanut falls back and gets into the selection by winnowing area, great earth granule can fall behind the selection by winnowing and be close to air-blower one side at the separation board owing to the density of peanut, follow the second input port department and discharge afterwards, and the peanut can fall in the separation board one side of keeping away from the air-blower, can control the position of sorting through the wind-force of adjusting the air-blower. According to the pre-separating component disclosed by the invention, different separating measures are respectively adopted for dust, small-particle soil, large-particle soil and the like doped in peanuts, the small-particle soil is screened out in advance, the large-particle soil is separated by winnowing, dust attached to the surface of the peanuts is impacted by air flow in the winnowing separation process, and most of the dust is carried by the air flow to leave from an exhaust net, so that impurity separation before peeling is greatly promoted, and the contact between the soil and peeled peanuts is avoided.

Further, the crushing unit includes whereabouts passageway, the transmission band, the wind briquetting, the otter board, the telescopic pin, promote the jar, the connecting plate, the ejecting piece, whereabouts passageway and lower bin fastening connection, whereabouts passageway upper end and sorting board keep away from air-blower one side intercommunication, the transmission band sets up in whereabouts passageway below, be provided with the clearance between transmission band and the lower bin lateral wall, the clearance allows single peanut to pass through, the transmission band has two sets of, two sets of transmission band central point departments are provided with the wind briquetting, the wind briquetting is provided with the wind hole on the wind pressure piece surface, wind briquetting and outside air supply pipeline intercommunication, wind pressure piece corresponds lower bin lateral wall position department and is provided with the regulation and control board, the otter board sets up in regulation and control board upside, be provided with the exhaust eye on the otter board, telescopic pin is provided with many, telescopic pin one end and connecting plate fastening connection, telescopic pin other end and regulation and control board sliding connection, promote jar and regulation and control board fastening connection, the output shaft of pushing the jar and connecting plate fastening connection, the ejecting piece sets up in the clearance of telescopic pin, ejection piece and regulation and control board sliding connection are close to one side of the ejection piece and are provided with the telescopic spring, telescopic spring one end and other end fastening connection. The lower end of the falling channel is narrow, peanuts can be split into a single layer, the single layer of peanuts are driven by the conveying belt to move, when the peanuts move to a wind pressure block area, positive pressure air flow is blown out from the wind pressure block, the peanuts are pressed out of the push block under the action of the air flow, the electric cylinder is pushed to push the telescopic needle in a reciprocating mode, the surface of the peanut shell is broken through the tip of the telescopic needle, the air flow cannot be timely discharged in a peanut stacking state due to the fact that the air pressure block continuously inputs air, the air pressure close to the position of the wind pressure block can be increased, when the peanuts are close to the position, the internal air pressure of the peanuts is not balanced, internal and external pressure difference can occur, when the telescopic needle pierces the surface of the peanut shell, external air flows into the peanuts, the action of the air inflow pushes the peanuts to move to the side far away from the insertion of the telescopic needle, the peanuts are prevented from being damaged by the telescopic needle in the initial breakthrough, vibration is also transmitted to the peanut shell after the telescopic needle is inserted, and cracks on the peanut shell are spread. For the peanuts which have crack propagation, the airflow blown out from the wind pressure block can pass through the cracks on the surface of the peanut shell, the thrust of the airflow received by the airflow is smaller than that of the whole peanut shell, the compression degree of the cracked peanuts to the ejection block in the downward moving process is smaller, the insertion depth of the telescopic needle can be reduced, the follow-up telescopic needle is only inserted into the surface of the shell and does not extend into the shell, only further vibration transmission is carried out on the surface of the shell, the follow-up vibration is mainly used for shaking off dust on the surface of the peanuts, and the condition that the peanuts are not inserted in the downward moving process can be effectively avoided due to the arrangement of a plurality of groups of telescopic needles.

Further, a vibration generator is arranged inside the connecting plate. Vibration generator makes the vibrations of flexible needle can transfer connecting plate department, and vibrations effect are on the casing of peanut, and on the one hand is favorable to the transmission of crackle, and on the other hand, the comparatively firm dust of peanut surface residue is by most vibrations coming off, and the dust that shakes off is discharged along with the air current from the otter board, and the otter board outside is provided with retrieves the box.

