CN111035872A - Battery box fire prevention and control system and method - Google Patents
Battery box fire prevention and control system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111035872A CN111035872A CN202010002879.9A CN202010002879A CN111035872A CN 111035872 A CN111035872 A CN 111035872A CN 202010002879 A CN202010002879 A CN 202010002879A CN 111035872 A CN111035872 A CN 111035872A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/06—Electric actuation of the alarm, e.g. using a thermally-operated switch
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
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Abstract
The invention relates to a battery box fire prevention and control system and a method, comprising a battery box fire detector, a main controller, a smoke and fire alarm controller and a fire extinguishing system; the battery box fire detector detects the temperature and smoke concentration information in the battery box; the smoke and fire alarm controller sends the temperature and smoke concentration information in the battery box to the main controller; the main controller generates battery box fire alarm information according to the collected information of the internal temperature and smoke concentration of the battery box so as to control the starting state of the fire extinguishing system; the fire extinguishing system feeds back the internal state information to the main controller in real time, and the main controller is communicated with the train network through the smoke and fire alarm controller to upload alarm information and the state information of the fire extinguishing system. The system is provided with a two-stage alarm mode, different alarm levels can be started according to whether the first detector and the second detector alarm or not, the fault state is monitored in real time, the fire extinguishing system is started, and the effects of initial fire detection, intelligent judgment and fire situation development inhibition are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fire extinguishing devices, and particularly relates to a battery box fire prevention and control system and method.
Background
When a lithium battery in a battery box is heated, overcharged, overdischarged, charged by a large current, punctured, extruded and short-circuited externally, internal short circuit and electrolyte leakage of the battery are caused, so that electrode-electrolyte reaction, decomposition reaction and electrochemical reaction in the battery are caused, heat generated in the battery is larger than released heat, the internal pressure and temperature of the battery are increased rapidly, a battery pressure release valve is bounced off, combustible gas and smoke are released, and combustion and explosion occur. The existing circuit breaker, fuse, battery management system and the like can not prevent lithium ion reaction in the battery, and thermal runaway is caused. And the battery box has narrow space, compact and sealed battery structure, difficult heat dissipation and easy thermal expansion, and generates chain reaction.
Based on the above analysis, it is necessary to provide a battery box fire prevention and control system for a conventional battery box for a train.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the fire prevention aspect of the existing battery box, the invention provides a fire prevention and control system and method for the battery box, which are suitable for a train battery box.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a battery box fire prevention and control system, which comprises a battery box fire detector, a main controller, a smoke and fire alarm controller and a fire extinguishing system, wherein the battery box fire detector is connected with the main controller;
the battery box fire detector is arranged in the battery box and used for detecting the temperature and smoke concentration information in the battery box;
the main controller is connected with the smoke and fire alarm controller and the fire extinguishing system, and the smoke and fire alarm controller sends the information of the temperature and the smoke concentration inside the battery box to the main controller in real time; the main controller compares the collected temperature and smoke concentration information in the battery box with a preset temperature threshold and a preset concentration threshold to generate battery box fire alarm information so as to control the starting state of the fire extinguishing system;
the fire extinguishing system feeds back internal pressure, fault and starting state information to the main controller in real time, and the main controller uploads the internal environmental temperature and smoke concentration information of the battery box, fire alarm information of the battery box and the internal pressure, fault and starting state information of the fire extinguishing system to a train network through the smoke alarm controller.
Preferably, the battery box fire detector comprises a first detector and a second detector; the first detector is connected with the main controller and used for detecting temperature information in the battery box; and the second detector is connected with the main controller and is used for detecting the smoke concentration information in the battery box.
Preferably, the first detector adopts a temperature sensing cable, and a plurality of first detectors are arranged; the second detector adopts smoke detector or smoke temperature composite detector, and the second detector sets up to a plurality ofly.
Preferably, the fire extinguishing system comprises a spraying device, a medicament pipeline and a fire fighting box; the spraying device is connected with the fire-fighting box through a medicament pipeline; the fire fighting box is connected with the main controller, and the main controller calculates the amount of the agent required for fire extinguishing according to the temperature in the battery box, the smoke concentration information and the battery box volume information; the fire-fighting box controls the spraying device to start according to the required medicament amount, and sprays the medicament with the corresponding required medicament amount to extinguish fire.
Preferably, the formula for calculating the required medicament amount is as follows:
wherein: m represents the required dose, S represents the volume ratio, and S ═ K1+K2T), V denotes the protected object calculated area or volume, T denotes the ambient temperature, K1Is a coefficient of non-uniformity, K2The loss coefficient of the chemical at different temperatures, and c is the concentration coefficient of the chemical.
