CN1160179A - 用于冰箱等的改进的贮存舱 - Google Patents

用于冰箱等的改进的贮存舱 Download PDF

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CN1160179A
CN1160179A CN96107948A CN96107948A CN1160179A CN 1160179 A CN1160179 A CN 1160179A CN 96107948 A CN96107948 A CN 96107948A CN 96107948 A CN96107948 A CN 96107948A CN 1160179 A CN1160179 A CN 1160179A
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马里奥·维斯马莱
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Devi SpA
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    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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Abstract

一种贮存舱,可获得合适的绝热值,而同时考虑材料的重复利用可以容易地分解。本发明的贮存舱(1,1A)包括座(9,9A),可自由地容放叠层件(10,10A),它不透红外线,优选是抽真空的包层叠层件。

Description

用于冰箱等的改进的贮存舱
本发明涉及改进的贮存舱,特别是用于冰箱和类似的家庭生活电气用具。
在冰箱的致冷器方面,特别是要求构成在操作时最低的能量消耗,而同时当损坏时能容易地重复利用的设备。
这些要求是相互矛盾的,因为降低能源消费(要求提高绝热),导致采用越来越复杂的结构,它不便拆除,这就不能重复利用。
本发明的目的是提供能消除上述缺点的用于冰箱或致冷器的贮存舱,它与同样容量的公知的贮存舱相比,具有高的绝热性,同时当损坏时可容易地拆卸为相关的零件,以方便重复利用。
通过按照权利要求1和/或7所述的贮存舱,可达到此目的。
在各壁内,在空间装有不透红外线的叠层件,显著地提高绝热系数。然而,事实上贮存舱或各壁的组件,通过移去型材件或将其抽出以使它们相互分开,即方便地分解并由此可以重复利用。另外,为了上述目的,各不透红外线零件可自由地装在它们座中,并且可全部地回收,在可能的范围内将其在相同的部位上重复使用。
下面通过非限制性的实例和附图说明本发明,附图中:
图1是按照本发明贮存舱的第一实施例的部分剖开的透视图;
图2是图1的部分放大图;
图3是图1贮存舱零件的部分透视图;
图4是按照本发明贮存舱的第二实施例的分解透视图;
图5是贮存舱的第二实施例的零件连接区域的部分放大剖视图;
图6表示图4贮存舱的部分零件;
图7和8表示通过用于阻止红外线的两零件部分放大剖视图;
图9是本发明贮存舱的部分截面图。
参见图1-3,由1总体地表示本发明第一实施例的贮存舱,通过应用致冷装置(未示出)特别地用作冰箱和/或致冷器的结构。它包括一个后壁2,一个与基壁相对的并形成所说贮存舱的门的壁(未示出),一上壁3,一下壁4和两侧壁5。
致冷装置(未示出)最好固定于后壁。所说的各壁是由刚性材料的外板6和内板7构成的复合结构,它们的厚度基本上小于空间8。
为了绝热,空间8填充发泡聚苯乙烯或其它类似材料。至少选自上壁3,下壁4和侧壁5中的一个壁包括座9,可自由地容放不透红外线的叠层件10。上壁3,下壁4和侧壁5的每个外板6,沿着公共的二面角,通过基本上为T截面的型材件11固定于相邻的外板。型材件11安装使得两相同零件,或突缘12各自夹持外板6,外板紧贴空间8的发泡聚苯乙烯,而第三零件13被强制插入直槽14,而直槽14是沿着贮存舱1的由二面角的顶峰位置所构成的。为了经济,实用性和特别是刚性结构的原因,通过发泡件成型获得的刚性材料内板7,直接粘结于占据空间8的发泡聚苯乙烯。
构成叠层件10的材料是不透红外线的,以便提高贮存舱1的热绝缘性能。
