CN116002938A - Conditioning agent for geotechnical tube bag dehydration and simultaneous fermentation of river and lake dredging bottom mud and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Conditioning agent for geotechnical tube bag dehydration and simultaneous fermentation of river and lake dredging bottom mud and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN116002938A
CN116002938A CN202211561534.2A CN202211561534A CN116002938A CN 116002938 A CN116002938 A CN 116002938A CN 202211561534 A CN202211561534 A CN 202211561534A CN 116002938 A CN116002938 A CN 116002938A
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conditioner
inner core
shell
coating
mass
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杨旺旺
陈益钟
黄佳音
于通
胡保安
杜成德
钱泽朋
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Cccc Tianjin Ecological Environmental Protection Design And Research Institute Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a conditioner for dehydration and synchronous fermentation of bottom mud and a preparation method thereof, wherein the conditioner is granular and sequentially comprises an inner core, an outer shell and a coating from inside to outside, wherein: the mass portion of the inner core is 1.5-2 portions, the inner core is formed by pressing coconut husk, and the density of the pressed coconut husk is 0.45-0.50g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The shell consists of 6-8 parts by weight of natural sand, 2-2.5 parts by weight of corn cob powder and 0.5-1 part by weight of composite microbial inoculum, wherein the fineness modulus of the natural sand is 2.5-3.0, and the mass part ratio of the inner core to the shell is 1 (5-6); the composite microbial inoculum consists of streptococcus thermophilus and actinomycetes thermophilus, and the mass ratio of the streptococcus thermophilus to the actinomycetes thermophilus is 1:1, a step of; the coating consists of 0.6-0.8 part by weight of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer and 0.15-0.2 part by weight of polyvinyl alcohol. The method comprisesThe regulator can obviously shorten the dehydration period of the bottom mud and reduce the comprehensive treatment cost of the bottom mud.

Description

用于河湖疏浚底泥土工管袋脱水和同步发酵的调理剂及其制备方法Conditioning agent for dehydration and simultaneous fermentation of river and lake dredging bottom mud geotechnical tube bag and preparation method thereof

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及河湖底泥处理处置技术领域,具体涉及一种用于河湖疏浚底泥土工管袋脱水和同步发酵的调理剂及其制备方法。The invention relates to the technical field of river and lake bottom mud treatment and disposal, in particular to a conditioner for dehydration and simultaneous fermentation of river and lake bottom mud geotechnical tube bags and a preparation method thereof.

背景技术Background technique

生态清淤是清除河湖内源污染的重要手段,但清淤不可避免会产生大量高含水率底泥。通常的处理手段是将底泥脱水减容后进行安全填埋,但是这种处理方式不仅挤占了有限的填埋场库容,还造成了底泥资源本身的浪费,因为大部分河湖底泥中富含有机质和氮、磷营养盐,经发酵处理后可以作为绿化种植土,实现资源化利用。Ecological dredging is an important means to remove endogenous pollution in rivers and lakes, but dredging will inevitably produce a large amount of sediment with high water content. The usual treatment method is to dehydrate and reduce the volume of the sediment and then landfill it safely. However, this treatment method not only occupies the limited storage capacity of the landfill, but also causes a waste of the sediment resource itself, because most river and lake sediments are rich in Containing organic matter and nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, it can be used as green planting soil after fermentation treatment to realize resource utilization.

目前,河湖底泥制备绿化土已有相关研究,主要是将底泥脱水工艺和底泥发酵制备绿化土工艺环节进行简单串接,即先将底泥脱水至设计含水率要求,然后再运输至指定场所进行发酵处理,如中国发明专利公开号CN113142014A公开了一种碱性河道淤泥基园林绿植土及其制备方法,将糠醛渣、秸秆粉、壳聚糖等材料与板框压滤脱水后的底泥混合,进行堆肥发酵。中国发明专利公开号CN110604031A公开了一种利用河道底泥堆肥生产园林植物无土栽培基质的方法,在脱水后的底泥中加入园林固体废弃物、蘑菇渣、中药渣等材料,通过条垛式或强制通风式堆肥好氧发酵,最后加入珍珠岩、蛭石等辅料,得到无土栽培基质。两种方法均是针对脱水后底泥进行的发酵,没有考虑底泥脱水和同步发酵处理的相互强化效益,存在工期长、费用高、难以规模化应用的问题。At present, there have been related studies on the preparation of greening soil from river and lake sediments, mainly through the simple connection of the dehydration process of the sediment and the process of preparing the greening soil from the fermentation of the sediment, that is, dehydrating the sediment to the design moisture content requirement first, and then transporting it to the Fermentation treatment is carried out at a designated place, such as the Chinese Invention Patent Publication No. CN113142014A discloses an alkaline river mud-based garden green planting soil and its preparation method, after materials such as furfural residue, straw powder, and chitosan are dehydrated with plate and frame press filtration The bottom mud is mixed for compost fermentation. Chinese Invention Patent Publication No. CN110604031A discloses a method of using river bottom mud compost to produce soilless culture substrates for garden plants. Materials such as garden solid waste, mushroom slag, and traditional Chinese medicine slag are added to the dehydrated bottom mud. Or forced ventilation compost aerobic fermentation, and finally add perlite, vermiculite and other auxiliary materials to obtain a soilless cultivation substrate. Both methods are aimed at the fermentation of the dehydrated bottom sludge, without considering the mutually reinforcing benefits of bottom sludge dehydration and simultaneous fermentation treatment, which have the problems of long construction period, high cost, and difficulty in large-scale application.