Further, the crushing unit still includes the part of peeling off, the part of peeling off includes the flat belt, the overspeed zone, annular air current storehouse, the spiral feeder, the piercing element, flat belt, overspeed zone and lower bin bottom fastening connection, overspeed zone is located flat belt top, overspeed zone moving speed is greater than flat belt, the transmission band is located flat belt top, flat belt, overspeed zone inside is provided with annular air current storehouse, annular air current storehouse passes through pipeline and outside compressed air pipeline and links to each other, the piercing element evenly distributed is in flat belt, overspeed zone surface, spiral feeder bottom sets up in flat belt one side of keeping away from the transmission band, spiral feeder top and clear away the subassembly intercommunication, the piercing element includes the fixed needle, the movable hole, jack-up spring, fixed needle and movable hole sliding connection, fixed needle bottom and jack-up spring fastening connection, the one end and the annular air current storehouse fastening connection of fixed needle are kept away from to the jack-up spring, fixed needle inside is provided with the discharge hole, discharge hole one end and fixed needle tip end intercommunication, the other end and fixed needle lateral wall intercommunication, the fixed needle that sets up on the flat belt is bigger than the fixed needle that sets up on the overspeed zone. After the peanut surface is broken, the peanut moves to the flat belt, moves to between flat belt and the overspeed belt under the drive of flat belt, the fixed needle pricks in the gap on peanut surface, the fixed needle pricks in-process compressed, the jack spring is compressed, the exhaust hole can communicate with annular air current storehouse, the fixed needle top can export the air current, the air current pushes away the peanut kernel, avoid the peanut kernel to be damaged by the in-process of peeling off. When the upper end and the lower end of the peanut shell are inserted by the fixing needles, the moving speed of the fixing needles on the overspeed belt is higher, the fixing needles on the flat belt are larger, the fixing is more stable, the displacement difference between the upper fixing needles and the lower fixing needles is gradually increased, and the peanut is peeled off. According to the peanut shell peeling machine, peanut shells in a crack state are peeled off through the crushing unit in a differential movement mode, and surrounding protection of the peanut kernels is achieved through airflow hedging in the peeling process. The peanut originally positioned in the fixed needle interval area can be pushed by the fixed needles through differential movement, and finally, the peanut can be separated by the two groups of fixed needles, and the energy loss is greatly reduced through selective output of air flow.

Further, clear away the subassembly and include shake the electric jar, shake the platform, the hole of airing exhaust, first extraction passageway, the second extraction passageway, clear away the case, clear away case and ground fastening connection, shake the platform and clear away case inside wall sliding connection, shake the electric jar and clear away case inner wall bottom fastening connection, shake the output shaft and shake the platform fastening connection of electric jar, the hole of airing exhaust sets up at shake bench upper surface, hole of airing exhaust and outside air feed pipeline intercommunication, the hole of airing exhaust is provided with a plurality of, a plurality of holes of airing exhaust are evenly distributed at shake bench upper surface, first extraction passageway, second extraction passageway and clear away case lateral wall and keep away from subassembly one side fastening connection of peeling off, first extraction passageway is located second extraction passageway top, first extraction passageway and outside debris storehouse intercommunication, second extraction passageway and separation subassembly intercommunication, first extraction passageway, second extraction passageway inside is provided with the air exhauster, the air exhauster outside is provided with the protection network. The shaking electric cylinder moves up and down to drive the shaking table to vibrate up and down, the mixture of peanut shells and peanuts sent out from the spiral feeder falls onto the shaking table, the shaking table is provided with a tiny inclination angle, the peanut mixture is gradually conveyed forwards in the continuous vibration process, in the vibration process, air flow is blown out of the surface of the shaking table, the peanut shells are gradually gathered at the upper side due to the fact that the peanut density is greater than that of the peanut shells, the peanut shells are gradually gathered at the lower side, the first extraction channel is close to one side of the separation assembly, the peanut shells at the upper side are sucked and input into the external sundry bin, the second extraction channel is used for sucking the peanut shells at the lower side and the peanut shells and peanut kernels separated in a follow-up vibration mode, and after the equipment is stopped, the residual mixture is taken out manually and separated.

Further, select separately the subassembly and include the slide down, select separately the hole, sort case and ground fastening connection, slide down and sort case upper end fastening connection, select separately the hole setting and be provided with the multiunit at the slide surface down, select separately the hole along slide evenly distributed down, the separation hole diameter that is close to and clears away subassembly one side is less than the separation hole that is kept away from and clears away subassembly one side. The shelled peanuts move downwards along the lower sliding plate, in the downward moving process, the peanuts correspondingly fall into sorting holes of different sizes, the peanuts are divided into multiple types according to the diameters, the sorting holes with different diameters are arranged in the sorting box, the peanuts are sorted according to the diameters, and the peanuts are respectively stored in each compartment of the sorting box.

