CN115970199A - Fire control method suitable for liquid cooling and energy storage integrated cabinet - Google Patents
Fire control method suitable for liquid cooling and energy storage integrated cabinet Download PDFInfo
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- CN115970199A CN115970199A CN202211701386.XA CN202211701386A CN115970199A CN 115970199 A CN115970199 A CN 115970199A CN 202211701386 A CN202211701386 A CN 202211701386A CN 115970199 A CN115970199 A CN 115970199A
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 206010000369 Accident Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- UKACHOXRXFQJFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F UKACHOXRXFQJFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012983 electrochemical energy storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fire control method suitable for a liquid cooling energy storage integrated cabinet, which designs a set of fire control method logic based on three defense lines by referring to the mature experience of the safe operation of a power grid, wherein the three defense lines are annularly buckled with each other, so that the fire control linkage fire extinguishing measures can be effectively prevented from being started in time after the fire of an energy storage battery and the fire occur, and the personal and property accident loss caused by the expansion of the fire accident can be prevented. The fire control method suitable for the liquid-cooling energy storage integrated cabinet provided by the invention meets the requirements of sensitivity, reliability, selectivity and rapidity of liquid-cooling energy storage fire control, the control method logics of adjacent defense lines are designed in a cross mode, no protection dead zone exists, the design is precise, the operation and implementation are easy, and the effect direction completely accords with the basic fire control principle of 'safety first, prevention first and prevention elimination combination'.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fire control method suitable for a liquid cooling and energy storage integrated cabinet, and belongs to the technical field of control of electrochemical energy storage equipment.
Background
In recent years, the electrochemical energy storage industry develops wind cloud surge, and the application prospect is very wide. Among them, lithium ion batteries have become the main force of electrochemical energy storage because of their advantages of long cycle life, high working voltage, high energy density, small self-discharge, etc. However, lithium ion batteries can experience thermal runaway in the event of abuse such as overheating, overcharging, and short circuiting. When thermal runaway occurs, a violent exothermic reaction occurs inside the battery, a large amount of heat and toxic combustible gases are generated, and fire or even explosion may occur. Meanwhile, toxic gas also threatens life safety of people, and further causes a great amount of economic loss and casualties. Therefore, the safety problem of the electrochemical energy storage project becomes an important social concern, and the application of the energy storage technology and even the development of the energy storage industry are directly restricted.
In the past, electrochemical energy storage projects mostly adopt a centralized air cooling scheme, and usually the smallest integrated unit is an energy storage cabin. For a high-capacity energy storage system, the number of required battery cluster monomers is large, and the number of parallel battery clusters is large. By adopting centralized arrangement, the batteries between clusters are close in distance and have no physical barrier, so that the fire is easy to spread after thermal runaway, the accident range is large and the loss is more serious. In order to overcome the main defects, a distributed modular liquid cooling energy storage scheme is developed at present, the minimum integrated unit of the distributed modular liquid cooling energy storage scheme is a liquid cooling energy storage integrated cabinet, batteries in the cabinet and a PCS (personal communications system) are integrated into a whole, the batteries needing to be connected in parallel are separated from each other across the cabinet through the PCS, the batteries are not physically in the same closed space, the faults in the clusters have no chain reaction, and the problems of thermal runaway, electrical fire and the like can be effectively separated. Compare with centralized energy storage scheme, the most obvious characteristics of distributed module ization energy storage scheme in security performance are that the pond fish can not be victimized in the city door catching fire, and fire alarm scope and fire control object are by diminishing greatly, can accomplish accurate prevention and control, and system security has the essence to promote.
Therefore, the distributed modular liquid cooling energy storage scheme can effectively solve the safety problem existing in the current electrochemical energy storage project and is a main development direction in the future. However, under the condition that the technical problem of thermal runaway occurring in the electrochemical energy storage battery cannot be fundamentally solved, by collecting and identifying the development characteristic parameters of the thermal runaway accident, it is still very important to design a whole-process fire control method aiming at early fire warning, multi-stage safety linkage and fire protection in the application scene of the liquid cooling and energy storage integrated cabinet to prevent the expansion of the fire safety accident.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a fire control method suitable for a liquid cooling energy storage integrated cabinet.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a fire control method suitable for a liquid cooling and energy storage integrated cabinet comprises the following three defense lines:
a first line of defense: the device is mainly arranged in the early stage of a battery fire, and when thermal runaway reaction is generated in the battery, a plurality of combustible gases are released through the battery safety valve. Related gas sensors are redundantly deployed, corresponding early warning threshold values are set, when the gas concentration reaches the early warning threshold values, an alarm is given out to achieve early detection and early warning of the battery fire, effective preventive fire protection linkage control measures are taken according to the alarm, and the battery fire is restrained in time.