发明人经过研究发现,若采用土工管袋脱水工艺,将发酵材料直接充填进土工管袋,可以实现底泥脱水和发酵两个环节同步处理,其中发酵材料可以促进底泥含水率的下降,而底泥脱水用土工管袋可以提供底泥发酵场所,整个工艺可以大幅度缩短工期,降低底泥制备绿化土费用。而实现该同步处理工艺的关键在于寻找一种能够适应底泥脱水的发酵材料,目前国内外尚无相关研究。The inventor found through research that if the geotechnical tube bag dehydration process is used, the fermentation material can be directly filled into the geotechnical tube bag, and the two links of sediment dehydration and fermentation can be simultaneously processed, wherein the fermentation material can promote the decline of the moisture content of the sediment, and the The geotube bag for sediment dehydration can provide a fermentation place for sediment, and the whole process can greatly shorten the construction period and reduce the cost of preparing green soil from sediment. The key to realizing the synchronous treatment process is to find a fermentation material that can adapt to the dehydration of the sediment, and there is no related research at home and abroad.

发明内容Contents of the invention

为实现上述底泥脱水和同步发酵技术,本发明的一个目的是提供一种工艺简单、环境友好、节省成本的用于河湖疏浚底泥土工管袋脱水和同步发酵的调理剂。In order to realize the above-mentioned sediment dehydration and synchronous fermentation technology, an object of the present invention is to provide a conditioner for dehydration and synchronous fermentation of river and lake dredging sediment geotube bags with simple process, environmental friendliness and cost saving.

本发明的另一个目的是提供上述调理剂的制备方法。Another object of the present invention is to provide a process for the preparation of the above conditioner.

为此,本发明提供一下技术方案:For this reason, the present invention provides following technical scheme:

一种用于河湖疏浚底泥土工管袋脱水和同步发酵的调理剂,该调理剂为颗粒状,由内而外依次包括内核、外壳和包衣,其中:A conditioner used for dehydration and synchronous fermentation of river and lake dredged geotechnical tube bags, the conditioner is in the form of granules, and includes an inner core, an outer shell and a coating from the inside to the outside, wherein:

所述内核的质量份数为1.5~2份,由椰糠压制而成,压制后的椰糠密度为0.45-0.50g/cm3The mass fraction of the inner core is 1.5-2 parts, which is formed by pressing coconut bran, and the density of the pressed coconut bran is 0.45-0.50g/cm 3 ;

所述外壳由天然砂、玉米轴粉、复合菌剂组成,三者的质量份数分别为6~8份、2~2.5份、0.5~1份,其中,所述天然砂细度模数为2.5-3.0,所述内核和外壳的质量份数比为1:(5-6)(外壳和内核的体积比约为0.65:0.35,);所述复合菌剂由嗜热链球菌和嗜热放线菌构成,二者的质量比为1:1;The shell is composed of natural sand, corn cob powder, and composite microbial agent, and the mass parts of the three are 6-8 parts, 2-2.5 parts, and 0.5-1 part respectively, wherein the fineness modulus of the natural sand is 2.5-3.0, the mass fraction ratio of the inner core and the shell is 1:(5-6) (the volume ratio of the shell and the inner core is about 0.65:0.35); Composed of actinomycetes, the mass ratio of the two is 1:1;

所述包衣由乙酸乙烯-乙烯共聚物和聚乙烯醇组成,二者的质量份数分别为0.6~0.8份、0.15~0.2份。The coating is composed of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer and polyvinyl alcohol, and the mass parts of the two are 0.6-0.8 parts and 0.15-0.2 parts respectively.

优选的是,调理剂颗粒的直径为4~6mm,密度为1.1~1.2g/cm3Preferably, the conditioner particles have a diameter of 4-6 mm and a density of 1.1-1.2 g/cm 3 .

