CN110272744A - A kind of compound desulfurized gypsum biomass carbon base alkali-affected soil conditioner and the preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
A kind of compound desulfurized gypsum biomass carbon base alkali-affected soil conditioner and the preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110272744A CN110272744A CN201910608293.4A CN201910608293A CN110272744A CN 110272744 A CN110272744 A CN 110272744A CN 201910608293 A CN201910608293 A CN 201910608293A CN 110272744 A CN110272744 A CN 110272744A
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- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 145
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- OBOXTJCIIVUZEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[O] Chemical compound [C].[O] OBOXTJCIIVUZEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 21
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002681 soil colloid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008121 plant development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037039 plant physiology Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010907 stover Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
- C09K17/06—Calcium compounds, e.g. lime
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of compound desulfurized gypsum biomass carbon base alkali-affected soil conditioners and the preparation method and application thereof, belong to saline alkali soil conditioner (modifying agent) preparation technical field.The preparation method of soil conditioner provided by the invention obtains desulfurized gypsum powder the following steps are included: sieving after drying desulfurized gypsum and picking sundries；It is crushed after dry crops stalk or forest sawdust, obtains biological material powder；The desulfurized gypsum powder, biological material powder and water are mixed, mixture is obtained；The mixture is compressed, mixture particle is obtained；The mixture particle anaerobic high temperature carbonization, cooling are obtained into soil conditioner.Desulfurized gypsum powder and biological material powder by charing, are increased desulfurized gypsum specific surface area and solubility property by the present invention, reduce biomass alkalinity, and the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of soil can be effectively improved by applying salt-soda soil, reduce alkalization of soils degree.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to saline alkali soil conditioner (modifying agent) preparation technical field more particularly to a kind of compound desulfurized gypsums
Biomass carbon base alkali-affected soil conditioner and the preparation method and application thereof.
Background technique
According to China Electricity Council's data, 2016 end of the year whole nation coal electricity desulfurized gesso of flue gas yield reach more than 7,200 ten thousand
Ton, it is contemplated that reach nearly hundred million tons to the year two thousand twenty desulfurized gypsum yield, and its comprehensive utilization ratio dissolves arduous task not as good as 70%.It is de-
Sulphur gypsum main component is CaSO4·2H2O, and it is consistent with the main physical and chemical performance of the natural gypsum.Therefore, desulfurized gypsum comprehensively utilizes
Approach is utilized as the alternate resources of the natural gypsum, and building gypsum material, cement retardative agent material, addition are mainly used for
Agent material, agromelioration agent and environmental improvement material etc..But as Thermal Power Generation Industry develops, Ningxia, the Inner Mongol, Xinjiang
There is the phenomenon that desulfurized gypsum nowhere dissolves and can only stack and abandon in equal the Northwests, if a large amount of desulfurized gypsum solid waste is not
Add using directly stacking, does not only take up large amount of land resources, also will cause secondary environmental pollution pressure.How reasonable benefit/risk is comprehensive
Using coal electricity desulfurized gesso of flue gas, it is the severe task that coal electricity industry Green Development and clean manufacturing face, needs more
The channel that Fang Tuozhan desulfurized gypsum utilizes promotes desulfurized gypsum resource value.
Land deterioration problem caused by the salinization of soil is that agricultural production and ecological environmental protection face in world wide
Important problem.Alkali-affected soil is as salt affected soil type, and in a highly dispersed state, miriness is swollen when earth's surface is wet for soil colloid particle
It is swollen, it is shunk when dry hardened in earth's surface formation skinning or crust.It is generally believed that soil colloid adsorbs more exchangeable sodium, largely
Interchangeability sodium ion is to lead to alkalization of soils main cause.The a large amount of interchangeability sodium ions of alkali-affected soil not only reduce osmotic potential
Cause plant physiology arid, mono-salt Ion toxicity and nutrient imbalance to influence plant growth and development, and reduces soil
Ventilative Water conductance, stiff soil quality makes plant emergence and growth difficult.It is open studies have shown that alkali-affected soil both at home and abroad
Improvement is exactly to utilize polyvalent cation ratio Na+The physical and chemical principle strong to the adsorption capacity of colloid grains in soil, passes through raising
Polyvalent cation concentration in the soil liquid, the Na for making polyvalent cation and being adsorbed on soil colloid+Ion exchange can occur, and
Sodium ion will be replaced, the soil body is excluded by the elution of water.Therefore, alkali-affected soil improvement can add calcium chloride, plaster stone into soil
The materials such as lime stone, nitric acid calcareous fertilisers, ferrous sulfate, aluminum sulfate, by improving Ca in the soil liquid2+、Mg2+Concentration makes Ca2+、Mg2+
With the Na being adsorbed on soil colloid+Ion exchange can occur and improve soil.
