CN213724537U - Lithium ion battery water-packaging base fire prevention and control device - Google Patents
Lithium ion battery water-packaging base fire prevention and control device Download PDFInfo
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- CN213724537U CN213724537U CN202021740368.9U CN202021740368U CN213724537U CN 213724537 U CN213724537 U CN 213724537U CN 202021740368 U CN202021740368 U CN 202021740368U CN 213724537 U CN213724537 U CN 213724537U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a lithium ion battery package conflagration prevention and control device. The fire prevention and control device monitors the operation state of the lithium ion battery pack in real time through the temperature sensor, the smoke sensor and the pressure sensor, and when the lithium ion battery pack is found to be out of thermal runaway, the controller automatically sends out an alarm signal. When the thermal runaway reaches a certain degree, the temperature of a certain battery cell or a battery pack in the lithium ion battery pack reaches a combustion critical point, or the lithium ion battery cell is seriously swelled and deformed to cause a pressure alarm to give an alarm, or a fire is started to cause a smoke alarm to give an alarm, or the BMS of the battery pack sends a thermal runaway alarm, and the controller of the fire prevention and control device timely sends out a fire extinguishing agent valve for cutting off the power supply of the battery pack and starting the fire extinguishing agent valve according to a set program, and injects a special foam fire extinguishing agent for a water-based lithium battery into the battery pack to extinguish the fire. The special fire extinguishing agent has the effects of quickly cooling, stopping combustion of free radicals and isolating air when a lithium battery is on fire, and achieves the purpose of quickly extinguishing fire and preventing resurgence.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of lithium ion battery conflagration prevention and control, especially, relate to a lithium ion battery water-coated conflagration prevention and control device.
Background
Thermal runaway of lithium ion batteries and thermal stability of lithium battery materials are always important factors of safety of power lithium batteries, and for the lithium ion batteries, the thermal runaway is the most serious safety accident, and can cause fire or even explosion of the lithium ion batteries, so that safety of users is directly threatened. The safety problem of the lithium battery draws extensive attention, and the existing problem is urgently needed to be further solved.
At present, the lithium battery fire extinguishing apparatus that has used on the market has following not enough:
the adoption of gas extinguishing agents, such as carbon dioxide, heptafluoropropane and the like, can only isolate air and can not cool the ignition battery; the effect is not ideal,
the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent is liquid at normal temperature, has a boiling point of 49 ℃, can be vaporized at a little higher temperature, has the vaporization heat of 88kJ/kg, is less than that of 2260kJ/kg of water, and has the similar cooling effect as a gas fire extinguishing agent;
dry powder extinguishing agent: the lithium ion battery fire extinguishing test proves that the effect is not large.
The water mist fire extinguishing agent has better battery cooling effect than a gas fire extinguishing agent, has poorer air isolation effect,
the aerosol type fire extinguishing agent has good heat absorption effect on space combustion, and the battery cooling effect is similar to that of a gas fire extinguishing agent.
The fire extinguishing device extinguishes fire after judging fire through the temperature sensor and the smoke sensor, and the fire prevention and control data are insufficient.
Generally, a fire extinguishing system is adopted to put attention to fire extinguishing and not to put attention to fire prevention, and a device is operated until open fire is generated, so that the fire extinguishing is in a passive state.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses a solve the technical problem who exists among the above-mentioned background art, to arousing that lithium ion battery thermal runaway's battery temperature risees, the combustion-supporting, organic matter free radical chain reaction of air provides a lithium ion battery package water base conflagration prevention and control device.
The utility model discloses a following technical scheme realizes: a lithium ion battery water-packaging-based fire prevention and control device comprises:
a plurality of battery packs;
the number of the temperature sensors is a plurality; mounted within a single battery pack;
a plurality of smoke sensors; mounted within a single battery pack;
the number of the pressure sensors is a plurality; mounted within a single battery pack;
the controller is simultaneously and electrically connected with the temperature sensor, the smoke sensor and the pressure sensor; and simultaneously connected with the system BMS;
the fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder is communicated with the inside of the battery pack through a fire extinguishing agent pipeline;
a control valve mounted on the fire suppressant conduit; the control valve is electrically connected with the controller;
when at least two of the temperature sensor, the smoke sensor and the pressure sensor sense that the temperature, the pressure or the smoke in the corresponding battery pack reach a set threshold value, the controller starts a fire extinguishing program, only the sensed battery pack with abnormal data is extinguished, and meanwhile, the adjacent battery packs are prevented from being in fire.
In a further embodiment, the fire suppression procedure is: when at least two detected data of the temperature sensor, the smoke sensor and the pressure sensor reach the judgment of thermal runaway data set before the fire, the controller immediately sends out an alarm or fire extinguishing instruction according to a preset program, and the fire extinguishing instruction is set at the moment of the fire to extinguish the fire.