所述椰糠由椰子外壳纤维粉末制备而成,所述椰子外壳纤维粉末分解度为中等,灰分比值为6%~8%,容重为0.1~0.15g/cm3,EC值(含盐量)为1.30-2.60mS/cm;采用清水将所述椰子外壳纤维粉末清洗3~5遍后,控制椰糠EC值≤0.5mS/cm,然后烘干至含水率≤15%。The coconut peat is prepared from coconut shell fiber powder, the decomposition degree of the coconut shell fiber powder is medium, the ash content ratio is 6% to 8%, the bulk density is 0.1 to 0.15g/cm 3 , and the EC value (salt content) It is 1.30-2.60mS/cm; after cleaning the coconut shell fiber powder with clean water for 3-5 times, the EC value of coconut peat is controlled to be ≤0.5mS/cm, and then dried until the moisture content is ≤15%.

所述玉米轴粉由玉米脱去籽粒后的穗轴磨碎过120目筛得到,含水量为3~5wt%。The corn cob powder is obtained by grinding corn cobs after removing kernels through a 120-mesh sieve, and the water content is 3-5 wt%.

优选的是,所述复合菌剂含水量≤8wt%,有效活菌数≥20亿CFU/克。Preferably, the water content of the composite bacterial agent is ≤8wt%, and the number of effective viable bacteria is ≥2 billion CFU/g.

优选的是,所述调理剂颗粒的密度为1.1~1.2g/cm3,这样最接近清淤泥浆密度,可以保证调理剂均匀分布在泥浆中,确保后期发酵过程的均一性和充分性。Preferably, the conditioner particles have a density of 1.1-1.2g/cm 3 , which is closest to the density of dredging mud, which can ensure that the conditioner is evenly distributed in the mud and ensure the uniformity and adequacy of the later fermentation process.

一种上述调理剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:A preparation method of the above conditioning agent, comprising the following steps:

S1,内核制作:将所述椰糠送入对辊撕碎颗粒机,在2.5-3Mpa压力下,经过5-10min压制成球状。对辊撕碎颗粒机可将椰糠体积减容至原体积的1/4~1/3,辊模直径可调整,调整范围为2mm~20cm。S1, making the inner core: send the coconut peat into a double-roll shredding granulator, and press it into a spherical shape after 5-10 minutes under a pressure of 2.5-3Mpa. The double roller shredding granulator can reduce the volume of coconut peat to 1/4~1/3 of the original volume, and the diameter of the roller mold can be adjusted, and the adjustment range is 2mm~20cm.

S2,外壳制作:将砂、淀粉、复合菌剂按照上述原料配比混合均匀,得到外壳材料;然后按比例将所述内核与外壳材料放入抛丸造粒机中进行裹壳造粒,颗粒直径为4~6mm;S2, shell production: mix sand, starch, and composite bacterial agent uniformly according to the above-mentioned raw material ratio to obtain shell materials; then put the core and shell materials into a shot blasting granulator in proportion to shell granulation, and granulate The diameter is 4~6mm;

S3,包衣制作:将所述乙酸乙烯-乙烯共聚物、聚乙烯醇按照配比混合均匀,然后加入步骤S2得到的颗粒,放入包膜机进行包膜,包衣厚度为15-20μm。S3, coating production: mix the vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer and polyvinyl alcohol uniformly according to the ratio, then add the granules obtained in step S2, put them into a coating machine for coating, and the coating thickness is 15-20 μm.

上述调理剂可用于河湖疏浚底泥(含水率为95%左右,密度为1.12g/cm3)土工管袋脱水和同步发酵制备绿化土,其中河湖疏浚底泥的含水率为95%左右,密度为1.08g/cm3),每方河湖疏浚底泥的调理剂用量为1~1.6kg。使用时将絮凝剂和该调理剂依次加入河湖疏浚底泥中。The above-mentioned conditioner can be used for the dehydration of river and lake dredging sediment (moisture content is about 95%, density is 1.12g/cm 3 ) geotube bag and synchronous fermentation to prepare greening soil, wherein the water content of river and lake dredging sediment is about 95% , with a density of 1.08g/cm 3 ), the amount of conditioner used for each square of river and lake dredged sediment is 1-1.6kg. When in use, the flocculant and the conditioning agent are sequentially added to the dredged bottom mud of rivers and lakes.