The invention also provides a battery box fire prevention and control method, and the battery box fire prevention and control system comprises the following steps:
and (3) adopting grading alarm: the method comprises a first-level alarm and a second-level alarm, wherein the priority of the first-level alarm is lower than that of the second-level alarm; setting an alarm threshold value of the primary alarm according to a thermal runaway early warning value of the battery;
if the first detector alarms and the second detector alarms are detected, or the first detector alarms and the second detector does not alarm; starting a secondary alarm and manually verifying fault information; if the battery box fire alarm information is judged manually, the fire extinguishing system is started to extinguish the fire;
if the first detector alarms completely or the first detector alarms partially or the second detector alarms, the first-level alarm is started, and the fire extinguishing system is started to extinguish fire.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the invention provides a fire prevention and control system and method for a battery box, which are designed on the basis of a primary battery box and can be applied to fire prevention, control and monitoring of a train battery box. The battery box fire detector is arranged in the battery box to detect the temperature and smoke concentration information in the battery box; the smoke and fire alarm controller sends the temperature and smoke concentration information in the battery box to the main controller in real time; the main controller carries out judgment and comparison to generate battery box fire alarm information so as to control the starting state of the fire extinguishing system; the spraying device is arranged above a protected area in the box body, and once a fire occurs, the spraying device can be quickly started to spray fire extinguishing agent to extinguish fire. Meanwhile, the main controller can be in network communication with the train through the firework alarm controller to upload alarm information.
Meanwhile, a two-stage alarm mode is set, different alarm levels can be started according to whether the first detector and the second detector alarm or not, the fault state can be monitored in real time, and the fire extinguishing system can be started in time to reduce the temperature of the battery to be below a thermal runaway state when a fire disaster happens, so that the explosion of the battery is avoided. The invention adopts a full-coverage fire extinguishing scheme, realizes the functions of initial fire detection, intelligent judgment and fire situation development inhibition, can be designed on the basis of a primary battery box, and has simple structure and convenient installation of all parts.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a fire prevention and control system for a battery box according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a layout diagram of the components of the fire prevention and control system of the battery box according to the present invention;
wherein: 1-a main controller, 21-a spraying device, 22-a medicament pipeline, 23-a fire box and 31-a first detector;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a battery box fire prevention and control monitoring method of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiment is one embodiment, but not all embodiments, of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The terms "comprises" and "comprising," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of this invention and the above-described drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, or system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements listed, but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed, or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc. are used to distinguish between different objects and are not used to describe a particular order.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a battery box fire prevention and control system, which comprises a main controller, a smoke and fire alarm controller, a fire extinguishing system and a battery box fire detector arranged in a battery box. The battery box fire detector is used for detecting the temperature or smoke concentration information in the battery box;
the main controller is connected with the smoke and fire alarm controller and the fire extinguishing system, the smoke and fire alarm controller sends temperature and smoke concentration information in the battery box detected by the battery box fire detector to the main controller in real time, the main controller judges smoke concentration, environment temperature and local temperature in the battery box fire occurrence process by acquiring environment temperature and smoke concentration information in the battery box and comparing the information with a preset temperature threshold and a preset concentration threshold, and fire alarm information of the battery box is generated;
the fire extinguishing system is connected with the main controller, and the main controller controls the starting state of the fire extinguishing system according to the identified fire alarm information of the battery box; the fire extinguishing system feeds back pressure information, fault information, starting state of the device and the like in the device to the main controller in real time; the main controller uploads the ambient temperature and smoke concentration information in the battery box, the fire alarm information of the battery box, the internal pressure, fault and starting state information of the fire extinguishing system and the like detected by the fire detector of the battery box to a train network through the smoke alarm controller, and real-time monitoring control is carried out.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 shows an arrangement of components of the fire prevention and control system for a battery box. Specifically, in the embodiment, the battery box fire detector is specifically provided with a first detector and a second detector; the first detector 31 is connected with the main controller 1 by adopting two temperature sensing cables which are fixed on a top plate in the battery box in an S shape so as to detect the temperature information in the battery box, and the main controller gives an alarm when the temperature in the battery box is higher than a set temperature; the second detector adopts smoke detector or smoke temperature composite detector, is connected with main control unit, and the second detector can set up a plurality ofly, and the dispersion is arranged in the battery box to detect the inside smog concentration information of battery box, when smog concentration is higher than the concentration value of settlement, main control unit reports to the police.
With further reference to fig. 2, the fire suppression system in this embodiment includes a fire box 21, a chemical line 22, and a sprinkler 23; the spraying device 23 can be provided with a plurality of spray heads and is arranged on the top plate in the battery box; the spraying device 23 is connected with the fire-fighting box 21 through a medicament pipeline 22; the fire box 21 is connected with the main controller 1, and the main controller 1 and the fire box 21 can be arranged outside the battery box; when the main controller monitors a fire, the main controller calculates the amount of the agent required for extinguishing the fire according to the temperature in the battery, the smoke concentration information and the volume information of the battery box; by main control unit self-starting solenoid valve or manual work start fire extinguishing systems, the fire control box controls spray set according to required medicament volume and starts, sprays the medicament of corresponding required medicament volume, and the battery box is full of fast to the medicament of putting out a fire, puts out a fire.