It can be used in numerous materials of alkali-affected soil improvement, the natural gypsum is because its exploitation application cost is cheap, soil improvement
Effect is obviously also widely applied in practice.However, no matter the natural gypsum or desulfurized gypsum are pulverulent solids
And solubility product very little, cause quickly dissolve and need the longer soil improvement time.Therefore, it is molten how to accelerate soil gypsum
It is the important technological problems that desulfurized gypsum improvement alkali-affected soil needs further to solve that solution, which shortens improvement time,.
In recent years, biomass carbon is widely used in agromelioration.However, more due to containing in biomass carbon
Base cation and aobvious alkalinity, there is the unconspicuous problems of improving effect effect to alkali-affected soil, how to play biomass carbon
Increase soil porosity, promote the advantages of water-stable aggregate formation, raising saturated soil moisture content and saturated hydraulic conductivity,
Alkalinity is overcome the disadvantage is that being applied to salt affected soil using biomass carbon improves key technical problem urgently to be resolved.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of compound desulfurized gypsum biomass carbon base alkali-affected soil conditioners
And the preparation method and application thereof.Soil conditioner made from preparation method of the present invention can improve the alkalinity of soil.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention the following technical schemes are provided:
The present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of compound desulfurized gypsum biomass carbon base alkali-affected soil conditioner, including with
Lower step:
Screening is sieved after drying desulfurized gypsum, obtains desulfurized gypsum powder；
It is crushed after dry crops stalk or forest sawdust, obtains biological material powder；
The desulfurized gypsum powder, biological material powder and water are mixed, mixture is obtained；
The mixture is compressed and is granulated, mixture particle is obtained；
The mixture particle is carbonized, is then cooled down, soil conditioner is obtained.
Preferably, desulfurized gypsum water content is 5~10wt.% after dry, the partial size of the desulfurized gypsum powder is 0.2~
0.5mm。
Preferably, the partial size of the biological material powder is 5~10mm.
Preferably, the mass ratio of desulfurized gypsum powder and biological material powder is 8~5:2~5 in the mixing.
Preferably, the moisture content of the mixture is 10~15wt.%, and long stick is made by granulator in the mixture particle
Shape particle, the diameter of the long rod-shaped particles are 5~10mm, a length of 30~50mm.
Preferably, the condition of the charing is isolation air anaerobic carbonization, and the temperature of the charing is 550~600 DEG C, institute
The time for stating charing is 4~5h.
The present invention also provides soil conditioner made from technical solution described above, the soil conditioner includes gypsum
And biomass carbon.
The present invention also provides soil conditioners made from technical solution described above in alkali-affected soil improvement or knotts clay
Application in the improvement of earth physical structure.
Preferably, the mode of the alkali-affected soil improvement includes: by the soil conditioner using mechanically or manually mode
It sows in earth's surface or soil, then carries out soil rotary tillage, mix well with the soil the soil conditioner；
The mode of the hardened soil physical structure improvement includes: to apply soil conditioner by fertilizer applicator or manual type
For then carrying out soil cultivation and site preparation in earth's surface or soil.
Preferably, in the soil improvement, the amount of application of the soil conditioner is determined according to the property of soil to be improved:
When upper soll layer is the low-grade alkalization soil of ESP < 25%, pH < 8.5, soil physical property clay < 50%, soil conditioner is applied
Dosage is 0.3~0.5 ton/mu；When upper soll layer is 25%≤ESP < 50%, 9.0≤pH≤10.0,50%≤soil physical property
When the moderate alkalized soil of clay < 65%, soil conditioner amount of application is 0.5~0.8 ton/mu；When upper soll layer be ESP >=
50%, pH >=10.0, soil physical property clay >=65% severe alkali-affected soil when, soil conditioner amount of application be 0.8~1.0
Ton/mu；In the hardened soil physical structure improvement, the amount of application of soil conditioner is 0.5~1.0 ton/mu.