本发明根据底泥脱水和制备绿化土的需求,将调理剂分为三层,每层发挥的作用不同,具体如下:The present invention divides the conditioning agent into three layers according to the needs of bottom mud dehydration and preparation of landscaping soil, and each layer plays a different role, specifically as follows:

内核选用压缩致密的椰糠体,一方面遇水会急剧膨胀,吸收自身体积5~10倍水分,能够将底泥含水率从85%调理至70%以内,满足后续底泥发酵含水率条件,同时由于椰糠的膨胀作用,会增加土工管袋内底泥的透气性,改善后续底泥发酵通气条件。另一方面,椰糠C/N比约为120,能够解决发酵过程中底泥碳源不足的问题。The inner core is made of compressed and dense coconut bran body. On the one hand, it will expand rapidly when it encounters water, absorbing 5 to 10 times its own volume of water, and can adjust the moisture content of the sediment from 85% to less than 70%, which meets the moisture content conditions of the subsequent sediment fermentation. At the same time, due to the expansion of coconut peat, the air permeability of the bottom mud in the geotube bag will be increased, and the aeration conditions for subsequent bottom mud fermentation will be improved. On the other hand, the C/N ratio of coconut peat is about 120, which can solve the problem of insufficient carbon source in the sediment during the fermentation process.

外壳由砂、淀粉、复合菌剂构成,其中砂可用于改善底泥制备出的绿化土入渗率指标,原因在于清淤底泥以淤泥质粘土为主,天然入渗率值低,而引入砂后土体粒径分布更接近天然种植土。外壳层中的淀粉,一方面发挥粘合剂作用,将外壳材料包裹在内核上,另一方面,可以为复合菌剂提供营养物。外壳层的复合菌剂,用于土工管袋内底泥的发酵。The outer shell is composed of sand, starch, and compound bacterial agent. The sand can be used to improve the infiltration rate index of the green soil prepared from the bottom mud. The reason is that the dredged bottom mud is mainly silty clay, and the natural infiltration rate is low. The particle size distribution of sanded soil is closer to the natural planting soil. The starch in the shell layer, on the one hand, acts as an adhesive to wrap the shell material on the inner core, and on the other hand, it can provide nutrients for the compound bacterial agent. The composite microbial agent of the shell layer is used for the fermentation of the bottom mud in the geotechnical pipe bag.

采用了乙酸乙烯-乙烯共聚物对聚乙烯醇进行改性,有效提升了膜的耐水性,渗透率约0.66%,主要作用是控制底泥中的水缓慢进入到内核层,保证大约2~3天后内核吸水膨胀,调理剂崩裂。Vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer is used to modify polyvinyl alcohol, which effectively improves the water resistance of the membrane, and the permeability is about 0.66%. The inner core absorbs water and swells, and the conditioner crumbles.

与现有的调理剂相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:Compared with existing conditioning agents, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1.本发明的调理剂充分利用了椰糠材料的强吸水性和高碳氮比,实现了清淤底泥脱水和同步发酵功能。该调理剂与泥浆同步充填到土工管袋内部,显著缩短了底泥脱水工期,同时在土工管袋内完成底泥发酵,无需额外的发酵设备。传统土工管袋脱水和发酵制备绿化土的串接工工艺,总工期至少在3~4个月以上,本发明的调理剂可缩短总工期至2个月以内。1. The conditioner of the present invention fully utilizes the strong water absorption and high carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of the coconut bran material, and realizes the dehydration and synchronous fermentation functions of dredging bottom sludge. The conditioner is filled into the geotechnical tube bag synchronously with the mud, which significantly shortens the dehydration period of the sediment, and at the same time completes the fermentation of the sediment in the geotechnical tube bag without additional fermentation equipment. The traditional geotechnical pipe bag dehydration and fermentation process for preparing landscaping soil requires a total construction period of at least 3 to 4 months. The conditioner of the present invention can shorten the total construction period to within 2 months.

2.本发明的调理剂充分利用了土工管袋充填结束后尾水排放释放的袋容,以土工管袋释放的内部空间作为底泥发酵场所,较传统底泥发酵制备绿化土工程,无需土建、厂房部分投资,显著降低了底泥综合处理的工程成本,增强了底泥制备绿化土技术的市场生存力和竞争力。2. The conditioning agent of the present invention makes full use of the bag capacity released by the tail water discharge after the geotechnical tube bag is filled, and uses the internal space released by the geotechnical tube bag as the bottom mud fermentation place, which is more than the traditional bottom mud fermentation to prepare green soil projects, without civil engineering Partial investment in plants and workshops has significantly reduced the engineering cost of comprehensive treatment of sediment and enhanced the market viability and competitiveness of the technology of preparing green soil from sediment.

3.调理剂中的砂一方面能够促进菌种存活,在干燥、常温条件下,保质期在1年以上,另一方面改良了底泥制备的绿化土物理结构,增加了渗透性,能进一步提升绿化土的品质。3. On the one hand, the sand in the conditioner can promote the survival of the bacteria. Under dry and normal temperature conditions, the shelf life is more than one year. On the other hand, it improves the physical structure of the green soil prepared from the bottom mud, increases the permeability, and can further improve Quality of landscaping.