Further, select separately the subassembly still including rocking screen cloth, shake the jar, rock screen cloth and classifying box sliding connection, rock jar and classifying box fastening connection, rock the output shaft of jar and rock screen cloth fastening connection. The shaking electric cylinder drives the shaking screen to continuously shake, the shaking screen is clung to the surface of the lower sliding plate, the diameter of the peanuts is smaller than the sieve pore diameter of the shaking screen, the shaking screen can shake the peanuts to be spread into a single layer, the peanuts cannot be influenced to pass through the sorting holes, and the spread peanuts can more easily pass through the sorting holes.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the pre-separating component disclosed by the invention, different separating measures are respectively adopted for dust, small-particle soil, large-particle soil and the like doped in peanuts, the small-particle soil is screened out in advance, the large-particle soil is separated by winnowing, dust attached to the surface of the peanuts is impacted by air flow in the winnowing separation process, and most of the dust is carried by the air flow to leave from an exhaust net, so that impurity separation before peeling is greatly promoted, and the contact between the soil and peeled peanuts is avoided. According to the crushing unit, the temporary internal and external pressure difference of the peanuts in the local area of the wind pressure block is utilized, the situation that the peanuts are damaged by the telescopic needle in the initial breakthrough process is avoided, vibration is transmitted to the peanut shell after the telescopic needle is inserted, the vibration acts on the peanut shell, on one hand, the transmission of cracks is facilitated, on the other hand, the relatively stable dust remained on the surface of the peanuts is separated by most vibration, and the dust separated by vibration is discharged from the screen plate along with the airflow. According to the peanut shell peeling machine, peanut shells in a crack state are peeled off through the crushing unit in a differential movement mode, and surrounding protection of the peanut kernels is achieved through airflow hedging in the peeling process. The peanut originally positioned in the fixed needle interval area can be pushed by the fixed needles through differential movement, and finally, the peanut can be separated by the two groups of fixed needles, and the energy loss is greatly reduced through selective output of air flow.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the preseparation assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the peanut crushing of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the overall construction of the purge assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the overall construction of the sorting assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a top view of the sorting assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of peanut decortication of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of a piercing member according to the invention

In the figure: 1-feeding belt, 2-feeding hopper, 3-decortication assembly, 31-upper bin, 32-lower bin, 33-pre-separating member, 331-vibrating screen, 332-vibrating motor, 333-vertical channel, 334-inclined channel, 335-blower, 336-sorting deck, 34-crushing unit, 341-falling channel, 342-conveying belt, 343-air press block, 344-screen panel, 345-telescoping needle, 346-pushing cylinder, 347-connecting plate, 348-ejector block, 349-decortication member, 3491-flat belt, 3492-overspeed belt, 3493-annular air flow bin, 3494-spiral feeder, 3495-fixed needle, 3496-movable aperture, 3497-jack spring, 4-clearing assembly, 41-shaking cylinder, 42-shaking table, 43-exhaust aperture, 44-first extraction channel, 45-second extraction channel, 46-clearing box, 5-sorting assembly, 51-lower slide plate, 52-sorting aperture, 53-sorting box, 54-shaking screen, 55-shaking cylinder.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the seed selecting device with husking and sundries removing functions comprises a feeding belt 1, a feeding hopper 2, a husking assembly 3, a removing assembly 4 and a sorting assembly 5, wherein the husking assembly 3 is fixedly connected with the ground, the feeding hopper 2 is arranged above the husking assembly 3, the feeding hopper 2 is fixedly connected with the husking assembly 3, the feeding belt 1 is fixedly connected with the ground through a bracket, the output end of the feeding belt 1 is arranged above the feeding hopper 2, the removing assembly 4 is arranged on one side, away from the feeding belt 1, of the husking assembly 3, the sorting assembly 5 is arranged on one side, away from the husking assembly 3, of the removing assembly 4, the removing assembly 4 is connected with the sorting assembly 5;

the peeling assembly 3 comprises an upper bin 31, a lower bin 32, a pre-dividing part 33 and a crushing unit 34, wherein the upper bin 31 is fixedly connected with the lower bin 32, the lower bin 32 is fixedly connected with the ground, the pre-dividing part 33 is arranged inside the upper bin 31, and the crushing unit 34 is arranged inside the lower bin 32. The feeding belt 1 inputs peanuts into the hopper 2, the hopper inputs the peanuts into the upper bin 31, the pre-separating component 33 separates soil particles mixed in the peanuts, the peanuts separated from the soil particles enter the lower bin 32, the crushing unit 34 crushes the peanuts, and the peanuts and peanut shells are separated. The cleaning component 4 conveys the peanuts into the sorting component 5, peanut shells are separated, and the sorting component 5 sorts the seeds according to the diameter of the peanuts so as to sort out peanut seeds of different grades. The pre-separating part 33 of the invention respectively adopts different separating measures for dust, small-particle soil, large-particle soil and the like doped in peanuts, the small-particle soil is screened out in advance, the large-particle soil is separated by winnowing, and in the winnowing separation process, the dust attached to the surface of the peanuts is impacted by air flow, and the air flow carries most of the dust to leave from an exhaust net, so that the impurity separation before the peeling is greatly promoted, and the contact between the soil and the shelled peanuts is avoided.