The present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of compound desulfurized gypsum biomass carbon base alkali-affected soil conditioner, including with
Lower step: screening is sieved after drying desulfurized gypsum, obtains desulfurized gypsum powder；Powder after dry crops stalk or forest sawdust
It is broken, obtain biological material powder；The desulfurized gypsum powder, biological material powder and water are mixed, mixture is obtained；It will
The mixture compression, obtains mixture particle；The mixture particle is carbonized, is then cooled down, soil conditioner is obtained.This
Invention by desulfurized gypsum powder and biological material powder by charing, enable desulfurized gypsum powder little particle uniformly according to
It is attached in the hole of biomass carbon, and the biomass carbon after charing has huge specific surface area, can not only reduce soil
Bulk density improves water-permeable and air permeable ability, and improves the specific surface area of desulfurized gypsum, can increase desulfurization gypsum powder in the unit time
The meltage at end, the Ca of higher concentration2+Meltage improves Ca2+Be adsorbed on Na on soil colloid+Ion-exchange reactions occurs
Speed, can effectively improve the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of soil, reduce alkalization of soils degree.
The saturated solution pH value of desulfurized gypsum powder is 7.0 in mixture, belongs to neutrality, can be in buffer to a certain degree
PH value caused by the alkalinity such as resolvability sodium, potassium alkali ion-solubility increases in material.
The cost of raw material used in the present invention is cheap, not only useless for a large amount of coal desulfurization gypsum in China and stalk, forest etc.
It abandons resource and provides new utilization ways, and above-mentioned waste is used for soil remediation and is administered, realize the resource that turns waste into wealth
It recycles, is of great significance for recycling economy development and improving the ecological environment.
Embodiment the result shows that, after soil conditioner made from preparation method of the invention is applied to basic soil,
The pH value of soil is reduced to 8.5, basicity 12.3%, total salt content 0.11%, capacity 1.48g/cm3。
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of compound desulfurized gypsum biomass carbon base alkali-affected soil conditioner, including with
Lower step: sieving after drying desulfurized gypsum, obtains desulfurized gypsum powder；It crushes, obtains after dry crops stalk or forest sawdust
To biological material powder；The desulfurized gypsum powder, biological material powder and water are mixed, mixture is obtained；It will be described
Mixture compression, obtains mixture particle；The mixture particle is carbonized, is then cooled down, soil conditioner is obtained.
It is sieved after drying desulfurized gypsum of the present invention, obtains desulfurized gypsum powder.
In the present invention, the mode of the drying is preferably natural air drying or lower than 100 DEG C drying, desulfurized gypsum after drying
Water content is preferably 5~10wt.%.
Desulfurized gypsum can mostly agglomerate, and the present invention preferably can be effectively reduced the partial size of desulfurized gypsum by way of screening,
It is uniformly mixed convenient for subsequent with biological material powder.In the present invention, the screening preferably claps the desulfurized gypsum of agglomeration
It is broken, impurity is then removed, is sieved.In the present invention, the partial size of the desulfurized gypsum powder powder is preferably 0.2~0.5mm.
In the present invention, the desulfurized gypsum is waste, but contains a large amount of Ca in its main component2+, pass through raising
Ca in the soil liquid2+Concentration makes Ca2+With the Na being adsorbed on soil colloid+Ion exchange occurs, to reach soil improvement
Purpose.
It is crushed after dry crops stalk or forest sawdust of the present invention, obtains biological material powder.
In the present invention, the agricultural crop straw is preferably corn, wheat or the rice straw of non-moldy metamorphism；The woods
Sawdust is preferably fructus lycii, the useless branch wood chips of grape trimming.
In the present invention, the mode of the drying is preferably natural air drying.
The present invention preferably crushes the biological material after drying, is then sieved, and obtains biological material powder.
In the present invention, the partial size of the biological material powder is preferably 5~10mm.
In the present invention, the biological material is bio-organic materials, through high temperature hot tearing in anoxic or anoxybiotic environment
The solid, porous particles substance generated after solution, there is huge specific surface area, can not only improve after being manured into soil normal
The physicochemical property of soil, and the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of soil can be effectively improved, to achieve the purpose that soil improvement.