And (3) second defense line: the fire disaster early stage after the first defense line is out of order is mainly prevented, and in the stage, the concentration of combustible gas in the cabinet is obviously increased, and a large amount of smoke, visible light and temperature rising fire accident characteristics are generated due to combustion. A smoke sensor and a temperature sensor are selected, when two or more different sensor parameters reach a set threshold value, a fire disaster is determined to occur, and an emergency fire-fighting linkage control measure needs to be started immediately and automatically, so that an alarm can be given in time and the fire disaster can be extinguished quickly in the early stage of the fire disaster accident, and the serious chemical explosion accident can be prevented.
The third line of defense: the fire disaster continuous stage mainly set up to be protected from the failure of the second defense line, under the condition that the gas fire extinguishing system in the cabinet is used, the initial open fire is extinguished, the cooling effect is not obvious, the afterburning cannot be prevented, and the fire disaster is continuously burnt, the manual intervention is carried out after the monitoring means of the thermal imaging camera, the remote video and the personnel observation is used for confirming, the emergency fire-fighting linkage control measure is started, the fire disaster is prevented from further spreading to other liquid cooling energy storage integrated cabinets, and the fire accident range is ensured not to be expanded any more.
Preferably, the effective preventive fire-fighting linkage control measures mainly include: the combustible gas alarm controller sends out the alarm sound, lights gas alarm indicator, cuts off the air conditioner power, starts the explosion-proof fan, opens electronic shutter, notifies BMS system request PCS to shut down, jumps the PCS circuit breaker, and the control backstage shows that the combustible gas concentration in the concrete cabinet reaches the first threshold value setting value.
As the preferred scheme, the emergency fire-fighting linkage control measures mainly comprise: the combustible gas alarm controller gives out alarm sound, lights a gas alarm indicator lamp, starts an audible and visual alarm, cuts off an air conditioner power supply, closes an explosion-proof fan, closes an electric shutter, starts a gas fire extinguishing system to extinguish fire, lights a gas spraying indicator lamp and feeds back signals, informs a BMS system to request a PCS to shut down, jumps a PCS circuit breaker, and monitors a background to display that the concentration of combustible gas in a specific cabinet reaches a second threshold value set value.
As a preferred scheme, the emergency fire-fighting linkage control measures mainly comprise: the fire alarm controller starts sound and light alarm to inform the BMS system of requesting PCS to stop, and the PCS circuit breaker is tripped, and the fire pump is started for water supply and fire extinguishing through manual intervention.
Preferably, the gas fire extinguishing system adopts cabinet type heptafluoropropane.
Preferably, the combustible gas comprises: h2 and CO.
Has the advantages that: the invention provides a fire control method suitable for a liquid-cooling energy storage integrated cabinet, which meets the requirements of sensitivity, reliability, selectivity and rapidity of liquid-cooling energy storage fire control, the control method of adjacent defense lines has a cross design, no protection dead zone is provided, the design is rigorous, the operation and implementation are easy, and the effect direction completely accords with the basic fire control principle of 'safety first, prevention first and prevention elimination combination'.
Drawings
The following description of the embodiments of the present application refers to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a fire control method applicable to a liquid-cooling energy storage integrated cabinet.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of a fire alarm and control system.
Fig. 3 is a first line of defense fire control logic diagram.
FIG. 4 is a second line of defense fire control logic diagram.
Fig. 5 is a third fire-fighting control logic diagram.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the application provides a fire control method suitable for a liquid cooling and energy storage integrated cabinet, which comprises the following three defense lines:
a first line of defense: the main defense is set at the early stage of battery fire, and the defense is gradually taken as the main target. When the battery generates a thermal runaway reaction inside, a large amount of combustible gas such as carbon monoxide and the like is released through the battery safety valve, and according to the characteristic, related gas sensors can be arranged redundantly, corresponding early warning threshold values are set, when the gas concentration reaches the early warning threshold values, an alarm is sent out to realize early detection and early warning of a battery fire, effective preventive fire-fighting linkage control measures are taken according to the alarm, and the occurrence of the battery fire is restrained in time. The effective preventive fire-fighting linkage control measures mainly comprise: the combustible gas alarm controller gives an alarm sound, lights a gas alarm indicator lamp, closes an air conditioner power supply, starts an explosion-proof fan, opens an electric shutter, informs a BMS system to request to cut off a PCS circuit breaker, and monitors the background to display that the concentration of the combustible gas in the specific cabinet reaches a first threshold value set value.