在图1和2所示的实施例中,不透红外线的叠层件10至少包括一铝板或类似的材料。在图7所示的改进结构中,不透红外线的叠层件10由多块铝板15,并被至少一块发泡聚苯乙烯板16所间隔而构成的。在图8所示的另一结构中,不透红外线的叠层件10由构成与外界隔绝的隔层的包层17形成,优选是铝和至少含有一层绝热材料(优选是聚苯乙烯板16)所构成的。然而,其中所说的包层和包含在其中的材料在制造时放在真空中,几乎完全排除通过气体热传导组分,否则气体会保持在包层17和所包含的材料内。或是通过绝热层或是通过包层材料17的性能,以获得不透过红外线的性能。还是经济和刚性结构的原因,通过发泡件的成形以获得也是聚苯乙烯的刚性材料内板7,直接粘结于占据空间8的发泡聚苯乙烯。
填充绝热材料的空间8和阻止辐射线的叠层件10的结合,导致贮存舱具有高的热绝缘性能。然而,它不妨碍重复利用,因为仅仅需要移去型材件11以使绝热材料与阻止辐射线的材料分开,所说的绝热材料通常是聚苯乙烯或类似的材料,所说阻止辐射线的材料包括异质材料,通常是铝。阻止辐射线的叠层件10可以容易地为相同的目的重复利用,特别是如果采用更为复杂的一种型式,和因此是有效的结构,例如,其中包层17的内部是抽真空的(图8)。因此,本发明对提供用于油箱和/或致冷器的生态学(ecological)的贮存舱这一更一般的目的有贡献。
按照上述的构思,按照本发明的贮存舱可采用图4-6所示的另一实施例。在所示的图中相应的零件用相同的序号加上字母“A”。同样也适合于图7和8。
在贮存舱1A中,通过发泡件成形以获得的刚性材料(聚苯乙烯)内板7,直接地粘结于占据空间8的发泡聚苯乙烯。同样,通过发泡件成形以获得刚性材料(聚苯乙烯)外板6A,直接地粘结于占据空间8的发泡聚苯乙烯。贮存舱1A沿着空间8A的中心面,分为两个部分(第一部分18和第二部分19),而第一部分18插入第二部分19。优选是刚性材料内板7A与外板6A的边缘通过挤压的型材件20连接一起,所说的型材件20沿着贮存舱1A的边缘延伸。门(未示出)与其贴紧。第一部分18和第二部分19可以不同的方式连接一起,例如,如图9所示。
塑料框20包括内金属芯21,用于磁性吸附门。
仍然在第二实施例的贮存舱1A中,选自上壁3A,下壁4A和侧壁54A中的至少一个壁,在所说的空间8A内包括一座9A,它自由地容放不透红外线的叠层件10A。正如可以看到,在填充空间8A的发泡聚苯乙烯的两个部分18和19之间设置了用于自由地容放叠层件10A的座9A。
另外,在这种情况下,填充绝热材料的空间8A和阻止辐射线的叠层件10A的结合,导致贮存舱具有高的绝缘性能。然而,以这种方式获得的贮存舱不妨碍重复利用,因为它仅仅需要抽出构件以使绝热材料与阻止辐射线材料或包层件分开。所说的绝热材料通常是聚苯乙烯和它的共聚物或类似的材料,所说阻止辐射线材料通常是铝板,所说的绝热材料和阻止辐射线材料或包层件能回收,并在相同的部位重复使用。
以上所说的也可应用于箱型冰箱和/或致冷器的贮存舱,在那里当关闭时门基本上处于水平面,当开启时门基本上处于垂直平面。
值得注意的是,第一实施例(图1)和第二实施例(图4)的贮存舱,特别不同于现有技术的是,使用单一材料(在上述实施例中的聚苯乙烯和它的共聚物),以形成承载结构(外板6A和内板7,7A)和绝热部分(空间8和8A)。此外,本发明教导,通过将相同材料粘合于不同的同素异形的结构形成冰箱的贮舱,例如,通过热成形发泡的热压结的聚苯乙烯粘结于刚性的聚苯乙烯薄片。
由于由单一的材料构成,因此,容易重复利用和产品成本低。另外,通过直接地将发泡的聚苯乙烯成形于刚性壁6,7,7A,可获得极好结构性能产品。
将叠层件10,10A附加于热压结的聚苯乙烯,提高本发明贮存舱的总体热绝缘性能,导致结合在其中的致冷装置的能量消耗减少。
使用按照本发明技术所产生的优点是显著的,在相同的条件下是:
基于由戊烷发泡的聚苯乙烯的绝热空间的典型热阻λ为大约20-24mw/km;
按照本发明绝热空间的典型热阻λ值小于16mw/km。
存在的差别和由此带来节能的优点是明显的。并且贮存舱材料的λ值对老化变质的敏感小于广泛用作贮存舱结构的发泡聚苯乙烯。
与传统的贮存舱相比,能以较少的步骤制造本发明的贮存舱,所说的传统贮存舱至少需要三个不同的步骤进行制造,即弯曲金属板,热成形和发泡步骤。
尤其是,第二实施例的贮存舱1A甚至有更多的优点,可以用层叠件10A插在其间使壳体18和19简单地装配在一起以制造该贮存舱。通过插入装配可以精确地制造贮存舱1A,因此,不需用粘合剂,而粘合剂将影响装配成本和给重复利用带来问题。

Claims (17)