The present invention mixes the desulfurized gypsum powder, biological material powder and water, obtains mixture.
In the present invention, the mass ratio of desulfurized gypsum powder and biological material powder is preferably 8~5:2 in the mixing
~5, further preferably 7:3 or 6:4.
The present invention does not have special restriction to the mixed mode, using those skilled in the art's conventional technology
, specific as stirred, the present invention is to the time of the stirring and revolving speed also not special restriction, using art technology
Parameter known to personnel.
In the present invention, the moisture content of the mixture is preferably 10~15%.In the present invention, it is taken off in the mixture
Sulphur gypsum powder is saturated solution, and pH value 7.0 belongs to neutrality, can dissolve in buffer material to a certain degree
Property the alkaline alkali ion-solubility such as sodium, potassium caused by pH value increase.
After obtaining mixture, the present invention compresses the mixture, obtains mixture particle.
In the present invention, the compression carries out preferably in granulator, and the granulator is preferably flat-die or ring moulds particle
Machine.In the present invention, the compression carries out being granulated the more convenient application of the mixture particle enabled to.
In the present invention, the mixture particle is preferably long rod-shaped particles, and the diameter of the long rod-shaped particles is preferably 5
~10mm, long is preferably 30~50mm.
The mixture particle natural air drying or low temperature drying that the present invention will preferably obtain, the temperature of the low temperature drying are preferred
For not higher than 105 DEG C.
After obtaining dry mixture particle, the present invention carbonizes the mixture particle, then cools down, and obtains soil tune
Manage agent.
In the present invention, the charing is preferably carried out in the case where completely cutting off air oxygen free condition, and the carbonization device is preferably charcoal
Change furnace or carbonizing kiln.
In the present invention, the temperature of the charing is preferably 550~600 DEG C, and the heating rate for being warming up to carbonization temperature is excellent
It is selected as 10 DEG C/min, the time of the charing is preferably 4~5h.In the present invention, the charing is so that desulfurized gypsum powder is small
Particle can be uniformly attached in the hole of biomass carbon, and the biomass carbon after charing has huge specific surface area,
The soil weight can not only be reduced and improve water-permeable and air permeable ability, but also improve the specific surface area of desulfurized gypsum, unit can be increased
The meltage of desulfurized gypsum powder in time, the Ca of higher concentration2+Meltage improves Ca2+Be adsorbed on Na on soil colloid+
The speed that ion-exchange reactions occurs can effectively improve the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of soil, reduce alkalization of soils degree.
In the present invention, the cooling is cooling preferably in the case where completely cutting off air anaerobic natural conditions.
The present invention also provides soil conditioner made from technical solution described above, the soil conditioner includes desulfurization
Gypsum and biological material.
The present invention also provides soil conditioners made from technical solution described above in alkali-affected soil improvement or knotts clay
Application in the improvement of earth physical structure.The source of alkali-affected soil and hardened soil that the present invention treats improvement does not have particular/special requirement,
The alkali-affected soil and hardened soil for arbitrarily needing to improve.
In the present invention, the mode of alkali-affected soil improvement preferably includes: by the soil conditioner using mechanical or
Manual type is sowed in earth's surface or soil, and soil rotary tillage is then carried out, and mixes well withs the soil the soil conditioner.
In the present invention, the mode of the hardened soil physical structure improvement preferably includes: by soil conditioner by applying
Fertile machine or manual type are applied in earth's surface or soil, then carry out soil cultivation and site preparation.
In the present invention, when the soil conditioner is applied in soil, the depth of the soil is preferably 0~
20cm, more preferably 0-15cm.
In alkali-affected soil of the present invention improvement, the amount of application of the soil conditioner is preferably according to alkali soil to be improved
The property of earth determines, specific when the low-grade alkalization that upper soll layer is ESP < 25%, pH < 8.5, soil physical property clay < 50%
When soil, soil conditioner amount of application is preferably 0.3~0.5 ton/mu；When upper soll layer be 25≤ESP < 50,9.0≤pH≤
10.0, when the moderate alkalized soil of 50%≤soil physical property clay < 65%, soil conditioner amount of application is preferably 0.5~0.8
Ton/mu；When upper soll layer is the severe alkali-affected soil of ESP >=50%, pH >=10.0, soil physical property clay >=65%, soil
Earth conditioner amount of application is preferably 0.8~1.0 ton/mu.