As shown in fig. 2, the pre-separating unit 33 includes a vibrating screen 331, a vibrating motor 332, a vertical channel 333, an inclined channel 334, a blower 335, and a sorting plate 336, one end of the vibrating screen 331 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the upper chamber 31, the other end of the vibrating screen 331 is connected to the vibrating motor 332, the vibrating motor 332 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the upper chamber 31, one side of the vibrating screen 331 close to the vibrating motor 332 is lower than one end of the vibrating screen 331 close to the side wall of the upper chamber 31, the upper end of the vertical channel 333 is arranged at the lower end of the vibrating screen 331 close to the side of the vibrating motor 332, the inclined channel 334 is communicated with the lower end of the vertical channel 333, the lower end of the inclined channel 334 is biased to the side far away from the vibrating motor 332, the lower end of the inclined channel 334 is arranged as a sorting chamber, the blower 335 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the sorting chamber, the blower 335 is arranged at the lower end of the inclined channel 334, the sorting plate 336 is arranged at the middle position of the sorting chamber, an output channel is arranged on the outer side wall of the upper chamber 31, the upper chamber is provided with a first input port, a second input port is arranged at the lower side of the first input port, the corresponding position of the first input port is arranged at the outer wall of the inclined channel, the sorting plate 336 is close to the sorting plate 336 to the side of the sorting chamber is communicated with the blower 335, and the lower end is far away from the blower 335. The vibrating motor 332 drives the vibrating screen 331 to continuously vibrate, the size of the screen hole of the vibrating screen 331 is smaller than that of a single peanut, the peanut falls onto the vibrating screen 331 after entering the upper bin 31, the peanut continuously jumps up along with shaking of the vibrating screen 331 and gradually moves down along the vibrating screen 331, small-particle soil mixed in the peanut is separated in the downward moving process, and separated soil particles fall onto the outer upper side of the inclined channel 334 and slide down to the first input port along the outer upper side of the inclined channel 334. Peanuts fall into the inclined channel 334 along the vertical channel 333, slide down to the position of the air blower 335 along the inclined channel 334, the air blower 335 continuously inputs air flow, an exhaust net is arranged on the side wall of the upper bin 31 opposite to the air blower 335, the peanuts fall back into a winnowing area, larger soil particles fall on one side of the sorting plate close to the air blower after winnowing due to the density being greater than that of the peanuts, and then are discharged from the second input port, and the peanuts fall on one side of the sorting plate far away from the air blower, so that the sorting position can be controlled by adjusting the wind force of the air blower. The pre-separating part 33 of the invention respectively adopts different separating measures for dust, small-particle soil, large-particle soil and the like doped in peanuts, the small-particle soil is screened out in advance, the large-particle soil is separated by winnowing, and in the winnowing separation process, the dust attached to the surface of the peanuts is impacted by air flow, and the air flow carries most of the dust to leave from an exhaust net, so that the impurity separation before the peeling is greatly promoted, and the contact between the soil and the shelled peanuts is avoided.

