CN115989441A - 光侧方输入输出电路和光连接器 - Google Patents
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- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
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Abstract
本发明的目的在于提供具有波长选择性且容易在传输通道内多点配置的光侧方输入输出电路和光连接器。本发明的光侧方输入输出电路(301)包括:光栅部(20),反射在光纤(50)的芯(51)中传播的光中的期望波长的光的光纤布拉格光栅(21)形成于芯(51);以及抽头部(10),相对于所述光的传播方向配置在光栅部(20)的前级,形成有从光纤(50)的侧面输出由光栅部(20)反射的反射光的抽头波导(53)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及从光纤的侧面输入输出光的光侧方输入输出电路和包括该光侧方输入输出电路的光连接器。
背景技术
作为光分支技术,已知使用阵列波导光栅的波长复用耦合器等。此外,为了实现光传感、传输通道的监视,提出了在光纤内通过激光加工形成光波导并从芯输出光的一部分功率的抽头波导的光侧方输出技术(例如参照非专利文献1)。
现有技术文献
非专利文献1:Peng Ji et al,optics express,vol.26,no.12,p14972-14981,(2018).
非专利文献2:T.Erdogan,Journal of Lightw.Technol.,vol.15,no.8,(1997).
公知的波长复用耦合器由于尺寸大以及连接点上的反射、损耗增大,所以存在难以在传输通道内多点配置的课题。此外,现有的抽头波导容易在传输通道内多点配置,但是存在难以提高波长选择性的课题。
发明内容
因此,为了解决所述课题,本发明的目的在于提供具有波长选择性且容易在传输通道内多点配置的光侧方输入输出电路和光连接器。
为了达成上述目的,本发明的光侧方输入输出电路包括具有波长选择性的抽头波导。
具体地说,本发明的光侧方输入输出电路包括:
光栅部,反射在光纤的芯中传播的光中的期望波长的光的光纤布拉格光栅形成于所述芯;以及
抽头部,相对于所述光的传播方向配置在所述光栅部的前级,形成有从所述光纤的侧面输出由所述光栅部反射的反射光的抽头波导。
此外,本发明的光连接器包括所述光侧方输入输出电路。
本光侧方输入输出电路为了使抽头波导具有波长选择性而形成有光纤布拉格光栅。本光侧方输入输出电路是抽头波导,因此容易在传输通道内多点配置。并且,本光侧方输入输出电路能够利用光纤布拉格光栅输入输出期望波长的光。因此,本发明能够提供具有波长选择性且容易在传输通道内多点配置的光侧方输入输出电路和光连接器。
本发明的光侧方输入输出电路的特征在于,在所述光纤上将所述抽头部和所述光栅部的组连续地配置多个。能够向光纤供给期望波长的光。
本发明的光侧方输入输出电路的特征在于,还包括受光器,所述受光器配置在所述光纤的侧面,接收所述抽头部输出的所述反射光。能够从光纤接收期望波长的光。
另外,上述各发明能够尽可能地组合。
本发明能够提供具有波长选择性且容易在传输通道内多点配置的光侧方输入输出电路和光连接器。
附图说明
图1是说明本发明的光侧方输入输出电路的图。
图2是说明本发明的光侧方输入输出电路的特性的图。
图3是说明本发明的光侧方输入输出电路的特性的图。
图4是说明本发明的光侧方输入输出电路的特性的图。
图5是说明本发明的光侧方输入输出电路的特性的图。
图6是说明本发明的光侧方输入输出电路的特性的图。
图7是说明本发明的光侧方输入输出电路的特性的图。
图8是说明本发明的光侧方输入输出电路的特性的图。
图9是说明本发明的光侧方输入输出电路的图。
图10是说明本发明的光侧方输入输出电路的图。
图11是说明本发明的光连接器的图。
图12是说明本发明的光连接器的图。
具体实施方式
参照附图对本发明的实施方式进行说明。以下说明的实施方式是本发明的实施例,本发明不限于以下的实施方式。另外,在本说明书和附图中,附图标记相同的构成要素表示相互相同的构成要素。
(实施方式1)
图1是说明本实施方式的光侧方输入输出电路301的图。光侧方输入输出电路301包括:
光栅部20,反射在光纤50的芯51中传播的光中的期望波长的光的光纤布拉格光栅21形成于芯51;以及
抽头部10,相对于所述光的传播方向配置在光栅部20的前级,形成有从光纤50的侧面输出由光栅部20反射的反射光的抽头波导53。
光纤50是由芯51的直径dc、光纤50的直径df、芯51的折射率ncore、包层52的折射率nclad定义的阶跃型光纤。光纤50在长边方向上依次形成有抽头部10和光栅部20。将从抽头波导53入射的光行进的方向设为光波导方向。在图1中,光波导方向是从左向右的方向。此外,将抽头波导53从芯51朝向光纤50的侧面的方向设为抽头方向。在图1中,抽头方向是相对于光波导方向逆向倾斜的方向。