In hardened soil physical structure improvement of the present invention, the amount of application of soil conditioner is preferably 0.5~1.0
Ton/mu.
The present invention does not have particular/special requirement to the specific embodiment of the soil cultivation and site preparation, using those skilled in the art
Mode known to member.
In the present invention, the ESP refers to the basicity of soil, refers to the exchangeability Na of absorption on soil colloid+Zhan Yang from
The percentage of sub- exchange capacity, basicity=(exchangeable sodium/cation exchange capacity (CEC)) × 100%.
Soil conditioner provided by the invention and the preparation method and application thereof is carried out specifically below with reference to embodiment
It is bright, but they cannot be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of soil conditioner, comprising the following steps:
Certain coal fired power plant flue gas desulfurization gypsum natural air drying is taken, the 14kg desulfurized gypsum that moisture content is 8% is obtained, then sieves
Point, it crosses 0.5mm and sieves to obtain desulfurized gypsum powder；
It by rice straw natural air drying, then crushes, crosses 5mm sieve, obtain 6kg rice straw powder；
The 14kg desulfurized gypsum powder, 6kg rice straw powder and 2.3kg tap water are mixed, obtaining moisture content is
10% mixture；
The mixture Flat die granulating machine is granulated, obtaining diameter is 5mm, the long stick mixture particle of a length of 30mm；
The long stick mixture particle is dried at 105 DEG C, in the retort for vacuumizing (vacuum degree is -0.8bar)
It is interior, 550 DEG C are warming up to the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min, keeps 550 DEG C of heat preservation 4h of in-furnace temperature, completely cuts off air natural cooling,
Obtain soil conditioner.
It is pH value is 10.6 for examination soil, basicity 43.2%, total salt content 0.32%；By the above-mentioned soil of 0.5kg
Conditioner is added in the amount of banketing 25kg porcelain flowerpot, and stirring is poured water after mixing well withing the soil a variety of materials respectively, interval of pouring water
Phase 2 weeks, each irrigation quantity 2000mL, 4 water are filled altogether, and off-test after 6 months handles soil using soil conditioner through detecting
After earth, the soil weight, pH value, basicity and total salt content are reduced to 1.48g/cm3, 8.5,12.3% and 0.11%.
Comparative example 1
Certain coal fired power plant flue gas desulfurization gypsum natural air drying is taken, the desulfurized gypsum that moisture content is 8% is obtained, then sieves,
It crosses 0.5mm to sieve to obtain 14kg desulfurized gypsum powder, the desulfurized gypsum powder is spare as soil conditioner.
It is pH value is 10.6 for examination soil, basicity 43.2%, total salt content 0.32%；By the above-mentioned soil of 0.5kg
Conditioner is added in the amount of banketing 25kg porcelain flowerpot, and stirring is poured water after mixing well withing the soil a variety of materials respectively, interval of pouring water
Phase 2 weeks, each irrigation quantity 2000mL, 4 water are filled altogether, and off-test after 6 months handles soil using soil conditioner through detecting
After earth, the soil weight, pH value, basicity and total salt content 1.52g/cm3, 8.9,24.2% and 0.28%.
Comparative example 2
It by rice straw natural air drying, then crushes, crosses 5mm sieve, obtain rice straw powder；
The rice straw powder and tap water are mixed, mixture is obtained；
The mixture is compressed, obtaining diameter is 5mm, the long stick mixture particle of a length of 30mm；
The long stick mixture particle is dried at 105 DEG C, in the retort for vacuumizing (vacuum degree is -0.8bar)
It is interior, 550 DEG C are warming up to the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min, keeps 550 DEG C of heat preservation 4h of in-furnace temperature, completely cuts off air natural cooling,
Obtain soil conditioner.
It is pH value is 10.6 for examination soil, basicity 43.2%, total salt content 0.32%；By the above-mentioned soil of 0.5kg
Conditioner is added in the amount of banketing 25kg porcelain flowerpot, and stirring is poured water after mixing well withing the soil a variety of materials respectively, interval of pouring water
Phase 2 weeks, each irrigation quantity 2000mL, 4 water are filled altogether, and off-test after 6 months handles soil using soil conditioner through detecting
After earth, the soil weight, pH value, basicity and total salt content 1.50g/cm3, 10.4,42.3% and 0.23%.