As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the crushing unit 34 comprises a falling channel 341, a transmission belt 342, a wind pressure block 343, a screen 344, telescopic needles 345, a pushing electric cylinder 346, a connecting plate 347 and an ejector block 348, wherein the falling channel 341 is fixedly connected with the lower bin 32, the upper end of the falling channel 341 is communicated with one side of the sorting plate 336 far away from a blower 335, the transmission belt 342 is arranged below the falling channel 341, a gap is formed between the transmission belt 342 and the side wall of the lower bin 32, a single peanut passes through the gap, the transmission belt 342 is provided with two groups, the center positions of the two groups of transmission belts 342 are provided with a wind pressure block 343, the surface of the wind pressure block 343 is provided with a wind hole, the wind pressure block 343 is communicated with an external air supply pipeline, the wind pressure block 343 is provided with a regulating plate corresponding to the side wall position of the lower bin 32, the screen 344 is arranged on the upper side of the regulating plate, a wind discharge hole is arranged on the screen 344, the telescopic needles 345 are fixedly connected with one end of the telescopic needles 345 and one end of the regulating plate 347, the other end of the telescopic needles 345 and the regulating plate are slidably connected with the other end of the telescopic needles 346, the pushing electric cylinder 346 and the regulating plate are fixedly connected with the regulating plate, the output shaft 347 are fixedly connected with the output shaft of the fastening block 347, the surface of the telescopic needles and the ejector block 348 is fixedly connected with the ejector block 348, the other end of the ejector block 348 is closely connected with the ejector spring and the ejector block is arranged close to the side of the ejector block and is tightly connected with the ejector. The lower end of the falling channel is narrow, peanuts are split into a single layer, the single layer of peanuts are driven by the conveying belt 342 to move, when the peanuts move to a wind pressure block 343, positive pressure air flow is blown out from the wind pressure block 343, the peanuts are pressed out of the push-out block 348 under the action of the air flow, the push-out cylinder 346 is used for pushing the telescopic needle 345 in a reciprocating manner, the tip of the telescopic needle 345 breaks the surface of the peanut shell, the air flow can not be discharged in time in the peanut stacking state because the air pressure of the air pressure block 343 is continuously input, when the peanuts are close to the position, the internal air pressure of the peanuts is not balanced, internal and external pressure difference can occur, when the telescopic needle 345 punctures the surface of the peanut shell, the external air flow can rush into the peanuts, the action of the air rush-in pushes the peanuts to move away from the inserting side of the telescopic needle, the peanuts are prevented from being damaged by the telescopic needle 345 in the initial breakthrough, vibration is transmitted to the peanut shell after the telescopic needle 345 is inserted, and cracks on the peanut shell are spread. For the peanuts which have crack propagation, the airflow blown out from the wind pressure block 343 can pass through the cracks on the surface of the peanut shell, the thrust of the airflow received by the airflow is smaller than that of the whole peanut shell, so that the compression degree of the cracked peanuts to the ejection block 348 in the downward moving process is smaller, the insertion depth of the telescopic needles 345 can be reduced, the subsequent telescopic needles 345 are only inserted into the surface of the shell and do not extend into the shell, only further vibration transmission is performed on the surface of the shell, the subsequent vibration is mainly used for shaking off dust on the surface of the peanuts, and the condition that the peanuts are not inserted in the downward moving process can be effectively avoided due to the arrangement of a plurality of groups of telescopic needles.

As shown in fig. 3, the connection plate 347 is internally provided with a vibration generator. The vibration generator makes the telescopic needle 345 can transmit the vibrations of connecting plate 347 department, and vibrations effect are on the casing of peanut, are favorable to the transmission of crackle on the one hand, and on the other hand, the comparatively firm dust of peanut surface residue is by most vibrations coming off, and the dust that shakes off is discharged along with the air current from otter board 344, and the otter board 344 outside is provided with retrieves the box.

As shown in fig. 1, 8 and 9, the crushing unit 34 further comprises a peeling part 349, the peeling part 349 comprises a flat belt 3491, an overspeed belt 3492, an annular airflow bin 3493, a spiral feeder 3494 and a puncturing piece, the flat belt 3491, the overspeed belt 3492 and the bottom of the lower bin 32 are fixedly connected, the overspeed belt 3492 is located above the flat belt 3491, the moving speed of the overspeed belt 3492 is greater than that of the flat belt 3491, the transmission belt 342 is located above the flat belt 3491, the flat belt 3491 and the overspeed belt 3492 are internally provided with an annular airflow bin 3493, the annular airflow bin 3493 is connected with an external compressed air pipeline through a pipeline, the puncturing piece is uniformly distributed on the surface of the flat belt 3491 and the overspeed belt 3492, the bottom of the spiral feeder 3494 is arranged on one side of the flat belt 3491, which is far away from the transmission belt 342, the top of the spiral feeder 3494 is communicated with the cleaning component 4, the puncturing piece comprises a fixed needle 3495, a movable hole 3496, a jacking spring 3497, the fixed needle 3495 and the movable hole 3496 are slidingly connected, the bottom of the fixed needle 3495 is connected with the top of the movable hole 3496, the fixed needle 3495 is far from the fixed needle 95, and the fixed needle 95 are fixedly connected with the other end of the fixed needle 34995, and the fixed needle 95 are fixedly connected to the other end of the fixed needle 34995. When the surface of the peanut is crushed, the peanut moves to the flat belt 3491, and moves between the flat belt 3491 and the overspeed belt 3492 under the drive of the flat belt 3491, the fixing needle 3495 is pricked into a gap on the surface of the peanut, the fixing needle 3495 is compressed in the pricking process, the jacking spring 3497 is compressed, the exhaust hole is communicated with the annular air flow bin 3493, the top end of the fixing needle 3495 can output air flow, the air flow pushes away the peanut kernels, and the peanut kernels are prevented from being damaged in the peeling process of the peanut kernels. When the upper end and the lower end of the peanut shell are inserted by the fixing needles 3495, the moving speed of the fixing needles 3495 on the overspeed belt 3492 is higher, the fixing needles 3495 on the flat belt 3491 are larger, the fixing is more stable, the displacement difference between the upper group of fixing needles 3495 and the lower group of fixing needles 3495 is gradually increased, and the peanut is peeled off. The crushing unit 34 of the invention peels off the peanut shells in a crack state by means of differential movement, and achieves surrounding protection of the peanut kernels by airflow hedging during the peeling process. The differential motion allows the peanut that would otherwise be in the fixed needle spacing area to be pushed by the fixed needles 3495, and eventually separated by the two sets of fixed needles, while the selective output of the airflow greatly reduces the energy consumption.