And (3) second defense line: the main purposes of preventing the early stage of fire after the failure of the first defense line and stopping damage are as follows. In the stage, the concentration of combustible gas in the cabinet is obviously increased, and a large amount of smoke, visible light, temperature rise and other fire accident characteristics are generated due to fire burning, and appropriate sensors and detectors are selected and a redundancy system is arranged aiming at the various accident characteristics.
When the parameters detected by two or more different sensors reach the set threshold value, the fire disaster can be determined to happen. Emergency fire-fighting linkage control measures such as a gas fire-extinguishing system and the like need to be started immediately and automatically, so that the early stage of fire accidents can be ensured to alarm in time and extinguish the fire rapidly, and serious chemical explosion accidents are prevented; the emergency fire-fighting linkage control measures mainly comprise: the combustible gas alarm controller sends out the chimes of doom, lights gaseous alarm indicator, fire alarm controller start audible and visual warning, cuts off air conditioner power, closes explosion-proof fan, closes electronic shutter, starts gaseous fire extinguishing systems and puts out a fire, lights gaseous spraying indicator and signal feedback, notifies BMS system request PCS to shut down, jumps the PCS circuit breaker, and the control backstage shows that the combustible gas concentration reaches the second threshold value setting value in the concrete cabinet.
The third defense line: the main defense is in the fire sustained stage after the second defense line fails, and the sheep death and reinforcement are taken as the main targets. Under the conditions that the gas fire extinguishing system in the cabinet is used, the initial open fire is not extinguished, the cooling effect is not obvious, the re-ignition cannot be prevented, and the continuous fire is burnt, the monitoring means such as a thermal imaging camera, remote video, personnel observation and the like are utilized to carry out manual confirmation and manual intervention, a water pump is started to implement emergency fire-fighting linkage control measures such as water supply fire extinguishment and the like, the fire is prevented from further spreading to other liquid cooling and energy storage integrated cabinets, and the fire accident range is ensured not to be expanded any more. The emergency fire-fighting linkage control measures mainly comprise: the fire alarm controller starts sound and light alarm to inform the BMS system of requesting PCS to stop, and the PCS circuit breaker is tripped, and the fire pump is started for water supply and fire extinguishing through manual intervention.
As shown in fig. 2, the fire control system of the integrative cabinet of energy storage liquid cooling includes: fire alarm control system, combustible gas detection system, fire extinguishing system.
The fire alarm control system consists of a gas fire-extinguishing controller, a smoke detector, a temperature detector and the like, and the alarm and the control adopt a bus system. The fire alarm system is linked with the BMS, the air conditioner in the cabinet and the cabinet type heptafluoropropane gas fire extinguishing system.
The combustible gas detection alarm system is composed of a combustible gas alarm controller, a combustible gas detector and the like, and the alarm and the control adopt a bus system.
The fire-fighting system consists of a fixed fire-extinguishing system, a fire alarm control system and linkage equipment. The fixed fire extinguishing system, the fire alarm control system and the linkage equipment are as follows:
as shown in figure 3, in the first line of fire-fighting control method, the concentration of combustible gas in the cabinet is greater than the low-limit alarm set value of the combustible gas detector, and when the concentration of the combustible gas in the cabinet is less than the high-limit alarm set value, the combustible gas detection alarm system sends out a gas alarm sound-light signal for the first time, and is in linkage control with the gas fire-extinguishing controller, the fire-extinguishing controller sequentially starts ventilation and exhaust, closes an air-conditioning power supply, informs a BMS to cut off a PCS circuit breaker and a cluster-level relay, and a monitoring background can position and display the alarm that the concentration of the combustible gas in the specific cabinet reaches the first threshold set value.
As shown in FIG. 4, in the second fire-fighting control method, when any of the combustible gas concentrations in the cabinet is greater than the upper limit alarm set value of the combustible gas detector, or the smoke detector and the temperature detector give alarms, the combustible gas detection alarm system sends out a gas alarm acousto-optic signal for the second time and is in linkage control with the gas fire-fighting controller, and the gas fire-fighting controller sends out a fire alarm acousto-optic signal for the first time, and the gas fire-fighting controller sequentially cuts off the air conditioner power supply, turns off the anti-explosion fan, cuts off the non-fire power supply, turns off the electric shutter, informs the BMS system to request the PCS shutdown, trips the PCS circuit breaker, starts the gas fire-fighting system to extinguish, lights the gas spraying indicator lamp and signal feedback (no gas discharge), starts the sound and light alarm outside the cabinet, and the monitoring background can position and display the alarm that the combustible gas concentration in the specific cabinet reaches the second threshold set value.