1 reference examples of table (ck), embodiment 1 and comparative example 1~2 are applied to the data detected after experiment in improvement soil
| Processing | PH value | Basicity (%) | Total salt content (%) | Bulk density (g/cm3) |
| Reference examples (ck) | 10.3 | 39.6 | 0.30 | 1.56 |
| Embodiment 1 | 8.5 | 12.3 | 0.11 | 1.48 |
| Comparative example 1 | 8.9 | 24.2 | 0.28 | 1.52 |
| Comparative example 2 | 10.4 | 42.3 | 0.23 | 1.50 |
Available from table 1, soil conditioner processing soil pH value, basicity and the total salt content of embodiment 1 are
8.5,12.3% and 0.11%, reduce by 17.5%, 68.9%, 63.3% respectively compared with reference examples processing, and compared with desulfurized gypsum and
The independent treatment effect of biological material is more preferable.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of soil conditioner, comprising the following steps:
90 DEG C of certain coal fired power plant flue gas desulfurization gypsum drying are taken, the desulfurized gypsum that moisture content is 5% is obtained, is then crushed,
0.5mm is crossed to sieve to obtain 12kg desulfurized gypsum powder；
It by wheat stalk natural air drying, then crushes, crosses 10mm sieve, obtain 8kg wheat stalk powder；
The 12kg desulfurized gypsum powder, 8kg wheat stalk powder and 2.8kg tap water are mixed, obtaining moisture content is
12% mixture；
The mixture is compressed and is granulated, obtaining diameter is 12mm, the long stick mixture particle of a length of 40mm；
By the long stick mixture particle natural air drying, in the retort for vacuumizing (vacuum degree is -0.8bar), with
The heating rate of 10 DEG C/min is warming up to 580 DEG C, keeps 580 DEG C of heat preservation 4.5h of in-furnace temperature, completely cuts off air natural cooling, obtains
Soil conditioner.
1.0kg soil conditioner is mixed into (soil weight 1.52g/cm with 8.0 kilograms of moderate salt affected soil3, pH value be
9.4, basicity 22.5%, total salt content 0.18%), it fills tap water 3 times, each 2000mL, off-test after 12 months,
Through detecting, after handling soil using soil conditioner, the soil weight, pH value, basicity and total salt content are reduced to 1.46g/
cm3, 8.4,10.2% and 0.08%.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of soil conditioner, comprising the following steps:
Certain coal fired power plant flue gas desulfurization gypsum natural air drying is taken, the desulfurized gypsum that moisture content is 10% is obtained, is then crushed,
0.5mm is crossed to sieve to obtain 7kg desulfurized gypsum powder；
It by corn stover natural air drying, then crushes, crosses 10mm sieve, obtain 3kg maize straw powder；
The 7kg desulfurized gypsum powder, 3kg maize straw powder and 1.8kg tap water are mixed, obtaining moisture content is
15% mixture；
The mixture is compressed and is granulated, obtaining diameter is 0.2mm, the long stick mixture particle of a length of 50mm；
The long stick mixture particle is dried at 105 DEG C, in the retort for vacuumizing (vacuum degree is -0.8bar)
It is interior, 600 DEG C are warming up to the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min, keeps 600 DEG C of heat preservation 4h of in-furnace temperature, completely cuts off air natural cooling,
Obtain soil conditioner.
0.5kg soil conditioner is mixed into (soil weight 1.52g/cm with 10 kilograms of moderate salt affected soil3, pH value be
9.4, basicity 22.5%, total salt content 0.18%), it fills tap water 3 times, each 2000mL, off-test after 12 months,
Through detecting, after handling soil using soil conditioner, the soil weight, pH value, basicity and total salt content are reduced to 1.47g/
cm3, 8.36,13.8% and 0.10%.