For the fire extinguishing agent actually used, a novel liquid agent is used in the embodiment, and fire extinguishing is performed by gasification heat absorption, anaerobic asphyxiation and chemical reaction heat absorption. After the agent is sprayed, the agent can be quickly gasified and dispersed in the whole space, so that the fire can be automatically extinguished and the fire can be effectively prevented from reigniting. The required medicament amount can be calculated according to the information such as the volume of the residual space in the battery box, the ambient temperature and the like, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein: m represents the required dose, S represents the volume ratio, and S ═ K1+K2T), V denotes the protected object calculated area or volume, T denotes the ambient temperature, K1Is a coefficient of non-uniformity, K2The loss coefficient of the chemical at different temperatures, and c is the concentration coefficient of the chemical.
According to the above battery box fire prevention and control system, the present invention also provides a battery box fire prevention and control method, as shown in fig. 3, including:
and (3) adopting grading alarm: the method comprises a first-level alarm and a second-level alarm, wherein the alarm threshold of the first-level alarm is set according to the thermal runaway early warning value of the battery, and the priority of the first-level alarm is lower than that of the second-level alarm.
If the first detector alarms and the second detector alarms are detected, or the first detector alarms and the second detector does not alarm; starting a secondary alarm and manually verifying fault information; if the battery box fire alarm information is judged manually, the fire extinguishing system is started to extinguish the fire;
if the first detector alarms completely or the first detector alarms partially or the second detector alarms, the first-level alarm is started, and the fire extinguishing system is started to extinguish fire.
In conclusion, the battery box fire prevention and control system provided by the invention is applied to a train battery box, adopts a full-coverage fire extinguishing scheme to prevent and control initial fire in the battery box, and realizes the functions of initial fire detection, intelligent judgment and fire development inhibition. Install first detector and second detector inside the box, spray set installs in the inside top by the protected area of box, in case take place the condition of a fire, first detector, second detector can accurately detect the battery box in ambient temperature fast, with smog concentration information and report to the police. The system is provided with a two-stage alarm mode, different alarm levels can be started according to whether the first detector and the second detector alarm or not, the fault state can be monitored in real time, the fire extinguishing system can be started in time when a fire disaster happens, the temperature of the battery is reduced to be below a thermal runaway state, the battery is prevented from exploding, the fire condition is accurately identified, and false alarm and missed alarm are effectively reduced. Tests prove that the internal vacant space of the storage battery is about 1.8m3During the process, the amount of the required agent of the storage battery box is 4L, the agent is filled and pressurized at 2.5MPa, the four full-coverage nozzles spray the agent in 4L for 10s, the fire extinguishing agent in 5s is dispersed to the whole space, the fire is extinguished within 5-7 s, and the fire is automatically extinguished and effectively prevented from reigniting within 10 min.
Claims (6)
1. A battery box fire prevention and control system is characterized by comprising a battery box fire detector, a main controller, a smoke and fire alarm controller and a fire extinguishing system;
the battery box fire detector is arranged in the battery box and used for detecting the temperature and smoke concentration information in the battery box;
the main controller is connected with the smoke and fire alarm controller and the fire extinguishing system, and the smoke and fire alarm controller sends the information of the temperature and the smoke concentration inside the battery box to the main controller in real time; the main controller compares the collected temperature and smoke concentration information in the battery box with a preset temperature threshold and a preset concentration threshold to generate battery box fire alarm information so as to control the starting state of the fire extinguishing system;
the fire extinguishing system feeds back internal pressure, fault and starting state information to the main controller in real time, and the main controller uploads the internal environmental temperature and smoke concentration information of the battery box, fire alarm information of the battery box and the internal pressure, fault and starting state information of the fire extinguishing system to a train network through the smoke alarm controller.
2. The battery box fire prevention and control system of claim 1, wherein the battery box fire detector comprises a first detector, a second detector; the first detector is connected with the main controller and used for detecting temperature information in the battery box; and the second detector is connected with the main controller and is used for detecting the smoke concentration information in the battery box.
3. The battery box fire prevention and control system according to claim 2, wherein the first detector is a temperature sensing cable, and the first detector is provided in plurality; the second detector adopts smoke detector or smoke temperature composite detector, and the second detector sets up to a plurality ofly.
4. The battery pack fire prevention and control system of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fire suppression system comprises a sprinkler, a chemical line, and a fire box; the spraying device is connected with the fire-fighting box through a medicament pipeline; the fire fighting box is connected with the main controller, and the main controller calculates the amount of the agent required for fire extinguishing according to the temperature in the battery box, the smoke concentration information and the battery box volume information; the fire-fighting box controls the spraying device to start according to the required medicament amount, and sprays the medicament with the corresponding required medicament amount to extinguish fire.