When people find fire, the manual alarm button, the external cabinet starting button and the remote starting button are started, and then the gas fire-extinguishing controller is linked. Or starting an emergency manual start, starting the device to act, operating the bottle head valve, spraying the fire extinguishing agent and extinguishing early fire.
As shown in fig. 5, in the third fire-fighting control method, the thermal imaging camera monitoring device, the remote video monitoring device or the personnel observation, and the centralized fire alarm controller confirms that the second fire-fighting control method is executed, the fire alarm controller continuously starts the sound and light alarm, informs the BMS system of requesting the PCS to stop, and the PCS breaker is tripped, and the fire pump is manually started to supply water for fire extinguishing.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a fire control method suitable for integrative cabinet of liquid cooling energy storage which characterized in that: the method comprises the following three defense lines:
a first line of defense: the protection is arranged at the early stage of a battery fire, and when thermal runaway reaction is generated in the battery, a plurality of combustible gases are released through a battery safety valve; related gas sensors are arranged in a redundant mode, corresponding early warning thresholds are set, when the gas concentration reaches the early warning thresholds, an alarm is sent out to realize early detection and early warning of a battery fire, effective preventive fire-fighting linkage control measures are taken according to the alarm, and the battery fire is restrained in time;
and (3) second defense line: the protection is arranged in the early stage of fire after the failure of the first defense line, and in the stage, the concentration of combustible gas in the cabinet is obviously increased, and the characteristics of a large amount of smoke, visible light and fire accidents with increased temperature are also generated due to combustion; selecting a smoke sensor and a temperature sensor, determining that a fire disaster occurs when two or more different sensor parameters reach a set threshold value, and immediately and automatically starting an emergency fire-fighting linkage control measure to ensure that an alarm can be given in time and the fire disaster can be quickly extinguished in the early stage of the fire accident, so that the serious chemical explosion accident is prevented;
the third line of defense: and in the fire hazard continuous stage after the second defense line fails, manual intervention is performed after the gas fire extinguishing system in the cabinet is used, initial open fire failure is extinguished, the cooling effect is not obvious, re-ignition cannot be prevented, and continuous fire hazard combustion cannot be prevented by using monitoring means such as a thermal imaging camera, remote video and personnel observation, emergency fire-fighting linkage control measures are started, the fire hazard is prevented from further spreading to other liquid-cooled energy storage integrated cabinets, and the fire hazard accident range is ensured not to be expanded any more.
2. The fire control method suitable for the liquid-cooled energy storage integrated cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: the effective preventive fire-fighting linkage control measures mainly comprise: the combustible gas alarm controller sends out the alarm sound, lights gas alarm indicator, cuts off the air conditioner power, starts the explosion-proof fan, opens electronic shutter, notifies BMS system request PCS to shut down, jumps the PCS circuit breaker, and the control backstage shows that the combustible gas concentration in the concrete cabinet reaches the first threshold value setting value.
3. The fire control method suitable for the liquid-cooled energy storage integrated cabinet, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the emergency fire-fighting linkage control measures mainly comprise: the combustible gas alarm controller sends out the chimes of doom, lights gaseous alarm indicator, fire alarm controller start audible and visual warning, cuts off air conditioner power, closes explosion-proof fan, closes electronic shutter, starts gaseous fire extinguishing systems and puts out a fire, lights gaseous spraying indicator and signal feedback, notifies BMS system request PCS to shut down, jumps the PCS circuit breaker, and the control backstage shows that the combustible gas concentration reaches the second threshold value setting value in the concrete cabinet.
4. The fire control method suitable for the liquid-cooled energy storage integrated cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: the emergency fire-fighting linkage control measures mainly comprise: the fire alarm controller starts sound and light alarm to inform the BMS system of requesting PCS to stop, and the PCS circuit breaker is tripped, and the fire pump is started for water supply and fire extinguishing through manual intervention.
5. The fire control method suitable for the liquid-cooled energy storage integrated cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gas fire extinguishing system adopts cabinet type heptafluoropropane.
6. The fire control method suitable for the liquid-cooled energy storage integrated cabinet, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the combustible gas includes: h2 and CO.
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