In a further embodiment, the fire suppression instruction is: the controller closes the battery circuit, and starts the control valve on the fire extinguishing agent pipeline, and the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder is sprayed to the inside of the battery pack, reduces the temperature of the battery, isolates air, and achieves the purposes of extinguishing a fire and preventing a fire from happening.
In a further embodiment, the battery pack is a battery unit formed by connecting battery cells in series or in parallel, and the battery pack is connected in series or in parallel to form a battery module.
In a further embodiment, the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder adopts water-based foam fire extinguishing agent, and the water precipitated by the water-based foam fire extinguishing agent wets the surface of the battery to rapidly reduce the temperature of the thermal runaway battery.
In a further embodiment, the temperature sensor, the smoke sensor and the pressure sensor are respectively installed at intervals of the battery electric cores at equal intervals, so that the volume of the battery pack is not affected.
In a further embodiment, further comprising: the input end of the battery management system is electrically connected with the temperature sensor, the smoke sensor and the pressure sensor, and the output end of the battery management system is electrically connected with the controller;
the battery management system scans the temperature, pressure and smoke sensing data at proper time, the scanning frequency is not less than 60 times per minute, and the data obtained by scanning are transmitted to the controller.
In a further embodiment, the fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder, the control valve and the fire extinguishing agent pipeline are made of stainless steel or steel lining PE and PTFE materials, and can resist corrosion and the influence of the ambient temperature of minus 40 ℃ to 80 ℃.
The utility model has the advantages that: a detection sensor and a special fire extinguishing agent pipeline are arranged aiming at each battery pack or each battery pack, so that fire prevention and control are only carried out aiming at the battery pack with thermal runaway. The loss can be reduced to the minimum, and other normal battery packs are not influenced or are influenced as little as possible; the fire-fighting safety belt has the function of preventing fire, and accords with the fire-fighting policy of taking prevention as the main and combining prevention and elimination; the utility model discloses a water base foam fire extinguishing agent, the temperature of thermal runaway battery can be reduced rapidly on the water logging battery surface that the fire extinguishing agent appeared. Meanwhile, the function of free radical chain reaction of fire is terminated empirically, the residual electric quantity of the thermal runaway battery and the residual electric quantity of the adjacent batteries can be quickly discharged by the water-based fire extinguishing agent, and the danger of burning and reburning is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a connection diagram of a lithium ion battery pack water-based fire prevention and control device of the present invention.
Each of the labels in fig. 1 is: the fire extinguishing system comprises a battery pack 1, a controller 2, a battery management system 3, a fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder 4, a control valve 5, a battery cell 6, a temperature sensor 7, a smoke sensor 8, a pressure sensor 9 and a fire extinguishing agent pipeline 10.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following description of the drawings and specific embodiments.
The inventor finds that: thermal runaway of lithium ion batteries and thermal stability of lithium battery materials are always important factors of safety of power lithium batteries, and for the lithium ion batteries, the thermal runaway is the most serious safety accident, and can cause fire or even explosion of the lithium ion batteries, so that safety of users is directly threatened. The safety problem of the lithium battery draws extensive attention, and the existing problem is urgently needed to be further solved. At present, the lithium battery fire extinguishing device adopted in the market still has the following problems:
the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent is liquid at normal temperature, has a boiling point of 49 ℃, can be vaporized at a little higher temperature, has the vaporization heat of 88kJ/kg, is less than that of 2260kJ/kg of water, and has the similar cooling effect as a gas fire extinguishing agent;
dry powder extinguishing agent: the lithium ion battery fire extinguishing test proves that the effect is not large.
The water mist fire extinguishing agent has better battery cooling effect than a gas fire extinguishing agent, has poorer air isolation effect,
the aerosol type fire extinguishing agent has good heat absorption effect on space combustion, and the battery cooling effect is similar to that of a gas fire extinguishing agent.
The fire extinguishing device extinguishes fire after judging fire through the temperature and smoke sensing probes, and fire prevention and control data are insufficient.
Generally, a fire extinguishing system is adopted to put attention to fire extinguishing and not to put attention to fire prevention, and a device is operated until open fire is generated, so that the fire extinguishing is in a passive state.
The inventors have designed a lithium ion battery water-based fire prevention and control device to solve the above problems, comprising: the fire extinguishing system comprises a battery pack 1, a controller 2, a battery management system 3, a fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder 4, a control valve 5, a battery cell 6, a temperature sensor 7, a smoke sensor 8, a pressure sensor 9 and a fire extinguishing agent pipeline 10.
As shown in fig. 1, the lithium ion battery pack 1 includes a plurality of battery packs 1, that is, the battery packs 1 are connected in series or in parallel to form a battery module. The battery pack 1 is internally provided with a battery unit formed by connecting battery cells 6 in series or in parallel.