Embodiment 4
The preparation method of soil conditioner, comprising the following steps:
Certain coal fired power plant flue gas desulfurization gypsum natural air drying is taken, the 5kg desulfurized gypsum that moisture content is 8% is obtained, then breaks
It is broken, it crosses 0.2, mm and sieves to obtain desulfurized gypsum powder；
Fructus lycii is trimmed into useless branch drying, then crushes, crosses 5mm sieve, 5kg fructus lycii is obtained and trims useless branch powder；
The desulfurized gypsum powder, fructus lycii are trimmed into useless branch powder and 1.1kg tap water mixes, obtaining moisture content is 10%
Mixture；
The mixture flat-die is granulated, obtaining diameter is 5mm, the long stick mixture particle of a length of 35mm；
The long stick mixture particle is dried at 105 DEG C, in the retort for vacuumizing (vacuum degree is -0.8bar)
It is interior, 600 DEG C are warming up to the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min, keeps 600 DEG C of heat preservation 4h of in-furnace temperature, completely cuts off air natural cooling,
Obtain soil conditioner.
Soil weight 1.57g/cm is added in the above-mentioned soil conditioner of 0.08kg3, pH value 8.9, basicity 15.8%,
In the slight salt affected soil that total salt content is 0.18%, any modifying agent is not added as reference examples.
The amount of banketing of the present embodiment and the every basin of reference examples is 30kg, and the soil conditioner and 0.20cm soil layer of the present embodiment are mixed
It is even.The present embodiment and control fill tap water 3 times, each 2000mL during test, and off-test after 12 months carries out property survey
Fixed, the soil conditioner processing soil weight, pH value, basicity and total salt content of the present embodiment are reduced to 1.48g/cm3、8.3、
5.4% and 0.09%, and compareing the soil weight, pH value, basicity and total salt content is respectively 1.56g/cm3、8.7、
12.3% and 0.16%.Illustrate that the soil conditioner of the present embodiment can be substantially reduced soil pH value, basicity, increases soil hole
Gap improves soil aeration water holding capacity.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of compound desulfurized gypsum biomass carbon base alkali-affected soil conditioner, which is characterized in that including following
Step:
Screening obtains desulfurized gypsum powder after drying desulfurized gypsum；
It is crushed after dry crops stalk or forest sawdust, screening obtains biological material powder；
Add water to mix in the desulfurized gypsum powder, biological material powder, obtains mixture；
Mixture compression is granulated and obtains mixture particle；
By mixture particle charing, cooling, soil conditioner is obtained.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that after dry desulfurized gypsum water content be 5~
10wt.%, the partial size of the desulfurized gypsum powder are 0.2~0.5mm.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the partial size of the biological material powder be 5~
10mm。
4. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that desulfurized gypsum powder and biological material in the mixing
The mass ratio at feed powder end is 8~5:2~5.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the moisture content of the mixture is 10~15wt.%,
Long rod-shaped particles are made by granulator in the mixture particle, and the diameter of the long rod-shaped particles is 5~10mm, a length of 30~
50mm。
6. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the condition of the charing is isolation air non-oxygen carbon
Change, the temperature of the charing is 550~600 DEG C, and the time of the charing is 4~5h.
7. soil conditioner made from any one of claim 1~6 preparation method, which is characterized in that the soil conditioning
Agent includes gypsum and biomass carbon.
8. application of the soil conditioner as claimed in claim 7 in alkali-affected soil is improved or hardened soil physical structure improves.
9. application according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the mode of the alkali-affected soil improvement includes: by the soil
Earth conditioner is sowed in earth's surface or soil using mechanically or manually mode, is then carried out soil rotary tillage, is made the soil conditioning
Agent mixes well withs the soil；
The mode of the hardened soil physical structure improvement includes: to be applied to soil conditioner by fertilizer applicator or manual type
In earth's surface or soil, soil cultivation and site preparation are then carried out.
10. application according to claim 8 or claim 9, which is characterized in that in the soil improvement, the soil conditioner
Amount of application according to the property of soil to be improved determine: when upper soll layer be ESP < 25%, pH < 8.5, soil physical property clay <
When 50% low-grade alkalization soil, soil conditioner amount of application is 0.3~0.5 ton/mu；When upper soll layer be 25%≤ESP <
50%, 9.0≤pH≤10.0,50%≤soil physical property clay < 65% moderate alkalized soil when, soil conditioner amount of application
For 0.5~0.8 ton/mu；When the severe alkalization that upper soll layer is ESP >=50%, pH >=10.0, soil physical property clay >=65%
When soil, soil conditioner amount of application is 0.8~1.0 ton/mu；
In the hardened soil physical structure improvement, the amount of application of soil conditioner is 0.5~1.0 ton/mu.
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