4.本发明的调理剂可应用于土工管袋脱水工程,将调理剂与泥浆同步充填到土工管袋内部,能显著缩短底泥脱水工期,同时在土工管袋内完成底泥发酵,无需额外的发酵设备。4. The conditioner of the present invention can be applied to geotechnical tube bag dehydration projects, and the conditioner and mud are filled into the geotechnical tube bag synchronously, which can significantly shorten the dehydration period of the bottom sludge, and at the same time complete the fermentation of the bottom sludge in the geotechnical tube bag without additional fermentation equipment.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明的调理剂的结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conditioning agent of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下的具体实施例对本发明的调理剂进行进一步说明,而不意味发明的内容仅限于所举实例的范围。The following specific examples further illustrate the conditioning agent of the present invention, and do not mean that the content of the invention is limited to the scope of the examples.

实施例1Example 1

依托黑龙江省哈尔滨市某河道清淤工程,开展底泥土工管袋脱水和同步发酵试验工作,脱水前底泥含水率为95%,底泥中碳氮比(C/N)为2.5:1,试验用的土工管袋有效利用袋容为60m3,充填泥浆60m3,充填过程中累计加入调理剂240kg。底泥脱水和发酵总工期为45天。Relying on a river dredging project in Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, the geotube bag dehydration and simultaneous fermentation experiments of the bottom mud were carried out. The moisture content of the bottom mud before dehydration was 95%, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N) in the bottom mud was 2.5:1. The geotechnical tube bag used in the test has an effective utilization bag capacity of 60m 3 , and is filled with 60m 3 of mud, and 240kg of conditioning agent is added during the filling process. The total duration of sediment dehydration and fermentation is 45 days.

本实施例的用于底泥脱水和同步发酵的调理剂通过以下方法制备:The conditioning agent used for bottom sludge dehydration and simultaneous fermentation of the present embodiment is prepared by the following method:

①内核制作:首先将椰糠用清水洗5次,控制EC值不超过0.5mS/cm,然后烘干至含水率为15%,将烘干后的椰糠送入对辊撕碎颗粒机,在2.5Mpa压力下经过8min压制成直径2~4mm的球状,压缩后密度约0.45g/cm3① Kernel production: first wash the coconut peat with water for 5 times, control the EC value not to exceed 0.5mS/cm, then dry it to a moisture content of 15%, and send the dried coconut peat into the double-roller shredding granulator, After 8 minutes under the pressure of 2.5Mpa, it is pressed into a spherical shape with a diameter of 2-4mm, and the density after compression is about 0.45g/cm 3 ;

②外壳制作:将砂、淀粉、复合菌剂按照6份、2份、0.5份的配比混合均匀,然后将1份内核材料与6份外壳材料放入抛丸造粒机中进行裹壳造粒,颗粒直径4~6mm;②Shell production: mix sand, starch, and compound bacterial agent according to the ratio of 6 parts, 2 parts, and 0.5 parts, and then put 1 part of core material and 6 parts of shell material into the shot blasting granulator for shell making Granules, particle diameter 4 ~ 6mm;

③包膜制作:将乙酸乙烯-乙烯共聚物、聚乙烯醇按照质量份0.6:0.15的比例混合均匀,然后加入步骤②得到的颗粒,放入包膜机进行包膜,包膜厚度为20μm。③ Coating production: Mix vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer and polyvinyl alcohol evenly at a ratio of 0.6:0.15 by mass, then add the particles obtained in step ②, put them into a coating machine for coating, and the thickness of the coating is 20 μm.

上述方法制备的调理剂的结构如图1所示。The structure of the conditioner prepared by the above method is shown in Figure 1.

本发明的调理剂的作用机理如下:The mechanism of action of conditioning agent of the present invention is as follows:

本发明的调理剂主要用于土工管袋脱水工程中,主要在两阶段发挥作用。The conditioning agent of the present invention is mainly used in geotechnical tube bag dehydration engineering, and mainly functions in two stages.