As shown in fig. 5, the cleaning assembly 4 includes a shaking electric cylinder 41, a shaking table 42, an exhaust hole 43, a first extraction channel 44, a second extraction channel 45, and a cleaning box 46, the cleaning box 46 is in ground fastening connection, the shaking table 42 is in sliding connection with the inner side wall of the cleaning box 46, the shaking electric cylinder 41 is in bottom fastening connection with the inner wall of the cleaning box 46, an output shaft of the shaking electric cylinder 41 is in fastening connection with the shaking table 42, the exhaust hole 43 is arranged on the upper surface of the shaking table 42, the exhaust hole 43 is communicated with an external air supply pipeline, a plurality of exhaust holes 43 are uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the shaking table 42, the side walls of the first extraction channel 44, the second extraction channel 45 and the cleaning box 46 are far away from the peeling assembly 3, the first extraction channel 44 is located above the second extraction channel 45, the first extraction channel 44 is communicated with an external sundry bin, the second extraction channel 45 is communicated with the sorting assembly 5, an exhaust fan is arranged inside the first extraction channel 44, and a protective net is arranged outside the exhaust fan. The shaking cylinder 41 moves up and down to drive the shaking table 42 to vibrate up and down, the peanut shell and peanut kernel mixture sent out from the screw feeder 3494 falls onto the shaking table 42, the shaking table 42 is provided with a tiny inclination angle, the peanut kernel mixture is gradually conveyed forward in the continuous vibration process, in the vibration process, air current is blown out of the surface of the shaking table 42, the peanut shells are gradually gathered on the upper side due to the fact that the peanut kernel density is greater than that of the peanut shells, the peanut kernels are gradually gathered on the lower side, the first extraction channel 44 is used for sucking the peanut shells on the upper side and inputting the peanut shells into the external sundry bin, the second extraction channel 45 is used for sucking the peanut kernels on the lower side and inputting the peanut kernels into the separation assembly 5, and the residual mixture is manually extracted and separated after the equipment is stopped.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the sorting assembly 5 comprises a lower sliding plate 51, sorting holes 52 and a sorting box 53, the sorting box 53 is fixedly connected with the ground, the lower sliding plate 51 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the sorting box 53, the sorting holes 52 are formed in the surface of the lower sliding plate 51, the sorting holes 52 are provided with a plurality of groups, the groups of sorting holes 52 are uniformly distributed along the lower sliding plate 51, and the diameter of the sorting hole 52 on the side close to the cleaning assembly 4 is smaller than that of the sorting hole 52 on the side far away from the cleaning assembly 4. The shelled peanuts move down along the lower slide plate 51, in the process of moving down, the peanuts correspondingly fall into sorting holes 52 with different sizes, the peanuts are divided into a plurality of types according to the diameters, separation plates are arranged in the sorting boxes 53 for the sorting holes 52 with different diameters, the peanuts are sorted according to the diameters, and the peanuts are respectively stored in each compartment of the sorting boxes 53.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the sorting assembly 5 further comprises a shaking screen 54, a shaking electric cylinder 55, the shaking screen 54 is slidably connected with the sorting box 53, the shaking electric cylinder 55 is fixedly connected with the sorting box 53, and an output shaft of the shaking electric cylinder 55 is fixedly connected with the shaking screen 54. Shaking the jar 55 and driving and shaking screen cloth 54 and constantly rocking, shake screen cloth 54 and press close to at the slide 51 surface down, the diameter of peanut shell is less than the sieve mesh diameter of rocking screen cloth 54, shake screen cloth 54 can shake the spreading out into the individual layer with the peanut shell, but can not influence the peanut shell and pass the sorting hole, and the peanut shell of being spread out passes sorting hole 52 more easily.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: the feeding belt 1 inputs peanuts into the hopper 2, the hopper inputs the peanuts into the upper bin 31, the peanuts fall on the vibrating screen, the vibrating motor 332 drives the vibrating screen 331 to continuously vibrate, the size of a screen hole of the vibrating screen 331 is smaller than that of a single peanut, the peanuts fall onto the vibrating screen 331 after entering the upper bin 31, the peanuts continuously jump up along with shaking of the vibrating screen 331 and gradually move downwards along with the vibrating screen 331, small-particle soil mixed in the peanuts is separated in the downwards moving process, and separated soil particles fall onto the outer side upper part of the inclined channel 334 and slide downwards onto the first input port along the outer side upper part of the inclined channel 334. The peanuts fall along the vertical channel 333 into the inclined channel 334 and then slide along the inclined channel 334 to the position of the blower 335, the air flow blows the peanuts, soil falls on the side of the sorting plate close to the blower after air separation and then is discharged from the second input port, and the peanuts fall on the side of the sorting plate far away from the blower. The peanuts separated from the soil particles enter the lower bin 32, and the crushing unit 34 crushes the peanuts. The crushed peanuts enter the cleaning assembly 4, peanut mixtures are gradually conveyed forwards, in the vibration process, air flows are blown out from the surface of the shaking table 42, the peanut shells are gradually gathered on the upper side and the peanut shells are gradually gathered on the lower side due to the fact that the peanut shells are higher than the peanut shells in density, the first extraction channel 44 is used for sucking the peanut shells on the upper side and inputting the peanut shells into the external sundry bin, the second extraction channel 45 is used for sucking the peanut shells on the lower side and inputting the peanut shells on the separation assembly 5, and the peanut shells separated in a follow-up vibration mode and peanut shells are supplied to the extraction positions. The cleaning component 4 conveys the peanuts into the sorting component 5, peanut shells are separated, and the sorting component 5 sorts the seeds according to the diameter of the peanuts so as to sort out peanut seeds of different grades.

