CN116035012A - 一种含氯溴异氰尿酸和氟唑菌酰羟胺的杀菌组合物 - Google Patents
一种含氯溴异氰尿酸和氟唑菌酰羟胺的杀菌组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/56—1,2-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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Abstract
本发明属于农药技术领域，具体属于一种含氯溴异氰尿酸和氟唑菌酰羟胺的杀菌组合物。一种杀菌组合物，其有效成分由氯溴异氰尿酸和氟唑菌酰羟胺复配而成。本发明杀菌组合物中氯溴异氰尿酸和氟唑菌酰羟胺杀菌机制不同，可以有效延缓小麦根腐病等病原真菌抗药性的产生和发生，进而也可以降低因单独使用氟唑菌酰羟胺而带来的抗药性风险。另外，本发明杀菌组合物中氯溴异氰尿酸和氟唑菌酰羟胺进行复配时增效明显，对小麦根腐病具有很好的防治效果，可以减少施药剂量和施药次数，降低农药残留。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农药技术领域，具体属于一种含氯溴异氰尿酸和氟唑菌酰羟胺的杀菌组合物。
背景技术
由麦根腐离蠕孢菌(Bipolaris sorokiniana)、镰刀菌属(Fusarium spp.)和禾顶囊壳菌(Gaeumannomyces graminis)等多种土传病原菌单独侵染或者复合侵染引起的小麦根腐病在小麦整个生育期均可发生，其是危害小麦生产的一种重要性病害，一般可导致小麦减产20-30％，严重时减产可达70％以上。近年来，因种植业结构调整、秸秆还田及免耕栽培等技术在小麦种植区域大面积实施，导致病原菌在土壤中大面积积累，小麦根腐病的发生及危害程度日趋严重。
氯溴异氰尿酸，简称“消菌灵”，是一种被广泛用于自来水公司、游泳池、医疗场所、环卫部门、农业和畜牧水产等使用的氧化性消毒剂。氯溴异氰尿酸作用特点为对作物的细菌、真菌和病毒具有强烈的杀灭、内吸和保护双重功能，该药喷施在作物表面能慢慢地释放Cl和Br，形成次氯酸和溴酸，因此具有强烈的杀菌作用。在农业生产上，氯溴异氰尿酸是一种高效、广谱、新型内吸性杀菌剂，可杀灭各种细菌、藻类、真菌和病菌。而且氯溴异氰尿酸使用简便安全，杀菌效果良好，但其持续时间不长，且对单独使用时对小麦根腐病无明显的防治效果。
氟唑菌酰羟胺是由先正达公司发现并开发的最新一代琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂类杀菌剂，其通过抑制病原菌线粒体呼吸作用过程中三羧酸循环中的琥珀酸脱氢酶影响病原真菌的呼吸，阻碍能量代谢，抑制病原菌的生长，导致其死亡，具有高效、广谱和低毒等优点。可用于防治由镰刀菌(Fusarium spp.)、尾孢菌(Cercospora spp.)、葡萄孢菌(Botrytisspp.)和链格孢菌(Alternaria spp.)等许多病原菌引起的病害，如白粉病、叶斑病、褐斑病、靶斑病、网斑病、云纹病、叶枯病、灰霉病、赤霉病、恶苗病、菌核病、黑胫病、早疫病、黑星病及疮痂病等。
发明人通过室内试验发现氟唑菌酰羟胺对小麦根腐病的优势病菌原假禾谷镰刀菌(Fusarium pseudograminearum)具有较好的抑菌活性，这为有效防控小麦根腐病提供了可能。但氟唑菌酰羟胺为琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂类杀菌剂的典型代表，其作用位点单一，如果长期大量单一剂量施用易使病害产生抗药性。将氟唑菌酰羟胺与其他药剂复配，对于保护该药剂，延缓病害的抗药性发生和发展具有重要意义。
目前，还尚未见有氯溴异氰尿酸和氟唑菌酰羟胺复配的相关报道。
公开于该背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解，而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种含氯溴异氰尿酸和氟唑菌酰羟胺的杀菌组合物，以克服单一剂量施用氟唑菌酰羟胺易使病害产生抗药性的缺点。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下技术方案：
一种杀菌组合物，其有效成分由氯溴异氰尿酸和氟唑菌酰羟胺复配而成。
作为优选，所述氯溴异氰尿酸和氟唑菌酰羟胺的质量比为3-1：7-9。
作为优选，所述氯溴异氰尿酸和氟唑菌酰羟胺的质量比为3：7。
本发明还提供了所述的杀菌组合物在防治小麦根腐病中的应用。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：
(1)本发明杀菌组合物中氯溴异氰尿酸和氟唑菌酰羟胺杀菌机制不同，可以有效减缓小麦根腐病等病原菌抗药性的产生和发生，进而可以降低单独使用氟唑菌酰羟胺带来的抗药性风险。