5. The fire prevention and control system for the battery box according to claim 4, wherein the required amount of the chemical agent is calculated by the formula:
wherein: m represents the required dose, S represents the volume ratio, and S ═ K1+K2T), V denotes the protected object calculated area or volume, T denotes the ambient temperature, K1Is a coefficient of non-uniformity, K2The loss coefficient of the chemical at different temperatures, and c is the concentration coefficient of the chemical.
6. A fire prevention and control method for a battery box using the fire prevention and control system for a battery box according to any one of claims 2 to 5, comprising:
and (3) adopting grading alarm: the method comprises a first-level alarm and a second-level alarm, wherein the priority of the first-level alarm is lower than that of the second-level alarm; setting an alarm threshold value of the primary alarm according to a thermal runaway early warning value of the battery;
if the first detector alarms and the second detector alarms are detected, or the first detector alarms and the second detector does not alarm; starting a secondary alarm and manually verifying fault information; if the battery box fire alarm information is judged manually, the fire extinguishing system is started to extinguish the fire;
if the first detector alarms completely or the first detector alarms partially or the second detector alarms, the first-level alarm is started, and the fire extinguishing system is started to extinguish fire.
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| CN202010002879.9A CN111035872A (en) | 2020-01-02 | 2020-01-02 | Battery box fire prevention and control system and method |
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| CN202010002879.9A CN111035872A (en) | 2020-01-02 | 2020-01-02 | Battery box fire prevention and control system and method |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111514489A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-08-11 | 九江学院 | Automatic fire extinguishing method and system for new energy automobile battery box and mobile terminal |
| CN111632329A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-08 | 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 | Automatic fire extinguishing method and device |
| CN113112765A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-07-13 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Lithium iron phosphate battery direct-current power supply fire-fighting system and method |
| CN113332634A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-09-03 | 北京安普路安全技术有限公司 | New energy automobile fire protection system |
| CN114053628A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2022-02-18 | 哲弗智能系统（上海）有限公司 | Gas inhibitor injection amount determination method, gas inhibitor injection amount determination device, computer equipment and medium |
| CN114748818A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-07-15 | 安徽鑫思诚科技有限公司 | Battery box intelligence fire extinguishing systems |
| CN114887255A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-08-12 | 浙江吉智新能源汽车科技有限公司 | Fire control method, device and system for power change station |
| CN114949675A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-08-30 | 上海华慧检测技术有限公司 | System and method for early warning and controlling thermal runaway of energy storage system |
| CN115025421A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-09 | 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司科技分公司 | Automatic fire extinguishing system and electric drive loader |
| CN115394036A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-11-25 | 爱瑞克(大连)安全技术集团有限公司 | Monitoring and early warning method and system for building fire |
| CN115414615A (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2022-12-02 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Fire disaster processing method, system, device, storage medium and train |
| CN115569338A (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2023-01-06 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司蚌埠供电公司 | Multi-class fire early warning data distributed training and local fire extinguishing method and system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111514489A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-08-11 | 九江学院 | Automatic fire extinguishing method and system for new energy automobile battery box and mobile terminal |
| CN111632329A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-08 | 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 | Automatic fire extinguishing method and device |
| CN114053628A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2022-02-18 | 哲弗智能系统（上海）有限公司 | Gas inhibitor injection amount determination method, gas inhibitor injection amount determination device, computer equipment and medium |
| CN113112765A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-07-13 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Lithium iron phosphate battery direct-current power supply fire-fighting system and method |
| CN113332634A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-09-03 | 北京安普路安全技术有限公司 | New energy automobile fire protection system |
| CN114887255A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-08-12 | 浙江吉智新能源汽车科技有限公司 | Fire control method, device and system for power change station |
| CN114748818A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-07-15 | 安徽鑫思诚科技有限公司 | Battery box intelligence fire extinguishing systems |
| CN114949675A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-08-30 | 上海华慧检测技术有限公司 | System and method for early warning and controlling thermal runaway of energy storage system |
| CN115025421A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-09 | 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司科技分公司 | Automatic fire extinguishing system and electric drive loader |
| CN115394036A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-11-25 | 爱瑞克(大连)安全技术集团有限公司 | Monitoring and early warning method and system for building fire |
| CN115414615A (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2022-12-02 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Fire disaster processing method, system, device, storage medium and train |
| CN115569338A (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2023-01-06 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司蚌埠供电公司 | Multi-class fire early warning data distributed training and local fire extinguishing method and system |
| CN115569338B (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2023-10-13 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司蚌埠供电公司 | Multi-category fire early warning data distributed training and local extinguishing method and system |
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