第一阶段:底泥脱水阶段。絮凝剂和调理剂伴随疏浚泥浆进入土工管袋内部,在土工管袋充填结束后的2~3内,絮凝剂发挥作用,这期间底泥脱水依靠土工管袋自身滤水作用,底泥含水率可下降至85%左右,此时土工管袋袋体表面不再明显排水。在进入土工管袋3~5天后,调理剂表面的包膜逐渐融化,椰糠内核开始接触水分并吸水膨胀,调理剂快速崩解。吸水后的椰糠可膨胀至原体积的5~10倍,每公斤调理剂,理论可吸收约20L水,底泥含水率将下降至70%以内。The first stage: sediment dehydration stage. The flocculant and conditioner enter the geotube bag along with the dredging mud, and the flocculant will play a role within 2 to 3 hours after the geotube bag is filled. It can be reduced to about 85%. At this time, the surface of the geotube bag body is no longer obviously drained. After entering the geotechnical tube bag for 3 to 5 days, the coating on the surface of the conditioner gradually melts, the inner core of the coconut peat begins to contact with water and swells after absorbing water, and the conditioner disintegrates rapidly. After absorbing water, the coconut peat can expand to 5-10 times of its original volume. Each kilogram of conditioning agent can theoretically absorb about 20L of water, and the moisture content of the sediment will drop to less than 70%.

第二阶段:底泥发酵阶段。椰糠在吸水的同时也建立了土壤内部的支撑骨架,可以有效改善疏浚底泥的透气性,为复合菌剂的好氧发酵创造环境。由于调理剂密度接近疏浚泥浆,因此土工管袋内部的调理剂均匀分散在底泥中,可保证发酵的均匀性。经过30~45天,可将疏浚底泥发酵为绿化种植土,最后破袋筛分即可。The second stage: bottom mud fermentation stage. While absorbing water, coconut peat also builds a supporting framework inside the soil, which can effectively improve the air permeability of the dredged sediment and create an environment for the aerobic fermentation of the compound bacterial agent. Since the density of the conditioner is close to that of dredging mud, the conditioner inside the geotube bag is evenly dispersed in the bottom mud, which can ensure the uniformity of fermentation. After 30 to 45 days, the dredged bottom mud can be fermented into green planting soil, and finally the bags can be broken and screened.

土工管袋泥浆充填结束后,从土工管袋袖口处定期采集柱状土样,检测底泥含水率和调理剂状态,采样频率为1天、2天、3天、5天、15天、30天、45天,结果如表1所示。相比于传统土工管袋脱水工艺,底泥脱水效率显著提升(传统土工管袋脱水至含水率为60%需要3-6个月),在30天时底泥含水率已满足外运装车要求。After the geotechnical tube bag is filled with mud, regularly collect columnar soil samples from the cuff of the geotechnical tube bag to detect the moisture content of the bottom mud and the state of the conditioning agent. The sampling frequency is 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 5 days, 15 days, and 30 days , 45 days, the results are shown in Table 1. Compared with the traditional geotechnical tube bag dewatering process, the dewatering efficiency of the sediment is significantly improved (the dehydration of the traditional geotechnical tube bag to a moisture content of 60% takes 3-6 months), and the moisture content of the sediment has met the loading requirements for foreign shipments in 30 days .

表1检测结果Table 1 Test results

采样时间(天)Sampling time (days) 底泥含水率(%)Sediment moisture content (%) 调理剂状态conditioner status 11 90.290.2 未崩解not disintegrated 22 88.588.5 未崩解not disintegrated 33 85.185.1 未崩解not disintegrated 55 72.372.3 完全崩解completely disintegrated 1515 61.561.5 完全崩解completely disintegrated 3030 50.550.5 完全崩解completely disintegrated 4545 45.645.6 完全崩解completely disintegrated

在45天后破开土工管袋,对产物进行破碎,并采样进行绿化土指标检测,如表2所示。采用清淤底泥制备的绿化土各项指标均符合《绿化种植土壤》CJ/T340-2016中的要求。相比传统清淤底泥发酵工艺(土壤入渗滤为60-80mm/h),土壤入渗率显著提高,为152.44mm/h。After 45 days, the geotechnical pipe bag was broken open, the product was crushed, and samples were taken for greening soil index detection, as shown in Table 2. All indicators of greening soil prepared by dredging bottom mud meet the requirements of "Green Planting Soil" CJ/T340-2016. Compared with the traditional dredging and sediment fermentation process (soil infiltration is 60-80mm/h), the soil infiltration rate is significantly increased to 152.44mm/h.

表2检测结果Table 2 Test results

序号serial number 检测指标Detection Indicator 单位unit 处理后的绿化土Green soil after treatment 11 pHpH 无量纲dimensionless 7.827.82 22 含盐量Salt content g/kgg/kg 4.364.36 33 有机质organic matter mg/kgmg/kg 4545 44 土壤入渗率soil infiltration rate mm/hmm/h 152.44152.44 55 水解性氮Hydrolyzable nitrogen mg/kgmg/kg 145145 66 有效磷available phosphorus mg/kgmg/kg 9.59.5 77 速效钾Available Potassium mg/kgmg/kg 201.3201.3 88 有效镁available magnesium mg/kgmg/kg 163.1163.1 99 有效钙available calcium mg/kgmg/kg 301.32301.32 1010 有效铁available iron mg/kgmg/kg 121.12121.12 1111 有效铜Effective copper mg/kgmg/kg 1.241.24 1212 有效锌available zinc mg/kgmg/kg 2.492.49