It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. Seed carefully chosen device that subsidiary decortication and debris were clear away, its characterized in that: the selecting device comprises a feeding belt (1), a feeding hopper (2), a peeling assembly (3), a cleaning assembly (4) and a sorting assembly (5), wherein the peeling assembly (3) is in fastening connection with the ground, the feeding hopper (2) is arranged above the peeling assembly (3), the feeding hopper (2) is in fastening connection with the peeling assembly (3), the feeding belt (1) is in fastening connection with the ground through a support, the output end of the feeding belt (1) is arranged above the feeding hopper (2), the cleaning assembly (4) is arranged on one side, far away from the feeding belt (1), of the peeling assembly (3), the sorting assembly (5) is arranged on one side, far away from the peeling assembly (3), of the peeling assembly (3) is connected with the cleaning assembly (4), and the cleaning assembly (4) is connected with the sorting assembly (5);

the husking assembly (3) comprises an upper bin (31), a lower bin (32), a pre-dividing component (33) and a crushing unit (34), wherein the upper bin (31) is fixedly connected with the lower bin (32), the lower bin (32) is fixedly connected with the ground, the pre-dividing component (33) is arranged in the upper bin (31), and the crushing unit (34) is arranged in the lower bin (32);

the pre-separating component (33) comprises a vibrating screen (331), a vibrating motor (332), a vertical channel (333), an inclined channel (334), a blower (335) and a separating plate (336), one end of the vibrating screen (331) is rotationally connected with the side wall of the upper bin (31), the other end of the vibrating screen (331) is connected with the vibrating motor (332), the vibrating motor (332) is fixedly connected with the side wall of the upper bin (31), one side of the vibrating screen (331) close to the vibrating motor (332) is lower than one end of the vibrating screen (331) close to the side wall of the upper bin (31), the upper end of the vertical channel (333) is arranged at the lower end of the vibrating screen (331) close to one side of the vibrating motor (332), the lower end of the inclined channel (334) is deviated to one side far away from the vibrating motor (332), the lower end of the inclined channel (334) is provided with a separating cavity, the blower (335) is fixedly connected with the side wall of the separating cavity, the blower (336) is arranged at the lower end of the inclined channel (334), the lower end of the inclined channel (334) is lower than the other end of the vibrating screen (332) is lower than the upper bin (31), the first input port is arranged at the first input port and the second input port is arranged at the first position corresponding to the first output port and the second output port is arranged at the first position on the upper side of the outer side of the inclined channel (334, the lower end of the sorting plate (336) is inclined towards one side of the sorting cavity close to the air blower (335), the second input port is communicated with one side of the sorting plate (336) close to the air blower (335), and one side of the sorting plate (336) far away from the air blower (335) is communicated with the lower bin (32);