Each battery pack 1 is provided with a plurality of temperature sensors 7, a plurality of smoke sensors 8 and a plurality of pressure sensors 9, and the temperature sensors 7, the smoke sensors and the pressure sensors 9 are connected to the controller 2; the controller 2 is an information processing unit of a fire prevention and control system for receiving temperature, smoke, and pressure data from the respective sensors. The temperature sensor 7, the smoke sensor and the pressure sensor 9 are respectively and equidistantly arranged at intervals of the battery electric cores, and the volume of the battery pack 1 is not affected.
The temperature sensors 7 are used for detecting the temperature of the surface of the battery cell, and when the battery pack 1 is large or contains more battery cells 6, the plurality of temperature sensors 7 used are uniformly distributed in the battery pack 1, so that the detection point is as representative as possible. In order to meet the requirements of the water-based fire extinguishing agent, the battery packs 1 are designed to be as watertight as possible.
The smoke sensor is arranged in each battery pack 1, and can give an alarm in time when a battery cell is on fire and smokes to indicate that a fire disaster occurs, and the fire extinguishing device is manually or automatically started in time.
The pressure sensor 9 is used for detecting the thermal runaway expansion deformation degree of the battery cell, and can timely early warn the thermal runaway degree by matching with the temperature sensor 7 and also can be used for preventing fire.
Pack inside in every battery package 1 and set up a plurality of or a plurality of pressure sensor 9 for detect battery electric core thermal runaway inflation deformation degree, cooperation temperature sensor 7 can in time early warning thermal runaway's degree, also can be used to prevent the emergence of conflagration.
In order to perfect the fire extinguishing system, the lithium ion battery pack 1 water-based fire prevention and control device further comprises: a fire extinguishing agent pipeline 10 with the head end communicated with the battery pack 1, a fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder 4 connected to the tail end of the fire extinguishing agent pipeline 10, and a control valve 5 installed on the fire extinguishing agent pipeline 10; the control valve 5 is electrically connected to the controller 2. The fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder 4 adopts a water-based foam fire extinguishing agent, and water precipitated by the water-based foam fire extinguishing agent soaks the surface of the battery to quickly reduce the temperature of the thermal runaway battery.
The fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder 4, the control valve 5 and the fire extinguishing agent pipeline 10 are made of stainless steel or steel lining PE and PTFE materials, can resist corrosion and the influence of the environment temperature of minus 40 ℃ to 80 ℃, and can be used for more than 8 years.
The control program is to prevent misoperation, when at least two of the temperature sensor 7, the smoke sensor and the pressure sensor 9 sense that the temperature, the pressure or the smoke in the corresponding battery pack 1 reach the set threshold value, the controller 2 starts the fire extinguishing program to only extinguish the sensed battery pack 1 with abnormal data, and meanwhile, the adjacent battery packs 1 are prevented from being in fire.
The fire extinguishing procedure is as follows: and sending an alarm or fire extinguishing instruction immediately according to a preset program, wherein the fire extinguishing instruction is set to extinguish the fire at the moment when the fire occurs.
It can also be: the method comprises the steps of setting judgment of thermal runaway data before a fire disaster happens, closing a battery circuit, starting a fire extinguishing agent, reducing the temperature of a battery, isolating air and achieving the purpose of preventing the fire disaster.
In order to be able to update the data information collected by the temperature sensor 7, the smoke sensor and the pressure sensor 9 in real time: further comprising: the input end of the battery management system 3 is electrically connected with the temperature sensor 7, the smoke sensor and the pressure sensor 9, and the output end of the battery management system 3 is electrically connected with the controller 2; the battery management system 3 scans the temperature, pressure and smoke sensing data at the right time, the scanning frequency is not less than 60 times per minute, and the data obtained by scanning are transmitted to the controller 2. According to a preset program, a prompt of normal operation, abnormal temperature and pressure is sent to the system, a thermal runaway alarm is given, a fire extinguishing instruction is sent, a fire extinguishing agent control valve 5 is started, and a fire extinguishing agent in a fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder 4 is sprayed into a thermal runaway battery pack 1 through a pressure nozzle through a stainless steel fire extinguishing agent pipeline 10. One fire extinguishing agent pipe 10 is provided for each battery pack 1.
The utility model discloses a double-circuit power supply, main power supply and UPS auxiliary power supply ensure the operation of prevention and control device safety and stability, and the power failure is because of the conflagration trouble at main power supply, and UPS auxiliary power supply can guarantee that the power supply is no less than 30 minutes.
And (4) safety display: the warning information of the fire-extinguishing prevention and control system is centralized on a BMS display screen of the system to be displayed in a centralized manner or on an independent display screen.