光栅部20仅反射向光波导方向行进且通过了抽头部10的光中的任意波长的光,并且使其反射光返回到抽头部10。抽头部10中的从芯51向抽头波导53的光的耦合效率在很大程度上依赖于光的传播方向。具体地说,在芯51中向光波导方向行进的光几乎不与抽头波导53耦合。另一方面,通过使用模式耦合理论设定适当的α,能够使在芯51中向光波导方向的逆向行进的光与抽头波导53耦合(例如参照非专利文献1)。α是抽头波导53与芯51所成的角度(锐角侧)。
光侧方输入输出电路301使光波导方向的光在抽头部10不与抽头波导53耦合而透射,在光栅部20仅反射期望的波长,使其反射光(光波导方向的逆向的光)返回到抽头部10并与抽头波导53耦合。
抽头波导53和光栅21例如能够使用飞秒激光加工对光纤50局部地调制折射率来形成。在此,将芯、包层各自的折射率的调制量(与调制前的折射率的差分)设为δncore、δnclad。即,在芯51的情况下(光栅21和芯51与抽头波导53的重叠部),调制后的折射率为ncore+δncore。此外,在包层52的情况下(除了所述重叠部以外的抽头波导53),调制后的折射率为nclad+δnclad。
图2是说明在芯51中传播的光传播方向的逆向的光与抽头波导53耦合的耦合效率的α依赖性的图。对于dc=8.2μm、ncore=1.449081、nclad=1.444的阶跃型折射率分布的光纤结构,形成了δncore=δnclad=0.006、dt=6μm的抽头波导53。实线是向芯51的耦合效率(来自光栅部20的光原样在芯51中传播的光的比例),点线是向抽头波导53的耦合效率(来自光栅部20的光向抽头波导53耦合的光的比例)。通过使α变化,向抽头波导53的耦合效率发生变化,能够确认在α=2.5°时耦合效率最大。
图3是说明α=2.5°时的抽头部10的电场分布的一例的图。δncore=δnclad=0.006、dt=6μm。设想反射光,光在图中从右向左传播。光的波长为1550nm。在抽头部10中,能够确认在芯51中传播的光与抽头波导53耦合的情况。此外,该光与向传播方向的逆向延伸的抽头波导53a未耦合。根据本图能够确认向抽头波导53的耦合对抽头波导的方向的依赖性(α依赖性)大。
图4是说明在芯51中传播的光传播方向的逆向的光与抽头波导53耦合的耦合效率的dt依赖性的图。对于dc=8.2μm、ncore=1.449081、nclad=1.444的阶跃型折射率分布的光纤结构,形成了δncore=δnclad=0.006的抽头波导53。α=3°。实线是向芯51的耦合效率(来自光栅部20的光原样在芯51中传播的光的比例),点线是向抽头波导53的耦合效率(来自光栅部20的光向抽头波导53耦合的光的比例)。能够确认抽头波导53的直径dt越大,向抽头波导53的耦合效率越大。
图5是说明在芯51中传播的光传播方向的逆向的光与抽头波导53耦合的耦合效率的δn依赖性的图。对于dc=8.2μm、ncore=1.449081、nclad=1.444的阶跃型折射率分布的光纤结构,形成了dt=6μm的抽头波导53。α=3°。实线是向芯51的耦合效率(来自光栅部20的光原样在芯51中传播的光的比例),点线是向抽头波导53的耦合效率(来自光栅部20的光向抽头波导53耦合的光的比例)。通过使折射率调制量δn变化,向抽头波导53的耦合效率发生变化,能够确认δncore=δnclad=0.006时耦合效率最大。
从图4和图5可知,向抽头波导的耦合效率依赖于dt和δn,通过适当地设定dt和δn,能够从芯51向抽头波导53耦合50%左右。
光栅部20仅反射在芯51中向光传播方向行进的光中的想要由光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)21取出的波长,并且作为反射光返回到抽头部10。光栅间距Λ根据真空中的波长λ以及该波长λ的在光栅部20中的有效折射率的平均值neff,由下式求出(例如参照非专利文献2)。
[数学式1]
图6是说明光栅部20的光栅间距的波长依赖性的图。另外,本图是对于dc=8.2μm、ncore=1.449081、nclad=1.444的阶跃型折射率分布的光纤结构设置了折射率调制量δn=0.003的光栅的结构的计算。例如,通过设定Λ=534nm的光栅间距,光栅部20能够选择性地反射波长1550nm的光。
图7是说明光栅部20的反射率的波长依赖性的图。另外,本图是有效折射率neff=1.45、折射率调制量0.003、光栅长Lg=1cm、光栅间距Λ=534nm时的计算结果。此外,反射率表示为向光栅部20的入射端的后向传播光的标准化输出功率。
另外,通过使δn和光栅长Lg变化,能够调整通带宽度(反射光的波长范围)。图8是说明将光栅长Lg设为1.5cm时的光栅部20的反射率的波长依赖性的图。可知与图7的光栅长Lg=1cm的波形相比,反射光的波长范围变窄。
另外,FBG能够由CO2激光或飞秒激光形成。
(实施方式2)
图9是说明本实施方式的光侧方输入输出电路302的图。光侧方输入输出电路302与图1的光侧方输入输出电路301的不同点在于,在光纤50上将抽头部10和光栅部20的组连续地配置多个。