the crushing unit (34) comprises a falling channel (341), a conveying belt (342), a wind pressure block (343), a screen plate (344), telescopic needles (345), a pushing electric cylinder (346), a connecting plate (347) and an ejection block (348), wherein the falling channel (341) is fixedly connected with a lower bin (32), the upper end of the falling channel (341) is communicated with one side of a sorting plate (336) far away from a blower (335), the conveying belt (342) is arranged below the falling channel (341), a gap is arranged between the conveying belt (342) and the side wall of a lower bin (32), the gap allows single peanut to pass through, two groups of conveying belts (342) are arranged at the central position of the conveying belt (342), wind pressure blocks (343) are provided with wind holes on the surfaces of the wind pressure blocks (343) and are communicated with an external air supply pipeline, the screen plate (344) is arranged on the upper side of the regulating plate, an eye row is arranged on the screen plate (344), the telescopic needles (345) are fixedly connected with the other ends of the telescopic needles (345) and the pushing electric cylinder (346), the output shaft of the pushing electric cylinder (346) is fixedly connected with the connecting plate (347), the ejection block (348) is arranged in a gap of the telescopic needle (345), the ejection block (348) is in sliding connection with the regulating plate, one side, close to the regulating plate, of the ejection block (348) is provided with a telescopic spring, one end of the telescopic spring is fixedly connected with the ejection block (348), and the other end of the telescopic spring is fixedly connected with the regulating plate;

a vibration generator is arranged inside the connecting plate (347);

the crushing unit (34) further comprises a peeling part (349), the peeling part (3491) comprises a flat belt (3491), an overspeed belt (3492), an annular airflow bin (3493), a spiral feeder (3494) and a puncturing piece, the flat belt (3491), the overspeed belt (3492) and the bottom of the lower bin (32) are fixedly connected, the overspeed belt (3492) is positioned above the flat belt (3491), the movement speed of the overspeed belt (3492) is higher than that of the flat belt (3491), the conveying belt (342) is positioned above the flat belt (3491), the flat belt (3491) and the overspeed belt (3492) are internally provided with the annular airflow bin (3493), the annular airflow bin (3493) is connected with an external compressed air pipeline through a pipeline, the puncturing piece is uniformly distributed on the surface of the flat belt (3491), the bottom of the spiral feeder (3494) is arranged on one side of the flat belt (3491) far away from the conveying belt (342), the spiral feeder (3494) is in a manner, the spiral feeder (3493) is in a manner of being uniformly distributed on the surface of the flat belt (3491), and the spiral feeder (3493) is in a manner, the top of the spiral feeder (3493) is in a manner, and a movable needle assembly (3495) is connected with a movable needle (3497) through a fixed needle (3497) and a sliding hole (95), the one end and annular air current storehouse (3493) fastening connection that fixed needle (3495) were kept away from to jacking spring (3497), fixed needle (3495) inside is provided with the discharge port, discharge port one end and fixed needle (3495) pointed end intercommunication, the discharge port other end and fixed needle (3495) lateral wall intercommunication, fixed needle (3495) that set up on flat area (3491) are bigger than fixed needle (3495) that set up on overspeed area (3492).

2. The seed selection device with husking and debris removal of claim 1 wherein: the utility model provides a subassembly (4) is clear away including shaking jar (41), shake platform (42), exhaust hole (43), first extraction passageway (44), second extraction passageway (45), clear away case (46) and ground fastening connection, shake platform (42) and clear away case (46) inside wall sliding connection, shake jar (41) and clear away case (46) inner wall bottom fastening connection, the output shaft and shake platform (42) fastening connection of shake jar (41), exhaust hole (43) set up at shake platform (42) upper surface, exhaust hole (43) and outside air feed pipeline intercommunication, exhaust hole (43) are provided with a plurality of, a plurality of exhaust holes (43) are at shake platform (42) upper surface evenly distributed, first extraction passageway (44), second extraction passageway (45) and clear away from case (46) lateral wall and keep away from peeling assembly (3) one side fastening connection, first extraction passageway (44) are located second extraction passageway (45) top, first extraction passageway (44) and outside passageway (45) and outside air feed pump (45), second extraction passageway (45) and outside air feed pump (45) are provided with, separation device (45) are provided with debris extraction passageway (45).

3. The seed selection device with husking and debris removal of claim 2 wherein: sorting subassembly (5) are including lower slide (51), sorting hole (52), classification case (53) and ground fastening connection, lower slide (51) and classification case (53) upper end fastening connection, sorting hole (52) set up at lower slide (51) surface, sorting hole (52) are provided with the multiunit, multiunit sorting hole (52) are along lower slide (51) evenly distributed, are close to sorting hole (52) diameter that clear away subassembly (4) one side and are less than sorting hole (52) that keep away from one side of clear subassembly (4).

4. A seed selection device with husking and debris removal as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the sorting assembly (5) further comprises a shaking screen (54) and a shaking electric cylinder (55), the shaking screen (54) is in sliding connection with the sorting box (53), the shaking electric cylinder (55) is in fastening connection with the sorting box (53), and an output shaft of the shaking electric cylinder (55) is in fastening connection with the shaking screen (54).

Images