Claims (6)
1. A lithium ion battery water-packaging-based fire prevention and control device is characterized by comprising:
a plurality of battery packs;
the number of the temperature sensors is a plurality; mounted within a single battery pack;
a plurality of smoke sensors; mounted within a single battery pack;
the number of the pressure sensors is a plurality; mounted within a single battery pack;
the controller is simultaneously and electrically connected with the temperature sensor, the smoke sensor and the pressure sensor and is also connected with the system BMS;
the fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder is connected and communicated with the battery pack through a fire extinguishing agent pipeline;
a control valve mounted on the fire suppressant conduit; the control valve is connected with the controller;
when at least two of the temperature sensor, the smoke sensor and the pressure sensor sense that the temperature, the pressure or the smoke in the corresponding battery pack reach a set threshold value, the controller starts a fire extinguishing program, only the sensed battery pack with abnormal data is extinguished, and meanwhile, the adjacent battery packs are prevented from being in fire.
2. The lithium ion battery pack water-based fire prevention and control device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the battery pack is a battery unit formed by connecting battery cells in series or in parallel, and the battery pack is connected in series or in parallel to form a battery module.
3. The lithium ion battery water-based fire prevention and control device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder is a water-based foam fire extinguishing agent, and the water precipitated from the water-based foam fire extinguishing agent soaks the surface of the battery to rapidly reduce the temperature of the thermal runaway battery.
4. The lithium ion battery pack water-based fire prevention and control device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the temperature sensor, the smoke sensor and the pressure sensor are respectively installed at the interval of the battery cells at equal distance without affecting the volume of the battery pack.
5. The lithium ion battery pack water-based fire prevention and control device of claim 1, further comprising: the input end of the battery management system is electrically connected with the temperature sensor, the smoke sensor and the pressure sensor, and the output end of the battery management system is electrically connected with the controller;
the battery management system scans the temperature, pressure and smoke sensing data at proper time, the scanning frequency is not less than 60 times per minute, and the data obtained by scanning are transmitted to the controller.
6. The lithium ion battery water-coated fire prevention and control device according to claim 1, wherein the fire extinguishing agent steel cylinder, the control valve and the fire extinguishing agent pipeline are made of stainless steel or steel lining PE and PTFE materials, and can resist corrosion and the influence of-40 ℃ to 80 ℃.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202021740368.9U CN213724537U (en) | 2020-08-19 | 2020-08-19 | Lithium ion battery water-packaging base fire prevention and control device |
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| CN202021740368.9U CN213724537U (en) | 2020-08-19 | 2020-08-19 | Lithium ion battery water-packaging base fire prevention and control device |
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| CN213724537U true CN213724537U (en) | 2021-07-20 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113921942A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2022-01-11 | 东风时代(武汉)电池系统有限公司 | New energy rapid cooler, cooling method of battery pack and automobile |
| CN114094672A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-02-25 | 南通国轩新能源科技有限公司 | Intelligent energy system, equipment and charging and discharging method |
| CN114259666A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-04-01 | 海南金盘科技储能技术有限公司 | Liquid cooling PACK of energy storage system is directly hung to well high pressure |
| CN116350973A (en) * | 2023-06-02 | 2023-06-30 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Battery compartment fire control system, battery compartment and battery compartment fire control management method |
| CN117523809A (en) * | 2024-01-08 | 2024-02-06 | 四川千页科技股份有限公司 | Fire monitoring, evaluating and managing method for lithium ion battery energy storage station |
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2020
- 2020-08-19 CN CN202021740368.9U patent/CN213724537U/en active Active
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113921942A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2022-01-11 | 东风时代(武汉)电池系统有限公司 | New energy rapid cooler, cooling method of battery pack and automobile |
| CN114094672A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-02-25 | 南通国轩新能源科技有限公司 | Intelligent energy system, equipment and charging and discharging method |
| CN114259666A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-04-01 | 海南金盘科技储能技术有限公司 | Liquid cooling PACK of energy storage system is directly hung to well high pressure |
| CN116350973A (en) * | 2023-06-02 | 2023-06-30 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Battery compartment fire control system, battery compartment and battery compartment fire control management method |
| CN116350973B (en) * | 2023-06-02 | 2023-08-29 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Battery compartment fire control system, battery compartment and battery compartment fire control management method |
| CN117523809A (en) * | 2024-01-08 | 2024-02-06 | 四川千页科技股份有限公司 | Fire monitoring, evaluating and managing method for lithium ion battery energy storage station |
| CN117523809B (en) * | 2024-01-08 | 2024-03-12 | 四川千页科技股份有限公司 | Fire monitoring, evaluating and managing method for lithium ion battery energy storage station |
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Effective date of registration: 20230505 Address after: No.757, dixiu Road, Binjiang Economic Development Zone, Jiangning District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 211161 Patentee after: Nanjing Litai New Energy Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No.757, dixiu Road, Binjiang Economic Development Zone, Jiangning District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 211161 Patentee before: NANJING TONGNING NEW MATERIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. |
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