光侧方输入输出电路302通过将抽头部10和光栅部20的组在光传播方向上配置在多个部位,能够进行传输通道内的任意部位上的抽头(从光纤50取出期望波长的光)。此外,如图10所示,光侧方输入输出电路302通过在侧面的输出部粘接光供电元件30,能够构成多级的光供电系统。
图11和图12是说明本实施方式的光连接器350的图。光连接器350包括光侧方输入输出电路303。光侧方输入输出电路303在图1中说明的光侧方输入输出电路301中还包括受光器40,该受光器40配置在光纤50的侧面,接收抽头部10输出的所述反射光。附图标记45是光纤50的包覆。
光连接器350包括内包光侧方输入输出电路303的套管43以及承担与其他光连接器的连接的连接器插头44。连接器插头44的形状是通常使用的SC型、FC型、LC型、MPO型等。通过将光侧方输入输出电路303插入到光连接器350的内部,能够容易地进行与其他光纤50a的连接,并且能够实现来自光纤50的光侧面输入输出。
(效果)
在实施方式1至3中说明的光侧方输入输出电路和光连接器通过使光侧方输入输出技术具有波长选择性,能够在传输通道中将任意波长的光取出任意功率,例如多级地取出供电光来进行传感器的控制,或者通过将取出的光输入到其他光纤而能够根据波长实现路径控制。
附图标记说明
10:抽头部
20:光栅部
21:光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)
30:光供电元件
40:受光器
43:套管
44:连接器插头
45:包覆
50、50a:光纤
51:芯
52:包层
53:抽头波导
301~303:光侧方输入输出电路
350:光连接器
Claims (4)
1.一种光侧方输入输出电路,其特征在于包括:
光栅部,反射在光纤的芯中传播的光中的期望波长的光的光纤布拉格光栅形成于所述芯;以及
抽头部,相对于所述光的传播方向配置在所述光栅部的前级,形成有从所述光纤的侧面输出由所述光栅部反射的反射光的抽头波导。
2.根据权利要求1所述的光侧方输入输出电路,其特征在于,在所述光纤上将所述抽头部和所述光栅部的组连续地配置多个。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的光侧方输入输出电路,其特征在于,还包括受光器,所述受光器配置在所述光纤的侧面,接收所述抽头部输出的所述反射光。
4.一种光连接器,其特征在于,包括如权利要求1至3中任意一项所述的光侧方输入输出电路。
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JPH11133255A (ja) * | 1997-10-30 | 1999-05-21 | Fujitsu Ltd | 光モニタデバイス及びその装置 |
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CA2396831A1 (en) * | 2002-08-02 | 2004-02-02 | Femtonics Corporation | Microstructuring optical wave guide devices with femtosecond optical pulses |
US6885792B2 (en) * | 2002-09-24 | 2005-04-26 | Furukawa Electric North America Inc. | Wavelength monitoring optical fibers using detection in the near field |
US20080069497A1 (en) * | 2006-09-15 | 2008-03-20 | Yann Tissot | Optical waveguide tap monitor |
JP2011232706A (ja) * | 2010-04-30 | 2011-11-17 | Fujitsu Ltd | 光デバイス、光モニタシステム及び光デバイスの製造方法 |
KR20140042056A (ko) * | 2012-09-27 | 2014-04-07 | (주)럭스콤 | 광 가입자단 모니터링용 현장 조립형 광커넥터 |
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US10509185B2 (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2019-12-17 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Optical connector with photodetector, adaptor for optical connector, and system |
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