(2)本发明杀菌组合物中氯溴异氰尿酸和氟唑菌酰羟胺进行复配时增效明显，对小麦根腐病具有很好的防治效果，可以减少施药剂量和施药次数，降低农药残留。
具体实施方式
根据下述实施例，可以更好地理解本发明。然而，本领域的技术人员容易理解，实施例所描述的内容仅用于说明本发明，而不应当也不会限制权利要求书中所详细描述的本发明。
实施例：防治药剂筛选
1.供试菌株：假禾谷镰刀菌(Fusarium pseudograminearum)
2.供试药剂
90％氯溴异氰尿酸原药(沧州蓝润生物制药有限公司)、98％氟唑菌酰羟胺原药(先正达南通作物保护有限公司)
将供试药剂先用二甲基亚砜溶解，再用0.1％吐温-80水溶液稀释配制成单剂母液，设置多组配比，各单剂和配比混剂均按等比方法设置5个质量浓度梯度。
3.试验方法：采用菌丝生长速率法，将预先融化的PDA培养基9mL加入无菌锥形瓶中，从低浓度到高浓度依次定量吸取药液1mL，分别加入上述锥形瓶中，充分摇匀后倒入直径为9cm的培养皿中，制成相应浓度的含药平板；并设不含药剂的处理作空白对照，每个处理设置10个重复。
用打孔器在供试菌株菌落边缘切取直径5mm菌饼，接种于含药平板和空白对照平板中央，盖上皿盖后置于25℃，光照：黑暗为12h：12h的恒温箱培养3d，用十字交叉法测量菌落直径，计算不同处理对菌丝生长抑制率。
4.数据分析：采用DPS软件进行数据统计分析，以杀菌剂浓度对数值为x，对应的菌丝生长抑制率几率值为y进行线性回归，得出毒力回归方程及药剂对靶标病菌的毒力EC50值，并根据孙云沛法计算共毒系数(CTC)。
5.测定结果
根据计算的共毒系数(CTC)评价药剂的增效作用，CTC≤80为拮抗作用，80＜CTC＜120为相加作用，CTC≥120为增效作用，结果见表1。
表1氯溴异氰尿酸和氟唑菌酰羟胺复配对假禾谷镰刀菌的室内生物活性测定
| 药剂名称及配比 | EC50(mg/L) | ATI | TTI | CTC |
| 氯溴异氰尿酸 | 138.1782 | 100.0000 | -- | -- |
| 氟唑菌酰羟胺 | 0.0164 | 842550.0000 | -- | -- |
| 氯溴异氰尿酸9：氟唑菌酰羟胺1 | 128.3219 | 107.6809 | 84345.0000 | 0.1277 |
| 氯溴异氰尿酸8：氟唑菌酰羟胺2 | 81.2674 | 170.0291 | 168590.0000 | 0.1009 |
| 氯溴异氰尿酸7：氟唑菌酰羟胺3 | 53.1581 | 259.9382 | 252835.0000 | 0.1028 |
| 氯溴异氰尿酸6：氟唑菌酰羟胺4 | 19.4605 | 710.0444 | 337080.0000 | 0.2106 |
| 氯溴异氰尿酸5：氟唑菌酰羟胺5 | 2.0533 | 6729.5670 | 421325.0000 | 1.5972 |
| 氯溴异氰尿酸4：氟唑菌酰羟胺6 | 1.0439 | 13236.7277 | 505570.0000 | 2.6182 |
| 氯溴异氰尿酸3：氟唑菌酰羟胺7 | 0.0012 | 11514850.0000 | 589815.0000 | 1952.2816 |
| 氯溴异氰尿酸2：氟唑菌酰羟胺8 | 0.0496 | 278585.0806 | 674060.0000 | 41.3294 |
| 氯溴异氰尿酸1：氟唑菌酰羟胺9 | 0.0394 | 350706.0914 | 758305.0000 | 46.2487 |
由表1可知，氯溴异氰尿酸和氟唑菌酰羟胺复配后，在质量比为3-1：7-9内对小麦根腐病病原菌假禾谷镰刀菌的共毒系数均大于120，表现为增效作用。尤其是当质量比3：7时，共毒系数达到了1952.2816，增效作用最为显著。
综上，本发明杀菌组合物中氯溴异氰尿酸和氟唑菌酰羟胺进行复配时增效明显，对小麦根腐病具有很好的防治效果，可以减少施药剂量和施药次数，降低农药残留。
对示例性实施例进行选择和描述的目的在于解释本发明的特定原理及其实际应用，从而使得本领域的技术人员能够实现并利用本发明的各种不同的示例性实施方案以及各种不同的选择和改变。本发明的范围意在由权利要求书及其等同形式所限定。
Claims (4)
1.一种杀菌组合物，其特征在于，其有效成分由氯溴异氰尿酸和氟唑菌酰羟胺复配而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的杀菌组合物，其特征在于，所述氯溴异氰尿酸和氟唑菌酰羟胺的质量比为3-1：7-9。
3.根据权利要求2所述的杀菌组合物，其特征在于，所述氯溴异氰尿酸和氟唑菌酰羟胺的质量比为3：7。
4.权利要求1-3任一项所述的杀菌组合物在防治小麦根腐病中的应用。
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