实施例2Example 2

依托雄安新区白洋淀试点清淤工程,开展底泥土工管袋脱水和同步发酵试验工作,脱水前底泥含水率为90%,底泥平均C/N比为3.5:1,试验用的土工管袋有效利用袋容为90m3,充填泥浆90m3,充填过程中按累计加入调理剂450kg。底泥脱水和发酵总工期为42天。Relying on the Baiyangdian pilot dredging project in Xiong'an New District, the dehydration and simultaneous fermentation experiments of the bottom mud geotube bag were carried out. The moisture content of the bottom mud before dehydration was 90%, and the average C/N ratio of the bottom mud was 3.5:1. The effective bag capacity is 90m 3 , and 90m 3 of mud is filled, and 450kg of conditioner is added accumulatively during the filling process. The total duration of sediment dehydration and fermentation is 42 days.

本实施例的用于底泥脱水和同步发酵的调理剂通过以下方法制备:The conditioning agent used for bottom sludge dehydration and simultaneous fermentation of the present embodiment is prepared by the following method:

①内核制作:首先将椰糠用清水洗5次,控制EC值不超过0.5mS/cm,然后烘干至含水率为15%,将烘干后的椰糠送入对辊撕碎颗粒机,在2.6Mpa压力下经过10min压制成直径2~4mm的球状,压缩后密度约0.48g/cm3① Kernel production: first wash the coconut peat with water for 5 times, control the EC value not to exceed 0.5mS/cm, then dry it to a moisture content of 15%, and send the dried coconut peat into the double-roller shredding granulator, After 10 minutes under the pressure of 2.6Mpa, it is pressed into a spherical shape with a diameter of 2-4mm, and the density after compression is about 0.48g/cm 3 ;

②外壳制作:将砂、淀粉、复合菌剂按照7份、2.5份、0.9份的配比混合均匀,然后将1份内核材料与6份外壳材料放入抛丸造粒机中进行裹壳造粒,颗粒直径4~6mm;②Shell production: mix sand, starch, and compound bacterial agent according to the ratio of 7 parts, 2.5 parts, and 0.9 parts, and then put 1 part of core material and 6 parts of shell material into the shot blasting granulator for shell making Granules, particle diameter 4 ~ 6mm;

③包膜制作:将乙酸乙烯-乙烯共聚物、聚乙烯醇按照质量份0.6:0.15的比例混合均匀,然后加入步骤②得到的颗粒,放入包膜机进行包膜,包膜厚度为20μm。③ Coating production: Mix vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer and polyvinyl alcohol evenly at a ratio of 0.6:0.15 by mass, then add the granules obtained in step ②, put them into a coating machine for coating, and the thickness of the coating is 20 μm.

土工管袋泥浆充填结束后,从土工管袋袖口处定期采集柱状土样,检测底泥含水率和调理剂状态,采样频率为1天、2天、3天、5天、15天、30天、45天,结果如表3所示。After the geotechnical tube bag is filled with mud, regularly collect columnar soil samples from the cuff of the geotechnical tube bag to detect the moisture content of the bottom mud and the state of the conditioning agent. The sampling frequency is 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 5 days, 15 days, and 30 days , 45 days, the results are shown in Table 3.

表3检测结果Table 3 Test results

采样时间(天)Sampling time (days) 底泥含水率(%)Sediment moisture content (%) 调理剂状态conditioner status 11 89.289.2 未崩解not disintegrated 22 87.587.5 未崩解not disintegrated 33 84.684.6 未崩解not disintegrated 55 68.468.4 完全崩解completely disintegrated 1515 59.159.1 完全崩解completely disintegrated 3030 53.553.5 完全崩解completely disintegrated 4242 41.641.6 完全崩解completely disintegrated

相比于传统土工管袋脱水工艺,底泥脱水效率显著提升(传统土工管袋脱水至含水率为60%需要3-6个月),在30天底泥含水率以满足外运装车要求。Compared with the traditional geotechnical tube bag dewatering process, the dewatering efficiency of the sediment is significantly improved (it takes 3-6 months for the traditional geotechnical tube bag to dehydrate to a moisture content of 60%), and the moisture content of the sediment within 30 days can meet the loading requirements for foreign transportation .

在42天后破开土工管袋,对产物进行破碎,并采样进行绿化土指标检测,如表4所示。After 42 days, the geotechnical pipe bag was broken open, the product was crushed, and samples were taken for greening soil index detection, as shown in Table 4.