1.一种改进的贮存舱(1),特别是用于冰箱和类似的家庭生活电气用具,它包括后壁(2),与后壁相对并形成所说贮存舱的门的壁,上壁(3),下壁(4)和侧壁(5),所说的各壁具有由刚性材料的外板(6)和内板(7)构成的复合结构,内外板的厚度基本上小于所存在的空间(8),所说的空间(8)填充以发泡聚苯乙烯,其特征是:
选自上壁(3),下壁(4)和侧壁(5)中的至少一个壁包括座(9),可自由地容放一不透红外线的叠层件(10);
上壁(3),下壁(4)和侧壁(5)的每个外板(6),沿着公共二面角,通过基本上为T截面的型材件(11)固定于相邻的外板,型材件的两相同的零件(12)各自夹持外板(6),而外板紧贴空间(8)的发泡聚苯乙烯,而第三零件(13)被强制插入直槽(14)中,该直槽是沿着二面角的顶峰位置而构成的。
2.按照权利要求1的贮存舱,其特征是,构成占据空间(8)的发泡聚苯乙烯成形为直接地粘结于刚性材料的内板。
3.按照权利要求1的贮存舱,其特征是,不透红外线的叠层件(10)至少包括一粘板(15)。
4.按照权利要求1的贮存舱,其特征是,不透红外线的叠层件(10)由多块铝板(15)并至少由一发泡聚苯乙烯板(16)所间隔而构成的。
5.按照权利要求1的贮存舱,其特征是:不透红外线的叠层件(10)由不透明材料的包层(17),至少包含一块或一层绝热材料(16)而构成,所说的包层(17)是抽真空的。
6.按照权利要求1的贮存舱,其特征是,构成占据空间(8)的聚苯乙烯,成形为直接地粘结于内板(7),可获得极好的承载结构。
7.按照上述之一权利要求的贮存舱,其特征是,刚性材料内板(7)由占据空间(8)的发泡聚苯乙烯的同聚物或共聚物构成,所以,在它们之间获得较好的粘结,并且在产品寿命终止时可直接地重复利用贮存舱。
8.一种改进的贮存舱,特别是用于冰箱和类似的家庭生活电气用具,它包括后壁(2A),与后壁(2A)相对并构成所说贮存舱的门的壁,上壁(3A),下壁(4A)和侧壁(5A),所说的各壁具有由刚性材料的外板(6A)和内板(7A)构成的复合结构,内外板的厚度基本上小于所存在的空间(8A),所说的空间(8A)填充以发泡聚苯乙烯,其特征是,
构成占据空间(8A)的发泡聚苯乙烯成形为直接地粘结于刚性材料的内壁(7A)和外壁(6A),以保证具有极好的承载结构,沿着空间(8A)的中心平面,空间(8A)可分为两个部分,以致贮存舱(1A)的一部分可以插入另一部分,所说贮存舱(1A)的两个部分或是直接或是通过挤压的型材件(20)使它们沿着刚性材料板(6A,7A)的边缘连接在一起,所说的挤压的型材件(20)沿着边缘延伸,门与其紧贴;
选自上壁(3A),下壁(4A)和侧壁(5A)中的至少一个壁,在所说的空间(8A)内包括座(9A),可自由地容放有不透红外线的叠层件(10A)。
9.按照上述之一权利要求的贮存舱,其特征是,刚性材料内板(7A)是由占据空间(8A)的发泡聚苯乙烯的同聚物或共聚物构成,所以,在它们之间获得较好的粘结,并且在产品寿命终止时可以直接地重复利用贮存舱。
10.按照权利要求8的贮存舱,其特征是,在填充空间(8)的发泡聚苯乙烯两部分之间设置可自由地容放叠层件(10A)的座(9A)。
11.按照权利要求8的贮存舱,其特征是,不透红外线的叠层件(10A)至少包括一铝板。
12.按照权利要求8的贮存舱,其特征是,不透红外线的叠层件(10A)是由多块铝板(15A),至少由一发泡聚苯乙烯(16A)或类似性能的材料的间隔而构成的。
13.按照权利要求8的贮存舱,其特征是,不透红外线的叠层件(10A)由包层(17A),至少包含一块或一层绝热材料(16A)而构成的,所说的包层(17A)是抽真空的。
14.按照权利要求8的贮存舱,其特征是,沿着门贴着的边缘延伸挤压的型材件(20)的内部包含有铁磁性件(21)。
15.按照权利要求1或8的贮存舱,其特征是,用于箱式冰箱和/或致冷器的一种贮存舱。
16.按照权利要求1或8的贮存舱,其特征是,通过两个不同的绝热件以实现绝热功能,第一绝热件由发泡聚苯乙烯构成,它具有合适的λ值,并构成系统的结构,而另一绝热件具有极好的λ值,优选是由抽真空的包层(17A)构成。
17.按照权利要求16的贮存舱,其特征是,包层(17A)自由地插于座(9A)中,所以,可以容易地将贮存舱拆开,由此其优点是可以重复利用和/或回收各组件。
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