表4检测结果Table 4 Test results

序号serial number 检测指标Detection Indicator 单位unit 处理后的绿化土Green soil after treatment 11 pHpH 无量纲dimensionless 7.627.62 22 含盐量Salt content g/kgg/kg 3.363.36 33 有机质organic matter mg/kgmg/kg 5353 44 土壤入渗率soil infiltration rate mm/hmm/h 115.13115.13 55 水解性氮Hydrolyzable nitrogen mg/kgmg/kg 121121 66 有效磷available phosphorus mg/kgmg/kg 7.77.7 77 速效钾Available Potassium mg/kgmg/kg 185.1185.1 88 有效镁available magnesium mg/kgmg/kg 173.3173.3 99 有效钙available calcium mg/kgmg/kg 255.14255.14 1010 有效铁available iron mg/kgmg/kg 110.32110.32 1111 有效铜Effective copper mg/kgmg/kg 1.051.05 1212 有效锌available zinc mg/kgmg/kg 2.152.15

采用清淤底泥制备的绿化土各项指标均符合《绿化种植土壤》CJ/T340-2016中的要求。相比传统清淤底泥发酵工艺(土壤入渗滤为60-80mm/h),土壤入渗率显著提高,为115.13mm/h。All indicators of greening soil prepared by dredging bottom mud meet the requirements of "Green Planting Soil" CJ/T340-2016. Compared with the traditional dredging and sediment fermentation process (soil infiltration is 60-80mm/h), the soil infiltration rate is significantly increased to 115.13mm/h.

Claims (7)

1. A conditioner for dehydration and synchronous fermentation of soil engineering bags at the bottom of river and lake dredging is characterized in that: the conditioner is granular and sequentially comprises an inner core, an outer shell and a coating from inside to outside, wherein:
the mass portion of the inner core is 1.5-2 portions, the inner core is formed by pressing coco coir, and the density of the pressed coco coir is 0.45-0.50g/cm 3
The shell consists of 6-8 parts by mass of natural sand, 2-2.5 parts by mass of corn cob powder and 0.5-1 part by mass of composite microbial inoculum, wherein the fineness modulus of the natural sand is 2.5-3.0, and the mass part ratio of the inner core to the shell is 1 (5-6); the composite microbial inoculum consists of streptococcus thermophilus and actinomyces thermophilus, wherein the mass ratio of the streptococcus thermophilus to the actinomyces thermophilus is 1:1, a step of;
the coating consists of 0.6-0.8 part by weight of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer and 0.15-0.2 part by weight of polyvinyl alcohol.
2. The conditioner of claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the conditioning agent particles is 4-6 mm, and the density is 1.1-1.2 g/cm 3
3. The conditioner of claim 1, wherein: the coconut husk is prepared from coconut husk fiber powder, the decomposition degree of the coconut husk fiber powder is medium, the ash content ratio is 6-8%, and the volume weight is 0.1-0.15 g/cm 3 EC value is 1.30-2.60mS/cm; after cleaning for 3-5 times by adopting clear water, controlling the EC value of the coco coir to be less than or equal to 0.5mS/cm, and then drying until the water content is less than or equal to 15%.
4. The conditioner of claim 1, wherein: the corn cob powder is obtained by grinding corn cobs from which seeds are removed and sieving the corn cobs with a 120-mesh sieve, and the water content is 3-5 wt%.
5. The conditioner of claim 1, wherein: the water content of the composite microbial inoculum is less than or equal to 8wt%, and the effective viable count is more than or equal to 20 hundred million CFU/g.
6. The conditioner of claim 1, wherein: the density of the conditioning agent particles is 1.1-1.2 g/cm 3
7. A process for preparing the conditioning agent of any of claims 1 to 6 comprising the steps of:
s1, kernel manufacturing: delivering the coconut coir into a twin-roll shredding granulator, and pressing the coconut coir into balls under the pressure of 2.5-3Mpa for 5-10 min;
s2, manufacturing a shell: uniformly mixing sand, starch and a composite microbial inoculum according to the proportion of the raw materials to obtain a shell material; then the inner core and the outer shell materials are put into a shot blasting granulator according to the proportion for shell wrapping granulation, and the particle diameter is 4-6 mm;
s3, coating preparation: and (2) uniformly mixing the vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer and the polyvinyl alcohol according to a proportion, adding the particles obtained in the step (S2), and placing the particles into a coating machine for coating, wherein the coating thickness is 15-20 mu m.
CN202211561534.2A 2022-12-07 2022-12-07 Conditioning agent for geotechnical tube bag dehydration and simultaneous fermentation of river and lake dredging bottom mud and preparation method thereof Pending CN116002938A (en)

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